Presented By Gene Krzywinski, Co-Founder and CTO

eIQ Energy, Inc. 6389 San Ignacio Ave, San Jose, CA 95119 www.eiqenergy.com genek@eiqenergy.com

IS

eIQ addresses the Labor, Cables, Eng & PM by directly

reducing those costs

Reduces

Improves

Simplifies

Reduces

Module Electrical Balance Of Systems

Inverter

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•• yield variances,

degradation or dirt build-up

•

Input from PV module

Input from previous vBoost

Output to next vBoost

Real-time MPPT µP

DC Boost Power Stage

Comm System PLC DC High Voltage Bus

Blocking Diode

CEC Efficiency Curves Peak Efficiency: 98.3%

• Each vBoost operates independently from the other vBoost's DC Buss runs through each vBoost • Inverter sets the optimum input voltage (fixed voltage mode) • Panels can mismatched – different power on same DC Buss • vBoost's self level to provide inverter set voltage IR drops automatically accounted for

Conventional Series Strings

Panels and strings must match

Weakest panel sets performance

Panel voltage drives system design

Centrally set operating point

40v 80v 120v 160v 200v 240v 280v 320v

Design limits: 7 more panels

600V Limit 3,600W

eIQ Parallel DC

No matching or balancing required

Each panel is independent

Site conditions drive system design

Each panel is optimized Design limits: 32 more panels

30A Limit 9,600W

0.75A 1.5A 2.25A 3.0A 3.75A 4.5A 5.25A 6.0A

Conventional Series Strings eIQ Parallel DC

Panels and strings must match No matching or balancing required

Weakest panel sets performance Each panel is independent

Panel voltage drives system design Site conditions drive system design

Centrally set operating point Each panel is optimized

40v 80v 120v 160v 200v 240v 280v 320v

Design limits: 7 more panels

600V Limit 3,600W

Design limits: 32 more panels

30A Limit 9,600W

0.75A 1.5A 2.25A 3.0A 3.75A 4.5A 5.25A 6.0A

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►Current

Parallel Branches and Trunks optimize current →  More PV panels per conductor

40-50 Panels #10 wire

160-200 Panels #4 wire

Parallel Branch

Parallel Trunk

EIQ CONFIDENTIAL

Pow

er

vBoost Output Voltage

0

Max

290Vdc >400Vdc

Power is output from 290Vdc to ~400Vdc vBoost is in Standby Mode

• The output of the vBoost is unregulated and follows the load (inverter). There is no communication to the vBoost to set its output voltage.

• The load can either be a fixed voltage or a narrow (~5V) MPPT window • If the load voltage exceeds 400Vdc then the vBoosts internal overvoltage protection is enabled

and the vBoosts go into Standby Mode at ~410V (but no power). • The vBoost’s output voltage is self leveling and compensates for line losses (IR drops)

EIQ CONFIDENTIAL

From  a  Single  Block…..

….To  a  1.2MW  Layout Click &Repeat design Plug & Play installation

(80 Panels connected with 20 vB|350 and 1 vB|250)

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Communications Section

125A Fused Recombiner

180kW to Inverter

Cx Silicon 1:1

Cx Silicon 2:1 (in series)

Thin Film 4:1

(in parallel)

Multiple technologies on a single branch and/or trunk All feeding the same inverter

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5.0kW CIS 12.8kW x-Si 6.4kW CIS 26.4kW CdTe

1-DC Buss into A Single 50.4 kW Inverter

• 680kW – Single Inverter • Multiple Orientations  and  “islands”  of  power  – branches and islands simply added to

DC Buss • Conductors sized as needed • Combined ground, roof, and trellis mount • Project costs: larger inverter, less wiring and full utilization of site characteristics

PV Arrays

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Less Predictable

Shading

Soiling

Local Climate

Degradation

Mismatch

Breakage

Hotspots

Faults

Predictable

PLoss=I2R/ft X Distance

Inverter and Electronics Efficiency

Irradiance

eIQ Monitoring provides data for modeling system performance and O&M fault alert

and analysis

Source: Meteronorm

BP Solar

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0.0%

20.0%

40.0%

60.0%

80.0%

100.0%

120.0%

140.0%

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

Jan-12 Feb-12 Mar-12 Apr-12 May-12

Pvsyst Projected output * (kWh) Actual AC outut vBoost Performance Index

Inverter: SMA Sunnyboy 3000 Modules: Sharp Chrystaline 185W Orientation: 180 degrees due South Measurement Technique: Power Transducer via National Instruments A/D converter into a Labview Data Analyzer

Series Array vBoost Array

Series 7.899 kWh _____ vBoost 10.454 kWh _____ Light Level _____

Series 7.899 kWh ______ vBoost 10.454 kWh ______

Series 8.467 kWh ______ vBoost 10.967 kWh ______

Series 8.606 kWh ______ vBoost 10.758 kWh ______

Series 8.149 kWh ______ vBoost 10.763 kWh ______

Series Array vBoost Array

Series 8.9 kWh _____ vBoost 9.6 kWh _____ Light Level _____

Series Array vBoost Array

Series 8.42 kWh _____ vBoost 9.61 kWh _____ Light Level _____

30% light filter

Interlaced Side by Side

Performance Challenge

Operating Advantage

Comment

Typical installation 6% Typical operating conditions, minor shading

Multi-Facing Roof Installation

30% Allows larger installations on varying roof orientations

Cloudy Climates 7.5% DC:DC minimizes impacts of varying light conditions

Effects of aging, soiling, environmental conditions

14% Optimization of each DC:DC boost system minimizes negative impact of module issues

Shaded Conditions 35% Shade challenged sites show dramatically better performance with DC:DC

Cost Savings Per Watt Design $0.05 to $0.10 BOS Hardware $0.10 to $0.50 Inverter $0.05 to $0.20 Total Cost Savings $0.20 to %0.50+ eIQ System Cost $0.30 NET COST REDUCTION Up to $0.20+

Distributed MPPT Monitoring/Reporting Safety/Arc Fault Inverter Stability Future Proof Panel Replacement

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LV, EMC Directives

C US LV / EMC Directives

UL1741 IEEE 1547.1 FCC Part 15, Class B PV Module Connector: NEC2008 MC3/MC4 vBoost Bus Connector: NEC 2008 40A

EN60950 EN61000 NEMA Type 4 / IP66

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Complete Electrical BOS from Panel to Inverter Project Cost Reduced: Hardware – Wiring, Combiners, Conduit, Single Inverter Labor – Plug & Play, Electrically unskilled can install Design – No String Matching, Mix Technologies/Sizes Reduced Annual Operating Expenses Predictive Preventive Maintenance Panel Level Monitoring – not an additional cost Increased Energy Production Panel Level MPPT Stable Voltage Into Inverter Approved Component – Walsh Carter SolarShieldTM Performance Guarantee

•• Reduce combiner box and conductor costs – no more home runs

• Reduce cost of installation labor

•

• No more strings to design or build, no matching required - Iterate designs quickly and easily

• Locate panels where desired, no more string or shade considerations

•• Multiple PV technologies can feed a single central inverter for optimum cost/watt

• Inverter is constantly operated at optimum efficiency

eIQ’s  Solution  costs  less  and  provides  more  than  Series  BOS

Energy performance benefits are a bonus!

• Increased Harvest • Distributed MPPT extracts maximum energy • Shading, panel mismatch, and inter-array voltage drop is mitigated • Inverter always operates at max efficiency