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SCYCLE

Programme

UNU’s E-waste Expertise

Dr. Deepali Sinha KHETRIWAL sinha[at]unu.edu

June 07, 2016

Key areas of expertise 1

• Global E-waste Monitor

• E-waste in Asia Book

• E-waste in Latin America

• E-waste Statistical Guidelines

• Country Quantification studies

Quantification

•ProSUM •Person-in-Port •CWIT

•Dutch Future Flows study

•Best of 2 Worlds (Bo2W)

Routes, Flows and Technologies

• StEP Initiative

• Guiding Principles for E-waste Systems & Legislation

• Switch Africa – Ghana

• Ethiopia

• European Commission Art. 7 & Art. 11

Policy & Dialogue

• E-waste Academy for Scientists

• E-waste Academy for Managers

• DOTCOM

Capacity Building







Quantification





• StEP Initiative



• Ethiopia


Policy & Dialogue



• DOTCOM

Capacity Building

1. The Global E-waste Monitor 2014

http://www.step-initiative.org/index.php/WorldMap.html

12/04/2016

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Domestic E-waste Generated 2014 (total) Global E-waste Monitor 2014

4

Domestic E-waste Generation in Asia Global E-waste Monitor 2014

12/04/2016

5

2. E-waste in Asia coming soon!

6

-

200'000

400'000

600'000

800'000

1000'000

1200'000

An

nu

al E

-was

te A

risi

ng

(to

nn

es)

E-waste Arising - Japan

Japan Inventory - Big 6

UNU Global E-waste Monitor - Big 6

- 20'000 40'000 60'000 80'000

100'000 120'000 140'000 160'000 180'000 200'000

2001 2004 2007 2010 2013 2016A

nn

ual

E-w

aste

Ari

sin

g (t

on

ne

s)

E-waste Arising - Taiwan

Taiwan Inventory - Big 6UNU Global E-waste Monitor - Big 6

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

2001 2004 2007 2010 2013 2016

An

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al E

-was

te A

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(to

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es)

E-waste Arising - Hong Kong

Hong Kong Recycling Statistics


020000400006000080000

100000120000140000160000180000200000

An

nu

al E

-was

te A

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ng

(to

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es)

E-waste Arising - Thailand

Thailand Inventory - Big 6


0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000

1000000

20012003200520072009201120132015

An

nu

al E

-was

te A

risi

ng

(to

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es)

E-waste Arising - Malaysia

Malaysia Inventory - Big 6


0100020003000400050006000700080009000

An

nu

al E

-was

te A

risi

ng

(to

nn

es)

E-waste Arising - Cambodia

Cambodia Inventory


3. E-waste in Latin America

Brazil (1412 kt) & Mexico (958 kt) are by far the countries with more e-waste generated (2014)

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4. E-waste statistics guidelines

Internationally recognized (by UN) statistical concepts

Co authored by representatives of UNU, SBC, UNCTAD, ITU, Eurostat

Guide countries to measure relevant parameters for e-waste

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271845217_E-waste_statistics_Guidelines_on_classifications_reporting_and_indicators

11/05/2015 Conference of Parties - 2015 Geneva

Source: Baldé, C. P., Kuehr, R., Blumenthal, K., Gill, S. F., Kern, M., Micheli, E., Magpantay, E. and Huisman, J. (2015). E-waste statistics: Guidelines on classifications, reporting and indicators. UNU Bonn, Germany.

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Quantification





• StEP Initiative



• Ethiopia


Policy & Dialogue



• DOTCOM

Capacity Building

1. ProSUM (lat: I am useful)

To construct a European Knowledge Base on Critical Raw Materials from Urban Mines

EU Funded project (EUR 3 million +)

17 consortium partners

Jan 2015 – Dec 2017

10

ProSUM Approach 11

2. Person-in-Port-Project (PiP), Nigeria

Objectives Data on quantity and quality of UEEE into Nigeria

Basic understanding of economic drivers

Approach

Scientist in Lagos ports inspects containers/vehicles with UEEE for 4 months in the ports of Tin Can Island, Apapa

Participate in inspections of containers with used electrical and electronic equipment (UEEE)

