principios formales de etica
TRANSCRIPT
5/10/2018 Principios Formales de Etica - slidepdf.com
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/principios-formales-de-etica 1/15
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83
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89 ^\AKGA^AJW ^\AKGA^AJW 82
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wec cgpuckpe/ wec `ewpakcpc|ac `e oc cgga9k6 ~e|j kj ew cwi+
Gjkwa e|emjw/ c mj j `e edem~oj/ eo wexpj mck cmaekpj/ sue
kjw ~|jhale ij|kagc|/ q sue ew oc kj|mc mj|co dutbc`c mj`e|-
kcmekpe gjmj oc mcw c|lap|c|ac (ek gjkp|cwpe gjk/ ~j| edem-
~oj/ eo suakpj mck`cmaekpj/ sue kjw ~|jhile mcpc|/ > eo we~-
pamj/ `a|aba j c oc ~|jhalaga9k `eo |jlj/ guqc iuk cmekpcga9k
|cgajkco ek j|`ek c oc ~e|wjkc we kjw hcge mcw eya`ekpe!+
Me`ackpe oc ij|kagcga9k/ ojw gue|~jw humckjw -eo ~|j~aj q
eo cdekj- kj we gjkwa`e|ck gjmj ~e|wjkcw/ ewpj ew/ we|ew `j-
pc`jw `e oc mcw copc `abka`c` ukaye|wco/ wakj gjmj me`ajw `e~ocge|+ Co p|ckwb|e`a| eo wexpj mck`cmaekpj/ eo iak/ sue ew eo
hjml|e/ we gjkyae|pe ek eo me`aj6 oc ~e|wjkc hc wa j `eb|c c-
`c/ gjkwa`e|ck`jwe c wi mawmc/ ek 3>sue ~jwee `e gj|~j|co/
me|j akwp|umekpj `e ~ocge|+ @e ewpc mcke|c/ eo cw~egpj |eoc-
gajkco `e ocw ~e|wjkcw (ew `ega|/ `e ojw ij|kagc|ajw! we hc akw-
p|umekpcoatc j+ EAgue|~j humckj/ `abkj gjkwpapupayj `e gc c
~e|wjkc/ we hc gjkye|pa j ek jldepj+ Kj w93>kj we hc `ewc||j-
ooc`j oc ~e|wjkc/ wakj sue ukc ~|akga~co ye|paekpe `e eooc we hc
heghj jldepj/ gjwaiagck`jwe+
^j| oc p|ckwb|ewa9k `eo `egcojbj liloagj/ gjmj gjkdukpj `e
laekew sue gj||ew~jk`ek c oc icmaoac humckc/ cb|e e eo hjm-l|e wu gjk`aga9k `e ~e|wjkc/ q we gjkyae|pe ek jldepj+
Jp|j ~ukpj gjmuk ek sue gjakga`e oc ij|muocga9k `e ojw
mck cmaekpjw gjm~jkekpew `eo `egcojbj liloagj/ ew eo heghj
`e sue pj`jw eoojw we |eiae|ek -gjmj `adamjw- c oc ~e|wjkc/
~e|j hcgaek j ex~|ewc mekga9k `e oc ~e|wjkc gjkg|epc (~|9da-
mj/ ~c |e/ ew~jwc/ `ueiaj+++! > `e oc cgga9k sue c eooc we `ewpakc
(cmc|/ |jlc|/ ij|kagc|/ `ewec| > ekya ac|/ epg+!+
^j| ewpc gcuwc/ `ekjmakcmjw c ojw ~|akga~ajw `eo `egcojbj/
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pe ~j| wu gjkpeka`j gjkg|epj/ ewpck ij|muoc`jw `e mcke|c
icgaomekpe akpeoabaloe ~c|c pj jw/ `e mj`j sue kj sue~ck ojwekbciajw ~|jyekaekpew `e beke|coatcgajkew bojlcoew > `e akpe|-
~|epcgajkew exp|ciacw+ C~c|ekpemekpe/ eo ~|ame| mck cmaekpj
`e oc oeq/ kj eo sue we `ewpakc co cmj| c @ajw/ sue kj ~ue`e
sue`c| mcw wakbuoc|atc`j/ wakj eo sue we |eiae|e co cmj| co
~|9damj/ sue~c gjkwa e|c|oj gjmj ex~|ewc j ek ukc gjkg|e-
ga9k mcw `elao/ ~uew eo gjkge~pj `e ~|9damj (kj qc w93> `e
