producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
TRANSCRIPT
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8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
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8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
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8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
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8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
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8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
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8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
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8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
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8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
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8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
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8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
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8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
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8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
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rb$brbf+dks! m&s prd0br&s ?dt&0ktbs 3ub sb +umtdkr&f bf Dtkmdk brkf jb +&m&r k0krdmm& -
bf E $ubr&f jbs+rdt&s p&r bm 8&t/fd+& dtkmdkf& Sdbr& Kfjrbk Gkttd&md +&0& p&0&
j&r&! 0kf%kfk j&rkjk! jb k3u6 bm f&08rb jb p&0&j&r&' Bf F/p&mbs sb jbs+u8rd:
uf md8r& jb +&+dfk +&f rb+btks k 8ksb jb ?dt&0ktb 3ub $ub pu8md+kj& bf EC4! kuf3ub
kpkrbftb0bftb bm kut&r &8tu& sus rb+btks jb $ubftbs bspk=&mks' Bf 7rkf+dk!
jurkftb bm sd2m& .DDD $ub +&f&+dj& +&0& p&00b jk0&ur (& 0kf%kfk jb k0&r)>
5&- m&s jb +&m&r r&?& bst/f 0/s b1tbfjdj&s' Bf &tr&s pk6sbs bur&pb&s s&m& sb
utdmd%k8kf bf $kr0k+dk - ks6 sb 0kftudbr&f bf Kmb0kfdk 5kstk +&0dbf%&s jbm sd2m&
D' M&s bspk=&mbs - p&rtu2ubsbs jd$ufjdbr&f bm ?dt&0ktb k Nrdbftb Gbjd& - $rd+k! -jb kmm6 k &tr&s pk6sbs ksd/td+&s'
Jb k+ubrj& +&f ;0dt5 (E)! bf "rkf Hrbtk=k bm ?dt&0ktb f& sb +&0bf%: k +umtdkr
sdf& 5kstk E9' Rf& jb m&s prd0br&s +umtdkj&rbs $ub I&5f "brkrj! uf pbmu3ubr&
+dru?kf&' Bm md8r& tdtumkj& [dbr8ks jb "brkrj! $ub pu8md+kj& bf E
0bjdjk pmk2dkj& jb $ubftbs +&ftdfbftkmbs! bs tk08df ufk jb mks rb$brbf+dks 0/s
kftd2uks jbm ?dt&0ktb bf Df2mktbrrk' "brkrj sup& 3ub bm ?dt&0ktb sb +&fsu0d: tkft& bf
Bspk=k +&0& bf Dtkmdk' ;df b08kr2&! m k$dr0k8k 3ub brk t:1d+& (mks 5&?ks - m&s tkmm&s
jbm ?dt&0ktb +&ftdbfbf 2md+&km+km&djbs t:1d+&s! pbr& mk $rutk 0kjurk bs sb2urk)' M&s
puft&s jb dstk jb "brkrj brkf df$mu-bftbs! - bm ?dt&0ktb sb +&fsdjbr: f& kpt& pkrk
sbr +&fsu0dj& (kuf3ub f& fb+bskrdk0bftb t:1d+&) jurkftb 0u+5&s k=&s bf "rkf
Hrbtk=k - sus +&m&fdks f&rtbk0brd+kfks' ;df b08kr2&! bf bm sd2m& .DDD! bm ?dt&0ktb sb
+&fsu0d: b1tbfsk0bftb bf "rkf Hrbtk=k! - kftbs jbm $df jb bsb sd2m& mk Bf+d+m&pbjdk
Hrdt/fd+k dfjd+: 3ub bm ?dt&0ktb brk jb us& jdkrd& bf s&pks! +kmj&s - kjbrb%&s' K
pkrtdr jb Bur&pk tk08df sb jd$ufjd: k Bstkj&s Rfdj&s - Okfkj/! b0pb%: k+&0br+dkmd%krsb bf Bstkj&s Rfdj&s 5k+dk bm k=& E'
Jb8b f&tkrsb 3ub k fdbm pr/+td+k0bftb 2m&8km! sb utdmd%k mk pkmk8rk t&0ktb bf krd&s
djd&0ks (+&f md2br&s +k08d&s bf mk tbr0dfk+d:f) pkrk rb$brdrsb km kftd2u& 1dt&0ktm jb
m&s 0b1d+ks - km k+tukm ?dt&0ktb jb G1d+&' Mk pkmk8rk t&0ktb! &rd2dfkm0bftb sb
8
-
8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
16/90
rb$dbrb k &trk bspb+db (S`yskmds dxnokrpk)! & tk08df mmk0kj&! t&0ktdmm&! t&0ktb brjb
& jb +/s+krk' Bs p&r bmm& 3ub k pbskr jb 3ub bf jdbrs&s krt6+um&s +dbft6$d+&s
0bf+d&fbf km $rut& jb dftbrs +&0& ”?dt&0ktb#! bf mk prbsbftb tbsds sb utdmd%kr/ mk
pkmk8rk ”t&0ktb#'
?..; O+*!8$*$( %*:&(3$*
Bs d0p&rtkftb 3ub sb t&3ub bm puft& jbm f&08rb +dbft6$d+& +&f bspb+dkm +udjkj&'
Kftbrd&r0bftb sb 0bf+d&fkr&f mks p&sd8mbs jds+rbpkf+dks bf bm f&08rb +&0,f! bst&
bs +&0prbfsd8mb jkj& mk fkturkmb%k jb m&s f&08rbs um2krbs' ;df b08kr2&! f& sb
pubjb pbr0dtdr 3ub k fdbm +dbft6$d+& 5k-k +&f$usd&fbs! p&r bmm& sb k8ufjkr/ bf bmtb0k' K+tukm0bftb! bf fu0br&s&s krt6+um&s +dbft6$d+&s jb jdbrs&s pk6sbs! sb 0kfb?k
”Myonpbrsdonf bsoumbftug Gdmm'# +&0& f&08rb +dbft6$d+& jbm t&0ktb> bst& bs
+&0prbfsd8mb sd sb +&fsdjbrk 3ub! 5kstk 5k+b km2uf&s k=&s! bsb brk +&fsdjbrkj& bm
f&08rb +&rrb+t&' ;df b08kr2&! jbsjb 499E! bsb f&08rb -k f& bs k+bptkj& - mk
,fd+k p&sd8mb sdf&fd0dk bs Myonpbrsdonf myonpbrsdoug' Mk tbr0dfk+d:f ”Gdmm'# jb
Myonpbrsdonf bsoumbftug bs ufk k8rbdkturk 3ub sb rb$dbrb k S5dmdpb Gdmmbr! 8&t/fd+&
bs+&+s +&ftb0p&r/fb& jb Okrm&s Mdffb&! 3udbf mb ksd2f: bsb f&08rb'
O*,)& . O+*!8$*$( %*:&(3$* ,#+ %&3*%#.Zk1:fXbdf& Smkftkb;u8rbdf& Zrk3ub&8d&ftk;upbrjddsd:f ;pbr0kt&p5-tkJddsd:f Gk2f&md&p5-tkOmksb Gk2f&md&psdjk;u8+mksb KstbrdjkbNrjbf ;&mkfkmbs7k0dmdk ;&mkfk+bkb"fbr& ;&mkfu0
Bspb+db _nmkfug myonpbrsdougF&08rb
8df&0dkm_nmkfug myonpbrsdoug M
7ubftb Ad@dpbjdk'Skrk rb$brdrsb +&f +brtb%k k km2ufk bspb+db p&r su f&08rb +dbft6$d+&! bs +&fbfdbftb
+&fsumtkr km2ufk jb mks 8ksbs jb jkt&s k+bptkjks - k+tukmd%kjks s&8rb f&0bf+mkturk
- tk1&f&06k' Bftrb bmmks! sb pubjbf 0bf+d&fkr mks sd2udbftbs
-
-
8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
17/90
k) Mk 7m&rk Gbs&k0brd+kfk! ufk +&mk8&rk+d:f bftrb mk Rfdbrsdjkj Fk+d&fkm
Kut:f&0k jb G1d+&! bm Ikrj6f H&t/fd+& jb bA - bm Ikrj6f H&t/fd+& jb Gdss&urd'
(5ttp__0&8&t'0&8&t'&r2_Z_;bkr+5_0bs&'5t0m)
8) Z5b B1pbrt Obftbr $&r Zk1&f&0d+ Djbftd$d+ktd&f! ufk 8ksb jb jkt&s jb b1pbrt&s bftk1&f&06k jb m&s Sk6sbs Hk?&s ([&mkfjk)' (5ttp__AAA'btd'uk'fm)
+) Mk 8ksb jb jkt&s ”Zr&pd+&s# jbm Gdss&urd H&tkfd+km "krjbf df$&r0k s&8rb mk
pu8md+k+d:f &rd2dfkm - sdf:fd0&s' Zdbfb bfmk+bs k m&s jkt&s jb jdstrd8u+d:f sb2,f m&s
b?b0pmkrbs jbp&sdtkj&s bf bstb 5br8krd&! +&f mk p&sd8dmdjkj jb 0kpbkrm&s' Skrk
0u+5ks bspb+dbs tdbfb bfmk+bs k $m&rks - mdstks $m&r6std+ks! ks6 +&0& d0/2bfbs jb
b?b0pmkrbs jb 5br8krd&! b?b0pmkrbs bf d& - mk jbs+rdp+d:f &rd2dfkm'
j) Mk p/2dfk jb mk bspb+db bf bm ;DDZ (;dstb0k Dftb2rkj& jb Df$&r0k+d:f Zk1&f:0d+k)
jb ONFKHDN! 3ub bs mk brsd:f bf bspk=&m jbm DZD; (Dftb2rktbj Zk1&f&0d+
Df$&r0ktd&f ;-stb0) jbm Jbpkrtk0bft& jb K2rd+umturk jb m&s Bstkj&s Rfdj&s!
