pressure vessels (att. viii)

7/26/2019 Pressure Vessels (Att. VIII)

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ATTACHMENT VIII TO SAIRs GUIDELINES

SOME EQUIPMENT BASIC CONCEPTS

Pressure Vessel Basic Concepts

CONTENTS PAGE

MAIN COMPONENTS OF PRESSURE VESSELS 2

PRIMARY PROCESS FUNCTIONS OF PRESSURE VESSELS.. 10

FABRICATION 13Welding Fnd!"en#!l$. 13

TOLERANCES. 21

INSPECTION % TESTS REE&UIREMENTS.2'APPLICABLE CO(ES AN( STAN(AR(S . 3)

SOME INSPECTION % TESTS PLANS REE&UIREMENTS... 3)

*LOSSARY ..3+


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MAIN COMPONENTS OF PRESSURE VESSELSP,e$$,e -e$$el$ !,e /n#!ine,$ /, lid$ #!# !,e nde, ,e$$,e. Te e#,/le" !nd

e#,/e"i!l ind$#, $e$ ,e$$,e -e$$el$ in !ll $#!ge$ / #e ,/e$$ing le. Wi#in

#e ,/e$$ing le4 ,e$$,e -e$$el$ /n-e,# ,de /il /, e#,/e"i!l eed$#/5$ in#/$el ,/d#$4 $ !$ g!$/line4 die$el el4 /, 6e# el. Ti$ /n-e,$i/n ,/e$$ #!5e$

l!e !# ele-!#ed ,e$$,e !nd #e"e,!#,e le-el$ !nd /#en in #e ,e$ene / ! !#!l$#.

S!di A,!"/ !l$/ $e$ ,e$$,e -e$$el$ e7#en$i-el #/ ,/de ,de /il4 #/ "!n!#,e

/il ,/d#$4 #/ /e,!#e #ili#ie$4 !nd #/ $#/,e ,/d#$.

P,e$$,e -e$$el$ !-e die,en# !,!#e,i$#i$4 !nd #e !,e #i!ll $#/"8de$igned /,

!,#il!, $e,-ie !li!#i/n$. L!,ge -e$$el$ #!# !,e $ed in ,eine, ,/e$$e$ "! 9e :

" ;30 #.< /, "/,e in di!"e#e, !nd /-e, =0 " ;200 #.< in eig#. Ti!l ,e$$,e$ /,S!di A,!"/ !li!#i/n$ ,!nge ,/" 103 5P! ;g!< ;1) $ig < #/ 3' '>0 5P! ;g!< ;) 000

$ig


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/,i/n#!l (," /n S!ddle S/,#$

Figure 1

Fig,e 2 $/?$ ! $"!ll -e,#i!l d,". S"!ll -e,#i!l d,"$ !,e n/,"!ll l/!#ed !# g,!de.Te "!7i"" $ell leng#8#/8di!"e#e, ,!#i/ /, ! $"!ll -e,#i!l d," i$ !9/# )1.

8 3 8


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Ve,#i!l (," /n Leg S/,#$

Figure 2

Fig,e 3 $/?$ ! #i!l ig4 -e,#i!l #/?e,. ig -e,#i!l #/?e,$ !,e /n$#,#ed in !?ide ,!nge / $ell di!"e#e,$ !nd eig#$. T/?e,$ !n 9e ,el!#i-el $"!ll in di!"e#e, !nd

-e, ig ;/, e7!"le4 ! 1.2 " D' #. di!"e#e, !nd =0 " D200 #. ig di$#ill!#i/n

/l"n


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ig Ve,#i!l T/?e,

Figure 3

Te $ell / ! #/?e, ?ill /#en !-e "l#ile di!"e#e,$ in /,de, #/ "ee# !,#il!, ,/e$$

need$. Te #,!n$i#i/n 9e#?een $ell $e#i/n$ / die,en# di!"e#e,$ i$ !ie-ed #,/g #e

$e / ! /ni!l $ell $e#i/n4 !$ $/?n in Fig,e 3. A #/?e, #i!ll !l$/ /n#!in$in#e,n!l #,!$ in #e lind,i!l $ell $e#i/n. Te$e in#e,n!l #,!$4 ?i !,e !l$/ $/?n

in Fig,e 34 !,e needed /, l/? di$#,i9#i/n. Se-e,!l #e$ / #/?e, #,!$ !,e !-!il!9le4

$ !$ #e 999le8!4 -!l-e4 $ie-e4 !nd !5ed.