Access and evaluation of documents at Nigerian customs and Port Authority

Partners US-EPA

BCCC Africa

UNU SCYCLE

Nigerian Customs and Port Authority

First project phase from January to June 2015; ongoing second phase

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3. CWIT Countering WEEE Illegal Trade

EU Funded project

7 consortium partners

September 2013 – August 2015

Budget: EUR 480,000

11/05/2015 Conference of Parties - 2015 Geneva

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CWIT Countering WEEE Illegal Trade

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4. The Best of 2 Worlds project

Eco-efficient treatment of domestic WEEE in China, 在中国具有生态效益的WEEE处理

The best of 2 worlds project 最好的两世界的研究项目

Source: Wang, F., Huisman, J., Meskers, C. E. M., Schluep, M., Stevels, A., & Hagelüken, C. (2012). The Best-of-2-Worlds philosophy: Developing local dismantling and global infrastructure network for sustainable e-waste treatment in emerging economies. Waste Management.

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Quantification





• StEP Initiative



• Ethiopia


Policy & Dialogue



• DOTCOM

Capacity Building

1. Step Initiative

International network, global engagement

Multi-stakeholder platform - Members include UN organisations, EEE manufacturers, dismantlers, recyclers, academia, government

Tools – Business Plan Calculation Tool; Guiding Principles; White & Green Papers

www.step-initiative.org

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2. Guiding Principles for E-waste System & Legislation

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E-waste Management

System & Legislation

P1 P2

P3

P4

P5 P6

P7

P8

P9

P10 Legal Framework

Framework Conditions for Operations

Operations

Transparency & Acceptance

Awareness

The 10 Guiding Principles 19

1. Establish a clear legal framework for e-waste collection and recycling

2. Introduce extended producer responsibility to ensure producers finance the collection and recycling of e-

waste

3. Enforce legislation for all stakeholders and strengthen monitoring and compliance mechanisms across the

country to ensure a level playing field

4. Create favourable investment conditions for experienced recyclers to bring the required technical expertise

to the country

5. Create a licensing system or encourage certification via international standards for collection and recycling

6. Leverage on existing informal collection system, where it exists, to collect e-waste and ensure e-waste is

sent to licensed recyclers through incentives

7. Ensure good and easy access to international licensed treatment facilities when no local end-processing

facilities exist for an e-waste fraction

8. Ensure that costs to run the system are transparent and stimulate competition in the collection and

recycling system to drive cost effectiveness

9. Ensure all stakeholders involved in e-waste collection and recycling are aware of potential impacts of

10. ENSURE THAT ALL STAKEHOLDERS INVOLVED IN E-WASTE COLLECTION AND RECYCLING ARE AWARE OF THE

POTENTIAL IMPACTS ON THE ENVIRONMENT AND HUMAN HEALTH AS WELL AS POSSIBLE APPROACHES TO

THE ENVIRONMENTALLY SOUND TREATMENT OF E-WASTE

11. CREATE AWARENESS ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS OF RECYCLING AMONG CONSUMERS

3. Switch Africa Green (Ghana)

Activities funded by EU via UNOPS

Partners include Cape Coast University, University of Northampton, UNU

2 years from 2015

UNU tasks

Training for policy makers and recyclers

Comment on legislation/regulation

Provide guidance on „Best Practices“

Integration into activities on e-waste of GIZ in Ghana

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4. E-waste Management in Ethiopia

Partners

United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)

Ministry of Communication and Information Technology (MCIT), Ministry of Environment and Forest (MEF)

Funded by GEF (~ 1 mio USD)

Duration: 2012 to 2016

UNU involvement

Initiation of project together with UNIDO and US-EPA

International Project Coordination

Ensure scientific quality of studies and approaches

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Establish E-waste

Management System in Ethiopia

Downstream

Markets

Collection

Regulation

Facility Optimizati

on

Financing

Regional cooperati

on

Business model for the DMF

Awareness creation







Quantification





• StEP Initiative



• Ethiopia


Policy & Dialogue



• DOTCOM Waste

Capacity Building

UNU E-waste academies and more…...

