presentation chennai science centre
TRANSCRIPT
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Chennai Science Festival 2013
BIODIVERSITY & FOOD SECURITY
Anna Gem Science Park School
Chennai
1 February 2013
Dr. A. Jagadeesh
Head R & D
Centre for Energy and Sustainable ResourcesR.M.K. Engineering College
KAVARAIPETTAI 601 206
Tamil Nadu
E-mail: [email protected]
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Energy from the Sun
About half the incoming solar energy reaches the Earth's
surface.
The Earth receives 174 petawatts (PW) (1015 watts) of
incoming solar radiation at the upper atmosphere.
Approximately 30% is reflected back to space while the rest isabsorbed by clouds, oceans and land masses.
Earth's land surface, oceans and atmosphere absorb solar
radiation, and this raises their temperature. Sunlight
absorbed by the oceans and land masses keeps the surface
at an average temperature of 14 C.
By photosynthesis green plants convert solar energy
into chemical energy, which produces food, wood and
the biomass from which fossil fuels are derived.
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Yearly Solar fluxes & Human Energy Consumption
The total solar energy absorbed by Earth's atmosphere, oceansand land masses is approximately 3,850,000 exajoules (EJ) (1018
joules) per year. (70% of incoming sunlight) (1 Joule = energy
required to heat one gram of dry, cool air by 1 C)
Primary energy use (2005) 487 EJ (0.0126%)
Electricity (2005) 56.7 EJ (0.0015%) Therefore a good target
2002, more energy in one hour than the world used in the year.
Photosynthesis captures approximately 3,000 EJ per year in
biomass.
The amount of solar energy reaching the surface of the planetis so vast that in one year it is about twice as much as will ever be
obtained from all of the Earth's non-renewable resources of coal,
oil, natural gas, and mined uranium combined.
As intermittent resources, solar and wind raise issues.
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Solar Cells Background
1839 - French physicist A. E. Becquerel first recognized the
photovoltaic effect. Photo+voltaic = convert light to electricity
1883 - first solar cell built, by Charles Fritts, coated
semiconductor selenium with an extremely thin layer of gold to
form the junctions.
1954 - Bell Laboratories, experimenting with semiconductors,
accidentally found that silicon doped with certain impurities was
very sensitive to light. Daryl Chapin, Calvin Fuller and Gerald
Pearson, invented the first practical device for converting sunlight
into useful electrical power. Resulted in the production of the firstpractical solar cells with a sunlight energy conversion efficiency of
around 6%.
1958 - First spacecraft to use solar panels was US satellite
Vanguard 1
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PV Solar for Electricity
Photovoltaic's For the 2 billion people without access to electricity, it would be
cheaper to install solar panels than to extend the electrical grid.
(The Fund for Renewable Energy Everywhere)
Providing power for villages in developing countries is a fast-
growing market for photovoltaics. The United Nations estimates
that more than 2 million villages worldwide are without electric
power for water supply, refrigeration, lighting, and other basic
needs.
A one kilowatt PV system* each month: Prevents 150 lbs. of coal from being mined
Prevents 300 lbs. of CO2 from entering the atmosphere
Keeps 105 gallons of water from being consumed
Keeps NO and SO2 from being released into the environment
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Morphology of solar cells
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... a house, but also with very large
systems that then is connected via a ...
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Solar Street Lights
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Hybrid Solar and Wind
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Solar Lights
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Solar Reading Lamps
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Solar Cap
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Solar Safety Helmet
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Solar Fan
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Solar Key Chain Mobile Charger
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Solar key ring
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Amorphous Solar Panel Torch Lights
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Solar-Powered Radio Headphones
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Solar Car Race
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Solar Car
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Solar Boat
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Solar Aeroplane
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Is it a Bird, Is it a Plane? No, it's the new Com-Bat Solar Powered Spy ...
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SOLAR TOWER POWER PLANT Solar Two in Barstow, California,
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At Abengoa Solar's facility in Spain, mirrors heat a liquid in a tower, ...
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Tower of Power
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There is fresh news about the Gema solar tower.
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... is then used as heat or as a heat source for a conventional power plant ...
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Solar Chemistry. Two-axis tracked parabolic trough collectors concentrate ...
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It takes a large number of parabolic dish assemblies to make a practical ...
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Over 4,400 solar PV panels will span the bridge
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Dahanu PV solar power plant in Jaisalmer district of Rajasthan has started ...
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Solar Pump
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Put the SUN to WORK: To getinexhaustible,pollution-free energy
which cannot be misused
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