~|jxamj! ~j |ic dutbc|we `emcwac j beke|co+ Kj jlwpckpe/ oc
mj coa c` `eo cmj| co ~|9damj kj ~ue e ex~|ewc|we gjk mcqj|
gjkg|ega9k/ gjm~ekwck j wjl|c cmekpe ewc beke|coatcga9k
wjw~eghjwc+ EAgjmj c wi mawmj gjk sue `ele cmc|we co ~|9da-
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88 ^\AKGA^AJW ^\AKGA^AJW 81
mj/ ew eo mj`j ex~|ewayj mcw gjkg|epj `e c|kj|/ qc sue kj
hcq kc ae sue -~j| oc |eioexa9k gjbkjwgapayc `e sue ewpc `jpc-
`j (gc~ipuoj AA/Gc~cga c` humckc `e cupj||eioexajkp-¦ abkj|e
g9mj ew eo cmj| c wi mawmj+
Ek ewpe mck cmaekpj/ mcw sue ek kakbuk jp|j/ we gjkia|mc
eo heghj `e sue gjkwa`e|c| c oc ~e|wjkc gjmj ~jwee`j|c `e
`abka c / kj ew gjkweguekgac `e uk ebjgekp|awmj4 ~uew pj c
~e|wjkc ew pck `abkc gjmj qj/ `c`j sue `elj cmc|oc gjmj c
mi mawmj+
Cmj j `e edem~oj/ ex~jk`|emjw c gjkpakucga9k cobukjw
~|akga~ajw ij|mcoew `e mj|coa c / ojw sue gjkwa e|cmjw mcw
am~j|pckpew ek beke|co q mcw ew~egiiagjw ~c|c eo duagaj epagj
`eo p|clcdj `e oc em~|ewc+
Eo laek `ele webua|we q eyapc|we eo mco
^\AKGA^AJW IJ\MCOEW @E MJ\COA@C@
We p|cpc `eo mcw ij|mco `e ojw ~|akga~ajw ij|mcoew/ ~j| eo gc-
|cgpe| mcxamcmekpe beke|agj `eo laek q `eo mco co sue we |e-
iae|e+ ^e|j ew/ co mawmj paem~j/ eo ~|ame| ~|akga~aj `e mj|c-
oa`c` co sue pj`jw ojw `e|kcw we |emapek+ Eo gc|cgpe| beke|co
`eo laek q `eo mco buc| ck/ kj jlwpckpe/ ewp|eghc |eocga9k gjk
ukj `e ojw iekj|kekjw humck(!{/b+{###4c+q(44!|"m~j|pckgac co sue
hemjwcou`a`j c||alc (gc~ipuoj AA!4 oc cupj||eioexajk `e sue eo
hjml|e ew gc~ct wjl|e,wuw ~|j~ajw Vaaagajw q wuw ~|j~ajw cgpjw/
sue 3> ~jke ek gjk agajkew `edutbc|ojwgj|kj luekjwj gjmj
mcoew+ i p + ewpc gc~cga`c` `e cupj||eio{xa9|a/ek wu ye|paekpem c | c a / oc hemjw oocmc j gjkgaekgac+ ^uew laek4 eo hjml|e
~ue e waem~|e/ wcoyj"gA|guApw"ackgocw exge~gajkcoew/ ek guco-
suae| wapucga9k/ dutbc| wjl|e oc ljk c` >mco c` `e wuw cgpjw+
Cyegew ewpe duagaj kj ew mcw sue ukc ~|ame|c akpuaga9k ak-
iuk cmekpc c (sue `ele|c `ew~uew/ kj jlwpckpe/ iuk`cmek-
pc|we!/ ~e|j eo ak aya uj sue dutbc `ele/ ek ~|akga~aj q iakco `e
guekpcw/ cpeke|we c ewpe `agpcmek+
Kc`ae mj|co mekpe `ele cgpuc| ek gjkgaekgac `e sue wu
cgpj-{{ m6aj/ cuksue kj we~c gjk weboo|o c` eo mjpaye ~j|e]
sue 3> ew (cuksue `ew~uew `elc wcle|oj!/ q `ele akagacomekpe
gjkwa e|c| gjmj uk `ele| eo ede|gagaj `e gucosuae| cgga9k suedutbue ek gjkgaekgac luekc/ cuksue pcm ~jgj pekbc gjkjga-
maekpj `eo mjpayj excgpj ~j| eo sue 3> ew (wa laek `ele|ic `ew-
~uew wcle|oj!/ waem~|e sue kj oe am~a`c eo ede|gagaj `e ukc
cgga9k sue ek gjkgaekgac gjkwa e|c medj| sue oc ~|ame|c+
Cgclcmjw `e `ega| sue eo hjml|e ~ue`e/ ckpe gucosuae|
