Developing Low Carbon Society (LCS)Low Carbon Society (LCS)

ScenariosIskandar Malaysia –Iskandar Malaysia -

1. If we cannot go to LCS,…2. LCS offers higher QOL with

less energy demand and lower carbon energy supplylower-carbon energy supply

3. LCS needs good design, early action, and innovations

Designed by Hajime Sakai

early action, and innovations

Junichi FUJINO On behalf of AIM teamNIES (National Institute for Environmental Studies), Japan

1

Side Event “FINANCING, PARTNERSHIP & NETWORKING STRATEGIES for ACTION‐ORIENTED RESEARCH & CAPACITY BUILDING: WHAT DOES/DOESN’T WORK? “

Japan Pavilion in Warsaw, Nov 13, 2013

AIM (Asia‐Pacific Integrated Model) since 1990

• AIM (Asia‐Pacific Integrated Model) is an integrated assessment model to assess mitigation options toassess mitigation options to reduce GHG emissions and impact/adaptation to avoid impact/adaptation to avoidsevere climate change damages. 

2

Overall research procedure of our LC development  approach• Area

Qualification  of Socio‐

Setting framework• Base year• Target year• Covered sectors

• Demography• Lifestyle• Economy

Quantification of Socio‐d

Qua cat o o Soc oeconomic Vision• Actors/Players

• LCS target

Economy• Transport• Building• Resource

T d t k

economic Visions and GHG emission  efficiency

• Energy strategy• Power supply

Quantifications of parameters:• Population• Final demand Try and error to keep 

consistency and unity among Socio‐

Economic policies and LCD targets

• Final demand • Transport parameters• Energy service

demand generationEvaluation of Scenarios / measures:

Analysis of Alternative LCD scenarios and 

LCD targets• Energy device share• Power supply

assumptions

measures:• Transportation system• Energy service demand

generation• Energy device share

measuresEnergy device share

• Power supply options• Renewable energy• Carbon sink• etc

Design LCD Actions d R d f

3

etc.and Roadmaps from the analysis

How to reach to Low Carbon Society in Asia ?

ta

High C b High Carbon

Climate catastrophe:

per capit Carbon

Locked in Society

High Carbon Locked‐in type Development

catastrophe:Significant Damage to   E d

missions p

Low Carbon

Leapfrog‐

Economy and Eco‐ System

GHG

 em Carbon 

Locked in Society Low Carbon 

SocietyBackcasting

Development

Development of Asia LCS ScenariosSocietyTime

(1) Depicting narrative scenarios for LCS(1) Depicting narrative scenarios for LCS(2) Quantifying future LCS visions(3) Developing robust roadmaps by backcasting 

Funded by Ministry of Environment, Japan (GERF, S-6) and NIES

Policy Packages for Asia LCS

Low‐Carbon Society Scenarios in Asia using AIM

Shi Shi K t JiliJapan Japan

ShigaJapan

ShigaJapan

KyotoJapan

JilinChina

GuangzhouChina India

AhmedabadIndia

BhopalIndia Thailand Indonesia

h

India India

Whatis

NEXT???Iskandar Putrajaya CyberjayaMalaysia

j yMalaysia Malaysia Vietnam Bangladesh

http://2050.nies.go.jp5

BackgroundCOP 18 Side Event  . Doha . 30 November 2012

Voluntary 40%

Iskandar Malaysia: Key Challenges

Issues

40% reduction of  CO2emission intensity byIssues

Rapid urbanization and industrializationHigher energy demand and Co2 emission Decouple economic growth and emission

intensity by 2020

Decouple economic growth and emissionon fossil fuel

_

Blueprint – 3 main thrusts – Green economy, community and environment.

Si 2 216 3 k ²

=12 actions Joint collaboration work of UTM, KU, 

Size: 2,216.3 km²Population: 1.3 mil. (2005) I 3.0 mil. (2025)GDP: 35.7 bil. RM (2005) I 141.4 bil. RM (2025)

NIES under SATREPS program 

http://2050.nies.go.jp/cop/cop18/SPM_LCS%20Blueprint_Iskandar%20Malaysia.pdf6

Background of ProjectD l t f L C b S i t S i f A i R iDevelopment of Low Carbon Society Scenarios for Asian Regions

Research Team: Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Kyoto University (KU), Okayama University (OU),National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES)

Joint Coordinating Committee: Iskandar Regional Development Authority (IRDA), FederalDepartment of Town and Country Planning (JPBD), Malaysia Green Technology Corporation(MGTC)

Sponsorship: Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) , Japan Science and Technology(JST)

Period: 2011 - 2016

Research Output:i. Methodology to create LCS scenarios which is appropriate for Malaysia is developed.

ii. LCS scenarios are created and utilised for policy development in IM.

iii. Co-benefit of LCS policies on air pollution and on recycling-based society is quantified in IM

iv. Organizational arrangement of UTM to conduct trainings on LCS scenarios for Malaysia andAsian countries is consolidated, and a network for LCS in Asia is established

IM LCS Actions, 10 July 2012 at IRDA, Danga Bay, Johor Bahru7

Potential Mitigation Options for Iskandar MalaysiaCOP 18 Side Event  . Doha . 30 November 2012

