East African and Brazilian Conservation Agriculture Manufacturers’ Trade Mission Workshop

IAPAR , LondrinaParaná, Brazil

19-21 May 2008

Proceedings

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Table of contents 1 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................... 2 2 WORKSHOP PROGRAMME....................................................................................................... 4 3 WORKSHOP PARTICIPANTS .................................................................................................... 6 4 PRESENTATIONS AND DISCUSSION....................................................................................... 9

4.1 DAY ONE............................................................................................................................... 9 4.1.1 Welcome address, Tiago Pellini, IAPAR deputy Director................................................. 9 4.1.2 Presentation of the East African delegation, Peter Chisawillo ......................................... 9 4.1.3 Presentation of the Brazilian delegation, Rafael Fuentes ................................................ 9 4.1.4 The Workshop objectives, process and flow, Brian Sims............................................... 10 4.1.5 The role of FAO in CA promotion in Africa and the CA-SARD Project, Josef Kienzle.... 10 4.1.6 ACT: networking and knowledge management for CA, Saidi Mkomwa ......................... 10 4.1.7 Evolution of No-tillage in Brazil, Ruy Casão Junior........................................................ 11 4.1.8 State of the art of no-tillage agriculture in Brazil, Ruy Casão Junior .............................. 12 4.1.9 Brazilian manufacturers’ presentation............................................................................ 12 4.1.10 East African manufacturers’ presentation.................................................................. 12 4.1.11 Synthesis of Day One............................................................................................... 12

4.2 DAY TWO ............................................................................................................................ 13 4.2.1 Kenya: Policy and Enabling environment for agricultural mechanization, Mwamzali Shiribwa ..................................................................................................................................... 13 4.2.2 Tanzania: Policy and Enabling Environment, Richard Shetto ........................................ 13 4.2.3 Experiences of international cooperation....................................................................... 14

BrazAfric, Maina Kariuki ............................................................................................................................. 14 Brazilian manufacturers’ export experiences............................................................................................. 14

4.2.4 One-to-One discussions ................................................................................................ 16 4.3 DAY 3 ................................................................................................................................. 17

4.3.1 The way forward (brainstorming session facilitated by Brian Sims) ............................... 17 4.3.2 CA in a global context, Ademir Calegari ........................................................................ 18 4.3.3 Concluding remarks, Josef Kienzle ............................................................................... 18

ANNEX 1. POWER POINT FILE 13. DEVELOPMENT OF NT IN RS, RAINOLDO KOCHHANN).... 19 ANNEX 2. POWER POINT FILE 14 RUY CASÃO’S REPORT......................................................... 19

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1 Introduction FAO has been introducing the conservation agriculture (CA) approach in various countries of sub-Saharan Africa through technical cooperation projects such as those in Kenya and Tanzania. Conservation agriculture, because of its reduced tillage and no-till components, is perceived to be a highly effective farming methodology in terms of input and energy (farm power) efficiency and its ability to enhance soil restoration and soil fertility. Both farm power and other inputs such as fertilizer are scarce in Kenya and Tanzania and so savings are important for raising agricultural productivity. Because of the perceived advantages, especially for small and medium sized farming enterprises, the CA approach is now being promoted through Government programmes in both countries. FAO has so far been procuring small batches of no-till equipment for small farmers (mainly hand jab planters – matracas – and animal traction planters) from Brazil for the Project sites. However, in order to make adoption of the CA approach more sustainable, it envisaged that procurement of such equipment would be better handled through the private sector. Looking further ahead, there is a desire that, in the long term, such equipment should be manufactured in the East African region in order to boost the rural industrial sector and create skilled employment. The second phase of the CA for Sustainable Agricultural and Rural Development (CA-SARD) Project1 has consequently been designed to be operational in Kenya, Tanzania and Brazil in order to fulfil the following objectives:

Expanded adoption of profitable conservation agriculture practices in Kenya and Tanzania.

Enhanced supply and availability of CA tools and equipment to farmers, - especially through improved private sector participation and networking between Brazil and East Africa.

Strengthen knowledge sharing and networking and foster government support for up-scaling of CA in East Africa.