cgga9k/ `agpc| uk duagaj cge|gc `e oc mj|coa`c` `e ewpc+ ^e|j
ewpc ~jwalaoa`c` kj waem~|e we |ecoatc+ Wjk mughjw/ gjmj
wclemjw/ ojw sue kj we guewpajkck cge|gc `e oc mj|coa`c` `e
wuw cgpjw/ cuksue `ele|ack hcge|oj+
Ukc `e ocw ~|ame|cw jloabcgajkew mj|coew pckpj `e ojw ak a-
C`emcw `e ojw ~|akga~ajw epagjw `e gjkpeka j gjkg|epj/ wumc-
|atc jw ek eo `egcojbj liloagj/ oc mj|co gocwagc hc `eiaka j/ ek
pjpco gjhe|ekgac gjk ojw ~|ame|jw/ jp|jw ~|akga~ajw/ sue kj ak-
`agck gjkg|epcmekpe ocw ~e|wjkcw c sue we |eiae|ek/ >oc ~e|wj-
kc wjl|e oc sue |egce oc cgga9k |eie|a c/ wakj sue we ij|muock/
gjmj mughcw jp|cw oeqew `e oc gaekgac ~jwapayc/ `e ukc mcke|cij|mco/ `e mj`j sue ~ue`ck mcpe|acoatc|we >gjkg|epc|we ek
ojw jldepjw `e ukc wapucga9k `epe|makc`c+ Wa ojw ~|akga~ajw `e
gjkpeka j gjkg|epj we ekguekp|ck qc c~oagc`jw ~j| wi mawmjw
c ojw wudepjw q jldepjw ek guewpa9k/ eo hjml|e paeke/ ek ojwE+|ak-
ga~ajw ij|mcoew `e oc mj|coa`c` `e oc gjk`ugpc/ eo mekewpe| `e
c~oagc|ojw c ojw jldepjw >wudepjw sue gjkwa e|e cgj| e{{
ojw ~|akga~ajw wuwj`aghjw+ Ewpc c~oagcga9k ji|ege oc yekpcdc`e
`jpc| co ak aya uj sue `ele ooeyc|oc c gclj/ `e ukc mcqj| cupj-
kjmic/ ~uew ew {osuaek hcge ukc c~oagcga9k sue ckk kj ewpc-
lc heghc/ gjmj 3> ewpclc ek eojp|j pa~j `e ~|akga~ajw+
Ewpc am~|ewa9k `e ukc mcqj| cupjkjmic/ sue ek eo mj-mekpj cgpuco ~ue`e ~c|ege| muq j~j|pukc/ kj `ele exp|c~j-
oc|we co b|c j sue we `eme|apek ojw ~|akga~ajw >mck`cmaekpjw
`e gjkpeka`j gjkg|epj+ CAgjkp|c|aj/ ewpjw wjk edem~ojw goc|jw
e akesuiyjgjw `e gjmj `elek c~oagc|we ojw ~|akga~ajw ij|mc-
oew+ ^j| pco gcuwc/ kakbuk ~|akga~aj ij|mco `ele c~oagc|wec
wu~uewpjw jldepjw jwudepjw ~e|pakekpew/ ek gjkp|c agga9k gjk
ojw ~|akga~ajw `e gjkpeka j gjkg|epj/ ~uew waem~|e we|cd/kia{
kapcmekpe mcw gjkiacloe Ac c~oagcgajk heghc ~j| @ajw mawmj/
q oc p|c aga9k sue oc |e~ape/ sue oc c~oagcga9k heghc ~j| {G q~|egawcmekpe ~j| we| mic+
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1> ^\AKGA^AJW ^\AKGA^AJW 13
ya ujw gjmj `e ocw gj|~j|cgajkew/ ew mckpeke| oc gjkgaekgac
ex~|ewc `e oc mj|coa`c` `e pj`cw wuw cggajkew/ abuco s u e - w ecgjkwedcek pe|makjw me|gckpaoew peke| gjkgaekgac ex~|ewc
`e oc upaoa c` > eo ~e|duagaj sue gc c cgga9k gjm~j|pc ~c|c oc
j|bckatcga9k+ Ukj `e ojw `ele|ew mcw am~j|p ckpew sue paeke
i|ekpe c wi oc em~|ewc ew eo `e ~jke| c ioj| `e ~aeo eo wekpa`j `e
mj|coa c `e wuwcgpjw/ co mekjw gjmj paeke "ekoc e~a e|maw" e wu wek{alaoa c` eo lekeiagaj egjk9magj sue |e~j|pc|c gc c
ukj `e ojw cgpjw em~|ek a jw+
Kj `elek em~oec|we me ajw mj|comekpe mcojw
cuksue ojw iakew weck luekjw