Te /ie / #e #,! #e #!# i$ $ed i$ 9!$ed /n #e !,#il!, ,/e$$ !li!#i/n.

B99le8! #,!$ !,e e,/,!#ed #/ !ll/? liid #/ ,n #,/g #e #,! !nd d/?n #/ #e

9/##/" / #e #/?e,. V!/,$ ,i$e #,/g #e #,! e,/,!#i/n$ #/ ige, #/?e,ele-!#i/n$. Te e,/,!#i/n$ in #e #,!$ !,e "!de ?i# "9,ell!8li5e !$ /-e, #e"4

!lled 999le8!$. Te ,/$e / #e 999le8!$ i$ #/ /,e #e ,i$ing -!/,$ #/ 999le

8 ) 8


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#,/g #e liid #!# i$ ,e$en# /n e! #,! 9e/,e #e -!/,$ "/-e #/ #e #,! !# #e

ne7# ige, #/?e, ele-!#i/n.

V!l-e #,!$ !,e !l$/ e,/,!#edG /?e-e,4 #ei, e,/,!#i/n$ !,e /-e,ed 9 di$5$.

Te di$5$ !,e de$igned #/ ,i$e /, !ll in /,de, #/ /en /, l/$e #e e,/,!#i/n /ening$

deending /n #e lid l/? ,!#e$ !,/$$ #e #,!$.

Sie-e #,!$ !nd !5ed #,!$ e! e"l/ ill "!#e,i!l #/ /n#,/l #e l/? / liid !nd

-!/, #,/g #e !,e! / #e #,!. Te ill "!#e,i!l "! 9e /"/$ed / /"/nen#$$ !$ g,!#ing4 $,een4 ?i,e "e$4 /, "e#!lli ,ing$.

Te $ell $e#i/n$ / ! ig #/?e, !n 9e /n$#,#ed / die,en# "!#e,i!l$4 #i5ne$$e$4

!nd di!"e#e,$. All/$4 /, ! /,,/$i/n8,e$i$#!n# lining4 !,e $/"e#i"e$ $ed in -e,#i!l#/?e, $e#i/n$ ?e,e /,,/$i/n i$ ! ,i#i!l !#/,. I #e,e i$ ! "!6/, !nge in #e

/,,/$i-ene$$ / #e ,/e$$ lid in die,en# #/?e, $e#i/n$4 #?/ die,en# "!#e,i!l$ "!

9e $ed in #e /n$#,#i/n / #e -e,#i!l #/?e,. T?/ !#/,$ #!# !e# #e /,,/$i-ene$$

/ #e ,/e$$ lid !,e #e"e,!#,e !nd !$e !nge$ ;liid -e,$$ -!/,< / #e,/e$$ lid. B/# !#/,$ -!, !l/ng #e #/?e,H$ leng#.

Te #i5ne$$ / indi-id!l $ell $e#i/n$ / ! ig #/?e, !n -!, !l/ng #e #/?e,H$leng#. Ti$ -!,i!#i/n in #i5ne$$ i$ de #/ !nge$ in de$ign /ndi#i/n$4 e7#e,n!l l/!d$4

/, "!#e,i!l.

Fig,e$ ' i$ ! #i!l ,e!#/, -e$$el ?i# ! lind,i!l $ell. Ti$ lind,i!l #e /

-e,#i!l ,e!#/, /#en !$ #?/ in#e,n!l !#!l$# 9ed$. Te e, !#!l$# 9ed i$ $/,#ed

9 ! $#,#,!l g,id #!# i$ $/,#ed ,/" #e in$ide / #e lind,i!l $ell.

8 = 8


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Ve,#i!l Re!#/,Figure 4

8 > 8


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Fig,e ) $/?$ ! ,e$$,ied $#/,!ge -e$$el ?i# ! $e,i!l $ell.

Se,i!l P,e$$,ied S#/,!ge Ve$$el

Figure 5

Hea

All ,e$$,e -e$$el $ell$ "$# 9e l/$ed !# #e end$ 9 e!d$ ;/, !n/#e, $ell $e#i/n


9/42

N/le$ "! 9e $ed /, #e /ll/?ing !li!#i/n$

A##!ing iing $$#e"$ #!# !,e $ed /, l/? in#/ /, /# / #e -e$$el.

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g!ge$.