+&ftdbfb df$&r0k+d:f tk1&f:0d+k +&f fu0br&s&s bfmk+bs k &trks 8ksbs jb jkt&s - k
8us+kj&rbs jb dftbrfbt' S&r b?b0pm&! 5k+b ufk 8,s3ubjk kut&0/td+k jb d0/2bfbs jb
mk bspb+db bf "&&2mb - 0ubstrk uf 0kpk jb jdstrd8u+d:f jb mk "m&8km Hd&jdbrsdt-
Df$&r0ktd&f 7k+dmdt-! "HD7'
b) Bf bm Dftbrfktd&fkm Smkft Fk0b Dfjb1 (DSFD)! 2bfbrkm0bftb sb bf+ubftrk mk +dtk
&rd2dfkm jb mk bspb+db' ;b bfmk%k k 8,s3ubjk jb df$&r0k+d:f bf mk 8ksb jb jkt&s jbm
Fktd&fkm Obftbr $&r Zk1&f&0- Df$&r0ktd&f! Fktd&fkm Dfstdtutbs &$ [bkmt5! R';'K' Km
8us+kr mk bspb+db! f& s&m& kpkrb+bf rb$brbf+dks k jkt&s 2bftd+&s sdf& tk08df
bfmk+bs k Su8Gbj! ufk 8ksb jb jkt&s jb mdtbrkturk 8d&0jd+k - k Su8GbjObftrkm!
j&fjb sb pubjbf +&fsumtkr 0u+5&s krt6+um&s bf m6fbk bf $&r0k 2rktudtk'
(5ttp__AAA'dpfd'&r2)
$) Mk 8ksb jb jkt&s SMKFZ;! jbm Jbpkrtk0bft& jb K2rd+umturk jb Bstkj&s Rfdj&s
+&ftdbfb df$&r0k+d:f s&8rb mk tk1&f&06k! jdstrd8u+d:f jb mk bspb+db bf B'R'K'!
bstktus - rb2mk0bftk+d:f +&0& dfksdk bf su +ks&' Zk08df tdbfb dmustrk+d&fbs -
:
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8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
18/90
bfmk+bs k 0/s 8ksbs jb jkt&s (2' "XDF "br0pmks0 Xbs&ur+bs Df$&r0ktd&f
FbtA&r@! +&f k8ufjkftb df$&r0k+d:f)'
;b 0bf+d&fk +&0& sdf:fd0& k _nmkfug myonpbrsdoug M' pkrk mk $&r0k sdmbstrb! ;DDZ
- SMKFZ; utdmd%kf bm f&08rb _nmkfug myonpbrsdoug M' kr' +brksd$&r0b (Jufkm);p&&fbr! I' Kfjbrs&f - X'' Ikfsbf> "XDF usk Myonpbrsdonf bsoumbftug Gdmm' kr'
+brksd$&r0b (Jufkm) K' "rk-' Mk $&r0k sdmbstrb k b+bs sb +mksd$d+k +&0&
Myonpbrsdonf bsoumbftug kr' mbpt&p5-mmu0 (Jufkm)' ;df b08kr2&! $ubrk jb m&s
df?brt&s! mk bspb+db +umtdkjk 0ufjdkm0bftb bs _nmkfug myonpbrsdoug M'
?..? J#!$)"$( 2&%5($*
Bm t&0ktb bs ufk pmkftk pbrbffb jb p&rtb kr8ustd& 3ub sb +umtdk +&0& kfukm' Mk
pmkftk pubjb jbskrr&mmkrsb jb $&r0k rkstrbrk! sb0drrb+tk & brb+tk! - bs md0dtkj& bf mks
krdbjkjbs jbtbr0dfkjks b dmd0dtkj& bf mks krdbjkjbs dfjbtbr0dfkjks! pujdbfj&
mmb2kr! bf bstks ,mtd0ks! k E9 0 bf uf k=& (Xd+@! E
-
8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
19/90
jb rbp&s& jb ufks 9 5&rks jurkftb bm +ukm f& sb &8sbrk fdf2,f +k08d& bf mk
kfkt&06k fd bf mk k+tddjkj 0btk8:md+k jb mk sb0dmmk' S&stbrd&r0bftb! mk sb0dmmk
+&0dbf%k k k8s&r8br k2uk jb fub&! dfd+d/fj&sb mk btkpk jb +rb+d0dbft& ks&+dkjk
+&f mk b0br2bf+dk jb mk rkj6+umk (HbAmb- - Hmk+@! E4)'
M* )*10
Bm sdstb0k rkjd+km jbm t&0ktb bst/ +&fstdtudj& p&r mk rk6% prdf+dpkm! rk6+bs sb+ufjkrdks
- p&r rk6+bs kjbftd+dks' Mk rk6% prdf+dpkm +rb+b uf&s 4! +0' jdkrd&s 5kstk mmb2kr k m&s
C9 +0' jb pr&$ufjdjkj' ;d0umt/fbk0bftb sb pr&ju+bf rk0d$d+k+d&fbs - rk6+bs
kjbftd+dks! t&j& m& +ukm +&f$&r0k uf k0pmd& sdstb0k rkjd+umkr 3ub pubjb k8kr+kr
ufk b1tbfsd:f jb E' 0' jb jd/0btr& p&r E' 0' jb pr&$ufjdjkj' Rfk sb++d:f
trkfsbrskm jb mk rk6% prdf+dpkm p&fb jb 0kfd$dbst& mk b1dstbf+dk jb trbs %&fks+mkrk0bftb jd$brbf+dkjks mk bpdjbr0ds! bm +:rtb1 - bm +dmdfjr& ks+umkr'
Mks rk6+bs sb+ufjkrdks sb &rd2dfkf bf mks +mumks jbm pbrd+d+m& - b0br2bf k trks jbm
+:rtb1' Bm 1dmb0k jb bstks rk6+bs $&r0k uf sdstb0k tbtrkr+k +&f +uktr& kmks bf +ru%'
Mks rk6+bs kjbftd+dks! sd0dmkrbs bf su bstru+turk k mks mktbrkmbs! sb jbskrr&mmkf
prdf+dpkm0bftb k pkrtdr jb mk 8ksb jbm tkmm& bf +&fjd+d&fbs $k&rk8mbs (Sd+@bf bt km.,
EC)' Bm sdstb0k rkjd+km tdbfb +&0& $uf+d&fbs mk k8s&r+d:f - bm trkfsp&rtb jb
futrdbftbs! ks6 +&0& mk su?b+d:f & kf+mk?b jb mk pmkftk km subm&'
B+ %*++&
Bm tkmm& t6pd+& tdbfb bftrb 4 - +0 jb jd/0btr& bf mk 8ksb! s&8rb bm sb kf
jbskrr&mmkfj& 5&?ks! tkmm&s sb+ufjkrd&s b df$m&rbs+bf+dks' Bst/ +u8dbrt& p&r trd+&0ks
2mkfjumkrbs - f& 2mkfjumkrbs 3ub skmbf jb mk bpdjbr0ds +u-k bsbf+dk +&f$dbrb su
kr&0k +krk+tbr6std+& k mk pmkftk' Jb8k?& jb mk bpdjbr0ds sb bf+ubftrk bm +:rtb1 +u-ks
+mumks 0/s b1tbrfks tdbfbf +m&r&$dmk - s&f $&t&sdfttd+ks! 0dbftrks mks 0/s dftbrfks
s&f jb tdp& +&mbf3ud0/td+& - k-ujkf k s&p&rtkr bm tkmm&' Bf bm b1trb0& jbm tkmm&
prdf+dpkm sb bf+ubftrk bm 0brdstb0& kpd+km! ufk rb2d:f jb jddsd:f +bmumkr k+tdk
j&fjb sb dfd+dkf m&s fub&s prd0&rjd&s $&mdkrbs - $m&rkmbs' Zdbfb $&r0k jb +,pumk -
bst/ pr&tb2dj& p&r mks 5&?ks rb+df $&r0kjks (Sd+@bf bt km '! EC)'
2
-
8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
20/90
Mk bm&+djkj jb bm&f2k+d:f jbm tkmm& ku0bftk 2bfbrkm0bftb +&f mk tb0pbrkturk
(Okmbrt! EC)! jkfj& mu2kr k tkmm&s 0ks jbm2kj&s +&f ufk 0k-&r pr&p&r+d:f jb
tb?dj& pkrbf3ud0/td+& - jb k2uk' Mk tb0pbrkturk :ptd0k pkrk mk bm&f2k+d:f jbm tkmm&
bs jb uf&s 9 O pkrk pm/ftumks ?:bfbs - jb E U E O pkrk pmkftks kjumtks' Mk
bm&+djkj jb bm&f2k+d:f jbm tkmm& jds0dfu-b k 0bjdjk 3ub mk f&+5b sb 5k+b 0ks
mkr2k (rdst&$$brsbf! EC)'
M* 4&9*
Mks 5&?ks jbm t&0ktb s&f pdfkj& +&0pubstks' Rfk 5&?k t6pd+k jb mks pmkftks
+umtdkjks tdbfb uf&s 9 +0' jb mkr2&! +&f uf 2rkf $&md&m& tbr0dfkm - 5kstk 2rkfjbs
$&md&m&s mktbrkmbs! 3ub pubjbf! k su b%! sbr +&0pubst&s' M&s $&md&m&s bst/f
rb+u8dbrt&s jb trd+&0ks! s&f usukm0bftb pb+d&mkj&s - m&8umkj&s drrb2umkr0bftb +&f8&rjbs jbftkj&s'
Mk dfd+dk+d:f jb mks 5&?ks sb pr&ju+b k dftbrkm&s jb 4 U j6ks! bf $uf+d:f jb mks
+&fjd+d&fbs k08dbftkmbs' Bf 2bfbrkm! mk pr&ju++d:f jb 5&?ks - jb prd0&rjd&s $&mdkrbs
ku0bftk +&f mk drrkjdk+d:f jdkrdk - +&f mk tb0pbrkturk! sdbfj& +&fstkftbs +ukfj& mks
+&fjd+d&fbs k08dbftkmbs tk08df m& s&f (dfbt! E
-
8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
21/90
md0dtk sbrdk0bftb bm +rb+d0dbft&! bm bstrs 56jrd+& pubjb pr&0&br bm jbskrr&mm& $m&rkm
(Kt5brt&f - [krrds! EC)' Mks df$m&rbs+bf+dks sb jbskrr&mmkf +kjk 4 5&?ks bf mks
k1dmks'
Jbspus jbm dfd+d& jb mks $m&rbs! su bm&+djkj jb +rb+d0dbft& - jbskrr&mm&! ks6 +&0& bm
k8&rt& jb mks -b0ks $m&rkmbs! bst/f df$mudj&s p&r mks +&fjd+d&fbs k08dbftkmbs jbm
8r&tb' Mks $m&rbs sb jbskrr&mmkf 0/s jbprdsk k ufk tb0pbrkturk jb 49 O 3ub k EC O!