`abcmjw wa ojw me ajw ~c|c cogcktc|ojw wjk mcojw/ wakj wa 3>
wjk ojw eiegpjw sue ~|j`ugek ukc yetcogcktc`jw+ Oj sue ckpew
we kjw ~|jhalic ~c|c ojw me ajw c ~|aj|a/ we kjw ~|jhile chj|c
~c|c ojw eiegpjw c ~jwpe|aj|a+
Eo gc~apcoawmj ~coejoale|co/ c ~ewc| `e wu mckaiaewpc me|-
gckpaoa`c`/ hc mckpeka`j yabekpe/ co mekjw ek pej|ic -`e oc
~|cgpagc `a|icmjw/ `e kueyj/ jp|c gjwc-/ eo ~|akga~aj ij|mcockpe|aj| (eo iak kj duwpaiagc ojw me ajw!/ ~j|sue wak eo eo gc~apc-
oawmj pe|makc|ic qc kj ek oc gjk aga9k/ mekgajkc c ckpew/ `e
wcoycde/ wakj ek oc dukboc4 wa kj we `awgaeme oc ljk`c` > oc mco-
`c` `e ojw me`ajw/ q we cpek`ae|c w93>c oc ljk`c` `eo iak/ oc
wjgae c` mawmc sue`c|ic iakasuapc c+
-Ek gcmlaj/ hc wa`e eo gc~apcoawmj ~coejoale|co suaek hc
wu~|ama j ewpe jp|j ~|akga~aj ij|mco sue chj|c ckcoatcmjw/
webuk eo guco kj hemjw`e~|epek`e| iakew sue/ cuksue lue-
kjw/ pekbck eiegpjw |ewuopckpew `ew~|j~"?;A4§#1+|a{{c{|#aekaec | j w +Pco wu~|ewa9k e|c clwjoupcmekpe kegewc|oc ~c|c oc wulwawpek4cc
`eo gc~apcoawmj oale|co/ mcw kegewc|ac cuk sue eomckpekamaek-pj `eo ~|ege~pj webuk eo guco ew akmj|co eo uwj `e uk me`aj
mcoj cuk gjk oc ~|epekwa9k `e uk iak luekj+
Ek eiegpj/ ek oc lcwe `e oc a ejojbic `eo gc~apcoawmj oale|co
we hcooc eo wu~uewpj `e sue/ luwgck`j gc`c gau`c`ckj wu iak
lekeiage ~|j~aj/ eo |ewuopc j `e pcoew iakew hcl|ac `e we| ak e-
iegpaloemekpe luekj+ Kj hcl|ac/ ~j| pckpj/ sue ~|ejgu~c|we
`e ojw eiegpjw |ewuopckpew `e oc gjkweguga9k `e kuewp|jw iakew
ak aya ucoew/ ~uew kjw lcwcmjw ek oc ha~9pewaw `e sue ojw eieg-
pjw weguk`c|ajw `e ewc akpekga9k/ ew `ega|/ ojw eiegpjw |ewuo-
pckpew/ we|ick wjgacomekpe pck luekjw gjmj ojw ak aya uco-
mekpe ~|epek`a jw+
Ewpe ~|ewu~uewpj `eo gc~apcoawmj oale|co ew hjq qc `emjwp|c-
paycmekpe icowj+ Eo ~j e|ij `e oc pegkagc/ ~uewpj co we|yagaj `e
iakew ak aya ucoew -cuksue luekjw-/ ewpc ~|jyjgck`j eiegpjw
|ewuopckpew pck ~|jiuk cmekpe mcojw sue eo Ewpc j kj ~ue e
qc keup|coatc|ojw6 oc kcpu|coetc mawmc we kjw muewp|c akgc-
~ct `e cwamaoc| pcoew eiegpjw+ Ojw ~|jloemcw egjo9bagjw wu|-
ba jw c ~c|pa| `eo/ ~j| jp|j oc j/ lekeiage ~|jb|ewj ak uwp|aco/
wjk eo mekpaw em~i|agj mcw goc|j `e pco wu~uewpj/ q muewp|ck
sue eo ~|ege~pj `e ojw eiegpjw |ewuopckpew wabue pekaek`j pckpc
yabekgac/ co mekjw pe9|agc/ gjmj waem~|e oc puyj+
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uk a`ekpagj wabkaiagc j4 eo iak kj duwpaiagc ojw me ajw+ Eo c~jqj
gcuwco `e ewpe ~|akga~aj |ewa e ek eo ckpe|aj| (eomco `ele eya-
pc|we!/ webuk eo guco kj `ele hcge|we kc c mcoj/ cuksueojw
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pc`jw weck `ew~|j~j|gajkc`cmekpe medj|ew sue ojw mcojw
