presenter: date: location: duration: 60 minutes second language acquisition and second language...

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Second Language Acquisition and Second Language Learning

What is it?

Second language acquisition (SLA) is a process where a second language is learned or acquired, in addition to having a first language

How long does it take?

The length of time it takes to acquire English varies from learner to learner. It can take from “…four to seven years or more.”

(Klinger, Hoover, & Baca, 2008, 19)

What’s the difference?

There is a difference between acquisition and learning

Second Language Acquisition is a subconscious learning process

Second Language Learning involves a conscious process

Although, many in education use the two terms synonymously

Factors that influence SLA

MotivationFirst language experiencesLanguage distance and attitudeAccess to the languageAge of acquisitionPersonality and learning stylesPeers and role modelsQuality of instruction

How does motivation impact SLA?

Directions: THINK, PAIR, SHARE

1. Think how this factor impacts SLA

2 Pair up with a partner and exchange your ideas

3 Share your ideas with the whole group

Motivation Motivation comes in two forms; integrative or instrumental

Integrative ELL’s positive attitude towards native-English speakers ELL’s aspirations to become a member of the English speaking

community ELLs will find more success when want to integrate into the new

target society, Linked to long-term success in ELLs

Instrumental Tied to a social or economic reward for learning English Often times with little social integration ELL is trying to gain something practical or concrete from

learning English

Both integrative of instrumental motivations contribute to successful development of English language proficiency

How does first language experience impact SLA?





First Language Experiences

First language can impact the learning of English vocabulary, pronunciation, and grammar, as well as

language structure and usePositive transfer can increase the rate at which

English is learnedNegative transfer can impede its growthNative language proficiency can affect

acquisition of EnglishThe more academic knowledge and the more

proficiency ELLs are in their first language, will aid in learning a second language (Walqui, 2000)

How do language distance and attitude impact SLA?





Language distance and attitude

Depending on their native language, ELLs may have an easier or more difficult time learning English

The more similar English is to the ELL’s native language, the

easier time they will have learning the language

The ELL’s language attitudes toward school, peers, and the community can effect learning English

Attitudes can have both positive and negative effects on English progress

Learning English is additive and not subtractive

It does not necessary mean losing the first language, but rather learning an additional one

How does access to the language impact SLA?





Access to the language

ELLs will have access to the language at school, but support from home will increase their success

While some educators may advocate that parents of ELLs speak English at home, it is more important for ELLs and their parents to value and maintain their native language in order to keep the lines of communication open

How does age of acquisition impact SLA?





Age of Acquisition

In general, when it comes to pronunciation, experts agree that the development of pronunciation is highly depending on the age at which the learner begins learning English

It is believed that if an ELLs learns English before puberty, the learner will attain a native-like accent, whereas ELLs who learn English after the onset of puberty, will most likely always speak English with a marked accent

How do personality and learning styles impact SLA?





Personality and Learning Styles

ELLs come from a variety of different and diverse background

Learning a second language varies greatly from individual to individual

This is due in part in individual difference in analytic orientation or global orientation

Analytically oriented ELLs will breakdown learning

English into words and sentences

Globally oriented ELLs will use patterns of the language to gain meaning

How do peers and role models impact SLA?





Peers and Role Models

ELLs in their teens will be strongly influenced by their peers in order to establish a sense of belonging

It is essential for ELLs to have role models who are

both positive and realistic that demonstrate successful bilingualism

This connection can also be made through literature and personal experiences

Role models will aid the ELL in developing an understanding of their own successes and challenges

How does quality of instruction impact SLA?





Quality of Instruction

ELLs are not learning English from memorization or drills

ELLs learn through meaningful interaction inside and outside of the classroom

Although teachers cannot control the interaction outside of the

classroom

In the class, teachers can foster the growth and development of their English language learning through their own instruction in the classroom

They can create a classroom environment that the rich in

language and collaborative in nature, rather than rely on lecture and recitation during instructional activities

Copyright © 2013, Holly S. Hudspath-Niemi and Mary Lou Conroy. From Implementing Response-to-Intervention to Address the Needs of English-Language Learners: Instructional Strategies and Assessment Tools for School Psychologists, by Holly S. Hudspath-Niemi and Mary Lou Conroy (2013). New York: Routledge.

presenter: date: location: duration: 60 minutes second language acquisition and second language...

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