The objective of enhancing the supply of CA equipment was introduced in order to support the transfer of knowledge and technology related to no-till techniques which comprise a fundamental component of the CA system. Three main activities were to be conducted in Brazil for the Project: 1. A CA Equipment and Supply Chain Study2. 2. A CA equipment manufacturing study tour with emphasis on both trade and manufacture

(East Africa to Brazil). 3. A manufacturers’ trade mission workshop (in Brazil with East African participation). The present document3 is a report of the results of the trade mission workshop held after a one week study tour by Kenyan and Tanzanian manufacturers to CA equipment manufacturers in southern Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina and Paraná states). The report of the

1 Project GCP/RAF/413/GER is funded from a German Government trust fund and executed by FAO. 2 This is part of a wider FAO study comparing farm power supply chain issues in three continents. 3 Compiled by Tom Apina and Brian Sims

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equipment supply chain study formed the basis for two Brazilian background presentations made on the first day of the workshop. An English version of the report is given in full in Annex 2. The workshop was held at IAPAR’s training centre in Londrina, Paraná from 19 – 21 May 2008. The Proceedings are organised as follows:

The Introduction gives the background to the Workshop together with its programme and participants.

All the presentations are then cited as separate files and the Workshop discussion generated is given for each.

All Worksop presentations are attached as separate files on the CD. A presentation on the evolution of CA in Rio Grande do Sul, which was given at the

Semeato factory, is included as an Annex.

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2 Workshop programme Monday, 19 May 2008 Facilitators 8.00 – 9.00 Registration / Open Space

9.00 – 9.15 Welcome note: Deputy Director IAPAR Deputy Director IAPAR

9.15 – 9.45 Introduction of Participants

Peter Chisawillo, Rafael Fuentes

9.45 – 9.55 Workshop objectives and Flow

Brian Sims

9.55 – 10.30 The role of FAO in CA promotion in Africa and the CA-SARD Project

Josef Kienzle

10.30 – 10.45 Coffee Break 10.45 – 11.15 ACT: networking and knowledge management

for CA

Saidi Mkomwa

11.15 – 12.30 Evolution of No-tillage in Brazil / Discussion

Ruy Casão-Junior; Brazil manufacturers

Barrack Okoba and

Rafael Fuentes

12.30 – 14.00 Lunch 14.00 – 15.00 State of the art of no-tillage Agriculture /

Discussion Ruy Casão Junior

15.00 – 16.00 Brazilian Manufacturers’ presentation Ruy Casão Junior 16.00 – 16.15 Coffee Break 16.15 – 17.15 East African manufacturers’ presentation Peter Chisawillo 17.15 – 18.15 Synthesis and way forward after the first day Patrick Makungu /

Barrack Okoba

Fátima Ribeiro and Brian Sims

Tuesday, 20 May 2008 Facilitators 8.00 – 9.00 Open Space

9.00 – 9.45 Kenya Policy and Enabling environment for agricultural mechanization

Mwamzali Shiribwa

9.45 – 10.30 Tanzania Policy and Enabling Environment

Richard Shetto

10.30 – 10.45 Coffee Break Experiences of international cooperation BrazAfric

Zenith Other experiences of international cooperation

1) Brazil - manufacturers 2) East Africa – manufacturers

11.15 – 12.30 Discussion and way forward

Patrick Makungu and

Fátima Ribeiro

12.30 – 14.00 Lunch 14.00 – 15.00 Individual (one to one) discussions by

appointments

15.00 – 15.30 Café 15.30 – 17.30 Individual (one to one) discussions by

appointments

17.00 – 18.00 Wrap-up / synthesis Patrick Makungu

Richard Shetto and Ademir

Calegari

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Day 3: Wednesday, 21 May 2008 Facilitators 8.00 – 9.00 Open Space

9.00 – 10.30 Individual (one to one) discussions by appointments

10.30 – 10.45 Coffee Break

10.30 – 11.30 Conclusions and wrap-up on individual discussions; way forward and future activities

Brian Sims; Mwamzali Shiribwa, Richard Shetto

11.30 – 12.30 IAPAR technical presentation on CA Ademir Calegari

12.30 – 13.30 Concluding remarks / Closure Josef Kienzle Saidi Mkomwa

13.30 – 14.30 Lunch pm Optional visit to Herbert Bartz’ farm

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3 Workshop participants

May 19-21 East Africa - Brazil CA manufacturers trade mission workshop participants Name Institution Town State ID Country email Address Telephone Mobile