- kjb0/s sb pr&0ubb ufk $m&rk+d:f 0ks tb0prkfk bf mk sb2ufjk df$m&rbs+bf+dk
(Okmbrt! EC)' Mks tb0pbrkturks jdurfks s&f 0/s b$b+tdks 3ub mks f&+turfks bf mk
pr&0&+d:f jbm jbskrr&mm& jb mks $m&rbs (Mk@b! EC
-
8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
22/90
E) -! km $dfkm jbm 0ds0&! bm $rut& 5k km+kf%kj& pr/+td+k0bftb su 0/1d0&
jbskrr&mm&'
' Zbr+br pbrd&j& jb +rb+d0dbft& mbft&! jb ufks j&s sb0kfks! bf bm 3ub bm
ku0bft& bf bm pbs& jbm $rut& bs pb3ub=& pbr& sb pr&ju+bf m&s +k08d&s
0btk8:md+&s +krk+tbr6std+&s jb mk 0kjurk+d:f' Mk d0p&rtk+d:f jb ksd0dmkj&s
p&r bm $rut& tbr0dfk uf&s E9 j6ks jbspus jbm dfd+d& jbm +k08d& jb +&m&r! -k
kkf%kj& bm pr&+bs& jb 0kjurk+d:f'
Bm tk0k=& $dfkm jbm $rut& bst/ bstrb+5k0bftb +&rrbmk+d&fkj& +&f bm f,0br& jb
sb0dmmks - bm f,0br& jb m:+um&s' Bm f,0br& jb sb0dmmks kr6k! t6pd+k0bftb! bftrb 9 -
499 (Fub%! 499E)' Mks tb0pbrkturks bmbkjks pubjbf pr&0&br mk b1bf+d:f jbm
bstdm& - rbju+dr mk kut&p&mdfd%k+d:f - +uk?kj& jbm $rut&'
?.; _%*$( < ")&,$$( 3(,*+
S&+ks s&f mks 5&rtkmd%ks 3ub k fdbm 0ufjdkm prbsbftkf ufk jb0kfjk tkf kmtk! ufk jb
bmmks bs bm t&0ktb & t&0ktb' Mk d0p&rtkf+dk jbm pr&ju+t& rkjd+k bf mks +ukmdjkjbs 3ub
p&sbb pkrk dftb2rkrsb bf mk prbpkrk+d:f jb kmd0bft&s! -k sbk +&+dfkj& & 8dbf +ruj&
bf mk bmk8&rk+d:f jb bfskmkjks' Bm t&0ktb bs mk kp&rtk+d:f b2btkm jb G1d+& 0/s
b1tbfjdjk 0ufjdkm0bftb' ;u k+bptk+d:f bf mks jdbrsks +umturks jbm 0ufj& m& u8d+k
+&0& bm sb2ufj& pr&ju+t& 5&rt6+&mk 0/s +&fsu0dj& k fdbm 0ufjdkm'
Bf m&s ,mtd0&s k=&s mk pr&ju++d:f 0ufjdkm pr/+td+k0bftb sb 5k 0kftbfdj& bstk8mb!
+&f uf fdbm pr&0bjd& kfukm jb C 0dmm&fbs jb t&fbmkjks' M&s $k+t&rbs 3ub 5kf
pbr0dtdj& mk bstk8dmdjkj bf mk pr&ju++d:f s&f jb rbfjd0dbft& 0/s 3ub p&r
$mu+tuk+d&fbs bf mk supbr$d+db +&sb+5kjk' Jurkftb bm mkps& jb E - E m&s
rbfjd0dbft&s 0ufjdkmbs pr&0bjd& jb t&0ktb 5kf +rb+dj& bf '! 0dbftrks 3ub mk
supbr$d+db +&sb+5kjk m& 5k 5b+5& bf
-
8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
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-
8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
24/90
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8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
25/90
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8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
26/90
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8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
27/90
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-
8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
28/90
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-
8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
29/90
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8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
30/90
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-
8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
31/90
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8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
32/90
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-
8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
33/90
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O*,)& C. J&!! ,# 8#)%+0*$( )#$&3#(,*,* "*)* #+ $+%/& ,# %&3*%# #( (/#)(*,#)&"*)* +*! ,8#)#(%#! #%*"*! ,# ,#!*))&++&. M*! (,*,#! ,# +&! ,*%&! !&( L' ,#
(%)#(%# 4#$%5)#* ,1*.
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7ubftb Okstbmmkf&s (499)'
O*,)& . U*+&)#! ,# )#8#)#($* !'#),&! "*)* +* (%#)")#%*$( ,#+ *(5+!! ,# #:%)*$%&,# "*!%* "*)* !#+&! # #!%5( 2*9& #:"+&%*$( #( (/#)(*,#)&.
