PROCESS DESIGN:

USING NANOPARTICLES IN CANCER TREATMENT

HA NOI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY**** AdVANCEd training PROGRAM ****

Name : Hoàng Văn Ti n ếClass : MSE-K54ID Student : 20092697

CONTENT

• Problem

• Properties and characteristic of nanoparticles

• Use of nanoparticles in cancer treatment

• Applications and promises

• Summary

HOW MANY PEOPLE DIE FROM CANCER IN THE WORLD EACH YEAR ?

• Approximately 7.6 million people die from cancer each year (according to an article titled "ACS Report Focuses on Global Cancer Toll" which was published by the American Cancer Society-2012)

• Viet Nam: -240.000 – 250.000 people are being cancer-150.000 new each year-75.000 dead (2010 )

•

PROBLEM

Estimated cancer prevalence in the United States as of January 1, 2009

Males Females

All invasive cancer sites 12,549,000 5,809,000 6,740,000

Brain and other nervous system 135,000 71,000 65,000

Breast 2,762,000 14,000 2,747,000

Cervix 248,000 0 248,000

Colon & rectum 1,140,000 559,000 581,000

Endometrial cancer and Uterine sarcoma 590,000 0 590,000

What Is NanoBiotechnology?

NanodevicesNanoporesDendrimersNanotubesQuantum dotsNanoshells

Tennis ballA periodWhite blood cell

Water molecule

Nanoparticles Are Small Enough to Enter Cells

Cell

White blood cell

Water molecule

Nanodevices

Nanoparticles

-Most animal cells are 10,000 to 20,000 nanometers in diameter. nanoscale devices (less than 100 nanometers) can enter cells and the organelles inside them to interact with DNA and proteins. Tools developed through nanotechnology may be able to detect disease in a very small amount of cells or tissue. They may also be able to enter and monitor cells within a living body.

Manufacturing Nanodevices

Scattered X-rays

Atoms in crystal

Detector

NanodevicesCrystal White blood cell

CrystalX-ray beam

Nanodevices Can Improve Cancer Detection and Diagnosis

ImagingNanoBiotechnology Physical Exam,Symptoms

Quantum DotsUltraviolet

light off

Whiteblood cell

Watermolecule

NanodevicesQuantum dots

Quantum dots emit light

Ultravioletlight on

Quantumdots

Quantum dotbead

Quantum Dots Can Find Cancer Signatures

Cancer cells

Healthy cells

Quantum dot beads

Quantum dot beads

Healthy cells

Cancer cells

Improving Cancer TreatmentNanotechnology TreatmentTraditional Treatment

Intact noncancerous cells

Noncancerous cells

Toxins Nanodevices

Cancercells

Dead noncancerous cells

Noncancerous cells

Drugs

Deadcancercells

Deadcancercells

ToxinsCancercells

Nanoshells

Nanoshell

Whiteblood cell

Watermolecule

Nanodevices Nanoshells

Gold

Near-infrared light onNear-infrared light off

Nanoshell absorbs heat

− Nanoshells have metallic outer layer and silica core− Selectively attracted to cancer shells either through a

phenomena called enhanced permeation retention or due to some molecules coated on the shells

− The nanoshells are heated with an external energy source killing the cancer cells

Thermal ablation of cancer cells

Nanoshells as Cancer TherapyNanoshells

Dead cancer cells

Nanoshells

Cancer cells

Healthy cells

Intact healthy cells

Near-infrared light

Healthy cells

Cancer cells

- quantum dots to antibodies that guided them to prostate tumor sites in living mice, where they clumped together and were visible using a simple mercury lamp.

APPLICATIONS AND PROMISES

• Cantilevers Can Make Cancer Tests Faster and More Efficient

• Kill the cancer cells without affect to other cells

• Can deliver more of the active ingredient and control more precisely how quickly it is released compared with current leading cancer drugs.

• Cancer treatment by grammar rays(US) : 15.000 – 25.000 USD ((300.000.000 – 500.000.000 vnd)

• Many new drug treatments cost nearly $100,000 a year

• $93,000 for vacxin which can adds four months' survival, on average, for men with incurable prostate tumors.

POTENTIALS

• More cheaper than the traditional methods ( drug ,vacxin , UV ….)

• Low effect to the body (compare with Chemotherapy, Radiation Therapy…)

• Cancer treatment (until now) : tumor's natural recruitment of monocytes, Liver Cancer Treatment, Lung Cancer Treatment, Vaginal Cancer Treatment , Leukemia Treatment Overview….

• Bright futures in uses

CHALENGES

• Nanostructures can be so small that the body may clear them too rapidly for them to be effective in detection or imaging.

• Larger nanoparticles may accumulate in vital organs, creating a toxicity problem.

• Difficult to approximate amount of nanopartiles

• Cytotoxic Effect

REFERENCES

• http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470204506707938

• http://triplehelixblog.com/2011/09/nanorobots-novel-technology-for-cancer-therapy/

• http://www.nanotec.or.th/en/?p=3667

• Applications of gold nanoparticles in cancer nanotechnology -Weibo Cai ,Ting Gao,Hao Hong, Jiangtao Sun

• http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/understand

• en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_cancer_treatmentsingcancer

• Anti-Cancer Drug Loaded Iron–Gold Core–Shell Nanoparticles (Fe@Au) for Magnetic Drug Targeting-Sibnath Kayal and Raju Vijayaraghavan Ramanujan School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang ∗Technological University, 639798, Singapore

Thanks for your attention

QUESTIONS