Interactive, learning-by-doing environment for:

Scientists (EWAS)

Managers (EWAM: policy makers, gvt. officials, SMEs and entrepreneurs)

UNIDO Meeting LAC GEF Proposal

Development of training material (off-line & online)

E.g. EWA YouTube channel (https://www.youtube.com/user/EwasteAcademy)

EWAM 2012 toolkit available on iTunes

Enforcement agencies: Dotcom.waste, see: http://www.dotcomwaste.eu/

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http://www.dotcomwaste.eu/



1. EWAS E-waste Academy – Scientists Edition

Five successful editions

“The Product Life Cycle of EEE”

Eindhoven, Antwerp, Davos, Sep 2009

“Enabling Closed EEE Cycles”

Eindhoven, Antwerp Sep 2010

“Closing Resource Loops:

Complexities and Solutions in

Managing E-Waste”

Eindhoven, Antwerp, Davos, Sep 2011

“Visualising E-waste Futures”

Geneva, St.Gallen, Dec 2013

“Changing E-waste Discourse”

Shanghai, Nov 2014

“Criticality, Commonality, Circularity”

Limerick, Aug 2016

Share

Network

Learn

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2. EWAM E-waste Academy – Managers Edition

Three successful editions

Accra, Ghana, June 2012

San Salvador, El Salvador, 2014

Nairobi, Kenya, 2016

The overall objective of EWAM is to build the capacity for policy makers, regulators and small scale recyclers particularly in developing countries.

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DOTCOM Waste

The overall objective of DOTCOM Waste is to increase the capabilities to fight cross-border waste crime more cost effectively.

Target Beneficiaries: Law enforcement agencies (LEAs); Customs and port authorities; Environmental agencies; Prosecutors

Deliverables:

Compendium of Good Practices in the detection, investigation and prosecution of illegal management and trade of waste in Europe and selected countries of destination (China and West Africa)

Development of a training toolkit including training materials and practical operational tools

Information sharing and capacity building through e-learning and online seminars

Partners: UNU, Cross-Border Research Association, Compliance and Risks, TECOMS, Ports Environmental Network Africa, Basel Convention Centres – Asia-Pacific & Africa; Public Prosecutor Office Bari, Italy

Timeline: January 2016 – Dec 2017

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Thai noodle salad

CWIT

DOTCOM

Person-in-Port

ProSUM

Quantification Studies

Ghana, Ethiopia

EWAS

Bo2W

EWAM

StEP

Guiding Principles

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Resource websites/ reports/ research papers Global e-waste data: http://step-initiative.org/index.php/WorldMap.html

E-waste in Latin America: http://www.gsma.com/latinamerica/ewaste2015u

Ewaste Academy: www.ewasteacademy.org

DOTCOM Waste: http://www.dotcomwaste.eu

CWIT (Countering WEEE Illegal Trade): www.cwit-project.eu

ProSUM: http://www.prosumproject.eu

Study on Collection Rates:http://ec.europa.eu/environment/waste/weee/pdf/Final_Report_Art7_publication.pdf

Research Papers (selection):

Khetriwal, DS., Widmer, R, Kuehr, R., Huisman, J. (2011). One WEEE, many species: lessons from the European experience. Waste Management & Research

Wang, F., Huisman, J., Meskers, C. E. M., Schluep, M., Stevels, A., & Hagelüken, C. (2012). The Best-of-2-Worlds philosophy: Developing local dismantling and global infrastructure network for sustainable e-waste treatment in emerging economies. Waste Management.

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http://step-initiative.org/index.php/WorldMap.html





http://www.gsma.com/latinamerica/ewaste2015u

http://www.gsma.com/latinamerica/ewaste2015u

http://www.ewasteacademy.org

http://www.dotcomwaste.eu

http://www.dotcomwaste.eu

http://www.cwit-project.eu



http://www.prosumproject.eu

http://www.prosumproject.eu

http://ec.europa.eu/environment/waste/weee/pdf/Final_Report_Art7_publication.pdf

http://ec.europa.eu/environment/waste/weee/pdf/Final_Report_Art7_publication.pdf

thank you for your attention

UNITED NATIONS UNIVERSITY | Vice Rectorate in Europe | Sustainable Cycles Programme (SCYCLE)

Platz der Vereinten Nationen 1 | 53113 Bonn | GERMANY www.unu.edu | www.scycle.vie.unu.edu

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http://www.unu.edu/

http://www.scycle.vie.unu.edu/

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