J#%#)3(*$( G< 2*9& H*9& G&,.2*9&
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OB! j;_0 Y9' 9'E'9 E'9E' E'4' 4''9 '9'9 P'9XK; YE'9 '94'9 4'9'9 '9'9 '9
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8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
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;N\0b_M YE'9 E'94'9 4'9'9 '9C'9 C'9E9'9 E9'9E'9 PE'9Om0b_M YE'9 E'94'9 4'9'9 '9C'9 C'9E9'9 E9'9E'9 PE'9[ON0b_M Y9' 9'E'9 E'94'9 4'9'9 '9'9 '9E4'9 PE4'9ON\0b_M 9'9 9'9 9'9 9'99'4 9'49' 9'E'9 PE'9SSN! pp0 Y9' 9'E'9 E'94'9 4'9'9 '9'9 '9E9'9 PE9'9
7ubftb Okstbmmkf&s (499)'
?.C K!"#$%&! %#)$&! < ")5$%$&! )#+*$&(*,&! $&( +* ")&,$$( 2*9& $2#)%*
?.C. D(/#)(*,#)&
Rf dfbrfkjbr& bs ufk +&fstru++d:f +u-ks pkrbjbs - tb+5& s&f jb djrd& & pm/std+&
trkfsm,+dj&! b0pmbkjk pkrk bm +umtd& - mk +&fsbrk+d:f jb pmkftks jbmd+kjks! & pkrk
$&r%kr su +rb+d0dbft& $ubrk jb tb0p&rkjk' M&s dfbrfkjbr&s bst/f djbkj&s pkrk0&jd$d+kr mk tb0pbrkturk! 5u0bjkj - mu% pkrk +&fsb2udr ks6 +&fjd+d&fbs k08dbftkmbs
sd0dmkrbs k mks jb &tr&s +md0ks' Mk mu% fkturkm bs su$d+dbftb bf mk 0k-&r6k jb mks
rb2d&fbs tb0pmkjks! pbr& bf mks %&fks j&fjb bm dfdbrf& &$rb+b p&+ks 5&rks jb s&m
sb 5k+b fb+bskrd& bm su0dfdstr& jb mu% krtd$d+dkm! fb+bskrdk pkrk bm +rb+d0dbft& jb mks
pmkftks' Bf brkf&! bm +km&r dftbrd&r sb k0df&rk tkpkfj& mks +rdstkmbrks! k8rdbfj& m&s
&rd$d+d&s jb bftdmk+d:f & 5k+dbfj& +dr+umkr kdrb $rbs+& 0bjdkftb +ukm3udbr &tr&
sdstb0k' Bf dfdbrf&! +ksd t&j& bm +km&r jb uf dfbrfkjbr& sb &8tdbfb jb mk rkjdk+d:f
s&mkr! pbr& tk08df sb pubjb pr&+urkr +km&r kjd+d&fkm k trks jb mk kspbrsd:f jb
kp&r! +&f k2uk 5drdbfj&! & 0bjdkftb uf sdstb0k jb +dr+umk+d:f jb kdrb +kmdbftb' Mk
5u0bjkj sb pubjb +&ftr&mkr s&8rb t&j& k pkrtdr jb mk +kftdjkj jb k2uk jbm rdb2& - jb
mk bftdmk+d:f'
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Bm rdb2& bs mk kp&rtk+d:f jb k2uk k mk tdbrrk p&r jdstdft&s 0t&j&s pkrk $k+dmdtkr bmjbskrr&mm& jb mks pmkftks' ;b prk+td+k bf t&jks k3ubmmks pkrtbs jbm 0ufj& j&fjb mks
prb+dpdtk+d&fbs f& su0dfdstrkf su$d+dbftb 5u0bjkj km subm& & 8dbf j&fjb sb 3udbrbf
d0pmkftkr +umtd&s jb rb2kj6&'
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8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
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Bm &8?btd& jb m&s sdstb0ks jb rdb2& bs 8rdfjkr bm k2uk fb+bskrdk km +umtd& bf bm
0&0bft& &p&rtuf&' Mk +kftdjkj jb k2uk jdsp&fd8mb bf uf subm& tdbfb uf b$b+t&
d0p&rtkftb bf mk pr&ju+tddjkj jbm tbrrbf& pkrk su us& k2r6+&mk' Zkft& bf bstkj&
m63udj& +&0& 2ksb&s&! bm k2uk &+upk +br+k jb uf +ukrt& jbm &mu0bf jbm subm&
pr&ju+td&! mk +kftdjkj jb k2uk rbtbfdjk jbpbfjb jbm tk0k=& - jb mk jdsp&sd+d:f jb
m&s p&r&s bf bm subm&' Bftrb m&s sdstb0ks jb rdb2&! uf& 0u- b$d+dbftb bf bm us& jbm
k2uk! bs bm rdb2& m&+kmd%kj& & 2&tb&' Rfk krdkftb jb bstb sdstb0k jb rdb2& bs bm
$brtdrrdb2& (Hkr2ub=&! E)'
?.C.? E#)%))'*$( < (%)3#(%&!
;b bftdbfjb p&r $brtdrrd2k+d:f mk kpmd+k+d:f jb sustkf+dks futrdtdks (d&fbs 0dfbrkmbs!+&0pubst&s &r2/fd+&s! dtk0dfks! k0df&/+dj&s! 0b?&rkj&rbs! 8d&k+tdkj&rbs!
5&r0&fks! /+dj&s! bt+') fb+bskrd&s p&r m&s b2btkmbs bf bm k2uk jb rdb2&!
kpmd+/fj&m&s bf mk +kftdjkj! pr&p&r+d:f - $&r0k 3u60d+k rb3ubrdjk p&r mks pmkftks
sb2,f su btkpk $bf&m:2d+k! rdt0& jb +rb+d0dbft& - k+u0umk+d:f jb 0ktbrdk sb+k! jb
tkm 0kfbrk 3ub sb m&2rbf! k +&rt& - mkr2& pmk%&! kmt&s rbfjd0dbft&s +&f +kmdjkj - bm
0kftbfd0dbft& jb uf kjb+ukj& fdbm jb $brtdmdjkj 2bfbrkm bf bm subm& ( Fkkrr&!
E
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8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
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+rb+d0dbft& jb mk pmkftk! jb8b b1dstdr ufk kjb+ukjk rbmk+d:f pr&p&r+d&fkm bftrb m&s
d&fbs dftb2rkftbs jb mk s&mu+d:f futrdtdk' Bst& ,mtd0& +&fstdtu-b uf kspb+t& jb 0u-
jbmd+kj& b3udmd8rd&! -k 3ub mk k8ufjkf+dk jb uf jbtbr0dfkj& +ktd:f & kfd:f! pubjb
sbr jbtbr0dfkftb jb mk jb$d+dbf+dk jb &tr&'
M&s futrd0bft&s k8s&r8dj&s p&r mks rk6+bs s&f trkfsp&rtkj&s k mk pkrtb krbk jb mks
pmkftks k trks bm 1dmb0k - rbjdstrd8udj&s bf mk pkrtb /rbk jb mk pmkftk p&r bm $m&b0k!
k,f +ukfj& pubjb &+urrdr bm trkfsp&rtb jb futrd0bft&s bftrb m&s jd$brbftbs :r2kf&s
jb mks pmkftks k trks jbm 1dmb0k bf pr&p&r+d:f 0u+5& 0bf&r' Jb k+ubrj& +&f mk
bm&+djkj jb trkfsm&+k+d:f bf bm dftbrd&r jb mks pmkftks! 7rb2&fd (EC) +mksd$d+k k m&s
futrd0bft&s bf trbs 2rup&s
E' G:dmbs (FFN ! FF[ ! Om! S[4SN _ S[SN4 ! T - G2T4 )!
4' Dftbr0bjd&s (;;N4 ! GfT4 ! 7bT4 ! *fT4 ! OuT4 - G&G&NT4 )!
' Df0:dmbs (OkT4 - H[HN )'
Bstk +mksd$d+k+d:f bs 0u- ,tdm bf mk djbftd$d+k+d:f jb s6ft&0ks jb jb$d+dbf+dk jb uf
jbtbr0dfkj& futrd0bft&' S&r b?b0pm&! m&s s6ft&0ks jb $kmtk jb F sb 0kfd$dbstkf bf
mks pkrtbs 0/s db?ks (5&?ks db?ks)! 0dbftrks 3ub m&s jb $kmtk jb H sb jkf bf mks
pkrtbs 0/s ?:bfbs jb mk pmkftk (puft&s jb +rb+d0dbft&)'
?.C. F%)$( /#'#%*+ 2*+*($#*,*
Bm 8kmkf+b& jb futrd0bft&s bs bm krtb jb 0kfdpumkr k t&j&s k3ubmm&s bmb0bft&s
0dfbrkmbs! &r2/fd+&s - k2uk! rb3ubrdj&s p&r m&s +umtd&s 5&rt6+&mks! &rjbfkfj& -
pr&p&r+d&fkfj& bst&s +&f$&r0b k mks fb+bsdjkjbs $dsd&m:2d+ks jb mk pmkftk sb2,f su
btkpk $dsd&m:2d+k! $&r0ks 3u60d+ks prb$brbf+dkmbs jbm +umtd&! +kftdjkj! +kmdjkj! p&+k
jb kpmd+k+d:f - pr&p&r+d:f bftrb sd kjb+ukj&s (Fkkrr&! E)'
Bm prdf+dpd& 8/sd+& jb mk futrd+d:f b2btkm 8kmkf+bkjk bs bm 0&fdt&rb& jb m&s
bmb0bft&s 0dfbrkmbs bf k2uk! subm& - pmkftk utdmd%kfj& pkrk bst& ufk sbrdb jb
kf/mdsds - t+fd+ks jb futrd+d:f tkmbs +&0& kf/mdsds jb subm&! kf/mdsds jb k2uk!