Esmael Lopes dos Santos

FAPEAGRO Londrina Paraná 86025-310 Brasil esmael@fapeagro.org.br RUA PARANAGUÁ, 1672 - SALA 04

43 3334-1601 43 9922-2737

Vera Helena Vasques dos Reis Portella

FAPEAGRO Londrina Paraná 86025-310 Brasil vera@fapeagro.org.br RUA PARANAGUÁ, 1672 - SALA 04

43 3334-1601

Adoniran Antunes

Antunes Agropastoril

Itapua Paraguay antunes@itacom.com.py Ruta VI Km 45 Bella Vista

0767 340375

Tiago Martelli Semeato S/A Passo Fundo RS 99040-610 Brasil tiago.martelli@semeato.com.br BR 285, Km 177 - Bairro Industrial

54 3327-1811 54 9917-1900

Ephans King'oo

Ekima Engineering Works

Machacos, Kenya ekimaengineering@yahoo.com P.O. Box 702-90100

Boniface K. Kanja

BenMah Engineering Services Ltda.

Nairobi Kenya info@benmahproducts.com Komarock Road P.O. 74364-00200

020-3568877

S.M. Ngeru FEMO WORKS LTDA.

Kirinyaga Rd, Nairobu

Kenya femoworks@yahoo.com DESTAN BUILDING

020-245558

Vasimbile F. Sinde

SEAZ - Agricultural Equipment Ltd

Mbeya, Tanzania P.O. Box 2607 025-2510243

Maina Kariuki BrazAfric Nairobi Kenya P.O. Box 76561-00508

722292283

Mr. Mohamed Elmi

Farm Implements Designer

Manyara Tanzania P.O. Box 188 255-0784-930 356

Fabio Chencci Corrêa

Jumil S/A Batatais São Paulo

14300-000 Brasil fabio@jumil.com.br Rua Ana Luiza, 568

16 3660-1075

Brian Sims Consultor Bedford UK briangsims@aol.com Brourneside +44 (0) 1234271699

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May 19-21 East Africa - Brazil CA manufacturers trade mission workshop participants Name Institution Town State ID Country email Address Telephone Mobile

Mwamzali Shiribwa

Ministry Of Agriculture

Nairobi Kenya engshiribwa@gmail.com BOX 30028 +254203505467

Patrick J. Makungu

Camartec Arusha Tanzania pjmakungn@yahoo.com POBOX 764 Arusha

+255272553214

Thomas Owidi Apina

ACT Network Nairobi Kenya tom.apina@sustain.com.ke BOX 10735-00100

+254204444252

Frank A. Lesiriam

Nandra Engineerring Works Ltd

Moshi Tanzania nandra@xicheko.com Box 304 moshi 255272751542

Peter Chisawillo

Intermech Eng. Ltd

Morogoro Tanzania pchisamlla@intermech.biz POBOX 1278 +255713771182

Saidi Mkomwa

ACT Network Nairobi Kenya smkomwa@yahoo.com.uk POBOX 10375 +254204444252

Okoba Barrack

Kari Nairobi Kenya okoba2000@yahoo.com.br BOX 14733 721775086

Richard Shetto

Ministry Of Agriculture

Daressalaam Tanzania ymshetto@yahoo.com.uk POBOX 9192DSMT

255222862003

Marcio Di Loreto

Máquinas Agrícolas Jacto

Pompéia São Paulo

17580-000 Brasil mdiloreto@jacto.com.br R. Dr. Luiz Miranda, 1650

14 34052100

Tania Mara Bitter Krupp

Krupp Ind Metl Ltda.