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e7!nge,.N/le$ "! ,!nge in di!"e#e, ,/" ! 1: "" ;0.>) in.< in$#,"en# /nne#i/n #/ -e,

l!,ge di!"e#e, ,/e$$ n/le$.

Te n/le end$ !,e $!ll l!nged #/ !ll/? /, #e nee$$!, /nne#i/n$ !nd #/ e,"i#e!$ di$!$$e"9l /, "!in#en!ne /, !e$$. Welded n/le /nne#i/n$ !,e $/"e#i"e$

$ed #/ ,e-en# l!nge le!5!ge4 #i!ll in ig ,e$$,e !nd/, ig #e"e,!#,e

!li!#i/n$4 ?e,e le!5!ge /ld 9e e$ei!ll d!nge,/$. N/le$ !,e !l$/ $/"e#i"e$e7#ended in#/ #e -e$$el in#e,i/, /, $/"e !li!#i/n$4 $ !$ /, inle# l/? di$#,i9#i/n

/, in /,de, #/ e,"i# #e en#, / #e,"/ ?ell$.

Fig,e$ 1 #,/g ' $/? n/le$ #!# en#e, ,e$$,e -e$$el$ #,/g #e $ell /, e!d$.

Su##!r$

Te #e / $/,# #!# i$ $ed /, ! ,e$$,e -e$$el deend$ ,i"!,il /n #e $ie !nd

/,ien#!#i/n / #e ,e$$,e -e$$el. In !ll !$e$4 #e ,e$$,e -e$$el $/,#$ "$# 9e

!de!#e /, #e !lied ?eig#4 ?ind4 !nd e!,#!5e l/!d$. Te de$ign ,e$$,e / #e-e$$el i$ n/# ! /n$ide,!#i/n in #e de$ign / #e $/,#$4 $ine #e $/,#$ !,e n/#

$96e#ed #/ #e de$ign ,e$$,e. Te"e,!#,e "! 9e ! /n$ide,!#i/n in $/,# de$ign

,/" #e $#!nd/in# / "!#e,i!l $ele#i/n !nd ,/-i$i/n /, die,en#i!l #e,"!l e7!n$i/n.

Sale Su##!r$%

/,i/n#!l d," ,e$$,e -e$$el$4 !$ $/?n in Fig,e 14 !,e #i!ll $/,#ed !# #?/

l/!#i/n$ 9 $!ddle $/,#$. A $!ddle $/,# $,e!d$ #e ?eig# l/!d /-e, ! l!,ge !,e!/ #e $ell in /,de, #/ ,e-en# !n e7e$$i-e l/!l $#,e$$ in #e $ell !# #e $/,# /in#$.

Te $!ddle i$ #i!ll in /n#!# ?i# #e -e$$el $ell i,"e,ene /-e, ! 120@ !ngle.

Te ?id# / #e $!ddle4 !"/ng /#e, de$ign de#!il$4 i$ de#e,"ined 9 #e $eii $ie!nd de$ign /ndi#i/n$ / #e ,e$$,e -e$$el.

Leg Su##!r$%

S"!ll -e,#i!l d,"$4 !$ $/?n in Fig,e 24 !,e #i!ll $/,#ed /n leg$ #!# !,e

?elded #/ #e l/?e, /,#i/n / #e $ell. Te "!7i"" ,!#i/ / $/,# leg leng# #/d," di!"e#e, i$ #i!ll 21. Rein/,ing !d$ !nd/, ,ing$ "$# i,$# 9e ?elded #/ #e

$ell in /,de, #/ ,/-ide !ddi#i/n!l l/!l ,ein/,e"en# !nd l/!d di$#,i9#i/n in !$e$?e,e #e l/!l $ell $#,e$$e$ !,e e7e$$i-e. Te n"9e, / leg$ #!# !,e ,ei,ed deend$

/n #e d," $ie !nd #e l/!d$ #/ 9e !,,ied. S/,# leg$ !,e !l$/ #i!ll $ed /,

$e,i!l ,e$$,ied $#/,!ge -e$$el$4 !$ $/?n in Fig,e ). Te $/,# leg$ /, $"!ll-e,#i!l d,"$ !nd $e,i!l ,e$$,ied $#/,!ge -e$$el$ "! 9e "!de ,/" $#,#,!l

$#eel /l"n$ /, ie $e#i/n$4 ?ie-e, ,/-ide$ ! "/,e eiien# de$ign. C,/$$ 9,!ing

8 : 8


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9e#?een #e leg$4 !$ $/?n in Fig,e )4 i$ #i!ll $ed #/ el !9$/,9 ?ind /,

e!,#!5e l/!d$.