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8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
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kf/mdsds jb s&mu+d:f jbm subm&! kf/mdsds $&mdkr! kf/mdsds jb b1trk+t& +bmumkr jb pb+6&m& -
kf/mdsds 8r&0kt&m:2d+&s bftrb m&s d0p&rtkftbs' ;b pkrtb jbm bstk8mb+d0dbft& jb
bst/fjkrbs - +&f+bftrk+d&fbs :ptd0ks pkrk +kjk tdp& jb kf/mdsds! +umtd& - btkpk
$bf&m:2d+k bf j&fjb sb rb3udbrb mk k-ujk jb uf mk8&rkt&rd& bspb+dkmd%kj& +&f bm +ukm
sb +kmd8rkf b dftbrprbtkf +&f?uftk0bftb m&s jd$brbftbs tdp&s jb kf/mdsds' M&s
pr&p:sdt&s 8/sd+&s jbm kf/mdsds b2btkm s&f mk prbjd++d:f jb $utur&s pr&8mb0ks
futrd0bftkmbs! bm 0&fdt&rb& pkrk +&f&+br mk jdf/0d+k futrd0bftkm - bm jdk2f:std+&
pkrk bkmukr mks p&sd8mbs +kusks jb uf jbskrr&mm& $dsd&m:2d+& rbstrdf2dj& p&r km2ufk
jb$d+dbf+dk! b1+bs& & pr&8mb0k jbm &rjbf futrd0bftkm'
Dfd+dkm0bftb sb rbkmd%k +&0& prbrrb3udsdt& 8/sd+& uf kf/mdsds +&0pmbt& jb subm&! bm
+ukm df+mu-k $brtdmdjkj! skmdfdjkj - pr&pdbjkjbs $6sd+ks! ks6 +&0& uf kf/mdsds 3u60d+& -$6sd+& jbm k2uk jb rdb2&' Bf 8ksb k bst&s kf/mdsds sb rbkmd%k bm pr&2rk0k jb
$brtdrrd2k+d:f - sb t&0k mk jb+dsd:f jb rbkmd%kr ufk $brtdmd%k+d:f jb $&fj& sd bs 3ub bm
fdbm jb $brtdmdjkj dfd+dkm f& bs bm kjb+ukj& jb k+ubrj& k m&s rb3ubrd0dbft&s jbm
+umtd&'
Bm pr&2rk0k jb $brtdrrdb2& jb8br/ sbr rbkmd%kj& prbd& +&f&+d0dbft& jb mk b1trk++d:f
0bjdk jb futrd0bft&s p&r t&fbmkjk! jurk+d:f jb btkpks $bf&m:2d+ks - k+u0umk+d:f jb
0ktbrdk sb+k! - bstb s&m& sbrdr/ jb 8ksb pkrk 3ub jurkftb bm trkfs+urs& jbm +umtd&
sb rbkmd+bf m&s k?ustbs +&rrbsp&fjdbftbs sb2,f mk rbspubstk jbm +umtd& k mk kpmd+k+d:f
jb +dbrt& rdt0& jb $brtdmd%k+d:f - km k+br+k0dbft& 3ub bstk $brtdmd%k+d:f tbf2k +&f m&s
bst/fjkrbs :ptd0&s jb +&f+bftrk+d:f'
?.C.= Z$($*! ,# (%)$( /#'#%*+ !*,*! "*)* +* %&3* ,# ,#$!&(#! #( +&!
!!%#3*! ,# 8#)%))'*$(.
K+tukm0bftb b1dstbf fu0br&sks 5brrk0dbftks 3ub t+fd+&s - k2rd+umt&rbs jbjd+kj&s
k mk $brtdrrd2k+d:f jb +umtd&s 5&rt6+&mks pubjbf utdmd%kr pkrk mmbkr k +k8& uf 0kfb?&
kjb+ukj& jbm pr&+bs& jb $brtdrrd2k+d:f! bftrb mks 0/s d0p&rtkftbs sb bf+ubftrkf
:
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8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
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K.- M&! *(5+!! ,# *'* ,# )#'& !&+$( ,# )#'&
O&f&+dbfj& mks +krk+tbr6std+ks jb mks k2uks jb rdb2& sb pubjb kjb+ukr su p[!
fbutrkmd%kfj& 8d+kr8&fkt&s! j&sd$d+kfj& m&s $brtdmd%kftbs jb k+ubrj& +&f sus
+&ftbfdj&s - +&fsdjbrkfj& m&s bmb0bft&s bf b1+bs& pkrk rbju+dr su b$b+t& fb2ktd&
0&jd$d+kfj& kjb+ukjk0bftb m&s fdbmbs jb km2uf&s futrd0bft&s' S&r &trk pkrtb
pubjb prbbrsb mk df+djbf+dk jb su +&0p&sd+d:f bf mk pbr0bk8dmdjkj jbm subm& bf
$uf+d:f jb pkr/0btr&s +&0& su tb1turk - +kpk+djkj jb $d?k+d:f jb s&jd&' Bm +&ftbfdj&
jb skmbs prbsbftbs bf bm k2uk jb rdb2& utdmd%kjks bf sdstb0ks jb rdb2& prbsurd%kj&
pubjb prbsbftkr pr&8mb0ks jb prb+dpdtk+d&fbs - tkp&fk0dbft& jb 2&tbr&s ($:s$&r&
+km+d&) sd bm trktk0dbft& prbd& k bstks f& bs bm +&rrb+t& (Hur2ub=&! E)'
H.- M&! *(5+!! ,# !#+&
Skrk +&0prbfjbr mk pr&ju+tddjkj jbm subm&! sb jb8bf rb+&f&+br mks rbmk+d&fbs
subm&pmkftk b1dstbftb' Km2uf&s jb m&s $k+t&rbs b1tbrf&s 3ub +&ftr&mkf bm +rb+d0dbft&
jb mks pmkftks s&f kdrb! tb0pbrkturk! mu%! s&p&rtb 0b+/fd+&! futrd0bft&s - k2uk'
Okjk uf& jb bmm&s k$b+tk bf $&r0k jdrb+tk bm +rb+d0dbft& jb mk pmkftk' Rf kjb+ukj&
fdbm jb $brtdmdjkj jbm subm& bs dtkm pkrk uf subm& pr&ju+td&' Rf subm& $rtdm f& tdbfb
fb+bskrdk0bftb 3ub sbr uf subm& pr&ju+td&! -k 3ub uf jrbfk?b dfsu$d+dbftb!
dfsb+t&s! pmk2ks! sb3u6k - &tr&s $k+t&rbs pubjbf md0dtkr su pr&ju++d:f! k,f tbfdbfj&
$brtdmdjkj kjb+ukjk (Hur2ub=&! E)'
[k- +uktr& pkrtbs 8/sd+ks 3ub jb8br/f +&f$&r0kr uf 8ubf kf/mdsds jb subm&
E' Kf/mdsds jb $brtdmdjkj 4' Kf/mdsds jb b1trk+t& jb pkstk skturkjk (skmdfdjkj)
' Kf/mdsds 0d+r&8d&m:2d+& ' Kf/mdsds $6sd+&
Mk dftbrprbtk+d:f jb m&s rbsumtkj&s bs jb bspb+dkm dftbrs! jb8dfj&sb k?ustkr m&s
rbsumtkj&s +&f bm su$d+dbftb +rdtbrd& k2r&f:0d+&! bf 8ksb k mks +krk+tbr6std+ks jb mk
m6fbk jb pr&ju++d:f p&r bstk8mb+br! +mksb jb subm&! tdp& jb +umtd& - b1trk++d:f 0bjdk
jb futrd0bft&s p&r stb'
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8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
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O.- M&! *(5+!! ,# +* !&+$( ,#+ !#+&
M&s kf/mdsds jb s&mu+d:f jbm subm& k-ujkf k +&f&+br mk dftbrk++d:f bftrb mk jds&mu+d:f
jb futrd0bft&s kpmd+kjk - bm subm& & sustrkt&! pbr0dtdbfj& brd$d+kr bm p[! mk
+&fju+tddjkj bm+trd+k (O' B') - bmb0bft&s jb dftbrs bf 2bfbrkm'
Mk s&mu+d:f jbm subm& bs bm dftbr0bjdkrd& futrdtd& bftrb bm +&0pmb?& k8s&r8bftb jbm
subm& - mk pmkftk> mk +&0p&sd+d:f jb mk s&mu+d:f jbm subm& bs krdk8mb sb2,f bm tdp& jb
subm&! mk rd3ub%k bf bmb0bft&s futrdtd&s ($brtdmd%k+d:f)! mk bstk+d:f! bm 2rkj& jb
5u0bjkj jbm subm&! bftrb &tr&s' Mk +kftdjkj jb bmb0bft&s jdsp&fd8mbs pkrk mks
pmkftks jbpbfjbr/ jbm jbspmk%k0dbft& bf 0ksk jb mk s&mu+d:f! - jb mk jd$usd:f0kftbfdjk bf mks +br+kf6ks jb mks rk6+bs p&r bm 2rkjdbftb jb +&f+bftrk+d:f pr&ju+dj&
p&r bmmks (Hur2ub=&! E)'
J.- M&! *(5+!! 8&+*)#! < +&! *(5+!! ,# #:%)*$%& $#++*) ,#+ "#$1&+& !*/*
Bm kf/mdsds jb mk pmkftk pubjb sbr +&fsdjbrkj& +&0& uf 0bjd& +m/sd+& jb +&ftr&m jb mk
futrd+d:f - jb mk $brtdmd%k+d:f jb m&s b2btkmbs +umtdkj&s' Bm :r2kf& jb rb$brbf+dk
+&0,f0bftb utdmd%kj& pkrk 5k+br bstb +&ftr&m! bs mk 5&?k' Mk rk%:f bdjbftb jb su
2bfbrkmd%k+d:f 8k?& bm f&08rb jb Jdk2f:std+& 7&mdkr dbfb jbm 5b+5& jb 3ub sb trktk
jb mk pkrtb jb mk pmkftk 0/s $/+dm jb t&0kr'
Bm kf/mdsds $&mdkr pr&p&r+d&fk df$&r0k+d:f s&8rb mk rbspubstk jb mk pmkftk k mk futrd+d:f
b dfjd+k mks +&rrb++d&fbs fb+bskrdks pkrk &ptd0d%kr bm pr&+bs& jb $brtdrrd2k+d:f' Ks6
0ds0& sdrb +&0& 6fjd+b jb rb$brbf+dk +&0pkrktd& jb futrd+d:f' Zk08df! bf +dbrt&s
+ks&s! pbr0dtb 5k+br uf sb2ud0dbft& jb mks rbsbrks jb mk pmkftk rbprbsbftkjks p&r
bm p&r+bftk?b jb km0dj:f (Okjk56k! E)' S&r tkmbs rk%&fbs! bm jdk2f:std+& $&mdkr bs
ufk jb mks t+fd+ks jb 0k-&r utdmdjkj pkrk bm 0kfb?& jb mk $brtdrrd2k+d:f bf m&s
+umtd&s! m& 3ub b1pmd+k mk k8ufjkftb df$&r0k+d:f jdsp&fd8mb bf +ukft& k fdbmbs
2
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8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
40/90
:ptd0&s jb +&f+bftrk+d:f jb m&s bmb0bft&s 0dfbrkmbs bf mks pmkftks! km&rbs
&8tbfdj&s 0bjdkftb bm kf/mdsds jb 5&?ks - pb+6&m&s (Hur2ub=&! E)'
Bf km2ufks &+ksd&fbs mks 5&?ks f& +&fstdtu-bf uf :r2kf& jb rb$brbf+dk m& 8kstkftb
sbfsd8mb pkrk bkmukr bm bstkj& futrd+d&fkm jb mks pmkftks +&f r/pdj& +rb+d0dbft&' Bs
bdjbftb 3ub m&s tb?dj&s +&fju+t&rbs (tkmm&s! pb+6&m&s! 8r&tbs k1dmkrbs)! bst/f bf
rbmk+d:f pbr0kfbftb - jdrb+tk bftrb mk $ubftb jb kpr&dsd&fk0dbft& (sdstb0k rkjd+km)
- mks %&fks jb utdmd%k+d:f jb m&s bmb0bft&s 0dfbrkmbs (5&?ks - $rut&s) - +&fstdtu-bf uf
dfjd+kj&r 0b?&r kjkptkj& k 5&rtkmd%ks +&f r/pdjk pr&ju++d:f jb 8d&0ksk (Hur2ub=&!