Ararica RS 93880-000 Brasil kruppmet@uol.com.br Av. José A. Oliveira Neto

5135601081

Adriano Bossini

Baldan Matão São Paulo

15993-000 Brasil abossini@agritillage.com.br Av. Baldan NR 1500

016-33836555

Marie Luise C. Bartz

Rolândia Paraná 86600-000 Brasil bartzmarie@gmail.com Faz. Raenânia Cx.P. 387

43 32562427 43 9924-7521

João Henrique CAviglione

IAPAR Londrina Paraná 86001-970 Brasil caviglione@iapar.br Cx.P. 481 43 33762199

Paulo Augusto Krupp

Krupp Ind. Metalurgica

Ararica RS 93880-000 Brasil kruppmet@uol.com.br R. José Oliveira Neto, 348

05135601081

José Knapik Ind Knapik Porto União Santa Brasil Rua Alfredo 42 35222789

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May 19-21 East Africa - Brazil CA manufacturers trade mission workshop participants Name Institution Town State ID Country email Address Telephone Mobile

Catarina Metzler, 480 Inês Eneida Knapik

Ind Knapik Porto União SC Brasil knapik@knapik.com.br Rua Alfredo Mtzler, 480

42 35222789

Maria de Fátima Ribeiro

IAPAR Londrina PR 86001-970 Brasil fatima_ribeiro@iapar.br Polo IAPAR Ponta Grossa

42.322922829 84066780

Josef Kienzle FAO Roma 00152 Italy Josef.kienzle@fao.org Viale Terme Caracalla

390657052612 393443730

Augusto Araújo

IAPAR Londrina PR 86001-970 Brasil agaraujo@iapar.br Cx P. 481 4333762269

Ademir Calegari

IAPAR Londrina PR 86001-970 Brasil acalegari@iapar.br Cx P. 481 43.33762000

Rafael Fuentes Lanillo

IAPAR Londrina PR 86001-970 Brasil rfuentes@iapar.br Cx. P. 481 43 3376.2000

Ruy Casão Jr. IAPAR Londrina PR 86001-970 Brasil ruycasao@iapar.br Cx. P. 481 43 3376.2200 Jair Bottega Vence Tudo Ibirubá RS Brasil jair@vencetudo.ind.br

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4 Presentations and discussion 4.1 Day One 4.1.1 Welcome address, Tiago Pellini, IAPAR deputy Director There is no electronic presentation of this address. The following are the main points made:

He welcomed the participants from the East African and Brazilian manufacturers delegations to IAPAR.

IAPAR has a long history of research in no till with farmers and this includes development of appropriate no till equipment.

That the agricultural environment in Brazil is similar to that of some African regions, hence there are many opportunities to collaborate especially in transfer of technology.

That both Brazil and Africa were faced with great demand to improve the quality of farming through sustainable agriculture.

The support of many agencies, including international agencies, was fundamental to the development of the initial no till planters that have become so successful in Paraná.

The invitation by FAO for IAPAR to facilitate this workshop is a strong indication of their belief in IAPAR’s competence in the field and its commitment to development of no till and technology transfer.

The institute will continue to play a crucial role in linking industries in order to enhance adoption of no till and technology transfer.

The workshop aimed to develop the concepts and mechanisms for agro-mechanization technology transfer from Brazil to East Africa. The success of this will depend on the participants own knowledge and understanding of the prevailing environments to be encountered in East Africa.

Finally Tiago hoped that the workshop would fulfil the expectations of all the participants and would become to be seen as the landmark meeting for technology transfer from South Brazil to East Africa.

4.1.2 Presentation of the East African delegation, Peter Chisawillo Peter introduced the delegates from East Africa:

• Manufacturers • African Conservation Tillage Network – ACT • Ministries of Agriculture • Representatives of R&D • Importers

4.1.3 Presentation of the Brazilian delegation, Rafael Fuentes Rafael introduced the Brazilian participants:

• Semeato • Jumil • Fitarelli • Vence Tudo

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• Krupp • Baldan • Külzer & Kliemann • Antunes (Paraguay) • Socidisco • IAPAR

4.1.4 The Workshop objectives, process and flow, Brian Sims Brian presented the structure of the Workshop, how it was to be conducted and the results we hoped to achieve. The Power Point presentation is attached as 1. Brian Sims Workshop flow. 4.1.5 The role of FAO in CA promotion in Africa and the CA-SARD Project, Josef Kienzle Josef described the CA-SARD (Sustainable Agriculture for Rural Development) Project which links East Africa to Brazil. One of the landmark activities of the Project is this Workshop. The Power Point presentation is attached as 2. Josef Kienzle FAO and CA. The following discussion points were raised:

• Participants wanted to know the composition of the groups of farmers involved in the CA-SARD project (each group comprises 30 farmers).