Lug Su##!r$%

Lg$ #!# !,e ?elded #/ #e ,e$$,e -e$$el $ell4 !$ $/?n in Fig,e =4 "! !l$/ 9e $ed

#/ $/,# -e,#i!l ,e$$,e -e$$el$. Te $e / lg$ i$ #i!ll li"i#ed #/ -e$$el$ / $"!ll#/ "edi" di!"e#e, ;0.3 #/ 3.0 " D1 #/ 10 #.< !nd "/de,!#e eig#8#/8di!"e#e, ,!#i/$ in

#e ,!nge / 21 #/ )1. Lg $/,#$ !,e /#en $ed ?i#in $#,#,!l $#eel /, -e$$el$ /

#i$ $ie ,!nge #!# !,e l/!#ed !9/-e g,!de. Te lg$ !,e #i!ll 9/l#ed #/ /,i/n#!l$#,#,!l "e"9e,$.

Ve,#i!l Ve$$el /n Lg S/,#$

Figure &

S'ir$ Su##!r$%

ig4 -e,#i!l4 lind,i!l ,e$$,e -e$$el$4 $ !$ #e #/?e, !nd ,e!#/, $/?n inFig,e$3 !nd ' ,e$e#i-el4 !,e #i!ll $/,#ed 9 "e!n$ / $5i,#$. A $/,# $5i,# i$

! lind,i!l $ell $e#i/n #!# i$ ?elded ei#e, #/ #e l/?e, /,#i/n / #e -e$$el $ell /,

#/ #e 9/##/" e!d4 in #e !$e / lind,i!l -e$$el$. S5i,#$ /, $e,i!l -e$$el$ !,e?elded #/ #e -e$$el ne!, #e "id8l!ne / #e $ell. M/$# $5i,#8$/,#ed -e$$el$ !,e

$/,#ed 9!5 #/ g,!deG /?e-e,4 $5i,#$ "! !l$/ 9e $ed /, -e$$el$ #!# !,e ele-!#ed

?i#in ! $#,#,e i i# i$ "/,e /n-enien# #/ d/ $/. In -e$$el$ #!# !,e ele-!#ed ?i#in !

$#,#,e4 #e 9/##/" / #e $5i,# ,e$#$ /n /,i/n#!l $#,#,!l "e"9e,$.

PRIMAR( PROCESS FUNCTIONS OF PRESSURE VESSELS

Ti$ $e#i/n iden#iie$ $/"e / #e #i!l ,/e$$ n#i/n$ #!# ,e$$,e -e$$el$e,/,". P,/e$$ de$ign enginee,$ !nd "e!ni!l enginee,$ "$# 5n/? /? ,e$$,e

8 10 8


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-e$$el$ !,e $ed4 !nd #e $/ld nde,$#!nd /? #e $e / ,e$$,e -e$$el$ !e#$

"e!ni!l de$ign. P,/e$$ de$ign enginee,$ "$# !l$/ nde,$#!nd #!# e,#!in

$eii!#i/n$ ?ill !$e #e "e!ni!l de$ign #/ 9e "/,e diil# /, /$#l #!nnee$$!,. Me!ni!l de$ign enginee,$ !n #en en$,e #!# #e "e!ni!l de$ign ?ill

,ele# #e ,/e, $e / #e ,e$$,e -e$$el.

Wen ,/e$$ !nd "e!ni!l de$ign enginee,$ !,e !?!,e / e! /#e,H$ need$ !nd//e,!#e in "ee#ing #e$e need$4 ! "/,e /$#8ee#i-e "e!ni!l de$ign !n 9e

de-el/ed #/ !ie-e #e ,ei,ed ,/e$$ n#i/n$. P,/e$$ de$ign enginee,$ "$# !l$/

$ei !ll #e ,/e$$ de$ign in/,"!#i/n #!# i$ ,ei,ed /, #e "e!ni!l de$ign /#e -e$$el4 $ !$ /e,!#ing ,e$$,e !nd #e"e,!#,e4 -e$$el $ie4 !nd /-e,!ll ge/"e#,.

Te "e!ni!l enginee, $e$ #i$ in/,"!#i/n /, #e de#!iled -e$$el de$ign.

Flui Se#ara$i!)