E)! m& 3ub ?ustd$d+k mk jbtbr0dfk+d:f jb m&s +&ftbfdj&s futrd0bftkmbs -k f& bf m&s
tb?dj&s! sdf& jdrb+tk0bftb bf m&s b1trk+t&s +bmumkrbs & bf mk skdk' M&s kf/mdsds jb
skdk pbr0dtbf +&f&+br! jb 0kfbrk df0bjdktk! mk rbspubstk jb mk pmkftk k m&sfutrd0bft&s +&ftbfdj&s bf bm subm& & sustrkt&' Mk bkmuk+d:f r/pdjk jb mk rbspubstk
jb mk pmkftk pbr0dtb b$b+tukr +&rrb++d&fbs - &ptd0d%kr mk futrd+d:f jurkftb bm +d+m& jb
+umtd&' (Okjk56k! E)'
?. K(%#$#,#(%#! < ,#!*))&++& ,# +* #3")#!* )#$#"%&)*
K2r&.b2 ;' S' X' jb X' M' bs ufk b0prbsk 0b1d+kfk! k+tukm0bftb jdrd2djk p&r mk
K+tukrd& Brfbstdfk ;brrkf& Ikss& - &tr&s 0db08r&s jb mk 0ds0k $k0dmdk! j&fjb sb
f&s jdbr&f mks $k+dmdjkjbs pkrk mk rbkmd%k+d:f jbm prbsbftb trk8k?&> bstk b0prbsk bstk
&rdbftkjk k mk pr&ju++d:f dftbfsdk jb t&0ktb 8k?& +u8dbrtk pm/std+k bf mk +&0ufdjkj
jb Ikrkm jbm Xb$u2d&! pbrtbfb+dbftb km 0ufd+dpd& jb K+/08kr&! "ukfk?ukt&' K dfd+d&s
jbm 0bs jb K2&st& jb 499C! mk b0prbsk ”M&s ;krsks# +k08d: su rk%:f s&+dkm km jb
K2r&.b2 ;' S' X' jb X' M'
Mk b0prbsk! jb tdp& $k0dmdkr! dfd+d: bf bm k=& 499 +&f ufk supbr$d+db jb
dfbrfkjbr&s jb 4!999 04! tbfdbfj& p&r f&08rb Dfbrfkjbr&s M&s ;krsks' Bm 0ktbrdkm
pkrk +&fstru++d:f - mk ksbs&r6k +&rrbsp&fjdbftb m& kj3udrdbr&f jb ufk +&0pk=6k jb
&rd2bf $rkf+s jbf&0dfkjk Edmomkdr, 0dbftrks 3ub mk 0kf& jb &8rk bstu& k +kr2& jb
mk $k0dmdk ;brrkf& Iks&' Bf bfbr& jbm 499C mk $k0dmdk jb+djd: +&fstrudr uf fub&
4
-
8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
41/90
dfbrfkjbr& (+&f ufk supbr$d+db jb C!99 04)> bf bstk &+ksd:f bm dfbrfkjbr& $ub
kj3udrdj& bf mk su+urskm 0b1d+kfk jb mk b0prbsk bspk=&mk RMGK' Km d2ukm 3ub bf bm
prd0br dfbrfkjbr&! mk $k0dmdk ;brrkf& kj3udrd: bm b3udp& - mk ksbs&r6k pkrk mk
+&fstru++d:f jbm dfbrfkjbr& - bmm&s kp&rtkr&f mk 0kf& jb &8rk pkrk mk +&fstru++d:f'
]stk $ub tbr0dfkjk bf k8rdm - p&stbrd&r0bftb sb rbkmd%kr&f mks mk8&rbs jb +&m&+k+d:f
jbm tbfjdj& jb bftut&rkj& - prbpkrk+d:f jbm tbrrbf& pkrk bm trkfspmkftb jb t&0ktb'
Mk $k0dmdk ;brrkf& +&0prbfjd: jbsjb uf dfd+d& 3ub km $&r0kr ufk b0prbsk k2r6+&mk
rb3ubrdr6k jb mk ksdstbf+dk jb uf pr&$bsd&fkm jbm +k0p& jb mk k2r&f&06k! rbsp&fsk8mb
jb mk pr&ju++d:f k jbskrr&mmkr bf bm dfbrfkjbr&> p&r bmm&! jbsjb 3ub mk b0prbsk
dfd+d: sus mk8&rbs! +ubftk +&f m&s sbrd+d&s jb uf ksbs&r jb DFD7KS 3ub rbkmd%k ufk
dsdtk sb0kfkm0bftb! j&fjb brd$d+k bm bstkj& 2bfbrkm jbm +umtd& 0bjdkftb ufrb+&rrdj& p&r bm dfbrfkjbr&! bs+u+5k m&s +&0bftkrd&s jb m&s trk8k?kj&rbs k+br+k jbm
+&0p&rtk0dbft& jb m&s $bf:0bf&s +md0/td+&s! t&0k 0ubstrks - bf 8ksb k bst&s -
&tr&s jkt&s 2bfbrk mks rb+&0bfjk+d&fbs k sb2udr jurkftb t&jk mk sb0kfk'
Kjd+d&fkm0bftb! m&s dfbrfkjbr&s +ubftkf +&f mk dsdtk jb pbrs&fkm jb ;kfdjkj
.b2btkm jbm Bstkj& jb "ukfk?ukt& (OB;K.B")! 3udbfbs ksbs&rkf jb $&r0k 2rktudtk
bf mk prbbf+d:f - +&ftr&m jb pmk2ks' O&f bst&s puft&s! mk b0prbsk +u8rb j&s $rbftbs
d0p&rtkftbs bf bm pr&+bs& jb pr&ju++d:f' ”Futrd+d:f .b2btkm - Gkfb?& 7dt&skfdtkrd&
jbm +umtd'
DU. GKZBXDKMB_ T GÄZNJN_
. G*%#)*+#!
