product environmental footprint category rules (pefcrs...
TRANSCRIPT
Product Environmental FootprintCategoryRules(PEFCRs)
Packedwater
Version1.0ofApril23rd,2018
(acceptedbythePEF/OEFSteeringCommitteeonApril19th,2018)
Timevalidity:December31st,2020
PreparedbytheTechnicalSecretariat:
TheEuropeanFederationofBottledWaters(EFBW),TheEuropeanContainerGlassFederation
(FEVE),PETCOREEurope,UnionEuropéennedesTransporteursRoutiers(UETR),DanoneWaters,
Ferrarelle,NestléWaters,SanBenedetto,SpadelandQuantis.
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Tableofcontents
ProductEnvironmentalFootprintCategoryRules(PEFCRs).........................................................1
Packedwater.............................................................................................................................1Tableofcontents....................................................................................................................2Acronyms................................................................................................................................4Definitions..............................................................................................................................6
1 Introduction.......................................................................................................................11
2 GeneralinformationaboutthePEFCR................................................................................122.1 Technicalsecretariat....................................................................................................122.2 Consultationsandstakeholders...................................................................................122.3 ReviewpanelandreviewrequirementsofthePEFCR..................................................142.4 Reviewstatement........................................................................................................142.5 Geographicvalidity......................................................................................................152.6 Language.....................................................................................................................152.7 Conformancetootherdocuments...............................................................................16
3 PEFCRscope.......................................................................................................................163.1 Productclassification...................................................................................................173.2 Representativeproduct(s)...........................................................................................173.3 Functionalunitandreferenceflow..............................................................................183.4 Systemboundary.........................................................................................................203.5 EFimpactassessment..................................................................................................233.6 Limitations..................................................................................................................24
4 Mostrelevantimpactcategories,lifecyclestages,processesandelementaryflows...........254.1 Sub-category“otherchannels”....................................................................................254.2 Sub-category“athoreca”.............................................................................................274.3 Sub-category“attheoffice”........................................................................................30
5 Lifecycleinventory.............................................................................................................335.1 Listofmandatorycompany-specificdata.....................................................................335.1.1 Lifecyclestage:packagingmaterials..........................................................................345.1.2 Lifecyclestage:manufacturing..................................................................................495.1.3 Lifecyclestage:distribution.......................................................................................535.1.4 Lifecyclestage:use....................................................................................................56
5.2 Listofprocessesexpectedtoberunbythecompany..................................................595.3 Datagaps....................................................................................................................635.4 Dataqualityrequirements...........................................................................................635.4.1 Company-specificdatasets.........................................................................................63
5.5 Dataneedsmatrix(DNM)............................................................................................655.5.1 Processesinsituation1..............................................................................................685.5.2 Processesinsituation2..............................................................................................685.5.3 Processesinsituation3..............................................................................................70
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5.6 Whichdatasetstouse?................................................................................................705.7 HowtocalculatetheaverageDQRofthestudy...........................................................715.8 Allocationrules............................................................................................................715.8.1 Multi-processesandmulti-productsatwaterfactory................................................715.8.2 Allocationformulti-functionalityinend-of-lifesituations.........................................72