Green Economy, Green Community and Green Environment

Green Economy 59%

Green Community21%21%

Green Environment20%

8

Development of Low Carbon Society Scenarios for Asian RegionsLCS Actions for IM by Three Main Themes

Action Names Themes

1 Integrated Green Transportation

Development of Low Carbon Society Scenarios for Asian Regions

1 Integrated Green Transportation

GREENGREEN ECONOMYECONOMY

2 Green Industry

3 Low Carbon Urban Governance GREENGREEN ECONOMYECONOMY3 Low Carbon Urban Governance

4 Green Building & Construction

5 Green Energy System & Renewable Energy5 Green Energy System & Renewable Energy

6 Low Carbon LifestyleGREEN COMMUNITYGREEN COMMUNITY

7 Community Engagement & Consensus Buildingy g g g

8 Walkable, Safe, Livable City Design

9 Smart GrowthGREEN ENVIRONMENTGREEN ENVIRONMENT10 Green and Blue Infrastructure & Rural Resources

11 Sustainable Waste Management

12 Green and Clean Environment9

Development of Low Carbon Society Scenarios for Asian RegionsLCS Actions for IM – Work Breakdown Structure

Work Breakdown Structure of 12 LCS Actions

Development of Low Carbon Society Scenarios for Asian Regions

Action1.0 Key Policy Actions needed to achieve the final goal of the project (targeted 50% cut in carbon emission intensity by 2025 based on 2005 levels)Action1.1 Sub-actions needed to produce policy outcomes that jointly lead to the achievement of a

Sub-actions

key Policy Action

1.1.1 Measures that are more detailed breakdown Sub-actions1.1.1 Measures that are more detailed breakdown and interpretation of Sub-actions into strategies with a clearer implementation dimension

M

1.1.1.1 Programs – Specific activities, deliverables, from which resource requirements, budget,implementation agencies and duration may be identified/estimatedMeasuresidentified/estimated

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LCS Actions for IM – WBS Diagram by Action(WBS: Work Breakdown Structure)

Action 1: Integrated Green Transportation

( )

1.1Integrated

Public Transportation

1.2Improving JB-Singapore, JB-KL Connectivity

1.3Diffusion of Low

Carbon Passenger Vehicles

1.4Enhancing Traffic Flow Conditions &

Performance

1.5Green

Transportation in Rural Areas

1.6GreenFreight

TransportationTransportation KL Connectivity Vehicles Performance in Rural Areas Transportation

1.1.1Public transport

system improvement

1.1.2Introducing

rail- & water-based public

t t

1.1.3Efficient & seamless

intermodal t f f iliti

1.2.1Intercity high-

speed rail transit (HSRT)

1.3.1Promote use of

low carbon vehicles

1.4.1Transportation

Demand Management (TDM)

1.5.1Improve public

transport services & use in

l

1.6.1Modal shift to

greener freight transport

d

1.6.2Promote

green/hybrid freight transportimprovement transport transfer facilities ( ) Management (TDM) rural areas modes freight transport

1. Route network expansion planning (improve network

1. Route network planning2. Connectivity

1. Integrated ticketing system (across all platforms)2 bli

1. Integrate Singapore MRT (SMRT) system with IskandarMalaysia Light

1. Government agencies to use hybrid vehicles2. Tax reduction f h b id hi l

1. Intelligent Transportation System (ITS)2. Enhancing traffic i l

1. Provide hybrid bus services from rural areas to urban areas2. Provide school

1. Modal shift from road-based to rail-based freight transport

1. Tax incentives for freight operators in acquisition of hybrid freight (improve network

coverage and connectivity)2.Increase bus frequency, improve punctuality and reliability

. Co ec y & integration with existing public transport modes

2. Public transport interchanges as destinations & urban activity nodes3. Park and ride facilities in

y gRail Transit (IMLRT) & bus systems2. JB Sentral as HSRT-SMRT-IMLRT hub

for hybrid vehicle purchase 3. Gradual phasing out of diesel engine buses4. Subsidy for

h f

signal performance 3. Enhance the use of Variable Message Sign (VMS) 4. Tidal flow and

t fl l

2. Provide school bus services for students in rural areas3. Subsidise rural area hybrid bus services

2. Modal shift to ship-freight transport

hybrid freight vehicles

3. Real time arrival information4. Bus priority measures5. Public transport reimaging 6 Fl t t ti k t

facilities in suburban transit nodes

purchase of hybrid buses

contra-flow along primary radial routes 5. Increase parking charges

6. Flat rate tickets and central area free shuttle services7. Web based journey planner 11

Potential Mitigation Options for Iskandar Malaysia12 Actions Towards Low Carbon Future

COP 18 Side Event  . Doha . 30 November 2012

12 Actions Towards Low Carbon FutureMitigation Options CO2 

Reduction%

G E 7 401 59%Green Economy  7,401  59% Action 1 Integrated Green Transportation  1,916  15% Action 2 Green Industry  1,085  9% Action 3 Low Carbon Urban Governance**Action 3 Low Carbon Urban Governance** ‐ ‐Action 4 Green Building and Construction  1,338  11% Action 5 Green Energy System and Renewable Energy  3,061  24% 

