Population FertilityPopulation Fertility

*Understand how fertility is measured and gain *Understand how fertility is measured and gain an appreciation of the values relative to a range an appreciation of the values relative to a range of countries.of countries.*Explain how fertility is influenced by a range of *Explain how fertility is influenced by a range of factors.factors.

Key definitionsKey definitions

Crude Birth Rate (CBR)Crude Birth Rate (CBR) The most common The most common measure of fertility.measure of fertility.

The number of births, per 1000 people in the The number of births, per 1000 people in the population, per year. population, per year.

General Fertility RateGeneral Fertility Rate This in an indicator of This in an indicator of the number of likely births.the number of likely births.

It is an index of the number of live births in a year It is an index of the number of live births in a year divided by the number of women aged between divided by the number of women aged between 15 and 49. 15 and 49.

**Total Fertility Rate (TFR)Total Fertility Rate (TFR) The average number The average number of children born to a woman during her lifetime. of children born to a woman during her lifetime.

Measurements of fertilityMeasurements of fertility Define crude birth rate, general fertility rate and total Define crude birth rate, general fertility rate and total

fertility rate, and gain an appreciation of their values fertility rate, and gain an appreciation of their values relative to a range of countries with different economic relative to a range of countries with different economic and social development levels.and social development levels.

Sociocultural factors and fertilitySociocultural factors and fertilityExplain how fertility is influenced by factors including the Explain how fertility is influenced by factors including the

status of women, level of education, nature of status of women, level of education, nature of employment, type of residence, religion, health care employment, type of residence, religion, health care and family status.and family status.

Economic factors and fertilityEconomic factors and fertilityUnderstand how fertility is influenced by the real and Understand how fertility is influenced by the real and

perceived cost of having children.perceived cost of having children. Spatial patterns of fertility Spatial patterns of fertility Appreciate the broad, global patterns of fertility and be Appreciate the broad, global patterns of fertility and be

able to describe and account for these patterns.able to describe and account for these patterns.

This map shows the proportion of the This map shows the proportion of the

world's total births for each territoryworld's total births for each territory..

133,121,000 babies were born in the year 2000. In countries with the fewest births per person, more people are dying than are being born. As with all population statistics, even this vital one, figures are rough estimates.More children are born each year in Africa than are born in the Americas, all of Europe and Japan put together. Worldwide, more than a third of a million new people will be born on your birthday this year.

Diverging Trends in Fertility Diverging Trends in Fertility

ReductionReductionAverage number of children per woman

5.75.25.4

6.46.4

8.5

5.3

3.3

6.2

3.1

2.4 2.1

4.3

2.5

Egypt India Indonesia Iran Pakistan Turkey Yemen

1970-1975 2000-2005

Source: United Nations, World Population Prospects: The 2004 Revision, 2005.

1.17

1.12

0.94

0.84

1.22

1.24

1.24

1.23

1.23

1.20

Belarus

Bulgaria

Republic of Moldova

Republic of Korea

Slovenia

Slovakia

Czech Republic

Ukraine

China, Hong Kong Special AdministrativeRegion

China, Macao Special Administrative Region

10 Places With the Lowest Total 10 Places With the Lowest Total Fertility WorldwideFertility WorldwideAverage number of children per woman, 2000-2005

Source: United Nations, World Population Prospects: The 2004 Revision, 2005.