• What are the amounts of arable land available en each East African country? Tanzania has 44 million ha, Kenya has 33 million ha. In both cases large percentages of potential arable land are under-utilised.

4.1.6 ACT: networking and knowledge management for CA, Saidi

Mkomwa Saidi gave an account of the aims and activities of ACT in Africa. The Power Point presentation is attached as 3. Saidi Mkomwa ACT in Africa. The following discussion points were raised: • How can ACT help with machinery evaluation and diffusion? Although this is not

precisely ACT’s function it does liaise with government institutions and NGOs for this purpose. Information on field performance is available from South Africa in many cases. ACT intends to have examples of all the CA equipment at its Nairobi HQ. Several companies (e.g. Jumil, Fitarelli, Baldan) have a list if equipment suitable for the African market. There is no need for intermediaries (or further testing). Although there was a suggestion that some CA equipment should be availed for testing and demonstration in Nairobi under the ACT umbrella in partnership with Brazilian manufacturers. This theme needs to be developed further as equipment flows from Brazil start to pick up.

• ACT is needed to open doors and to contribute to the creation of an enabling environment for CA in Africa, adoption and technology transfer.

• How does ACT plan to enhance CA equipment partnerships, machinery evaluation and technology diffusion? As a network promoting CA technology

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across Africa, ACT sees itself as a knowledge broker able to facilitate linkages between various players in the CA equipment chain and also in the transfer of technology.

• Will the Brazilian manufacturers deal directly with EA manufacturers or go through ACT? ACT is mainly a facilitator of the process hence the network promotes private-private partnerships. Capturing knowledge on successful partnerships, linkages and sharing with stakeholders is a key ACT agenda point.

• Antunes company is already exporting to South Africa, Cape Verde etc and is willing to give ACT details of their African distributing partners.

• It was suggested that Brazilian manufacturers have skilled personnel who are able to evaluate suitable CA equipment for various African market.

• Most Brazilian manufacturers especially Jumil, Fitarelli are willing to have CA equipment samples sent to ACT or to specific EA manufacturers for demonstration.

• Fitarelli in particular welcomed the idea of partnerships especially in the area of technology transfer.

• Baldan on the other hand already have a presence in 15 African countries where they have partnerships with specific companies to distribute their products. This includes TFSC4 in Tanzania and FMD5 in Kenya. The representative reported that there has been a steady increase in demand for no till equipment in the African market albeit at a very slow pace. There was a suggestion that an arrangement could be made with the local distributors in non-represented countries to demonstrate Baldan equipments.

• A government official in the East African delegation highlighted that the government role in the entire equipment chain was to facilitate the process and create an enabling environment for private-private partnerships.

4.1.7 Evolution of No-tillage in Brazil, Ruy Casão Junior Ruy described the history of the no-till revolution in Brazil (4 Ruy Casão Junior Evolution of NT in Brazil. Most of what he described can be referred to in his report given in Annex 2 File 14 Ruy Casão’s report. The following discussion point was raised: • What factors contributed to the up scaling of NT? Was it the government support?

Government support was key amongst other factors, farmers from all levels were also willing and enthusiastic to adopt no till especially after becoming convinced about the benefits, the technology disseminating teams (extension workers) were able to work directly with the farmers. The METAS project also made strategic contribution (see Rainoldo Alberto Kochhann’s Power Point in Annex 1. File 13. Development of NT in RS, Rainoldo Kochhann).

4 Tanzania Farmers’ Support Centre 5 Farm Machinery Dealers (Massey-Ferguson Distributor)

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4.1.8 State of the art of no-tillage agriculture in Brazil, Ruy Casão Junior Following his account of the history of NT in Brazil, Ruy continued with this description of the current situation (5 Ruy Casão Junior State of the art of NT in Brazil). Again most of the detail can be found in his report attached in Annex 2 of these proceedings. Discussion arising from the presentation:

How are the distributor networks for the no-till equipment manufacturers organized? Many family-based manufacturers have sales outlets within 80-200 km of the factory for ease of after sales service.

