Jan Radil, Josef Vojtěch, Miroslav Karásek, Stanislav Šíma

www.ces.net

Dark fibre networks and how to light them

czechlight.cesnet.cz

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Dark fibre networks and how to light them

Outline

Motivations and introduction

Optical amplifiers (EDFA, PDFA, Raman, SOA)

Deployment of OAs and other optical components (CD compensators, OOO switches)

Conclusions

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Dark fibre networks and how to light them

CESNET z.s.p.o.

CESNET (Czech Educational and Scientific NETwork) -NREN in the Czech RepublicEstablished as legal entity – not for profit

Association of Legal Entities (z.s.p.o.) in 1996

27 Universities

Czech Academy of Sciences

52 staff members in Praha

More than 150 part-time universities and Academy of Sciences staff working on projects

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Dark fibre networks and how to light them

Participation on International Project

(GÉANT), GN26NETEGEE(SCAMPI), LOBSTERSEEFIRE, (?)PORTA OPTICALUCIFER

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Dark fibre networks and how to light them

CESNET z.s.p.o. - Funding

Research plan: „Optical High Speed National Research Network and its New Applications“

2004 – 2010

Funded by Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech republic and Association Members - budged approx. 12 MEuro/year

Research activity annual report will be available www.ces.net/doc/2005/

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Utilization of dark fibres – CEF networks (the first DF line lighted in 1999, 2.5 Gbps PoS, 327 km)Now CESNET has 4200 km of leased dark fibresCost effective deployment of multigigabit DF lines (N x 1 GE, N x 10 GE) with pluggable DWDM transceivers –GBIC, SFP, XENPAK, XFPLack of optical equipment suitable for NRENsDevelopment of our own optical amplifiers (and other components)Repeaterless or Nothing-in-line (NIL) approach, where possible and practicable

Dark fibre networks and how to light them

Motivations

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An optical kit composed from commercially available elementsCost effectivity & reliabilityPossibilities of future developmentCustomer based OFA modules – EDFA for 1550 nm, PDFA for 1310 nm (10 GE line cards for PC ), Raman modulesHigh power boosters, low-noise preamps, in-line amps…The result is: CzechLight amplifiers (CLAs)Why? What is CzechLight?

Dark fibre networks and how to light them

CzechLight Amplifiers

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An experimental and breakable optical network, testbed10 G lambda to NetherLight (Amsterdam), a part of GLIFTo test new components before deployment (lab -> CzechLight -> CESNET2)Experimental traffic for Institute of Physics and other researchersPraha – FermiLab (1 GE)Praha – Taipei (1 GE)For high speed experiments like iGrid2005, SC2005 (full 10 G)http://www.ces.net/doc/press/2005/pr051219.html

Dark fibre networks and how to light them

CzechLight

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Dark fibre networks and how to light them

CzechLight

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Dark fibre networks and how to light them

CzechLight, GLIF

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Redundant PSUs from industry leading vendorDC voltages, fan speeds, temperatures are monitoredRuns on flash disc (no vibration sensitive rotational parts), Linux basedInterfaces: RS232, FastEthernet, USB, I2CExtensive management capabilities – console, LAN, GSM/GPRS, Wi-Fi, BlueTooth, SSH, SNMP

Dark fibre networks and how to light them

CzechLight Amplifiers Features

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CzechLight Amplifiers

CLA PB01 – preamplifier and booster, applicable as: DF link terminating OAs, inline OAs with CD compensation and for one side amplified (OSA) DF linksOSA – all components are located at one place, star topologies

CLA DI01 - dual inline OA, used during iGrid2005 and SC2005 experiments

Now looking for manufacturers/partners

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Dark fibre networks and how to light them

CzechLight Amplifiers

OSA – all components are located at one place, for star topologies

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Dark fibre networks and how to light them