5.9 Electricitymodelling....................................................................................................725.10 Climatechangemodelling........................................................................................755.11 Modellingofwastesandrecycledcontent...............................................................77
6 Lifecyclestages..................................................................................................................796.1 Packagingmaterials.....................................................................................................796.2 Manufacturing.............................................................................................................946.3 Distributionstage........................................................................................................956.4 Usestage...................................................................................................................1026.5 Packagingendoflife..................................................................................................105
7 PEFresults........................................................................................................................1077.1 Benchmarkvalues.....................................................................................................1077.2 PEFprofile.................................................................................................................1117.3 Additionaltechnicalinformation...............................................................................1127.4 Additionalenvironmentalinformation......................................................................112
8 Verification.......................................................................................................................112
9 References.......................................................................................................................113
10 Appendices...................................................................................................................116ANNEX1–ListofEFnormalisationandweightingfactors....................................................116ANNEX2-Check-listforthePEFstudy.................................................................................118ANNEX3-Check-listforthePEFstudy.................................................................................120ANNEX4-CriticalreviewreportofthePEFCR......................................................................121ANNEX5-OtherAnnexes...................................................................................................122
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AcronymsAF AllocationFactorAF AllocationFactorAR AllocationRatioBoC BillofComponentsBoM BillofMaterialsBP BonnePractiqueB2B BusinesstoBusinessB2C BusinesstoConsumerCF CharacterizationFactorCFF CircularFootprintFormulaCFF-M CircularFootprintFormula–ModularformCPA ClassificationofProductsbyActivityDNM DataNeedsMatrixDQR DataQualityRatingDC DistributionCentreEA EconomicAllocationEoL End-of-LifeEF EnvironmentalFootprintEI EnvironmentalImpactEC EuropeanCommissionFU FunctionalUnitGR GeographicalRepresentativenessGWP GlobalWarmingPotentialg gramGHG GreenhouseGasGE GrossEnergyintakeHD HelpdeskHDPE HighDensityPolyEthyleneHOD HomeOfficeDeliveryhorecahotel,restaurantandcaféIPCC IntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChangeISO InternationalOrganizationforStandardizationILCD InternationalReferenceLifeCycleDataSystemJRC JointResearchCentrekg kilogramkm kilometrekWh kilowatthourLCA LifeCycleAssessmentLCDN LifeCycleDataNetworkLCIA LifeCycleImpactAssessmentLCI LifeCycleInventoryLT Lifetime
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L LitreLDPE LowDensityPolyEthyleneMJ MegaJoulesm metremL milliLitreNACE NomenclatureGénéraledesActivitésEconomiquesdanslesCommunautésEuropéennesNDA NonDisclosureAgreementNGO Non-GovernmentalOrganisationNMVOC Non-methanevolatilecompoundso-PP orientedPolyPropylenePC PolyCarbonatePE PolyEthylenePET PolyEthyleneTerephthalateP PrecisionPCR ProductCategoryRulesPEF ProductEnvironmentalFootprintPEFCR ProductEnvironmentalFootprintCategoryRulesRF ReferenceFlowRP RepresentativeProductSMGP SingleMarketforGreenProductsSC SteeringCommitteeSS SupportingstudySMRS SustainabilityMeasurement&ReportingSystemSB SystemBoundaryTAB TechnicalAdvisoryBoardTS TechnicalSecretariatTeR TechnologicalRepresentativenessTiR TimeRepresentativenessUNEP UnitedNationsEnvironmentProgrammeUUID UniversallyUniqueIdentifier
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DefinitionsActivitydata Thistermreferstoinformationwhichisassociatedwithprocesses
whilemodellingLifeCycleInventories(LCI).InthePEFGuideitisalsocalled“non-elementaryflows”.TheaggregatedLCIresultsoftheprocesschainsthatrepresenttheactivitiesofaprocessareeachmultipliedbythecorrespondingactivitydataandthencombinedtoderivetheenvironmentalfootprintassociatedwiththatprocess(SeeFigure1).Examplesofactivitydataincludequantityofkilowatt-hoursofelectricityused,quantityoffuelused,outputofaprocess(e.g.waste),numberofhoursequipmentisoperated,distancetravelled,floorareaofabuilding,etc.InthecontextofPEFtheamountsofingredientsfromthebillofmaterial(BOM)shallalwaysbeconsideredasactivitydata.
Benchmark Astandardorpointofreferenceagainstwhichanycomparisoncanbemade.InthecontextofPEF,theterm‘benchmark’referstotheaverageenvironmentalperformanceoftherepresentativeproductsoldintheEUmarket.Abenchmarkmayeventuallybeused,ifappropriate,inthecontextofcommunicatingenvironmentalperformanceofaproductbelongingtothesamecategory.