Most small scale farmers in Brazil were (and are) able to purchase animal traction no-till equipment due to a lot of project initiatives which are aimed at supporting them. For instance in the World Bank project which aimed at promoting no-till, the farmer groups were given 70% subsidies to purchase no-till equipment.

What interest rates are charged on loans advanced to small scale farmers? Around 6%.

4.1.9 Brazilian manufacturers’ presentation Facilitated and translated by Rafael Fuentes, the manufacturers in attendance (see 4.2.3) made brief presentations on their NT-related product lines of their companies. All of them expressed willingness to enter partnership with their East African counterparts. One manufacturer / trainer from Paraguay gave a Power Point presentation of his product line (6. Adoniran Antunes Product line). Other product lines can be seen at the respective company websites (all have them). 4.1.10 East African manufacturers’ presentation This was facilitated by Peter Chisawillo and the presentation is available. They too made brief presentations about their organizations and specific product lines. Each East African manufacturer made a short presentation covering the profile of their companies. The profiles were presented as a Power Point (7 East African Manufacturers’ profiles). They expressed willingness to learn more from the more experienced and developed Brazilian manufacturers and to explore the possibly of entering into partnership with them. 4.1.11 Synthesis of Day One Patrick Mukungu led a discussion summarising and synthesising the achievements of the Day 1 Proceedings (8 Patrick Mukungu Day One synthesis).

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4.2 Day Two 4.2.1 Kenya: Policy and Enabling environment for agricultural mechanization, Mwamzali Shiribwa The formal presentations on Day 2 mainly focused on the policy environment in the two East African countries. The Kenyan presentation (9. Mwamzali Shiribwa Kenya policy environment) produced the following discussion points:

• Participants were interested in understanding how taxation is applied to products assembled in Kenya. Mwamzali responded that it would depend on the agreement entered into and the Ministry of Agriculture would support any initiative related to agricultural implement manufacture.

• In a joint venture, it would be the responsibility of the local company to make application on behalf of the Brazilian company for tax remission.

• Participants wanted to know if CA was a priority in the national agricultural policy in the country (the SRA- Strategy for Revitalizing Agriculture). The goal is to raise agricultural sector production by 10% per year. Mwamzali reiterated that after the IIIWCCA6, CA was integrated into the ministry’s agricultural extension services. Information on CA is available on the MoA website as one of the recommended farming practices.

4.2.2 Tanzania: Policy and Enabling Environment, Richard Shetto Richard Shetto presented the policy environment situation for Tanzania (10. Tanzania policy environment). The following discussion points were raised:

• Participants were interested in knowing the rainfall reliability. Northern and southern Tanzania receive an average of 1000 mm (with a range of 400-1800 mm/year) while the central plateau receives less at 400-800 mm/year). In over 45% of the country the rains have become increasingly unreliable in the last 5-10 years.

• Participants wanted to know the importance of cassava in the country. It was

reported that it was one of the crops that the government was promoting but maize being the staple food crop, farmers preferred the latter more than the former.

• Participants wanted to know how the livestock - crop conflict was being

handled in the country. The conflict is more common among the small scale farmers compared with large scale farmers and they try to solve it through participatory discussion within the communities.

• Cassava is an important food crop as being actively promoted by GoT. Maize

is still preferred for food but cassava competes in lower, and less reliable, rainfall areas. The crop is used for family food and cash, but its use is limited

6 Third World Congress on Conservation Agriculture. Nairobi, 2005

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by a lack of machinery for processing. This is a good manufacturing and marketing challenge that is being taken up by Tanzanian entrepreneurs.

• Sugar cane is projected to be increasingly used for alcohol (bio-fuel)

production (currently 10 000 ha are devoted to this). There are currently four large companies in Tanzania, based on the commercial farm plus outgrowers model.

• Participants wanted to know how the Tanzania Investment Centre could be approached. They have a website (http://www.tic.co.tz/) and through that, one can access information and contact various departments. Its aim is to be a one-stop shop for would-be investors.

