Prithiviraj BOONEEADYMeteorologist

Mauritius Meteorological Services

Overview ofETCCDI

&Production of NCMPs

ETCCDI

CCL/CLIVAR/JCOMM-Expert Team (ET) on Climate Change Detection and Indices (ETCCDI) + its predecessor CCL/CLIVAR WG on Climate Change Detection

• Coordinate international effort to develop, calculate and analyze indices which individual countries and regions can calculate in exactly the same way;

• Study the changes in the temperature and precipitation extremes.

HOW?1. develop a comprehensive list of indices meaningful

over the globe2. coordinate workshops for the preparation of

climate change indices.

Last decade workshops

Central and East Africa, Caribbean, South America, Middle East, Central, South Asia and South East Asia and South Pacific

October 2009- organised by COI under ETCCDI format @ Regional Meteorological Training and Research Centre for the Indian Ocean, Mauritius Meteorological Services (Experts– Lucie Vincent , Enric Aguilar)

2 Participants from the following countries: République des Comores, République de Madagascar, Republic of Mauritius, La Réunion (France) and Peoples Republic of Seychelles.

[Citation: Vincent, L. A., et al. (2011), Observed trends in indices of daily and extreme temperature and precipitation for the countries of the western Indian Ocean, 1961–2008, J. Geophys. Res., 116, D10108, doi:10.1029/2010JD015303.]

Previous Wkshps

Data

Participants brought digital long term (1961-2008) daily maximum and minimum temperature and precipitation data

The data period varied but sufficient (32 stations) to compute 1961-2008 trends.

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Com ores

M adagascarM aurice

R eunion

Seychelles

Ind ian O cean

Methodology

Monthly mean temperature and monthly total precipitation time series were examined for homogeneity using the software package RHTestsV3 (Environment Canada).

Adjustments were applied to 9 and 10 stations (Tx & Tn)Rainfall data were not adjusted.

For WIO, 13 temperature and 8 precipitation indices (on annual basis) were appropriate.

Daily temperature and rainfall data were quality controlled using RClimDex (Environment Canada).

Indices definition (WIO)Element Index Descriptive Name Definition Unit

Temperature TXMean Annual maximum temperature Annual mean of TX °CTNMean Annual minimum temperature Annual mean of TN °CDTR Diurnal temperature range Annual mean of difference between TX and TN °CSU25 Summer days Annual count when TX > 25°C daysTR20 Tropical nights Annual count when TN > 20°C daysTX90P Warm days Percentage of days when TX > 90th percentile %TX10P Cold days Percentage of days when TX < 10th percentile %TN90P Warm nights Percentage of days when TN > 90th percentile %TN10P Cold nights Percentage of days when TN < 10th percentile %TXx Highest TX Annual highest value of TX °CTXn Lowest TX Annual lowest value of TX °CTNx Highest TN Annual highest value of TN °CTNn Lowest TN Annual lowest value of TN °C

Precipitation PRCPTOT Annual precipitation Annual total precipitation mmSDII Simple daily intensity index Annual precipitation divided by number of wet days mmCDD Consecutive dry days Maximum number of consecutive dry days daysCDD Consecutive wet days Maximum number of consecutive wet days daysR10mm Heavy precipitation day Annual count of days when RR > 10 mm daysR20mm Very heavy precipitation days Annual count of days when RR > 20 mm daysRX1day Max 1-day precipitation Annual highest daily precipitation mmRX5day Max 5-days precipitation Annual highest 5 consecutive days precipitation mm

Trends

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°C / 48 yrs1 2-2 -1

Trends in annual means of daily maximum temperature (TXMean)

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°C / 48 yrs1 2-2 -1

Trends in annual means of daily minimum temperature (TNMean)

Trends in extremes

Sig. increase of 15 to 20% in the percentage of warm days (TX90P) and warm nights (TN90P)

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% / 48 yrs10 15-15 -10

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% / 48 yrs10 15-15 -10

Sig. decrease of 10 to 15% in the percentage of cold days (TX10P) and cold nights (TN10P).

Decadal Pptn trends

Annual precipitation has decreased by 2.76% per decade

Decadal trends in Pptn extremes

Production of NCMPs

• Host Regional Workshops with climate experts from NHMS

Process standard long term daily data >30yrs (different countries)

Use software packages

Increase understanding of regional Climate Change and strengthen regional cooperation on research

Ensure that NHMS maintain homogeneous climate data

Encourage the publication of Scientific Papers by participants T h a n k y o

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