O&0& -k sb dfjd+: kftbrd&r0bftb! bm prbsbftb trk8k?& sb jbskrr&mm& bf uf sdstb0k jb
pr&ju++d:f dftbfsd& jb t&0ktb +umtdkj& bf subm& 8k?& +u8dbrtk pm/std+k bf bm
0ufd+dpd& jb K+k08kr&! "ukfk?ukt&' Bm trk8k?& sb dfd+d: mk prd0brk sb0kfk jb ?ufd& -
$dfkmd%: bf mk ,mtd0k sb0kfk jb k2&st& jbm 499C! jurkftb bm pbrd&j& dfjd+kj&! mk
dfstkmk+d:f bstu& jbstdfkjk k mk pr&ju++d:f jb t&0ktb tdp& 8&mk! jb mk krdbjkj
X&2brs 568rdj& Okd0/f kj3udrdj& bf mk b0prbsk Bf%k *kjbf p&r prbsbftkr uf 0u-
;/
-
8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
42/90
8ubf pk3ubtb jb rbsdstbf+dks kftb drus - bf$br0bjkjbs! pmkftk dfjbtbr0dfkjk sb0d
+&0pk+tk +&f 0u- 8ubf k0krrb jb $rut&s bf +km&r! $rutk rbj&fjk sdf 5&08r&s brjbs
+&f uf pbs& jb 4
-
8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
43/90
F& sb rbkmd%: jbsdf$b++d:f jbm subm& jb8dj& k 3ub m&s kf/mdsds 8d&m:2d+&s rbkmd%kj&s
p&r bm O&0dt Bstktkm jb ;kfdjkj jbm Bstkj& jb "ukfk?ukt& (OB;K.B") f&
rbbmkr&f pbmd2r& jb pkt:2bf&s bf bm 0ds0&' F& &8stkftb! ufk sb0kfk jbspus jbm
trkfspmkftb sb rbkmd%: ufk kpmd+k+d:f jb pr&pk0&+krp (Srbd+ur F) - +kr8bfjk%d0
(Jbr&skm) +&f bm &8?bt& jb prbbfdr mk kpkrd+d:f jb ju0pdf2 &$$'
M&s rbsumtkj&s jbm kf/mdsds 3u60d+& - 8d&m:2d+& jbm k2uk jb rdb2& dfjd+kr&f 3ub bm
k2uk bs jb 8ubfk +kmdjkj (O&fju+tddjkj bm+trd+k jb 9' js0 E - p[ jb
-
8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
44/90
Kjd+d&fkm k m& kftbrd&r sb 0djdbr&f mks sd2udbftbs krdk8mbs jurkftb bm jbskrr&mm& jbm
+umtd&
E' O&fsu0& 56jrd+& jb mk pmkftk p&r sb0kfk
4' Xbfjd0dbft& p&r pmkftk
' J6ks k +&rtb
' Df+djbf+dk jb pmk2ks - bf$br0bjkjbs'
U. XB_RMZKJN_ T JD_OR_DßF
K +&ftdfuk+d:f sb prbsbftk! p&r ru8r&s! mk df$&r0k+d:f - rbsumtkj&s jb mks k+tddjkjbs
jbskrr&mmkjks! sb0kfk k sb0kfk'
=. G*(#9& ,# )#'&
Jb8dj& k 3ub bm dfbrfkjbr& brk fub&! mk b0prbsk f& +&f&+6k bm 2kst& 3ub
pr&p&r+d&fk8k bm sdstb0k jb rdb2&! rk%:f p&r mk +ukm $ub fb+bskrd& rbkmd%kr bm k$&r& jb
;;
-
8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
45/90
t&j& bm sdstb0k pkrk +&f&+br bm 2kst& kj0dfdstrkj& k +kjk %&fk jb rdb2& - &8tbfbr
df$&r0k+d:f 3ub sdrdbrk pkrk su0dfdstrkr mk j&sds jb $brtdmd%k+d:f fb+bskrdk - k?ustkr
bm bfturd' Skrk rbkmd%kr m& kftbrd&r! sb +ukftd$d+: bm f,0br& jb 2&tbr&s bf +kjk %&fk
jb rdb2& (F&rtb - ;ur) - sb 0djd: bm 2kst& p&r 2&tbr&! &8tbfdfj&sb ufk 0bjdk jb
2kst& bf +kjk ufk jb mks %&fks' M&s 2&tbr&s - su jdstrd8u+d:f sb dfjd+kf k
+&ftdfuk+d:f'
Oukftd$d+k+d:f jb 2&tbr&s 4 sur+&s +&f j&s 5dmbrks +kjk uf&' M&s 2&tbr&s bst/f
+&m&+kj&s k 9 +0'
Mkj& F&rtb M&f2dtuj jb sur+&s C9' 0 F,0br& jb 2&tbr&s p&r m6fbk 49E
F&' jb 2&tbr&s p&r sur+& 94 F,0br&' jb 2&tbr&s bf bm mkj& f&rtb
EE 4C
Mkj& ;ur M&f2dtuj jb sur+&s 0 F,0br& jb 2&tbr&s p&r m6fbk EC
F,0br& jb 2&tbr&s p&r sur+& 4C F,0br& jb 2&tbr&s bf bm mkj&
sur E4
F,0br& t&tkm jb 2&tbr&s p&r dfbrfkjbr& bf 8ksb k m&s jkt&s kftbrd&rbs 49
Bf bm Oukjr& sb 0ubstrk bm 2kst& +km+umkj& pkrk +kjk %&fk jb rdb2& bf bm
dfbrfkjbr&
O*,)& 7. A*!%& ")&3#,& #( '&%#)&! "*)* $*,* 0&(* ,# )#'&.*&fk .&mu0bf
(0M)Zdb0p&(0df')
"kst&(0M0dfE)
;ur E4 E'<
F&rtb < E'
O&fsdjbrkfj& bm f,0br& jb 2&tbr&s bf mk %&fk ;ur (!E4)! sd +kjk 2&tbr& tdbfb uf
2kst& jb E'< 0M0dfE! bm 2kst& jb mk %&fk bs jb E9 M0df E' Jb8dj& k 3ub bm
tdb0p& jb rdb2& $ub jb E 0dfut&s! mk +kftdjkj jb k2uk drrd2kjk $ub jb 4'9 0 '
Ktbfjdbfj& k mks rb+&0bfjk+d&fbs jb jds&mu+d:f (E M jb s&mu+d:f p&r +kjk E99 M jb
;8
-
8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
46/90
k2uk)! mk bm&+djkj jb k8s&r+d:f jbm .bfturd jb8b sbr jb E mdtr& +kjk sb2ufj&s
(E'C M0dfE)'
O&fsdjbrkfj& bm f,0br& jb 2&tbr&s bf mk %&fk F&rtb (EE! 4C)! sd +kjk 2&tbr& tdbfb
uf 2kst& jb E' 0M0dfE! bm 2kst& bf mk %&fk bs jb EE M0df E ' Jb8dj& k 3ub bm
tdb0p& jb rdb2& $ub jb E 0dfut&s! mk +kftdjkj jb k2uk drrd2kjk bf bm subm& $ub jb
4'4 0' Ktbfjdbfj& k mks rb+&0bfjk+d&fbs jb jds&mu+d:f (E M jb s&mu+d:f p&r +kjk
E99 M jb k2uk)! mk bm&+djkj jb k8s&r+d:f jbm .bfturd jb8b sbr jb E mdtr& +kjk 9
sb2ufj&s (E' M0dfE)'
O&f $dfbs pr/+td+&s! pkrk bm rdb2& jb k08ks %&fks jbftr& jbm dfbrfkjbr& mk
bm&+djkj jb k8s&r+d:f jbm .bfturd pkrk rdb2&s sb k?ust: k E mdtr& +kjk 4 sb2ufj&s(E' M0dfE)'
Jb8dj& k 3ub sb trk8k?& +&f mks +kftdjkjbs jb +&fsu0& 56jrd+& jdkrd& rbp&rtkj& pkrk
t&0ktb p&r Xdf+:f (4994)! bm rdb2& sb su0dfdstr& k jdkrd& bf +uktr& bbft&s
jdstrd8udj&s jb mk sd2udbftb 0kfbrk> Bm prd0br rdb2& kmrbjbj&r jb mks E999! bm
sb2ufj& rdb2& kmrbjbj&r jb mks EEE! bm tbr+br rdb2& kmrbjbj&r jb mks E4 - bm
+ukrt& rdb2& kmrbjbj&r jb mks E' Bst&s 5&rkrd&s sb 0&jd$d+k8kf bf $uf+d:f k mks
+&fjd+d&fbs +md0/td+ks (J6ks fu8mkj&s! mmud&s&s! +kmur&s&s! bt+) 3ub sb prbsbftk8kf
k jdkrd& bf mk %&fk! bm &8?btd& $ufjk0bftkm $ub pr&bbr jb k2uk km subm& bf tdb0p& -
$&r0k 0&0bft&s prbd&s k mks 5&rks jb 0/1d0& +km&r 3ub 2bfbrkm0bftb brkf bftrb
mks E99 - EC9 5&rks'
=.; O&(!3& 41,)$& !#3*(*+
;b +km+um: 3ub bm f,0br& jb pmkftks bstk8mb+djks bf t&j& bm dfbrfkjbr& brk jb E<
99! pbr& p&r d0pmd+k+d&fbs t&p&2r/$d+ks - p&r uf b1+bjbftb jb pmkftk+d:f sb
+&fsdjbrkr&f E< 99 pmkftks pkrk m&s +/m+um&s jb &mu0bf jb rdb2& fb+bskrd& bf bm
+umtd&' Bf bm Oukjr& sb dfjd+k bm +&fsu0& 56jrd+& +km+umkj& bf 8ksb k m&s 0btr&s
;-
-
8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
47/90
+,8d+&s su0dfdstrkj&s k jdkrd& jurkftb trbs 0bsbs jb jbskrr&mm& bf bm +umtd& jb
t&0ktb bf subm&'
O*,)& . O&(!3& 41,)$& "&) "+*(%* "*)* +&! %)#! ")3#)&! 3#!#! ,# ,#!*))&++&.
G#! _#3*(* 3M"+*(%* N2!#)/*$(
Iufd&
E E9 B1dstd: uf rdb2& jb0ksdkj& pbskj& kftbs jbm trkfspmkftb4 449 49 C9
Iumd&
C9 7kmmk bm+trd+kC E99< E499 EE99 J6ks fu8mkj&s
K2&st&
E999E9 9
Srbsbf+dk jb mmudks! j6ks fu8mkj&sEE C9E4 E9
=.? S)#!#($* < $&(%)&+ ,# #(8#)3#,*,#!