CzechLight Compensators

To eliminate effects of Chromatic DispersionA big issue for 10 G speeds (and beyond) in 1550 nmDispersion compensation fibres – lossy, bulky and expensiveFibre Bragg gratings – a relatively new element, DWDM laser

is a must (narrow band), today FBGs can compensate for 51 DWDM channels

Signal filtering, spectrum shapingCost effective solutionTuneable FBGs, not possible with DCFs (for e2e lightpaths, lambdas on demand)CLCs (a FBG plus management capabilities)

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CzechLight OOO switches

The last component for a transparent optical networkROADM vs. OOO switches8 x 8 switching nonblocking matrix (16 x 16 in future)RS232 for configuringManagement dtto CLAs

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Cost effective solutions, especially for 1310 nm window (no CD compensation with DCFs or FBGs)SOAs are more noisy, less expensive then EDFAs But PDFAs are not so widespread, optical parameters (output powers and noise figures) are not comparable with EDFAs) –SOAs can present an interesting solution10 GE line cards for PC (PCI-X, PCI-E) S2io (Neterion), Chelsio, Intel with non-pluggable 1310 nm transceivers onlyThe only way to extend a reach is to deploy amplifiers (10 km is not enough, even for MANs in the Czech Republic) or use wavelength convertors (OEO – L2 Ethernet switches)

Dark fibre networks and how to light them

Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers

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Dark fibre networks and how to light them

CLAs Deployment

Both in CESNET2 (production) and CzechLight (experimental and breakable) networksPraha – Hradec Králové (CESNET2)

150.4 km of G.652, 35.7 dB@1550nmNIL, OSA (one side amplification) w/ CLA, 1 GEFrom Dec 2004 till Dec 2005, working without any problemCLA now moved to other edge link

New 10 G Cross Border Fibre links to Poland, Slovakia and Austria are being prepared

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Dark fibre networks and how to light them

CESNET2

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Dark fibre networks and how to light them

CLAs Deployment

Praha – Brno (CzechLight)298 km, mixture of G.652/G.655+/G.655-, 67 dB@1550nmNot NIL solution, without Ramans but with one inline CzechLight amplifier (DI01)Today 1 channel, 10 G SONET, DWDM transceivers, ready for up to 8 (16 with high power boosters and inline amps) 10 G DWDM SONET/SDH/Ethernet channelsDeployment of (tuneable) FBGs and ROADMs/OOO switches is already planned

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Dark fibre networks and how to light them

CLAs Deployment

Praha – Hradec Králové (CESNET2)The rest of a rack is for CzechLight

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Dark fibre networks and how to light them

CzechLight Equipment and NIL

302 km, 1 x 10 G DWDM channel, in lab on fibre reelsWith Raman amplifiers and dispersion compensating fibres

250 km, 4 x 10 G DWDM channel, in lab on fibre reelsWithout Ramans, with Fibre Bragg gratings

135 km, 1 x 10 GE, 1310 nm!, in lab on fibre reelsNo CD compensation at all, PDFA and Ramans for 1310 nm

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Conclusions

Development and deployment of new components

Especially important (in our opinion) for academic and research community

The results will be used in a successor of SEEFIRE, GN2 (Joint Research Activities), Porta Optica

Cross Border Fibre solutions

Any chances for RONs?

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Acknowledgement

Lada Altmanová (for nice pictures!), Martin Míchal and Jan Gruntorád

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[1] Radil, J. - Karásek, M., „Experiments with 10 GE long-haul transmissions in academic and research networks.“, In: I2 member meeting, Arlington, VA, 2004.

[2] Altmanová L., Radil J., Šíma S., Vojtěch J., „CzechLight testbed“. In: GN2 APM meeting, Praha, Czech Republic, February2005.

[3] Vojtěch J., „CzechLight and CzechLight amplifiers“. In: 17th TF-NGN meeting, Zurych, Switzerland, April 2005.

[4] Vojtěch J., Karásek M., Radil J., „Extending the Reach of 10GE at 1310 nm “. In: ICTON 2005 meeting, Barcelona, Spain, 2005.

[5] www.seefire.org, Deliverables

[6] czechligh.cesnet.cz, Publications

Dark fibre networks and how to light them

References

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Thank you for your attention!

See you in Praha.