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0091-9990972397

[email protected]

0091-9990068416 [email protected]

1968 1981

1880 1700

(Frances Pritchett)

2000

-

A History of Urdu Literature

1993 2007

-

dates

2001 —

-

1857

1930

1920 18371835

1930

1707/17081667/1668

1755 17831699

17811699

(General Lake) 1803

1800

-

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1807

1925

18241750 (metaphysical) 18471777

18381776

18381760/61 18541788

1880

1893 1920

1923 1921

1926 1925

1927

19171881

46

(1752)

1891/93

1880

18641794

19431869 18801821

19081901 19161846 -

1936 1865

1934-1924

19671885

1951

1732

17131659

1870 18811879 1876

19131910 19431913

19131903 19511875

19111819

19111901 19501872

~~~~~~~

2008- 2008 200812 Charlottesville

—

A 1928 1927 History of Urdu Literature

1992 1964

Classical Urdu Literature from the Beginning1

1957

The Pursuit of Urdu Literature: A Select 1992 to Iqbal

History

A History of Indian Literature

(Jan Gonda)

Modern Urdu Literature

The first great flowering of Urdu literature took placein the early decades of the eighteenth century. Forsome centuries before that time Urdu had been usedas a medium of prose writing, mainly in the religioustracts, but these were not literature except in thevery broadest sense that word can bear. Urdu poetrytoo had been f lourished in the sixteenth andseventeenth centuries under Muslim rulers in centralIndia, but this formed, so to speak, a compact andisolated phenomenon, beginning and ending beforethe continuous history of mainstreem Urdu literaturebegan in the northern plains. What we may call theclassical period of Urdu literature, then, begins in theearly decades of the eighteenth century; and thegreat watershed of the revolt of 1857 provides aconvenient closing date.2

(theoretical)

1962

2000

6(Robert E. Spiller)

7

How not to write the history of 1999

Urdu literature

'General 8 Charateristics or Urdu Poetry'

9

(causation)

10

The Language and its Origin A General Survey of Urdu Literature

General Characteristics

Mohammadan

predatory freebooter

erotic erotic

Erotic poetry is clearly traceable to Sufism, to court influence and to the imitation of Persian poetry.11

Being the adjunct to the courts, Urdu poetrylacked tha t va r i ety, tha t r ichness, tha texpansiveness, that originality which characterizethe best and greatest literature of the world.12

Azad pays the complement of being the Aristotleof Urdu poetry.13

14

15

His knowledge of woman is also credible though no pure pictures of maidenhood and womanhood such as of Imogen, Desdemona, Portia and ophelia could be found.16

Desdomona

Cymbeline Imogen

Ophelia The Merchant of Venice Portia Othello Hamlet

1928 128

(metres)

71

18

The Place of Urdu Among Languages

19

20 (Persianisation)

21

A History of Urdu 1984 1964 Literature

652 27 — 26

(chronology)

1800 1869

(appendices)

22

(Middle Class)

23

24

nationalism nation

25

32 441

How not to write the History of Urdu Literature

26

Aryan Religious Thoughts27

28

29

This qasidah (ode) as genre in Urdu literature cannot claim the purity of Arab extraction. Indian and Iranian elements have intermingled with thetradition of prashasti (panegyric) which had beenvery strong in Sanskrit.30

31

mystic erotic 32

33

34 essence

A Modest Plea: Could we have a Proper History of Urdu Literature

(David Perkins)

1. Annemarie Schimmel, ''Classical Urdu Literature from Beginning to

Iqbal" (AHistory of Indian Literature; Vol.8, ModernIndoAryanLiteratures; Fasc. 3, (ed.), Jan Gonda, 1975, Wiesbaden, Germany Otto Harrassowitz.

2. Ralph Russel, The Pursuit of Urdu Literature A Select History,Londonand NewJersey Zen Books Ltd., 1992, p.21

254-55 2005 .3

1700 1200 .4

1962 12 .5

2003 6. Robert Spiller,''Literary History", The Aims and Methods of

Scholarship in Modern Languages and Literature, (ed.) JamesThorpe, 1963, NewYork Modern Language Association of America,p.43

2015 .78. Ralph Russel, How not to Write the History of Urdu Literature And

Other Essays on Urdu and Islam, Delhi Oxford University Press,1999, p.30.

