problematic of energy in haiti problematic of energy in haiti - presented by ueh-haiti - campinas,...
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PROBLEMATIC OF ENERGY PROBLEMATIC OF ENERGY IN HAITIIN HAITI
Problematic of energy in Haiti - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004Problematic of energy in Haiti - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004
1 - 1 - SOURCES OF ENERGY USED IN HAITISOURCES OF ENERGY USED IN HAITI
Renewable energies in the haitian context - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004Renewable energies in the haitian context - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004
1.1 Firewood
1.2 Electricity
1.3 Oil products
1.4 Bagasse
1.5 Solar energy
1.6 Wind energy 1.7 other sources
1 - 1 - SOURCES OF ENERGY USED IN HAITISOURCES OF ENERGY USED IN HAITI
Renewable energies in the haitian context - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004Renewable energies in the haitian context - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004
1.1 Firewood
satisfies to about 74% of the national demand in energy
between 3.4 and 4.1 millions of metric tons every year / 10-15 millions of trees / from 1.6 to 1.7 millions of Teo
1 - 1 - SOURCES OF ENERGY USED IN HAITISOURCES OF ENERGY USED IN HAITI
Renewable energies in the haitian context - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004Renewable energies in the haitian context - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004
1.1 Firewood
USING :
between 3.4 and 4.1 millions of metric tons every year
10-15 millions of trees
about 1.6 to 1.7 millions of Teo
In rural localities : branches or dead trees
In cities by dry cleaning and bakeries : cut trees
In urban households: Charcoal from cut trees
1 - 1 - SOURCES OF ENERGY USED IN HAITISOURCES OF ENERGY USED IN HAITI
Renewable energies in the haitian context - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004Renewable energies in the haitian context - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004
1.1 Electricity
Cities are endowed of public electric networks
Installed capacity : 250 MW , per capita 31 watts
560 GWH = per capita 80 kWh / year
In the capital : 10 – 15 hours per day
1 - 1 - SOURCES OF ENERGY USED IN HAITISOURCES OF ENERGY USED IN HAITI
Renewable energies in the haitian context - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004Renewable energies in the haitian context - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004
1.2 Electricity
SOURCES
1991 2004
72 % Hydro 25 % Hydro
28 % Thermal 75 % Thermal
1 - 1 - SOURCES OF ENERGY USED IN HAITISOURCES OF ENERGY USED IN HAITI
Renewable energies in the haitian context - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004Renewable energies in the haitian context - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004
1.3 Oil products
Used in thermal power stations and especially in transportation
20% of the energy consumed in Haiti
1 - 1 - SOURCES OF ENERGY USED IN HAITISOURCES OF ENERGY USED IN HAITI
Renewable energies in the haitian context - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004Renewable energies in the haitian context - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004
1.4 Bagasse
Used in mini distilleries
140 000 tons per year / 15% used like fuels
1 - 1 - SOURCES OF ENERGY USED IN HAITISOURCES OF ENERGY USED IN HAITI
Renewable energies in the haitian context - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004Renewable energies in the haitian context - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004
1.5 Solar energy
Used in : households / drying the linen
agricultural sector / drying the harvests
Since years 90 : Photovoltaic path
1 - 1 - SOURCES OF ENERGY USED IN HAITISOURCES OF ENERGY USED IN HAITI
Renewable energies in the haitian context - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004Renewable energies in the haitian context - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004
1.6 Wind energy
Always be used for navigation (coasting, fishing)
In 1991 : a wind park of a 150 kW power
1 - 1 - SOURCES OF ENERGY USED IN HAITISOURCES OF ENERGY USED IN HAITI
Renewable energies in the haitian context - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004Renewable energies in the haitian context - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004
1.7 Other sources
Human and animal energies
Fiels of using : transportation, fishing, construction
2 – 2 – ANALYZE OF THE SITUATIONANALYZE OF THE SITUATION
Renewable energies in the haitian context - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004Renewable energies in the haitian context - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004
National Imported Firewood charcoal bagasse Hydro
électricity Diesel, kerosene,
fuel oil, etc…
total
Tteo 980 324.5 55 47.6 343.8 1751.4 % 56 18,52 3.14 2.71 19.63 100
Field of consumption
Households dry cleaning
bakeries
Households small
restaurants
Mini-distilleries
Public network
electricity
Transportation, thermal power
stations
Haiti - Production and import Primary energy
(In Thousands of tons equivalent of oil Tteo and in percentage %)
80 %
2 – 2 – ANALYZE OF THE SITUATIONANALYZE OF THE SITUATION
Renewable energies in the haitian context - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004Renewable energies in the haitian context - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004
Firewood and charcoal are destroying the forests
Surface in forest
1923 1952 TODAY
60% 18% 1.5%
2 – 2 – ANALYZE OF THE SITUATIONANALYZE OF THE SITUATION
Renewable energies in the haitian context - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004Renewable energies in the haitian context - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004
Hydro, solar and wind energies are under eploited
2 – 2 – ANALYZE OF THE SITUATIONANALYZE OF THE SITUATION
Renewable energies in the haitian context - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004Renewable energies in the haitian context - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004
Solar energy
Daily radiation nearing 5kWh/m2
Haiti is an excellent wind layer
Winds speed 5 – 7 m/s
3 – 3 – IMPROVEMENTIMPROVEMENT
Renewable energies in the haitian context - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004Renewable energies in the haitian context - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004
3.1 Projects of substitution
3.2 Research
using the renewable energies Faculty of agronomy had a cooperation with Wallon Region of Belgium
Faculty of Science had organized seminaries and exhibitions for its students in solar energy
4 – 4 – PROSPECTSPROSPECTS
Renewable energies in the haitian context - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004Renewable energies in the haitian context - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004
The University of State of Haiti (UEH) decides to lead serious research succeeding to a correction of the situation
finding international cooperations permitting a transfer of technology in renewable energies
This research will aim to find technologies being able to:
● Increase the energy production
● Especially be adapted to the Haitian reality with regard to the small isolated farming localities
Integrate the increasing public awareness of the improvement and the management of environment.
5 – 5 – CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION
Renewable energies in the haitian context - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004Renewable energies in the haitian context - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004
THANK YOU ALL !THANK YOU ALL !