Flid $e!,!#i/n ,ei,e$ #e $e / ei#e, /,i/n#!l /, -e,#i!l d,"$4 $ !$ #/$e

d,"$ #!# !,e $/?n in Fig,e$ 1 /, 2. Te need$ / ! !,#il!, ,/e$$ de#e,"ine$ #e

-e$$el /,ien#!#i/n #!# i$ $ed. A lid $e!,!#i/n d," $e!,!#e$ #?/ liid$ #!# !-e

die,en# den$i#ie$4 /, $e!,!#e$ ! -!/, ,/" ! liid. A d,"H$ in#e,n!l de$ign de#!il$4$ !$ $,een$4 9!le$4 !nd di$#,i9#i/n ie$4 !ili#!#e #e $e!,!#i/n ,/e$$. *!$/il

$e!,!#i/n l!n#$ ;*OSP$< $e l!,ge /,i/n#!l d,"$ !$ ,/d#i/n #,!$4 ded,!#/,$4de$!l#e,$4 !nd $lg !#e,$. S/"e i"/,#!n# "e!ni!l de$ign /n$ide,!#i/n$ in #e$e

!li!#i/n$ inlde #e #e !nd ?eig# / in#e,n!l /"/nen#$4 "!7i"" liid le-el4

!nd liid $eii g,!-i#.

Fil$ra$i!)

S/"e d,"$4 $ !$ in Fig,e$ 1 /, 24 $e,-e !$ il#e,$. In #i$ !$e4 ! /,/$ "edi" i$

in$#!lled in$ide #e d,"4 !nd #e ,/e$$ lid !$$e$ /-e, i#. Te #e !nd ?eig# /in#e,n!l$4 "!7i"" liid le-el4 liid $eii g,!-i#4 #e e7e#ed ,e$$,e d,/4 !nd

#e il#,!#i/n "edi" den$i#4 "$# !ll 9e $eiied in /,de, #/ /"le#e #e "e!ni!l

de$ign / #e -e$$el in#e,n!l$ !nd /-e,!ll -e$$el $/,#.

*i%$illa$i!)

A ig #/?e, $!ll $e!,!#e$ ! d,/!,9/n $#,e!" in#/ die,en# ,!#i/n$. Te$e,!#i/n!#ed $#,e!"$ !,e $ed !# /#e, $#!ge$ in #e ,/e$$ $$#e". Se!,!#i/n $e$ !

di$#ill!#i/n ,/e$$ #!# i$ 9!$ed /n #e die,en# 9/iling /in#$ / d,/!,9/n ,!#i/n$.

T,!$ ;$ !$ #/$e $/?n in Fig,e 3< /, !5ing "!#e,i!l$ /n#,/l #e l/? di$#,i9#i/n

!nd -el/i# !nd !id #e $e!,!#i/n ,/e$$. A #e"e,!#,e g,!dien# e7i$#$ !l/ng #eleng# / #e #/?e,4 !nd #e 9/##/" / #e #/?e, i$ /##e, #!n #e #/. N/,"!ll liid i$

!# #e 9/##/" / #e #/?e, !nd -!/, i$ !# #e #/. Liid4 liid-!/,4 /, -!/, $#!#e$

e7i$# !l/ng #e leng# / #e #/?e,. N/le$4 #!# !,e l/!#ed !# $e-e,!l /in#$ !l/ng #e#/?e,4 e7#,!# #e lid !# ! !,#il!, ele-!#i/n ;#!# i$4 !# ! e,#!in #e"e,!#,e !nd

,e$$,e le-el< /, $e in /#e, ,/e$$ing $#!ge$. Te "/$# $ignii!n# "e!ni!l de$ign

,ei,e"en#$ #!# !,e de#e,"ined 9 #e ,/e$$ ,el!#e #/ ,e$$,e4 #e"e,!#,e4 !nd"!#e,i!l $ele#i/n. O#e, "e!ni!l de$ign !#/,$ #/ /n$ide, !,e !$ /ll/?$

Weig# / #/?e, in#e,n!l /"/nen#$

Oe,!#ing #e"e,!#,e -!,i!#i/n$ !l/ng #e leng# / #e #/?e,

(e$ign ,e$$,e in #e -!/, $!e !9/-e #e liid

8 11 8


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Weig# / #e $#/,ed liid

d,/$#!#i e!d / #e liid

Surge A+%!r#$i!)

