presentation 2
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SEMINAR PRESENTATION 2012
ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE POWER GRNERATION
PRESENTED BY:- SAMANT KISHORE REGD:-0901219009 BRANCH:-MECHANICAL ENGG
CONTENTDESCRIPTION.WORKING PRINCIPLE.DESIGN COMPONENT.CHOICE OF WORKING FLUIDAPPLICATIONCAPITAL &OPERATING COSTADVANTAGE &DISADVANTAGESUPPLIERS
Power production such as electricity, mechanical work by the process of expansion of organic fluid.
It uses a pThis low temperature heat is converted in to work with the help of rankine cycle.rocess of waste heat recovery system(WHS).
The organic fluid such as industrial wast having lower boiloing point changes its phase from liquid to vapour.
DESCRIPTION
This low temperature heat is converted in to work with the help of rankine cycle.
Working principle
An organic fluid in liquid state at low pressure is pressurized by a pump
This pressurized flow is then vaporized by means of a heat sourceThe superheated vapour is expanded trough a turbine, producing mechanical power
CONT..
An optional regenerator can be added between expander exhaust and condenser supply.
The fluid is condensed and flows back to the pump supply.
Organic Rankine cycles are particularly well-adapted to low temperature heat sources which include geothermal source, waste heat from industrial process and solar power
COMPONENTS USED
CHOICE OF WORKING FLUIDThe selection of the working fluid is of key importance in low temperature Rankine Cycles
In order to recover low-grade heat, the fluid generally has a lower boiling temperature than water.
Refrigerants and hydrocarbons are two commonly used components
PROPERTIES OF WORKING FLUID
LOW FREEZING POINT
HIGH HEAT OF VAPOURISATION AND DENSITY
HIGH STABILITY TEMPERATURE
EXAMPLES:- 1}Chloro-fluoro-carbon (CFC) 2} Hydro-Chloro-Fluoro Carbon (HCFC)
APPLICATIONWaste heat recovery
Most important development field for ORC.
applied to heat and power plants, or to industrial and farming processes, automobile exhausts, intercooling of compressor etc.
Benefits• CO2-free additional power• Increased plant / process efficiency• Fuel savingsDriving forces• Fuel, electricity prices / incentives• CO2 or emissions constraints• Grid independence
BIOMASS POWER PLANT
Biomass is available all over the world and can be used for the production of electricity on small to medium size scaled power plants
GEOTHERMAL PLANT
Are similar to other steam turbine thermal power plants
Heat from a fuel source is used to heat water or another working fluid.
fluid is then used to turn a turbine of a generator, thereby producing electricity.
SOLAR POWER PLANTThe organic Rankine cycle can be used in the solar parabolic trough technology in place of the usual steam Rankine cycle. The ORC allows a lower collector temperature, a better collecting efficiency (reduced ambient losses) and hence the possibility of reducing the size of the solar field
CAPITAL AND OPERATING COSTIn case of the ORC unit at Lienz, the additional specific investment costs as compared to a conventional biomass heating plant amounts to EUR 2.765 per kWe.
In general, specific investment costs for ORC units vary between EUR 1.500 and EUR 3.500 per kWe .
When an ORC is applied at the exhaust end of an existing gas engine the specific investment costs vary between EUR 2.500 per kWe (2 MWe gas engine capacity) and EUR 3.500 per kWe (1200 kWe gas engine capacity)
Technical Advantages:-
High cycle efficiency .
Very high turbine efficiency.
Low turbine mechanical stress due to low peripheral speed.
Low turbine rpm, allowing the direct drive of the electric generator without gear reduction in many applications.
ADVANTAGES
CONT..
No erosion of bades due to absence of moisture in vapour nozzles.
No water consumed.
Operational Advantages:-
Simple start stop procedures.
Automatic and continuous operation.
No operator attendance needed.
Quiet operation.
High availability. (typically 98%)
Partial load operation down to 10% of nominal Power
High efficiency at partial load.
Lower maintainence cost.
Long life
Comparatively small scale electrical generation.
Must provide cooling source
DISADVANTAGES
Maintenance
Lowest of all electrical generation
Hermetically sealed components
Can be maintained by traditional mechanic
SUPPLIERSSuppliers / PatentsORC suppliers are:Tri-O-GenNieuwenkampsmaten 8 – 7472 DE GOOR – The NetherlandsTel: 0031 – 547 286374 - Fax: 0031 – 547 286384 - E-mail: [email protected] - Web: Turboden s.r.l.
Viale Stazione, 23 – 25122 Brescia – ItalyTel: 0039 – 030 3772341 - Fax: 0039 – 030 3772346 - E-mail: [email protected] – Web:Maxxtec
Eberhard Layher Straße 7 – D74889 Sinsheim– GermanyTel: 0049 – 72 6192790 - Fax: 0049 – 72 61927999 - E-mail: [email protected] – Web:
Subsidiary of Maxxtec (smaller ORC units):Adoratec Buero Kiel, Schultwiete 2 – D24248 Moenkeberg– GermanyTel: 0049 – 4315708924 - Fax: 0049 – 4315708942 - E-mail: [email protected] Web:
ANYQUERIES??
