priyambodo, m.sc. -...

Priyambodo, M.Sc.

staff.unila.ac.id/priyambodo [email protected]

• The Hardy – Weinberg law is formulated

independently by Godfrey H. Hardy and Wilhelm

Weinberg in 190

• The law is actually a mathematical model that

evaluates the effect of reproduction on the genotypic

and allelic frequencies of a population.

THE HARDY – WEINBERG LAW


• For an autosomal locus with two alleles, the Hardy-Weinberg

law can be stated as follows:

• Assumptions—If a population is large, randomly mating,

and not affected by mutation, migration, or natural selection,

then:

• Prediction 1 —The allelic frequencies of a population do

not change;

• Prediction 2 —The genotypic frequencies stabilize (will not

change) after one generation in the proportions p2 (the

frequency of AA), 2pq (the frequency of Aa), and q2 (the

frequency of aa), where p equals the frequency of allele A

and q equals the frequency of allele a.



• When genotypes are in the expected proportions of p2, 2pq,

and q2, the population is said to be in Hardy-Weinberg

equilibrium.



p the frequency of the dominant (A) allele

q the frequency of the recessive (a) allele

Calculated:

1. Prediction of allele frequencies

2. Prediction of genotype frequencies



(b) RR = 0.5 x 0.5 = 0.25

Rr = 0.5 x 0.5 = 0.25

rr = 0.5 x 0.5 = 0.25

ASSUMPTIONS


500 mahasiswa Jurusan Biologi FMIPA Unila diketahui 196 orang

bergolongan darah A, 73 golongan B, 205 O, dan 26 AB.

Tentukan frekuensi masing-masing alelnya!


Golongan Darah ABO

500 orang Goldar A = 196

Goldar B = 73

Goldar O = 205

Goldar AB = 26

(A+B+O)2 = A2 + 2AB + B2 + 2AO + 2BO + O2


Frekuensi Alel O

O2 = 205/500 = 0,41

O = √ 0,41 = 0,64

Jumlah Golongan Darah A dan O = 196 + 205 = 401

(A+O)2 = 401/500 = 0,802

A + O = √ 0,802 = 0,9

A = 0,9 – O = 0,9 – 0,64 = 0,26

A + B + O = 1

B = 1 – A – O

= 1 – 0,26 – 0,64 = 0,1


priyambodo, m.sc. -...

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