primate characteristics
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Primate characteristics. Generalized diet and teeth. Primate characteristics. The senses and the brain: Color vision ( diurnal primates only). Primate characteristics. The senses and the brain: Stereoscopic vision (depth perception) Eyes to the front - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Primate characteristics
Generalized diet and teeth
Primate characteristics The senses and the brain:
› Color vision (diurnal primates only)
Primate characteristics The senses and the brain:
› Stereoscopic vision (depth perception) Eyes to the front Visual information from each eye
transmitted to visual centers in both hemispheres in the brain
Visual information processed by specialized brain structures
TARSIER
Primate characteristics The senses and the brain:
› Large and complex brains Visual information processing Large areas involved with the hand
Primate characteristics Maturation, Learning and Behavior
› Long gestation› Single births instead of litters› Delayed maturation› Tendency to live in mixed-age groups› Dependence on learned behavior
Primate Sociality Theories:
› Improved access to food› Protection from predators
Juvenile Dependency
Primate Sociality Types of groups:
› Multi-male/multi-female
› Most common type.› Chimps and Bonobos usually live in mm/mf
fission-fusion groups.
Primate Sociality Types of groups:
› Pair-bond
› Examples: Gibbons and Siamangs, some monkeys
Gibbons
Primate Sociality Types of groups: One-Male/Multi
Female› Gorilla
Gorillas
Primate Sociality: Dominance
Primate Sociality: grooming
Primate sociality: food sharing
Socioecology The study of animals and their habitats
that looks for patterns of relationship between the environment and social behavior.
Socioecology
Assumes that the various components of an environment have evolved together.
Socioecology Food (amounts, qualities, distribution) Distribution of water Predators (distribution, types) Distribution of sleeping sites Activity patterns (nocturnal/diurnal) Relationships with other species Impact of human activities
Socioecology Of the baboon…
› (MM/MF)› Savanna › Predators can be common
Of the Slow Loris…› Solitary foraging› Insectivor › Slow moving
Sociobiology The study of the relationship between
behavior and natural selection. Sociobiological theory states that certain behaviors or behavioral pattern have been selected for because they increase reproductive success in individuals.
Sociobiology Infanticide K-selection (vs. r-selection) Male / Female behaviors Sexual dimorphism
Challenges to sociobiology The lack of long-term data:
› On demography› On social behavior› Resource distribution
Little data on relatedness through male line
How to assign reproductive costs and benefits to particular behaviors