presentation by spain to the executive body for the clrtap: compliance with the voc protocols

SECRETARÍA DE ESTADODE CAMBIO CLIMÁTICO

DIRECCION GENERAL DE CALIDAD Y EVALUACION AMBIENTAL

PRESENTATION BY SPAIN TO THE EXECUTIVE BODY

FOR THE CLRTAP:

COMPLIANCE WITH THE VOC PROTOCOLS

Geneva, December 2010



CONTENTS:

1. BACKGROUND

2. FULFILMENT BY SPAIN OF ITS OBLIGATIONS UNDER THE PROTOCOLS

3. PROGRESS IN THE REVISION OF THE SPANISH NATIONAL EMISSION INVENTORY AND ITS IMPACT ON THE NATIONAL EMISSION TOTALS OF SPAIN

4. REVIEWED EMISSION DATA AND EMISSION PROJECTIONS FOR THE TERRITORY COVERED BY THE PROTOCOL

5. OBSTACLES PROHIBITING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF STRONGER MEASURES AND POTENTIAL TO FURTHER REDUCE EMISSIONS


DIRECCION GENERAL DE CALIDAD Y EVALUACION AMBIENTAL1. BACKGROUND

Decision 2009/8

Compliance by Spain with its obligations under the 1991 Protocolconcerning the Control of Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds or

Their Transboundary Fluxes (ref. 6/02)

Reiterates its requests to Spain to complement the progress report as withthe following information:

(a) Progress in the revision of the Spanish national emission inventory and its impact on the national emission totals of Spain;

(b) Reviewed emission data and emission projections for the territory covered by the Protocol;

(c) Identification of activities or sectors where there is still a techno-economical potential to further reduce emissions, and the identification of obstacles prohibiting the implementation of stronger measures in those activities or sectors, in order to achieve compliance.



1. BACKGROUND

Calls on Spain to make a presentation to the next annual session of the Executive Body specifically concerning the additional information requested, and in particular:

•present its progress on the revision of the Spanish national emission inventory

•its work on identifying activities or sectors where there is still potential to further reduce emissions;



2. FULFILMENT BY SPAIN OF ITS OBLIGATIONS UNDER THE

PROTOCOLS



NMVOC emissions in absolute values (kt) for the period 1980-2008 according to the last emission inventory are shown in the figure below.

National emissions in 2008 are 78’7% of emissions in year 1990.

PROGRESS IN THE REVISION OF THE SPANISH NATIONAL EMISSION INVENTORY (NEI) AND ITS IMPACT ON THE NATIONAL EMISSION TOTALS OF SPAIN:

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NMVOC emissions (1990-2009 non official data)

NMVOC emissions (absolute values) - National Inventory, provisional data (2009 vs. 2008 variation: -10,02%)

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3. PROGRESS IN THE REVISION OF THE SPANISH NATIONAL EMISSION INVENTORY AND ITS IMPACT

ON THE NATIONAL EMISSION TOTALS OF SPAIN


DIRECCION GENERAL DE CALIDAD Y EVALUACION AMBIENTALIMPROVEMENTS TO THE EMISSION

INVENTORY:

The methodological improvements that have been carried out in the National Emission Inventory (NEI) in the last year have focused on the following sectors:

Road transport (SNAP 07): more accurate base data has been introduced into the model. Emissions have been estimated using the COPERT IV Program in NEI 2010 (while NEI 2009 used Copert III).

The emission factor in stationary combustion has been reviewed for estimating emissions from natural gas engines in the following activities:

SNAP 02.01.05. Natural gas combustion in stationary engines in Commercial sector (emission factor review)

SNAP 03.01.05. Natural gas combustion in industrial stationary engines (emission factor review).

l



IMPROVEMENTS TO THE EMISSION INVENTORY:

The methodological review of the emission factor for NMVOC in natural gas stationary engines has lead to the use of an emission factor with a lower value, consequently emissions in the National Emission Inventory (NEI) 2010 from these engines are lower than the emissions in the NEI 2009. This fact, associated with the increase for the past years in the natural gas consumption of these engines, has had as a consequence an increasing gap between the higher NEI 2009 time series emissions compared with the lower NEI 2010 time series emissions.