4.2.3 Experiences of international cooperation BrazAfric, Maina Kariuki BrazAfric imports goods to Africa, and part of their portfolio is agricultural machinery, including NT equipment. Maina’s presentation is available (11. Maina Kariuki, BrazAfric). Brazilian manufacturers’ export experiences Most Brazilian manufacturers of NT equipment have export experience. A brief summary of some of the information imparted is given below: Jacto has been exporting for 30 years to 80+ countries. There is an after sales support department which, in Africa covers Ethiopia, Zambia, Kenya, Tanzania. The sales chief for Africa is based in London. FMD is the Kenyan distributor and TFSC the Tanzanian. Knapsack sprayers are the main export item to Africa. Over 20 years ago Jacto had a partial manufacturing company in Kenya. The basis for this is that exporting sprayer tanks means exporting air and it makes more sense to export moulds and manufacture locally. However the venture did not endure (we couldn’t discover why). Fitarelli has an exporting subsidiary (Zenith Import/Export). Their view is that exporting is not difficult with a high quality product. They have exported to >30 countries (often via FAO to development projects). Zenith fills containers with products from a range of companies. Payment is always required before shipment. Fitarelli is willing to form partnerships and already gives technical orientation (for example in Laos, N. Korea, Uganda and South Africa). They would also be pleased to receive trainees in their factory where costs could be covered and sample machines donated. Socidisco offers a two-day training course (with English translation) on calibration and seed metering for users of NT machines.

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The company has no direct export experience as its products are exported as components of NT planters. In the future they are planning to form an export company in association with John Deere (Mexico). Baldan has long experience of exporting to dealers in Kenya and Tanzania (where they use the same outlets as Jacto). Dealers are carefully selected and trained to give full technical support. The policy is to provide:

• Good quality products • Good dealerships • Good service and spare parts.

Krupp exports directly or through export / import intermediaries. For example Comercial Exportadora processes exports to Africa (South Africa and Uganda). They find the markets and then purchase the products from Krupp and re–sell to local distributors. As in the case of Zenith, products will be found from various manufacturers to fill a container for export. Jumil seek an equilibrium between sales and after sales because ‘over selling’ without adequate service back-up leads to dissatisfaction and, eventually, to lower sales. The preferred sequence for exporting is to first know the region and then to select appropriate products before establishing partnerships with good dealers in each region. Only when the market is mature (with good local technicians and the machinery is well known and trusted) should technology transfer for manufacture be discussed. Knapik have some exporting experience and in 2008 have exported to South Africa. By means of FAO and Zenith they have exported part container loads. They regularly export to more local markets in Paraguay and Uruguay. Vence Tudo has its own export department. The company’s concern is to ensure that machines are correctly used in the receiving country. NT planters have been exported to Nicaragua, Cuba, Eritrea, N Korea, China, etc. Usually through FAO projects initially. But there are now >80 units in N Korea and they now wish to start manufacturing some parts, e.g. frames in that country. Technical training is given in-country. The company believes that a good dealer is essential. They use Dirk Koster (Intrac) in South Africa and he covers South Africa, Lesotho, Swaziland and Mozambique. They make the point that new models are two years in the development stage and local manufacture may be able to copy the body, but not the soul of the machine! Antunes has 31 years’ experience in Paraguay. They also export to South Africa from where the factory has received groups of farmers for training in the factory and on farm. This could be a possibility for East African manufacturers and users as Antunes is Fitarelli’s importer into Paraguay. Semeato exports to some 15 countries in Africa (including: Sudan, Angola, Algeria, Nigeria, Uganda, Mozambique…). For local manufacture to be considered the

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company would require a formal request which could be discussed with the Company directors. Külzer & Kliemann is forming a manufacturers’ group (APL) of various products with a view to increase their export potential. This idea of a manufacturers cluster was echoed by the Tanzanian delegation. 4.2.4 One-to-One discussions The remainder of the day was then left for one-to-one discussion between delegation from East Africa and their Brazilian counterparts. The main purpose of this session was to provide an opportunity and conducive environment for the parties to enter into constructive dialogue which would ultimately lead to greater availability of CA equipment to the EA region.

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4.3 Day 3 4.3.1 The way forward (brainstorming session facilitated by Brian

Sims) The intention was to capture the output of the one to one discussion between the manufacturers from Brazil and their East African counterparts. The discussion was structured around the following topics;

Training Manufacture Importation

Manufacture

While the East African manufacturers felt that they were ready for joint production of the implements through an agreement, their Brazilian counterparts felt that such a proposal would only be viable as a second option. They instead suggested that the first step would be to adapt the equipment to the region through creation of customer awareness and demand.