Green Community 2,557 21%Green Community  2,557  21% Action 6 Low Carbon Lifestyle  2,557  21% Action 7 Community Engagement and Consensus Building**  ‐ ‐

Green Environment 2 510 20%Green Environment  2,510  20% Action 8 Walkable, Safe and Livable City Design  264  2% Action 9 Smart Urban Growth  1,214  10% Action 10 Green and Blue Infrastructure and Rural Resources  620  5% Action 11 Sustainable Waste Management  412  3% Action 12 Clean Air Environment**  ‐ ‐

Total  12,467** 100% *Contribution to GHG emission reduction from 2025BaU to 2025CM ** Action 3, 7 and 12 does not have direct emission reduction, but their effect is included in other Actions. *** Since contribution of Action 10 includes carbon sink by forest conservation and urban tree planting, the total of contribution of the 12 Actions is greater than difference of the GHG emissions between 2025BaU and 2025CM in Figure 2 and Table2.

12

Launching of the LCSBPIM Launching of the LCSBPIM –– COP18 Doha 2012COP18 Doha 2012

Launching of Low Carbon Society Blueprint at CO18After the Low Carbon Society Blueprint – What’s Next?

The Low Carbon Society Blueprint for Iskandar Malaysia 2025, officially launched by the Prime( )Minister of Malaysia and adopted by the Iskandar Regional Development Authority (IRDA) in 2012,

sets a target for 58% carbon intensity reduction in 2025 as compared to the 2005 level andrecommends a total of 283 strategic policies towards minimising carbon emissions in IskandarMalaysia (IM).Malaysia (IM).

Taking the blueprint into the implementation phase poses several questions:

Which policies should come first?Which policies should come first?How long should the implementation period be?When should these policies be implemented?Who are the potential implementation agencies involved with these policies?

IntroductionA Roadmap towards Low Carbon Iskandar Malaysia 2025

Low Carbon City 2025: Sustainable Iskandar MalaysiaLow Carbon City 2025: Sustainable Iskandar Malaysia

Low Carbon Society Blueprint for Iskandar Malaysia 2025

IRDA’s Implementation Plan 2013‐2015

Thi d h b f l d l d h bl i

A Roadmap towards Low Carbon Iskandar Malaysia 2025

This roadmap has been formulated to serve as a complementary document to the blueprint.It provides a pathway to guide the implementation of policy actions proposed in the blueprintby outlining implementation programmesaccording to the given priority timeline and related implementation agencies including the 10according to the given priority, timeline and related implementation agencies, including the 10implementation plans that IRDA has identified for 2013‐2015 period.

01 IntroductionLCS Blueprint , IRDA’s Implementation Plan and LCS Roadmap

Low Carbon Society Blueprint for Iskandar Low Carbon Society Blueprint for Iskandar Malaysia:Malaysia: Actions for a Low Carbon FutureActions for a Low Carbon FutureMalaysia: Malaysia: Actions for a Low Carbon FutureActions for a Low Carbon Future

11 Integrated Green TransportationIntegrated Green Transportation –– Mobile ManagementMobile Management1.1. Integrated Green Transportation Integrated Green Transportation –– Mobile Management Mobile Management SystemSystem

2.2. Green Economy GuidelinesGreen Economy Guidelines2.2. Green Economy GuidelinesGreen Economy Guidelines3.3. EcoEco‐‐Life Challenge Project for SchoolsLife Challenge Project for Schools4.4. Portal on Green TechnologyPortal on Green Technologygygy5.5. Trees for Urban Parks/ForestsTrees for Urban Parks/Forests6.6. Responsible Tourism and Biodiversity Conservation Responsible Tourism and Biodiversity Conservation 7.7. Bukit Bukit BatuBatu EcoEco‐‐CommunityCommunity8.8. GAIA GAIA –– Green Accord Initiative AwardGreen Accord Initiative Award9.9. Low Carbon Village FELDA Taib Low Carbon Village FELDA Taib AndakAndak10.10.Special Feature: Smart City Special Feature: Smart City –– Pasir Gudang ‘NAFAS BARU’: Pasir Gudang ‘NAFAS BARU’: 

CLEAN AND HEALTHY CITYCLEAN AND HEALTHY CITYCLEAN AND HEALTHY CITYCLEAN AND HEALTHY CITY

our side eventsour side events…N 13th (W d) 15 00 16 30 t J P iliNov 13th (Wed) 15:00‐16:30 at Japan Pavilion“Pathways toward low carbon societies in Asia by 2050 and contribution of Japan to their realization”and contribution of Japan to their realization

Nov 15th (Fri) 11:30‐13:00 at RoomWroclawNov 15 (Fri) 11:30 13:00 at Room Wroclaw“Roadmap and Actions toward Low Carbon Societies in Malaysia and throughout Asia”

Nov 18th (Mon) 9:00‐10:00 at Japan Pavilion“Low Carbon Implementation in Asia – Launching Iskandar Malaysia Low Carbon Implementation Plan”