Jurkftb bm pbrd&j& jb +rb+d0dbft& jbm +umtd& sb prbsbft& mk df+djbf+dk jb jdbrsk
pmk2ks! 3ub $ub fb+bskrd& +&ftr&mkr pkrk bdtkr jds0dfu+d:f bf bm rbfjd0dbft&' Mks
bf$br0bjkjbs! sus +krk+tbr6std+ks! - bm jk=& 3ub &+ksd&fkf s&8rb bm +umtd& sb
dfjd+kf k +&ftdfuk+d:f! s&m& bf k3ubmmks sb0kfks j&fjb sb prbsbftkr&f pr&8mb0ks
_#3*(* ; ")&2+#3*! ,#%#$%*,&!
7=E5BCK*
=B5K&E?KJE*
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J%C7? E
-
8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
48/90
E&%&')*81* . S)&2+#3*! )#+*$&(*,&! $&( J3"(' &88.
;dft&0kt&m&26k dsukm Gkr+5dtb% rbpbftdfk jb mk pm/ftumk +&f fb+r&sds bf bm +ubmm&'
S&sd8mbs pkt:2bf&s jbm ju0pdf2 &$$> X`dznotnfdk! Euskrdug spp' - S`ytdug.
S&sd8mbs +kusks 3ub &rd2dfkr&f bm pr&8mb0k
J6ks kftbrd&rbs - p&stbrd&rbs km trkfspmkftb b1dstdbr&f +&fjd+d&fbs jb p&+k
mu0df&sdjkj (fu8mkj&s - mmudk +&fstkftb)! m& +ukm $k&rb+d: bm jbskrr&mm& jb
pkt:2bf&s prbsbftbs bf bm subm&' F& sb rbkmd%& ufk jbsdf$b++d:f jbm subm& prbd& km
trkfspmkftb'
Bf bm kpfjd+b sb sb=kmkf m&s k2r&3u60d+&s! j&sds - $b+5ks jb kpmd+k+d:f pkrk bm
+&ftr&m jb bstb pr&8mb0k ($uf2ud+djks kpmd+kj&s bf bm 0bs jb ?ufd&)' Jd+5& pr&8mb0k
rbpbr+utd: bf uf E jb mk p&8mk+d:f t&tkm jbftr& jbm dfbrfkjbr&'
_#3*(* ? ")&2+#3*! ,#%#$%*,&!
;dft&0kt&m&26k dsukm 0kr+5dtb% rbpbftdfk jb mk
pm/ftumk +&f fb+r&sds - kjbm2k%k0dbft& bf bm tkmm&'
S&ssd8mb pkt:2bf&s
Jk0pdf2 &$$!
;3
-
8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
49/90
X`dznotnfdk!Euskrdug spp.
.
K pkrtdr jb mk kpmd+k+d:f prbbftdk - +&rrb+tdk bf
mk sb0kfk 4! bm pr&8mb0k sb ktbfu: pbr& sd2ud:prbsbftb p&r m& 3ub $ub fb+bskrd& &trk kpmd+k+d:f
jb td&$kfkt& 0btdmd+&! +kr8bfjk%d0 - pr&pk0&+kr8
+m&r5djrkt& bf mks j&sds dfjd+kjks bf bm kpfjd+b
+&f mk $dfkmdjkj jb 0dfd0d%kr km 0/1d0& bm rdbs2&
mktbftb jb +&ftk2d&' Mks pmkftks 3ub f& $ubr&f
rb+upbrkjks +&f bm trktk0dbft& $ubr&f bmd0dfkjks
E&%&')*81* ;. S)&2+#3* #( #+ $#++& ,# +* "+*(%*
jbm dfbrfkjbr& - p&stbrd&r0bftb sbpumtkjks bf ufk $&sk b1+musdk pkrk pmkftks 3ub
prbsbftkf pr&8mb0ks $dt&skfdtkrd&s' Ntrk kmtbrfktdk bs +&m&+kr mks pmkftks 0u-
jk=kjks bf ufk 8&msk pkrk 3ub sb jbs5djrktbf - sbkf 3ub0kjks p&stbrd&r0bftb'
;dft&0kt&m&26k dsukm 0kr+5dtb% rbpbftdfk bf mk 5&?k jb mk pm/ftumk +&f puft&s
fb+r:td+&s'
S&sd8mbs pkt:2bf&s 8k+tbrdks ”0kr+5dtb% 8k+tbrdkfk#
;6ft&0ks jb 0kr+5dtbs 8k+tbrdkfk
Skrk su +&ftr&m sb trkt: jb bdtkr 2utk+d:f jb mks
pmkftks p&r mk 0k=kfk pkrk jds0dfudr m&s rdbs2&s
jb pr&pk2k+d:f jb mk 8k+tbrdk 0bjdkftb mk
bmd0dfk+d:f jb rdb2&s bspbrtdf&'
Bf bm kpfjd+b C sb sb=kmkf m&s k2r&3u60d+&s!
j&sds - $b+5ks jb kpmd+k+d:f pkrk bm +&ftr&m jb
bstb pr&8mb0k (Hk+tbrd+djks)'
E&%&')*81* ?. G*)$4%#0 2*$%#)*(*.
_#3*(* )#!"#!%* ,# +* "+*(%* * *"+$*$&(#! ,# 8('$,*!
;2
-
8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
50/90
Jb8dj& k m&s pr&8mb0ks 3ub
prbsbftkr&f km2ufks pmkftks bfmk rk6% - kftb mk kpmd+k+d:f jb
k2r&3u60d+&s jb 0kfbrk
+&rrb+tdk! mk pmkftk rbsp&fjd:
p&sdtdk0bftb 2bfbrkfj& rk6+bs
p&r krrd8k jbm jk=& +kuskj& p&r
m&s pkt:2bf&s X`dznotnfdk!
Ju0pdf2 &$$ - Euskrdug spp'
E&%&')*81* . S+*(%*! )#$"#)*,*!$&( +* *"+$*$( ,# *')&13$&!.
_#3*(* ")&2+#3*! ,#%#$%*,&!
;dft&0kt&m&26k dsukm Fb+r&sds bf bm tkmm&
S&sd8mbs pkt:2bf&s 8k+tbrdk'
K++d:f t&0kjk bmd0dfk+d:f jb mks pmkftks +&f
s6ft&0ks jb jk=&> mks pmkftks $ubr&f rbtdrkjks
jbm dfbrfkjbr& +&f 0u+5& +udjkj&! trktkfj& jb
f& +&ftk2dkr k mks pmkftks b+dfks k bmmks -
p&stbrd&r0bftb sbpumtkjks bf ufk $&sk
;4
-
8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
51/90
jbstdfkjk pkrk bsb $df! Ntrk kmtbrfktdk bs +&m&+kr mks pmkftks 0u- jk=kjks bf ufk
8&msk pkrk 3ub sb jbs5djrktbf - sbkf 3ub0kjks p&stbrd&r0bftb' ;b 0kftu& bf
&8sbrk+d:f m&s
E&%&')*81* =. F#$)&!&3#(%& ,#+ %*++& < )*06 Ssbujngnfk onrruaktk.
mu2krbs +br+kf&s bf j&fjb sb u8d+kr&f mks pmkftks +&f bm s6ft&0k +&f bm &8?bt& jb
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jbm j6k'
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+&ftr&m jb bstb pr&8mb0k (Hk+tbrd+djks)' Bm 6fjd+b jb jk=& jb bstb pr&8mb0k $ub jb
uf 9'E '
_#3*(* > ")&2+#3*! ,#%#$%*,&!
;dft&0kt&m&26k dsukm Fb+r&sds bf bm tkmm&
S&sd8mbs pkt:2bf&s Bf 8ksb k uf kf/mdsds rbkmd%kj& p&r bm Obftr& jb ;kfdjkj
.b2btkm jb "ukfk?ukt& (OB;K.B") mk 8k+tbrdk prbsbftb bf bm dfbrfkjbr& $ub
djbftd$d+kjk +&0& Ssbungnfk onrru!ktk ”Gjumk Fb2rk#'
Bm rbst& jb mks sb0kfks sb prbsbftkr&f md2br&s pr&8mb0ks - mks s&mu+d&fbs k bmm&s sb
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jb trk8k?&! m&s pr&8mb0ks $dt&skfdtkrd&s rbpbr+utdbr&f bf ufk jds0dfu+d:f jb pmkftks
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8/
-
8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
52/90
=. G&(%&)#& (%)3#(%*+
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bf+ubftrb bf +&0pbtbf+dk +&0pmbtk (bftrb j&s pmkftks - bftrb j&s 2&tbr&s s&8rb mk
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rkjd+umkr jb mks pmkftks - sbk rbprbsbftktdk'
8+
-
8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
53/90
E&%&')*81* >. _#(!&)#! "&)%5%+#! 3*)$* @&)2* _&,&6 S&%*!& < F%)*%&! %+0*,&!"*)* #+ 3&(%&)#& (%)3#(%*+ #( +* !&+$( ,#+ !#+& < #( +* !*/* ,# +* "+*(%*.
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_#3*(* >
8
-
8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
54/90
-
8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
55/90
-
8/15/2019 Producción de tomate bajo cubierta (tesis)
56/90
;b df-b+tkr&f k trks jbm sdstb0k jb rdb2& 4 2' jb ;um$kt& jb p&tksd&! 49 2r' jb
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