me ajw em~oec jw+
Eo mjpayj `e uk ~|akga~aj co ~c|ege| pck `|cwpagj -q `e pck
wu~uewpcmekpe `aipgao gum~oamaekpj- |ewa`e ek eo heghj/
ex~oagc j ~j| ojw ewgjocwpagjw/ `e sue {Olaek/ ~c|c we|oj+O0{{
we| Akpeb|j q ~oekc|aj/ qek gcmlaj ~c|c sue cobj+wec mcoj
lcwpc gucosuae| `eiegpj (,ljkum ex akpeb|c gcuwc6 mcoum ex
sujgumsue `eiegpu ,!/ Eo |abj| `e ewpe duagaj kj `ele cmakj-
|c|we+ Kc ae hc `aghj kukgc sue eo gjm~j|pc|we mj|comekpelaek ew icgao4 >/ 3>sue ew esua~c|cloe/ sue wec icgao gum~oa| gjk
eo jiagaj `e hjml|e+
Kj `elek ~e|webua|we iakew luekjw sue pekbck
eiegpjw |ewuopckpew `ew~|j~j|gajkc`cmekpe mcojw
Ewpe ~|akga~aj ew oc gjkp|cpue|gc `eo ckpe|aj|+ Webuk eo ~|akga-
~aj ij|mco ckpe|aj|/ kj ~j |icmjw em~oec| me ajw mcojw cuk-
sue ojw iakew iue|ck luekjw+ Ek ewe mawmj wu~uewpj ----sueojw
iakew weck luekjw-/ pcm~jgj ewpjw `elek ~|epek`e|we qc kj
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1< ^\AKGA^AJW ^\AKGA^AJW 17
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pew `ew~|j~j|gajkc`cmekpe mcojw+
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eiegpj mcoj/ kj ~|epek`a j+ Wa eo ~|akga~aj ij|mco akpekpcwe
am~e`a| pj`j eiegpj mcoj gjkweguekpe/ sue c|icmjw |e uga-
`jw c oc akckaga9k+
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kc| eiegpjw |ewuopckpew `ew~|j~j|gajkc`cmekpe mcojw/ c`suae|e
ukc am~j|pckgac gekp|co ek eo mjmekpc gjkpem~j|`kej `e oc
em~|ewc+
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|ewuopc`jw gjkweguekpew co jldepayj ~e|webua j+
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10 ^\AKGA^AJW ^\AKGA^AJW 15
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akwg|apcw ek eo gj|ct9k `e ojw hjml|ew/ guck j gjkp|c G|ejkpe
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kj ew ek wi mawmjw!+
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19 ^\AKGA^AJW ^\AKGA^AJW 12
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ek kj|mc ukaye|wco `e gjk ugpcZ -
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18 ^\AKGA^AJW ^\AKGA^AJW 11
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3>> ^\AKGA^AJW ^\AKGA^AJW 3>3
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3>< ^\AKGA^AJW^\AKGA^AJW 3>7
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3>0 ^\AKGA^AJW^\AKGA^AJW 3>5
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3>9 ^\AKGA^AJW^\AKGA^AJW 3>2
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5/10/2018 Principios Formales de Etica - slidepdf.com
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3>8 ^\AKGA^AJW
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