presentation outline - wurcgn.websites.wur.nl/seminars/symposium21122006/solomon...
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12/21/2006
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Animal Breeding & Genomics Centre
Animal Breeding & Genomics Centre
Conservation priorities for Ethiopian sheep
Solomon G., O. Hanotte, J.J Windig, H. Komen, Johan Van Arendonk
Animal Breeding & Genomics Centre
Presentation outline
I. Sheep production in EthiopiaII. Genetic diversityIII. Priorities for conservation
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Animal Breeding & Genomics Centre
I. Sheep production in Ethiopia
� Importance- 18 – 24 million sheep
- High importance in alpine areas- Less in high potential areas- Mainstay of pastoral livelihood
Animal Breeding & Genomics Centre
� History:- 3 waves of introduction- fat-, thin-tailed & fat-rumped
� Production environment- Diverse ecology (18 zones) - Diverse ethnic community- Diverse production system
Bab El Mendab
YemenR. sea
Sudan
Ethiopia
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Animal Breeding & Genomics Centre
II. Genetic Diversity� 14 traditional breeds & 672 individuals sampled� Sampling criteria:- traditionally recognized pops.
- phenotypically distinct- ecological consideration
� Genotyped using 17 microsatellite markers� + Morphology, farmers’ opinion, flock structure
Bab El Mendab
YemenR. sea1
245
6
7
8
91012 14
Sudan3
11
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Animal Breeding & Genomics Centre
Dendrogram constructed from Nei genetic distance
100┌─────────────────── Afar ┌────────────────────┤
│ └────────────────────────────────── BHS │
│ 63┌─────────────────────────────────── Simien 62│ ┌───┤
┌─────┤ 29│ └─────────────── Wollo │ │ ┌┤
│ │ ││ ┌─────── Farta │ │ 69│└──┤
80│ │ ┌───┤ 61└─────────────────── Tikur ┌──────┤ │ │ │
│ │ └───────┤ └────────────────── Sekota │ │ 93│
45│ │ └──────────── Menz ┌─┤ │
│ │ └─────────────────────── Washera │ │
│ └───────────────────────────────────────────────── Gumz │
│ 73┌─────────────────── Adilo │ ┌────────┤
│ │ └────────────────────────────── Arsi-Bale └─┤
│ ┌────────────────────────── Horro └──────┤
52└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Bonga
Fat-rumped
Fat-tailed
Thin-tailed
Fat-tailed
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Animal Breeding & Genomics Centre
The four morphotypes (tail types)
Thin-tailed
Fat-rumped
Short-fat-tailed
Long-fat-tailed
Animal Breeding & Genomics Centre
Proposed classification of Ethiopian sheep
Breed groups (6)1. Short-fat-tailed (sub-alpine)2. Long-fat-tailed (sub-humid HL 3. Thin-tailed (sub-humid LL)4. Fat-rumped (arid lowland)5. Washera6. Bonga
Breeds (9)- Simien & Sub-alpine- Horro & Arsi-Bale - Gumz- BHS & Afar- Washera- Bonga
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Animal Breeding & Genomics Centre
III. Conservation priorities – status of breeds
0.47++-0.343409.3Horro0.40--1.076345.1Arsi
0.67-+++1.201395.9Wollo0.40--1227.7Washera0.60++++++1.45971.4Menz0.40++-906.2BHS0.40--1.00732.3Sekota0.33+-681.9Afar0.67-++0.27555.6Farta0.53-+1.00525.3Tikur0.60--0.07517.5Bonga0.60--0.09407.7Adilo0.53--0.25347.6Simien0.80-+++0.7050.9Gumz
Extinctionprobability
Purestock
Cross-breeding
No.Rams
Population(‘000)Breed
Meassures of degree of endangerment
Animal Breeding & Genomics Centre
� Approaches used to set priorities
1. Weitzman (1992) measure of diversity
2. Eding (2001) measure of diversity3. Degree of endangerment/extinction probability
4. Current breed merit (economic, ecological, cult.)
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Animal Breeding & Genomics Centre
Contribution of non-safe breed to diversity of Safe +1 set
Safe + 1:
0.90660.51Safe set
0.92861.27Full set
0.9051
0.9078
0.9092
0.9106
0.9107
0.9146
0.9147
0.9190
Div (S )
0.47
0.56
0.57
0.55
0.58
0.68
0.65
0.65
V (S )
0.4513.9Tikur
0.8927.4Gumz
0.8831.9Bonga
0.0013.2Adilo
0.139.9Menz
0.2910.4Wollo
0.447.7Farta
1.3726.7Simien
Gain %Gain %Breed ( i )
Eding diversityWeitzman diversity
Animal Breeding & Genomics Centre
� Simien sheep- In danger of habitat loss- Cohabit Simien Mountain
Park with Walia ibex
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Animal Breeding & Genomics Centre
Overall ranking of breeds
412+++--0.40Sekota
49--+0.60Adilo
357-+++++0.40Washe
36-++++0.47Horro364+++++++++0.40BHS35-++++0.40Arsi338+++++++++0.33Afar211+++++++0.67Wollo210+++++++0.53Tikur213+++++++++0.60Menz214+++++0.67Farta
143++++-0.80Gumz
121---060Bonga112+++++++0.53Simien
Overallranking
EdingWeitzman
Ecologicalvalue
Culturalvalue
Economic value
Extinctionprobability
BreedRankingBreed merit
Animal Breeding & Genomics Centre
Acknowledgement
� Sincere thanks to farmers for sparing, for free:- their animals for sampling & - their time for discussion
� This project is funded by WOTRO