principles of animation
TRANSCRIPT
PRINCIPLES OF ANIMATIONApril 25, 2011
INTRODUCTIONThis week we will demonstrate our
understanding of the principles of animation by designing a scene that illustrates the 12 principles.
Today our goals are to: Become familiar with the 12 Principles of
Animation Examine some of the principles at work in a
modern animation Begin planning your own scene
PRINCIPLES OF ANIMATION1. Squash and
Stretch2. Anticipation3. Staging4. Straight Ahead v.
Pose to Pose5. Follow Through
and Overlapping Action
6. Slow In and Slow Out
7. Arcs8. Secondary Action9. Timing10. Exaggeration11. Solid Drawing12. Appeal
SQUASH
Gives the illusion of weight to an object as it moves
An object’s volume must not be changed when squashed or stretched.
Another Example
and
CC-BY-SA Lapman 2008
CC-BY-SA Lapman 2008
ANTICIPATIONPrepares the audience for the action and makes the
action appear more realistic
CC –BY-SA Dikeman 2004
STA
GIN
G
Click icon to add picture •A scene should reveal the attitude, mood, reaction or idea of the character or story. •Camera angles help frame this for the audience.
STRAIGHT AHEAD V. POSE TO POSE
Begins with the first drawing and works drawing toward the end of a scene.
Planned out and charted
Key drawings done at intervals throughout the scene
Straight Ahead Animation
Pose to Pose Animation
FOLLOW THROUGH AND OVERLAPPING ACTION When the main body of the character stops
all other parts continue to catch up to the main mass of the character, such as arms, long hair, clothing, or a long tail.
Animated Example
CC-BY-SA SunCreator 2010
SLOW IN AND SLOW OUT
More drawings near start and end pose.
Softens the action
CC-BY-SA Lapman 2008
ARCSAll actions, with few exceptions follow an arc or slightly circular path. © Road2Animate 2010
SECONDARY ACTION Action adds to the
main action and adds dimension to the character
TIMING Timing refers to the number of drawings or
frames for a given action On a purely physical level, correct timing
makes objects appear to abide to the laws of physics
Timing is critical for establishing a character's mood, emotion, and reaction.
EXAGGERATIONExaggeration is an effect especially useful for
animation, as perfect imitation of reality can look static and dull in cartoons.
SOLID DRAWING
The basic principles of drawing apply to animation as it does to academic drawing.
AP
PEA
L
Appeal includes an easy to read design, clear drawing, and personality development to capture the audience’s interest
SUMMARY The 12 Principles of Animation were
developed by the animators at Disney studios.
They serve as guidelines to make animation (drawn or computer generated) more realistic and appealing to an audience.
Let’s take a look at how these principles have been applied in an animation you are probably familiar with.
SAMPLE
REFERENCES"12 Basic Principles of Animation." Wikipedia, the Free
Encyclopedia. 23 Apr. 2011. Web. 24 Apr. 2011. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12_basic_principles_of_animation>.
"Frank & Ollie'sWebsite: Principles of Physical Animation." Frank & Ollie'sOfficial Site. Web. 24 Apr. 2011. <http://frankandollie.com/PhysicalAnimation.html>.
Lightfoot, Nataha. "Animation Toolworks' Library - 12 Principles." Animation Toolworks - Home of the LunchBox DV, LunchBox Sync and Video LunchBox. Web. 24 Apr. 2011. <http://www.animationtoolworks.com/library/article9.html>.
Stefano, Ralph A. "The Principles of Animation." Evl | Electronic Visualization Laboratory. Web. 24 Apr. 2011. <http://www.evl.uic.edu/ralph/508S99/>
IMAGESArc. Digital image. Road2Animate. 30 Apr. 2010. Web. 24 Apr.
2011. <http://road2animate.com/2010/04/30/12-principles-of-animation-for-3d-animators/>.
Dikeman, Rick. Pitcher's Motion. Digital image. Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. 15 Sept. 2004. Web. 24 Apr. 2011. <http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/Baseball_pitching_motion_2004.jpg>.
Lampman. Squash and Stretch. Digital image. Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. 27 June 2008. Web. 24 Apr. 2011. <http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/Squash_and_Stretch.svg>.
Nystrom, J-E. Animhorse. Digital image. Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. 6 Mar. 2010. Web. 24 Apr. 2011. <http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Animhorse.gif>.
All images courtesy Microsoft Office ClipArt, unless otherwise noted.