Revision of the road transport sector. This review includes both a methodological change (migration from Copert III to Copert IV) and an activity rate change. Although the methodological and the activity rate changes partially offset in some cases their effects, the global outcome is a significant decrease in NMVOC (Non Methanic VOC) emissions through the whole time series 1990-2007. This decrease is specially relevant for evaporative NMVOC emissions.(SNAP 07.06).

l



IMPROVEMENTS TO THE EMISSION INVENTORY:

Petrol storage, handling and distribution (NMVOC): in year 2010 a specific study on this sector has been undertaken. This study has provided relevant improvements in NMVOC emissions accounts throughout the whole process (the refinery dispatch station, border terminal, marketing terminal depot, service station and automobiles). These improvements will be incorporated into NEI 2011(1990-2009).

l



Use of solvents: Spain is currently still using constant rate emission factor from the nineties in the relevant set of categories of solvent use. A specific study in these activities (focused on updating these constant factors for a number of activities) is currently in progress.

SNAP categories under revision:

SNAP 6.01: Paint applicationSNAP 6.04: other use of solvents and related activities

ACTIVITIES CURRENTLY UNDER REVISION IN NATIONAL EMISSION INVENTORY: USE OF SOLVENTS



ACTIVITIES CURRENTLY UNDER REVISION IN NATIONAL EMISSION INVENTORY

Use of solvents:In 2008, this group represents 57% of national total anthropogenic emissions of NMVOCs

50.000

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NMVOCs emissions(t) by SNAP groupNational Inventory - year 2008




Use of solvents:In 2008, this group represents 57% of national total anthropogenic emissions of NMVOCs

NMVOCs emissions (%) by SNAP group – Contribution to national total anthropogenic emissions (National Inventory - year 2008)




Use of solvents:In 2008, the activities “paint application” and “other use of solvents and related activities“ represented, together, 73% of national total anthropogenic emissions of NMVOCs from SNAP group 06

NMVOCs emissions (%) by subgroup within SNAP 06 (Contribution to total anthropogenic emissions in SNAP 06) - National Inventory, year 2008.



ACTIONS UNDERTAKEN IN 2010 IN ORDER TO IMPROVE NEI FOR THE USE OF SOLVENTS:

ASEFAPIAsociación Española de Fabricantes de Pinturas y Tintas de Imprimir

ADELMAAsociación de empresas de detergentes y de productos de limpieza

STANPAAsociacion Nacional de Perfumería y Cosmética



REVIEWED EMISSION DATA AND EMISSION PROJECTIONS FOR THE TERRITORY

COVERED BY THE PROTOCOL



REVIEWED EMISSION DATA IN THE NATIONAL EMISSION INVENTORY (NEI)

NMVOC emissions in absolute values (kt) for the period 1988-2008 according to the last emission inventory are shown in figure below. National emissions in 2008 are 14,0 % below emissions in year 1988.

NMVOC emissions 1988-2008

NMVOC (kt)

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1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Emissions 1988-2008 NVOC 70% 1988



COMPARISON OF DATA IN NEI 2009 (1990-2007) VERSUS DATA IN NEI 2010 (1990-2008)

It should be noted that the decrease in NEI 2010 emissions when compared to NEI 2009 is explained by the methodological improvements and also by the stagnation or decrease in the demand and use of resources in the relevant activities, such us energy, transport and industry. Despite these previous facts, in aggregate terms national GDP increased 0,9% in 2008 (base year 2000).