.9Its range is very limited for it sank into the ruts of old batteredPersian themes and adorned itself with the rags of the cast offimagery of Persian poetry having absolutely no relation to India,the country of its birth…Ram Babu Saksena, A History of Urdu Literature, Allahabad RamNarain Lal Publisher and Bookseller, 1940, p.23

cast off rags rag

offensive .10

92 2015 11. Ram Babu Saksena, A History of Urdu Literature, Allahabad Ram

Narain Lal Publisher and Bookseller, 1940,p.27

12. ibid,p.29.

13. ibid,p.47

145142 .14

142 .15

16. ibid,p.14517. T. Grahame Bailey, A History of Urdu Literature, New Delhi Sumit

Publications, 1979, p.7.18. ibid,pp.910.

.19

294284256 2005 20. ibid, p.40.21. ibid,22. Muhammad Sadiq, A History of Urdu Literature, Delhi Oxford

University Press, 1984, p.1.23. ibid, p.10.24. ibid, p.51.25. ibid, p.15.26. Ali Jwad Zaidi, A History of Urdu Literature, New Delhi Sahitya

Akademi, 1993, p.2.27. For more details, see Ali Jawad Zaidi, AHistory of Urdu Literature,

New Delhi Sahitya Akademi, 1993, p.2.28. ibid, p.9.29. ibid, pp.121330. ibid, p.16.31. ibid, p.12.32. ibid, p.1333. ibid, p.15

1957 .34

268 1165

International Institute of

Islamic Though and Civilization

490

13 15 268

635

605x10 635

635 3

495 510 507 508

614 617

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577 —

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603601 —

604603 —

604 —

614 —

1192

1164

1164

1929

A Catalogue of the Arabic Persian and Hindustany Manuscripts of

174 1854 the Libraries of the Kings of Oudh.

A Catalogue of Persian Manuscripts in the Library of International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization

81 1994

23 1943 1983 3

37-39 22-2339

60 61

73 63

64

65 666

76

77 78

80

253 259

84 96

90 105

102 106

127

108 112

130

114 118

133

138 146

166

175

187

188 190

188

660 1009

239 480 79

1211-82

1327 1262

14491372

1926

1917-95

1950 1950

1

2

3

Speech of Shadow 4

5

108106

6

7

8

9

10

11

...

____________________

1910-78

20121924

1952-53

264

343

708-09

737-38

32 77

8985

9189

951-52

480

868-69 889-90

899 891-92 922-23

933 940-41 939-40

957-58 940-41 966-67

9 9 1 - 9 2 1025-26

1030 1067-68 1038-39

422

1061-62

19811904 1954 1958

1972

887 896

21 11

423 1

24 4 1912

223 4 1912 'A Critical Study of Nahj ul Balagha'

21979 248 1 1926

'The Authenticity of Nahj al-Balagha' 3531 1950

1950

34 34 33 264

31 1751972

182146 2010 - 217-18

532013

55

.

65 1903 4

(2) (1)

(6) (5) (4) (3) (10) (9) (8) (7) (13) (12) (11) (16) (15) (14)

(19) (18) (17) (22) (21) (20)

(24) (23) (27) (26) (25)

124 1903

84

2

84

(1836-1912) 3

21

84

109 2

102

103

103

16

(1837-1914)

104 (1865-1912)

1905

(1870-1961)

.

1908

(1869-1932) 1

1908 3

3 1908 22

1908 25 15

1913

26

1892 (1869-1932) 2

16 1908 14

1908 17 15

239

3

3 1908 4

4

3 1908 4 5

4 1908 13

6

5-6 1908 4 7

6 1909 (1877-1961) 8

(1866-1930) 9

1910 16 9

9-10 1910

10

13 1 1909 29 (1878-1931) 11

13 1 12

13 1909 24

:

1909 27

16 1909 19

(1842-1926)

1909 28 16

(1897-1936) 15

17

(1868-1927) -16

17 1909 18 -17

18

18-19

-18

18

-19

28 8

19 -20

(1864-1950)

19-20

-21

20

(1865-1938) -22

20

-23

23-24

-24

24-25

-25

25-26 -26

26 (1880-1934) -27

28-29 8

(1841-1917) -28

27 8

(1877-1938) -29

239

1912 29

5

1905

(1836-1907) (1858-1930)

408-09

-6

121

1904

1 1905

4 1910

5

1 1909

2-3 1906

7

1908 :

8

15-16 1912 9

1 1912

65-66

1707

1857

1857

19141837

2

1869

1879 1879 10

1879

1621886

3 135

1935

249

10 1968

6563 1992 312 1959

312 313

61

126 1988 61-62

47 21

82 1969

Abandoned

*****

1921

51 1972 19

1996

(Sheilla, by 'l' Sheilla Khushwant Singh)

Sheila

(Inns of Court)

(Psalms) (The Song of Solomon) THe Book of Job (Proverbs)

limericks

nursery clerihews Sullivan Gilbert Lewis Carroll rhymes

Crossword-puzzles

(Somerset (Aldous Huxley)

Maugham)

(Francois

Mauraiac)

(Andre Gide) (Mary McCarthy) (Stephen Spender)

(Crompton Mackenzie) (Norman Mailer)

( Dy l a n T h o ma s ) ( S a ch ever e l l S i tw e l l ) (Samuel Beckett) (Rosamond Lehmann)

(History of the Sikhs)

Train to Pakistan

(Ruth (Nirad C Chaudhuri) Jhabwala)

Autobiography of an Unknown Indian

(Knight)

(Henry Croom

