pro-poor responses to wildlife crime wildlife crime

8
Mariel Harrison Illegal Wildlife Trade (IWT) Challenge Fund

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Building capacity for pro-poor responses to wildlife crime in Uganda

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Page 1: Pro-poor responses to wildlife crime wildlife crime

Mariel Harrison

Illegal

Wildlife Trade (IWT)

Challenge Fund

Page 2: Pro-poor responses to wildlife crime wildlife crime

What is the problem?

London Conference on Illegal Wildlife Trade

Strengthen law enforcement

IUCN World Parks Congress

“protected areas should strive to contribute to poverty reduction at the local level, and

at the very minimum must not contribute to or exacerbate poverty”

vs.

Page 3: Pro-poor responses to wildlife crime wildlife crime

What are we going to do?

Page 4: Pro-poor responses to wildlife crime wildlife crime

Evidence reviewWildlife crime

Any harm (including intent and trade) to non-domesticated wild animals, plants and fungi, in contravention of national and international

laws and conventions

Nationale.g. from rural to urban

areas

LocalWithin ‘local’ community

of similar social status

SubsistenceFor use/consumption

personally/within household

CommercialTo generate monetary income or to

be used as currency

RevengeDamage caused to wildlife without material

‘use’, in response to livestock predation, crop raiding or social injustice for example

International

To meet the demand of the diaspora

community

To meet foreign demand

Pre-emptive Reactive

Page 5: Pro-poor responses to wildlife crime wildlife crime

Evidence review

OECD-DAC – Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Development Assistance Committee

Ability to earn an income, consume and have assets

Access to productive resources

Access to healthcare and good education

Ability to withstand economic and external shocks, affected by food insecurity, illness,

crime, war and destitution

Human rights, a voice, some influence over policies and

political priorities

Ability to participate as a valued member of a community

Page 6: Pro-poor responses to wildlife crime wildlife crime

Hunting bushmeat

Economic poverty(no livestock or money to buy meat)

Political poverty(injustice of revenue sharing)

Human poverty(malnutrition, worms, education)

Consume in household Sell Caught

Reduces economic poverty

(possess meat)

Reduces human poverty

(treat malnutrition)

Reduces economic poverty

(monetary income)

Reduces human poverty

(use income to pay school fees)

Increases economic poverty

(pay fines, absent earner)

Increases socio-cultural poverty

(loss of status and dignity)

Increases protective poverty

(insecurity, risk of capture)

Page 7: Pro-poor responses to wildlife crime wildlife crime

Is it the same scenario for all protected areas?

Is it the same scenario for all commodities?

Ivory poaching

Increased law enforcement?

Presence of armed poachers?

Recruitment of local people?

Reduces protective poverty

(improved local security)

Increases protective poverty

(worsens local security)

Reduces economic poverty

(local income and market)

Page 8: Pro-poor responses to wildlife crime wildlife crime

We need your help!Do you know of any examples of how wildlife crime interacts with poverty?

Or instances of wildlife crime unrelated to poverty?

Speak to me (Mariel) during one of the breaks today

e-mail me: [email protected]

Call me: 0786 713 070

Arrange to meet next week

Send me any reports or information you might have

Tell me of anybody who might be useful to talk to

THANK YOU!