NMVOC- Absolute values

1.0951.115 1.129

1.0461.0731.031

1.061 1.0751.1081.1021.0851.062

1.0211.0401.020 990 973 958

1.0361.054 1.067

991 1.007975

1.004 1.0171.0491.0411.018 998

922 933 921885 873 863

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1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

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REVIEW OF THE DATA IN THE NATIONAL EMISSION PROJECTIONS

Evolución de las proyecciones de las emisiones de COVNM

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REVIEW OF THE DATA IN THE NATIONAL EMISSION PROJECTIONS

it should be noted that:

the “with measures scenario” takes into account the takes into account the current economical forecastcurrent economical forecast for 2009-2011 released by the Ministry of Economy. It also considers activity rates projections made by other ministries and main professional associations, including the effect of the financial crisis.



OBSTACLES PROHIBITING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF STRONGER MEASURES AND POTENTIAL TO FURTHER

REDUCE EMISSIONS



OBSTACLES PROHIBITING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF STRONGER MEASURES AND POTENTIAL TO FURTHER REDUCE EMISSIONS

The issue of NMVOC emissions is difficult to tackle because these emissions are not concentrated on a few activities. They are generated in a wide range of activities covering several sectors.

In many of these sectors, the implementation of technical measures is not possible because they relate to products included in the EU common market regime. In these cases, demand control is clearly necessary and it’s been partially addressed through several instruments considered in 3.3.



•THE MEASURES WITH RELEVANT IMPACT ON VOC EMISSIONS WHICH HAVE BEEN TAKEN INTO CONSIDERATION IN THIS PROJECTIONS SUBMISSION ARE THE FOLLOWING (“WITH MEASURES SCENARIO”):

Directive 2002/88/EC relating to measures against the emission of gaseous and particulate pollutants from internal combustion engines to be installed in non-road mobile machinery.Directive 96/61/EC concerning integrated pollution prevention and control Implementation of the IPPC Directive: BREFs on different sectors, such as: oil refineries, iron and steel production, paper and pulp industries, etc. Directive 94/63/EC on the control of VOC emissions resulting fron the storage of petrol and its distribution from terminals to service stationsDirective 2004/42/EC on the limitation of emissions of VOC due to the use of organic solvents in certain paints and varnishes and vehicle refinishing products and amending Directive 1999/13/EC on the limitation of emissions of VOC due to the use of organic solvents in certain activities and installations. (Royal Decree 117/2003)Directive 98/70/EC relating to the quality of petrol and diesel fuels and its amendmentsEuro standards: reduction of pollutant emissions from light vehicles (Directives 70/220/EC, last amended by Directive 98/69; Directive 88/77/EC, last amended by Directive 1999/96, transferred into national law by Royal Decree 2028/1986 and its amendments)Directive 2001/77/EC on the promotion of electricity from renewable energy sources in the internal electricity marketDirective 2002/91/EC on the energy performance of buildingsDirective 2006/32/EC on energy end-use efficiency and energy services and repealing Council Directive 93/76/EEC


DIRECCION GENERAL DE CALIDAD Y EVALUACION AMBIENTALTHE MEASURES WITH RELEVANT IMPACT ON VOC EMISSIONS WHICH

HAVE BEEN TAKEN INTO CONSIDERATION IN THIS PROJECTIONS SUBMISSION ARE THE FOLLOWING (“WITH MEASURES SCENARIO”):

Directive 2004/26/EC which amends Directive 97/68/EC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to measures against the emission of gaseous and particulate pollutants from internal combustion engines to be installed in non-road mobile machineryWhite paper: European transport policy for 2010 [COM(2001) 370 finalStrategic Infrastructure and Transport Plan 2005 -2020Strategy on Energy Saving Promotion and Efficiency 2004-2012 and its implementation plansElectricity and gas sectors planning 2002-2011. Review 2005-2011Electricity and gas sectors planning 2008-2016. Transport networks development. May 2008Renewable energies plan 2005-2010. Council of Ministers Agreement of the 26 of August of 2005.National Plan for a strategic coal stock 2006-2012 and New Model for a Complete and Sustainable Development of the Mining RegionsStrategic National Plan of Rural Development 2007-2103. Ministry on Environment, Rural and Marine Affairs. October 2006.Royal Decree 252/2006 relating to updating recycling and valorisation goals established in Law 11/1997Royal Decree Law 13/2006 relating to the establishment of urgent measures within the PREVER program for the modernisation of cars