Ve,#i!l /, /,i/n#!l d,"$4 $ !$ #e d,"$ $/?n in Fig,e$ 1 /, 24 "! 9e $ed #/

!9$/,9 liid l/? /, ,e$$,e $,ge$ #!# !,e !$ed 9 $#,e!" $#!ge$ / #e ,/e$$$$#e". I ! d," i$ $ed #/ !9$/,9 $,ge$4 #e /e,!#ing liid le-el !nd/, ,e$$,e in#e d," "! -!, /-e, ! ,el!#i-el ?ide ,!ngeG /?e-e,4 #e d," ,e-en#$ #e$e

,/e$$ -!,i!#i/n$ ,/" !e#ing d/?n$#,e!" ei"en#. A $,ge !9$/,#i/n d," i$

in#ended #/ ,/de "/,e $#!9le /e,!#i/n$ !nd eli"in!#e #e need #/ de$ign d/?n$#,e!"ei"en# #/ !9$/,9 #e$e ,/e$$ -!,i!#i/n$. I# $/ld 9e n/#ed #!# S!di A,!"/ !$

n"e,/$ in$#!lled ,e$$,e -e$$el$ ;!,#il!,l in in$#,"en# !i, $$#e"$< #!# !,e

$e,-ing !$ J,e$$,e ,e$e,-/i,$4J !nd #!# #e !,e in/,,e#l ,ee,,ed #/ !$ J$,ge #!n5$.J

S$ea, Ge)era$i!)

A $#e!" d," i$ $!ll /,i/n#!l4 !$ $/?n in Fig,e 14 !nd gene,!#e$ $#e!" ,/"

?!#e, !# ! $eiied ,e$$,e !nd #e"e,!#,e. A#e, eed?!#e, en#e,$ #e $#,e!" d,"4 #e#e"e,!#,e4 ,e$$,e4 !nd lid i,l!#i/n en$,e #!# $!#,!#i/n /ndi#i/n$ !,e

"!in#!ined in #e d,"4 ?i !$e$ #e ?!#e, #/ 9/il. Te $#e!" #!# i$ gene,!#ed i$

,e"/-ed 9 /ne /, "/,e n/le$ #!# !,e l/!#ed !# #e #/ / #e d,".

C!)-er%i!)

Re!#/,$ /n-e,# /ne d,/!,9/n /," in#/ !n/#e, d,/!,9/n /," #!# i$ ,ei,ed !#! l!#e, $#!ge / #e ,/e$$ing /e,!#i/n. A e"i!l ,e!#i/n e,/,"$ #i$ /n-e,$i/n

in$ide #e ,e!#/,. Te e"i!l ,e!#i/n n/,"!ll #!5e$ l!e in #e ,e$ene / !

!#!l$#. (eending /n #e ,/e$$4 /e,!#ing #e"e,!#,e$ !n ,e! )3+@C ;1 000@F< /,

"/,e !# ,e$$,e$ /-e, = +:) 5P! ;1 000 $ig


13/42

$/,e. A ,e$$,e -e$$el ,!#e, #!n ! $#/,!ge #!n5 i$ $ed in $i#!#i/n$ ?e,e #e

,ei,ed de$ign ,e$$,e e7eed$ 103 5P! ;1) $ig


14/42

T?/ #e$ / /?e, $lie$ !,e $ed /, !, ?elding #e di,e# ,,en# ;d< gene,!#/,

!nd #e !l#e,n!#ing ,,en# ;!< #,!n$/,"e,. Te /ie / /?e, $l deend$ /n #e!,#il!, ?elding #!# i$ #/ 9e d/ne.

Reg!,dle$$ / #e /?e, $/,e #!# i$ $ed4 #e ele#,i !, #!# i$ ,/ded $e,-e$ #e$!"e ,/$e i# ,/de$ e!# #/ "el# #e "e#!l. Te #?/ iee$ / "e#!l #!# !,e #/ 9e

6/ined !,e l!ed $ #!# #e !,e ne!,l #/ing. Te !, ,/" #e ele#,/de i$

di,e#ed !# #e 6n#i/n / #e #?/ iee$. Ti$ !, !$e$ #e edge$ / 9/# iee$ #/ "el#.Te "/l#en /,#i/n$ / #e iee$ l/? #/ge#e, !l/ng ?i# "/l#en /,#i/n$ / #e

ele#,/de. A$ #e !, /l"n i$ "/-ed !l/ng #e 6/in#4 #e "/l#en "!#e,i!l $/lidiie$. Te