There was a general willingness to produce together in a joint venture but only after an evaluation of the parties’ interests have been factored in.

There was a suggestion that some samples of implements / equipments could be made available through ACT for demonstration to create more awareness.

Training

ACT believed that training on seed distribution in collaboration with Socidisco would make a positive contribution to better planter use in EA.

Training opportunities for complex manufacturing parts was necessary for the East African manufacturers.

Training on the equipment operation was pointed out as very critical especially with regard to user manuals which needed to be translated in English for the East African Market.

While there was suggestion that the CA-SARDII could support some training needs Josef (Project manager) explained that the project had limited funds and such an intervention would only be undertaken on a cost sharing basis.

The issue of bringing a delegation of technicians to Brazil for technical training in some identified and willing companies would be explored. Fitarelli and Antunes volunteered to offer catering and accommodation costs for such an initiative. Other companies were also willing to give some limited support. This option was left for further discussion and exploration by the EA delegation.

It was pointed out that the Ministries of Agriculture from both countries of East Africa needed to be involved in the training initiatives.

Importation

BrazAfric discussed importation possibilities with a number of Brazilian manufacturers. They discussed availability of English version marketing manuals / catalogues and operational manuals in order to promote the equipment in the region.

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Brazil is currently actively pursuing initiatives to promote development linkages with Africa. As an example of these agencies there is SEBRAE7 and ABDI8. These are agencies with a mandate to promote Brazilian products and industries in the world. As a first step to encourage their participation in the technology transfer process they will be provided with a concise summary of this successful trade mission workshop.

The Brazilian federal agricultural research service EMBRAPA9 has recently

established and Africa Office in Accra, Ghana. It is intended that EMBRAPA will also be approached to explore possibilities to collaborate in the same process. IAPAR will lead these discussions; and EA the initiative will be explored by both government representatives in the EA delegation. (Richard Shetto and Mwamzali).

4.3.2 CA in a global context, Ademir Calegari Ademir’s masterful presentation (12. Ademir Calegari CA in a global context) was a fitting conclusion to a very successful trade mission workshop. He highlighted the fact that there are 25 million hectares of NT in Brazil, but the total cultivated area is 56 million ha. And there are potentially 120 million more of degraded pasture where grass will be ploughed first and then the land will be converted to no-till agriculture. So there are still sales of conventional till equipment and there will be for some time to come. 4.3.3 Concluding remarks, Josef Kienzle

• There was need to identify institutions in EA which would explore collaborative project initiatives with Brazilian institutions.

• It was suggested that Brazil could take NT to the political arena by lobbying for its

adoption in the African continent. This option would be explored especially when the Brazilian president visits FAO later this year.

• It was suggested that the African governments needed to be proactive especially in

building on the platform created by the IIIWCCA held in 2005.

• In conclusion Mr Shetto speaking on behalf of the delegation said that the active participation of the Brazilian CA equipment manufactures had inspired them. He reiterated that both the government and the private sector had a role to play in making the CA equipment available to the farmers in the region.

• Josef concluded that the workshop was a key milestone towards linking the CA

equipment dealers in the two continents. He hoped that the CA/NT message would also be heard at the High Level Conference on Climate Change, Bio Energy and Food Security in FAO. His vision was that when leaders meet in Rome from 3 – 5 of June both the Brazilian president and the FAO Directors would recognize the potential of CA/NT for small farmers to adapt to climate change impact and to achieve more sustainable harvest in their discussions.

7 Serviço Brasileiro de Apoio a Pequena y Mediana Empresa 8 Agencia Brasileira de Desenvolvimiento Industrial 9 Empresa Basileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária

19

ANNEX 1. Power Point file 13. Development of NT in RS, Rainoldo Kochhann).

ANNEX 2. Power Point File 14 Ruy Casão’s report

This document contains the results of the trade mission workshop held after a one week study tour by Kenyan and Tanzanian manufacturers to CA equipment manufacturers in southern Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina and Paraná states). The workshop was held at IAPAR’s training centre in Londrina, Paraná from 19 to 21 May 2008.

All photos © FAO