•THE MEASURES WITH RELEVANT IMPACT ON VOC EMISSIONS WHICH HAVE BEEN TAKEN INTO CONSIDERATION IN THIS PROJECTIONS SUBMISSION ARE THE FOLLOWING (“WITH MEASURES SCENARIO”):

Royal Decree 1437/2002 on the adequacy of fuel tanks to Royal Decree 2102/1996 on VOC emissionsRoyal Decree 314/2006 approving the new Building Technic CodeCouncil of Ministers Agreement of the 2 of November of 2007 which approves the Spanish Strategy on Climate Change and Clean Energy 2007-2012.2020Urgent Measures Plan of the Spanish Strategy on Climate Change and Clean Energy 2007-2012.2020. July 2007.Royal Decree 1218/2002 amending the Regulation on Heating Systems in Buildings and its Complementary Technical Instructions, and creating the Assessing Committee on Heating Systems in Buildings Royal Decree 1027/2007 relating to the regulation of Heating Systems in BuildingsRoyal Decree 47/2007 approving the procedure for the certification of energy efficiency in buildings of new construction.Royal Decree 1481/2001 relating to the regulation of dump deposit waste disposal National Plan on Emissions Reduction from Large Combustion Plants (approved by Royal Decree 430/2004 which transfers Directive 2001/80/EC)Waste Integrated National Plan 2008-2015. December 2008.Directive 2009/126/CE relating to Petrol Vapour Recovery in Stage IISustainable Mobility Strategy / Enhancing Sustainable Mobility Strategy Specific measures developed by the Autonomous Regions.



THE IDENTIFICATION OF OBSTACLES PROHIBITING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF STRONGER MEASURES IN THOSE ACTIVITIES OR SECTORS, IN ORDER TO ACHIEVE COMPLIANCE AND IDENTIFICATION OF ACTIVITIES OR SECTORS WHERE THERE IS STILL A TECHNO-ECONOMICAL POTENTIAL TO FURTHER REDUCE EMISSIONS

Regarding commitments for year 2010, which are not under the scope of this report but are conclusive for future planning, as well as the above mentioned reasons for not complying with our commitments under the NMVOC Protocol, we would like to stress that most of the drivers used in 1999 for assessing Spanish emissions in 2010 were underestimated.


DIRECCION GENERAL DE CALIDAD Y EVALUACION AMBIENTALUNDERSTIMATION OF DRIVERS FOR ASSESING SPANISH EMISSIONS IN YEAR

2010

Got. Protocol (1999)* With Measures Scenario 2010

2010 1990 % 2010 1990 %

Pop. (Mp) 40,57 38,97 4 46,26 38,96 19

GDP (b€) 631,2 377,96 67 772,95** 477,2** 62

Gross Inland Consumption (PJ)

5215,0 3621,5 44 5461,2 3685,3 48

Amann et al. November 1999. “Integrated Assessment Modelling for the Protocol to Abate Acidification, Eutrophication and Ground-level Ozone in Europe”. Report number “Lucht & Energie 132” from the Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment, Department for Air and Energy. The Netherlands.** Values in constant prices of 2000 (Euros)



COMPARISON BETWEEN CURRENT VALUES (2009) AND PROTOCOL VALUES

Amann et al. November 1999. “Integrated Assessment Modelling for the Protocol to Abate Acidification, Eutrophication and Ground-level Ozone in Europe”. Report number “Lucht & Energie 132” from the Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment, Department for Air and Energy. The Netherlands.** Values in constant prices of 2000 (Euros)*** 2007 values

2009 Got. Protocol (1999)* %

Population (Mp) 46,75 40,57 15

GDP (billion €) 777,31** 631,2 23

Gross Inland Consumption (PJ) 5508,45 5215 6

presentation by spain to the executive body for the clrtap: compliance with the voc protocols

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