#?/ iee$ !,e #en 6/ined ?i# ! /"9in!#i/n / ele#,/de "e#!l !nd 9!$e "e#!l. Te

"/l#en //l / ?eld "e#!l ,e!e$ ! #e"e,!#,e / !,/7i"!#el 1)3=@C 2+00@F


15/42

!n 9e di-ided in#/ #,ee 9!$i #e$ ?i !ll /, die,en# de$ign "e#/d$. Te$e ?eld

#e$ !,e g,//-e4 ille#4 !nd lg

N/#e #!#4 in $/"e !$e$4 ! gi-en 6/in# #e "! e"l/ /nl /ne ?eld #e4 $ !$ #e

g,//-e ?eld #!# i$ $ed in #e 9## 6/in#. O#e, 6/in# #e$ "! e"l/ #?/ ?eld #e$4

$ !$ #e g,//-e !nd ille# ?eld$ #!# !,e $ed in #e /,ne, 6/in#.

Te /ie / #e 6/in# !nd ?eld #e #!# i$ #/ 9e $ed in e! !$e deend$ /n #e

/ll/?ing

S!di A,!"/ !nd ASME C/de ,ei,e"en#$.

Te ge/"e#,i ,el!#i/n$i 9e#?een #e !,#$ #!# !,e 9eing 6/ined !nd #e !e$$

#!# i$ !-!il!9le /, ?elding.

E/n/"i /n$ide,!#i/n$.

*,//-e ?eld$ !,e $9di-ided 9!$ed /n #e $!e / #e edge$ / #e g,//-e ?eld$. B##8

/, #ee8#e 6/in#$ ?i# V /, d/9le89e-el g,//-e ?eld$ !,e #e "/$# /""/n ?eld 6/in#

#e$ #!# !,e $ed in ,e$$,e -e$$el !9,i!#i/n. F/, e7!"le4 9##8#e 6/in#$ !,e $ed#/ 6/in ,e$$,e -e$$el $ell !nd e!d l!#e $e#i/n$ #/ge#e,. Tee8#e 6/in#$ !,e $ed #/

6/in n/le$ #/ $ell /, e!d $e#i/n$. Te edge$ / #e iee$ #!# !,e #/ 9e 6/ined !,e #

,/" #ei, ini#i!ll $lied $#,!ig# /nig,!#i/n in#/ $/"e /," / 9e-el. Te # edge$!,e !lled Jedge ,e!,!#i/n.J Te ,i"!, ,e$$,e /n#!ining ?eld$ in ,e$$,e -e$$el$

"$# 9e de$igned /, ll ene#,!#i/n ;#!# i$4 #e ?eld ene#,!#e$ #,/g #e /"le#e

#i5ne$$ / #e "e#!l$ #!# !,e 6/ined< !nd /, ll $i/n ;#!# i$4 #e ?eld "e#!l i$/"le#el $ed #/ #e 9!$e "e#!l !nd #/ i#$el #,/g/# #e ll #i5ne$$


16/42

/"/nen#$ !,e 9eing 6/ined4 #e #/#!l ?eld /$# i$ le$$ /, ! K8 /, U8g,//-e de #/ #e

,eded !#!l ?elding #i"e !nd "!#e,i!l.

Te $#,eng# / ! g,//-e ?eld i$ 9!$ed /n #e /ll/?ing

C,/$$8$e#i/n!l !,e! #!# i$ $96e# #/ $e!,4 #en$i/n4 /, /",e$$i/n.

All/?!9le $#,e$$ / #e ?eld "e#!l ;?i i$ ne!,l !l?!$ #e $!"e !$ #!# / #e!,#$ #!# !,e #/ 9e 6/ined


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$eii!#i/n / 6/in# #e !nd deg,ee / in$e#i/n /, e,#!in ?elded ,e$$,e8/n#!ining

6/in#$. Te ASME C/de $eiie$4 in T!9le UW8124 #e ?eld 6/in# #e$ #!# "! 9e $ed

in e! C!#eg/,. Te /ll/?ing !,e e7!"le$ / $eii!#i/n$ in T!9le UW812

B##?elded 6/in#$ #!# !,e "!de 9 d/9le8?elding ;i.e.4 ?elded ,/" 9/# $ide$) !,dne$$ le-el$ !nd #e$#

