Chapter 7The Elementary and Secondary Education Act

(ESEA)The Law and Special Education (Third

Edition)By: Mitchell Yell

Presented by: Agnes B. DomingoSpring 2014

By PresenterMedia.com

Objectives:• Review the historical developments

that led to the passage of ESEA and that led to NCLB.

• Examine the purpose, goals, and structure of the law.

• Consider the major principles of the most recent reauthorization of ESEA, NCLB.

• The Reauthorization of the ESEA.

The ESEA and it’s effect on the education of students in the U. S. public schools, including its effects on students with

disabilities.

The History of Federal Involvement in Education: From Assistance to Accountability

The ESEA of 1965 appropriates federal money to states to improve educational opportunities for disadvantaged students.(Title I)

National Commission on Excellence in Education (1983) - reported that the U. S. educational system was producing mediocre results and our students were falling further behind their foreign counterparts.

ESEA of 1965

A Nation At Risk

(Reagan Admin.)

The National Education Summit

(1989, Pres. Bush)

Comprised of 50 governors who convened to reach consensus regarding the state of education in the U. S. and the need for a national strategy to address the problems with public school education.• Eight educational goals were developed to be achieved by the year 2000 (page 148, Figure 7.1)This council was eventually disbanded because of opposition in Congress.

The History of Federal Involvement in Education: From Assistance to Accountability

IASA: Focuses on states developing challenging academic standards, creating and aligning assessments for all students, holding schools accountable for results, and increasing aid to high-poverty schools.

NAEP: known as the nation’s report card• Provides information about subject matter achievement, characteristics of

the student population, instructional experiences, and characteristics of the school environment for populations of students

Improving America’s

Schools Act (1994)

National Assessment of

Educational Progress

No Child Left Behind Act

(2001)http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8EOrlOKkZq4

The Purpose, Goals and Structure of NCLBPurpose Goals Structure

Ensure that students in every public school achieve important learning goals while being educated in safe classrooms by highly qualified teachers:

All students: Will be proficient or

better in Reading and Math by 2013-2014 school year.

Will be taught by highly qualified teachers by school year 2005-2006.

Will be educated in schools that are safe, drug free, and conducive to learning.

LEP students: achieve English proficiency

Graduate from high school.

Title I: Improving the academic achievement of the disadvantagedTitle II: Preparing Training and Recruiting High Quality Teachers and PrincipalsTitle III: Language Instruction for Limited English Proficient and Immigrant StudentsTitle IV: 21st Century SchoolsTitle V: Promoting Informed Parents Title VI: Flexibility and Accountability

The Purpose, Goals and Structure of NCLBPurpose Goals Structure

Ensure that students in every public school achieve important learning goals while being educated in safe classrooms by highly qualified teachers:

All students: Will be proficient or

better in Reading and Math by 2013-2014 school year.

Will be taught by highly qualified teachers by school year 2005-2006.

Will be educated in schools that are safe, drug free, and conducive to learning.

LEP students: achieve English proficiency

Will graduate from high school.

Title VII: Indian, Native Hawaiian, and Alaska Native EducationTitle VIII: Impact Aid ProgramTitle IX: General ProvisionsTitle X: Repeals, Redesignation, and Amendments to Other Statutes

(Page 152, Table 7.1)

The Major Principles of NCLB: Accountability for Results

The law requires states to identify the most important academic content for students to learn and then assess students to determine if they are learning the content

Statewide Standards

•Establish their own standards of what students should know and be able to do•Provide guidelines to schools, parents, and communities that tell them what achievement is expected of all students

Statewide Assessment

s

•Implement a statewide assessment system that is aligned to the state standards in Reading/LA, Math, and eventually Science•Statewide Assessments and Students with Disabilities•Alternate Assessments

Adequate

Yearly Progr

ess

•Economically disadvantaged, diverse racial and ethnic groups, students with disabilities, LEP students•AYP and the Safe Harbor Provisions•AYP and Students with Disabilities

Reading First Initiative• It focuses on reading instruction that is supported by

scientifically based reading research,• Provides a large amount of money that states can receive to

provide training to teachers and to implement professional development activities,

• Emphasizes early identification of children at risk for reading failure so that effective early instruction can be provided.

The Major Principles of NCLB: Scientifically Based Instruction

Training and Professional Development- grounded in scientifically based research- all activities must be linked to raising instructional quality- activities: high-quality, sustained, and intense, and have a classroom focus

Paraprofessionals- high school diploma or recognized equivalency- completed at least 2 years of college or an associate’s degree- performing adequately on a designated state test

Highly Qualified Teachers- Bachelor’s Degree- Full state certification as a special education teacher OR passed the state exam (Spec. Ed.) & must hold a state license to teach as a Spec. Ed teacher- Must pass a state-administered test of subject knowledge and teaching skill to demonstrate competency in the core academic subjects- Emergency, temporary, or provisional permits are not recognize nor allowed

•The Major Principles of NCLB: Highly Qualified Teachers and Paraprofessionals

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cepVB66FeYo

•The Reauthorization of the ESEA

References:

2001: Bush touts 'No Child Left Behind'. (2011, September 23). YouTube. Retrieved April 1, 2014,

from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8EOrlOKkZq4

Pr. Obama: OVERHAUL "NO CHILD LEFT BEHIND". (2010, March 13). YouTube. Retrieved April 9, 2014,

from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cepVB66FeYo

Yell, M. (2012). The Elementary and Secondary Education Act. The Law and Special Education (Third Edition ed., pp. 145-177).

Upper Saddle River: Pearson.