Jane Johnson)

(Wittgenstein)

(Hydro)

(Sillanpie)

(Wine)

Max Muller

(Goye)

mimic

Heat and Dust

Fire on the Mountain

(Baumgartner's Bombay)

(John Masters)

(Goa)

Feni

Confessiaons of an Indian Woman-eater

The Illustrated Weekly of India The New (The Spectator)

Statesman

(Vergin)

A House of Mr Biswas

Area of Darkness

Knighthood

Trinidad

Grove Press The Howl Allen Ginsberg

Barney Rosset

Joh Hazard

Peter Orlovsky

Satanic Verses -

Hatter Hali All About H. Hatterr

¼vKs;½

Agnon

Agyeya Agnon

-

The Telegraph Bachi Karkaria

-

The Golden Gate

A Suitable Boy

Indrani Aikath-Gyaltsen -

Daughters of the House

-

Cranes'

Morning

-

Hold My Hand I am Dying

-

Cranes' Morning

18,19

75 2014 85

82 18,19

32 1961

232177

251 2019 95

1961

1961 53-73 1961

32 177-232 1961

95 2007

1974 1976

1988

1858

2007

2007

1986 21

141 2015

1959 1959

71 2000

2001 13

217 2011

2001 2

716 2011

2005 16 10

2019 2018 2017 199716

27

152 2011

1984 5

2011 1994

(Talk)

Connotation

Painkiller Painkiller

The Message of the Quran

76-79

260

train

abstraction

processing data (abstraction)

I think there for I am ...

thought concern

21

Spectator Tetla

The Mohammadon nucleus Social Reform

1906

(76%)

1857—

1857

—

1927 20

1947 1945

1960 1947 1961

1979 1981-82

2007 21

1989 1984 1984 1967

6-7

1943

1947 (1)

1954 (2)

1966 (3)

1982 (4)

2007 (5)

1947

Imagery

2003 425

2 0 1 9 284-85 311

(1985) (2017) (2005)

33

Nexus

Recognise

910 2011 1956

1985 1984

W.B. YEATS

YEATS

72011

[ ]

]

[

1857

1857 1857

1847 1

2

1

130

1

1

1854 2

1852

2

2

1857

1840 (Ghostwriter)

3

1

4

(Source Language) (Target Language)

astrolabe 5

1

1857

2

1857

— —

1852

6 2

1947

1820 (David Ochterlony)

7

8

****

1847

1845

1838

18471845

1845

1856

1

1

2

Das Leben Und Die Lehre Des Mohammad

Bibliotheca Orientalis Sprengeriana 1851

9 Sprengeriana

10

18461845

1846

—

—

1857 2 1861

— —

—2 1 —

(Source Language) (Target Language)

"some (famous) famous poet"

some

1

1

2

2

1857

1892

11

Twitter:@niksez

Syed Ahmad and His Two Books Called 'Asar-al-Sanadid' 1

2010 A note on an early topographical work of Sayyid Ahmad Khan: Asar 2

Christian W. Troll al-Sanadid

Shaikh Imam Bakhsh Sahba'i: Teacher, Scholar, Poet, and 3 The Delhi College Puzzle-master

2006 4

2012 5A note on an early topographical work of Sayyid Ahmad Khan: Asar 6

Christian W. Troll al-Sanadid

7

From Antiquary to Social Revolutionary: Syed Ahmad Khan and the 8 Colonial Experience

The Dr. Aloys Sprenger and the Delhi College 92006 Delhi College

tps://nuktacheen.blogspot.com/2018/04/sair-ul-manazil-review.html 10

From Antiquary to Social Revolutionary: Syed Ahmad Khan and the 11

Colonial Experience

Tulika Books, New Delhi2018 Asar-us-Sanadid

http://nuktacheen.blogspot.com/2019/04/syed-ahmad-khans-asar-us-sanadid-review.html

XLIII No.4 2019 The Book Review

http://thebookreviewindia.org/a-canonical-text-2/

C-29, Hastings Road, Allahabad-211001 E-mail: [email protected] 246, Sutlej Hostel, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi-110067E-mail: [email protected]

B-215, Block 15, Gulshan-e Johar Karachi-75290 Pakistan E-mail: [email protected]

Head, Department of History, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh (UP) E-mail: [email protected]

Shaista Manzil, 641, Pura Ghulami, Behind Aawas Vikas, Azamgarh-276001 (UP) E-mail: [email protected]

Associate Professor of Urdu, Allama Iqba Open University, Islamabad (Pakistan) B-155, Block 5, Gulshan e Iqbal, Karachi (Pakistan) E-mail: [email protected] C 280 IInd Floor, Khusro Apartments, (Near German Clinic) Lane: 27, Shaheen Bagh, Abulfazl Enclave Part 2, New Delhi-110025 E-mail: [email protected]

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Door No.6, Third Floor, Block 1, DIG Headquarters 'Kilpauk' (Near Kilpauk Police Station) Chennai-600010 E-mail: [email protected]

Reseach Scholar, Departement of Urdu Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh (UP) E-mail: [email protected]

Flat No 606, Tower-22, Lotus Boulevard, Sector 100, Noida - 201305 (UP) E-mail:[email protected]

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