,ei,e"en#$. !,dne$$ #e$#ing i$ ,ei,ed /, #i$ !li!#i/n $ine !,d ?eld$ !,e

,/ne #/ ,!5ing in $/, $e,-ie. One / #e e7e"#i/n$ ,/" !,dne$$ #e$#ing i$ i

!ll -e$$el in#e,n!l $,!e$ !,e l!d /, ?eld8/-e,l!id ?i# !$#eni#i $#!inle$$ $#eel /,ni5el89!$ed !ll/$. In #i$ !$e4 #e l!dding /, /-e,l! $ield$ #e e,,i#i 9!$e l!#e

,/" #e $/, lid. P!,#i!l /, /"le#e $#,i lining4 !,#i!l l!dding4 /, !,#i!l/-e,l!$ !,e n/# e7e"# ,/" !,dne$$ #e$#ing. An/#e, e7e"#i/n ,/" !,dne$$

#e$#ing i$ i #e ?eld ,/ed,e i$ $ed /nl /, e7#e,n!l $#,#,!l !##!"en#$ !nd #e

-e$$el ?!ll !# #e !##!"en# /in# i$ !# le!$# 2) "" ;1.0 in.< #i5. In #i$ !$e4 #e?eld A ?ill n/# e7#end #/ #e -e$$el in$ide $,!e !nd #$ ?ill n/# 9e !e#ed 9

#e $/, lid.

Te ?eld ,/ed,e !lii!#i/n ?eld$ "$# !l$/ 9e !,dne$$8#e$#ed /, -e$$el$ in

!n $e,-ie i #e ?!ll #i5ne$$ i$ g,e!#e, #!n 3+ "" ;1.) in


34/42

o Te ?eld "$# 9e g,/nd #/ ! $"//# l!# $,!e /, #e$#ing. Ti$ $"//#ing

i$ ,ei,ed #/ /9#!in !n !,!#e !,dne$$ "e!$,e"en#.

o !,dne$$ inden#!#i/n$ "$# 9e "!de !# /, ne!, #e "iddle / #e ?eld 9e!d.

Ti$ inden#!#i/n l/!#i/n ?ill gi-e !n !-e,!ge !,dne$$ ,e!ding #!# i$ !

/"/$i#e / #e ?eld "e#!l4 9!$e "e#!l4 !nd A ;/n$ide,ing #e $ie / #e

inden#/, #!# i$ $ed


35/42

328SAMSS800' ,ei,e$ #!# #e i"!# #e$# #e"e,!#,e "$# 9e 1+@C ;32@F< 9el/?

#e "ini"" de$ign #e"e,!#,e #!# i$ $eiied /n #e P,e$$,e Ve$$el (e$ign (!#!

See# F/," 2=+2 /, 2=+3. Ti$ !,/! ,/-ide$ !n e7#,! "!,gin / $!e# !g!in$#9,i##le ,!#,e. Wen i"!# #e$#ing i$ ,ei,ed4 i# "$# inlde #e 9!$e "e#!l4 ?eld

"e#!l4 !nd A.

SAES8W8001 /n#!in$ #e /ll/?ing i#e"$ ,el!#ed #/ i"!# #e$#$o F/, !n l74 *!$ Me#!l A, Welding ;*MAW< ele#,/de /, /, !n Fl7

C/,ed A, Welding ;FCAW< ele#,/de #!# i$ $ed /, ?elding ,/ed,e$?i# i"!# #/gne$$ ,ei,e"en#$4 #e $eiied 9,!nd4 #e4 !nd "!7i""

$ie $ed /, #e P,/ed,e &!lii!#i/n Re/,d ;P&R< "$# 9e $ed in #e

!#!l !9,i!#i/n.

o Welding ,/ed,e$ ?i# i"!# #e$# ,ei,e"en#$ "$# 9e $9"i##ed #/ #e

C/n$l#ing Se,-ie$ (e!,#"en# /, in!l ,e-ie? !nd !,/-!l. Ti$ !,/!,/-ide$ !ddi#i/n!l ,e-ie? #/ en$,e #!# "!#e,i!l #/gne$$ i$ !de!#el

/n$ide,ed in #e ?eld ,/ed,e.

APPLICA.LE CO*ES AN* STAN*AR*S

Te /de$ !nd $#!nd!,d$ #!# !l #/ #e e-!l!#i/n / $/,e in$e#i/n inlde #e

/ll/?ing

ASME C/de4 Se#i/n VIII ;(i-i$i/n 1 /, 24 !$ !,/,i!#e

pressure vessels (att. viii)

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