Bottleddrinkingwater
Bottleddrinkingwater,alsoknownastablewater,mayoriginatefromvarioussources,includinggroundwater,surfacewaterandmunicipalsupply.ItmustcomplywithnationalandEUdrinkingwaterregulations,whicharedifferenttotherulesgoverningnaturalmineralwaterandspringwaters.Itiscommonlytreatedanddisinfectedfortaste.Purificationbychemicalandphysicaltreatment,suchaschlorinationandreverseosmosis,iscommonpractice.Mineralsmayberestoredtothiswater.
Company-specificdata
Itreferstodirectlymeasuredorcollecteddatafromoneormultiplefacilities(site-specificdata)thatarerepresentativefortheactivitiesofthecompany.Itissynonymousto“primarydata”.Todeterminethelevelofrepresentativenessasamplingprocedurecanbeapplied.
Cradletograve Anassessment,includingrawmaterialextraction,processing,
distribution,storage,use,anddisposalorrecyclingstages.Allrelevantinputsandoutputsareconsideredforallofthestagesofthelifecycle.
Downstream Occurringalongaproductsupplychainafterthepointofreferral.
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Electricitytracking
Electricitytracking1istheprocessofassigningelectricitygenerationattributestoelectricityconsumption.
Input Product,materialorenergyflowthatentersaunitprocess.Products
andmaterialsincluderawmaterials,intermediateproductsandco-products.(InternationalOrganisationforStandardization(ISO)14040:2006)
Lifecycle Consecutiveandinterlinkedstagesofaproductsystem,fromrawmaterialacquisitionorgenerationfromnaturalresourcestofinaldisposal.(ISO14040:2006)
Lifecycleapproach Takesintoconsiderationthespectrumofresourceflowsandenvironmentalinterventionsassociatedwithaproductororganisationfromasupplychainperspective,includingallstagesfromrawmaterialacquisitionthroughprocessing,distribution,use,andend-of-lifeprocesses,andallrelevantrelatedenvironmentalimpacts(insteadoffocusingonasingleissue).
Lifecycleassessment Compilationandevaluationoftheinputs,outputsandthepotentialenvironmentalimpactsofaproductsystemthroughoutitslifecycle.(ISO14040:2006)
1https://ec.europa.eu/energy/intelligent/projects/en/projects/e-track-ii
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Naturalmineralwater Naturalmineralwateroriginatesfromprotectedundergroundwatersourcesandmustbesafetodrinkatsource,initsnaturalstate,withoutdisinfectionorchemicaltreatment.Naturalmineralwatercanonlycomefromspecificdesignatedgroundwatersources,suchasnaturalexistsorboreholes.Ithasadistinctivemineralcomposition,whichalwaysremainsstableandwhichmaygivepropertiesfavourabletohealthtothewater;theconstituentsmustremainunalteredfromthepointoforiginatsourcerighttothefinalconsumer,andmustbestatedonthelabel.AccordingtoDirective2009/54/ECoftheEuropeanParliamentandoftheCouncilof18June2009ontheexploitationandmarketingofnaturalmineralwaters(EuropeanUnion2009),thereare3categoriesofeffervescentnaturalmineralwaters:(i)naturallycarbonatednaturalmineralwaters,(ii)naturalmineralwaterfortifiedwithgasfromthespringand(iii)carbonatednaturalmineralwater(theaddedcarbondioxidehasanoriginotherthanthewatertableordepositfromwhichthewatercomes).
Output Product,materialorenergyflowthatleavesaunitprocess.Productsandmaterialsincluderawmaterials,intermediateproducts,co-productsandreleases.(ISO14040:2006)
Primarydata Thistermreferstodatafromspecificprocesseswithinthesupply-chainofthecompanyapplyingthePEFCR.Suchdatamaytaketheformofactivitydata,orforegroundelementaryflows(lifecycleinventory).Primarydataaresite-specific,company-specific(ifmultiplesitesforthesameproduct)orsupply-chain-specific.Primarydatamaybeobtainedthroughmeterreadings,purchaserecords,utilitybills,engineeringmodels,directmonitoring,material/productbalances,stoichiometry,orothermethodsforobtainingdatafromspecificprocessesinthevaluechainofthecompanyapplyingthePEFCR.InthisGuidance,primarydataissynonymof"company-specificdata"or"supply-chainspecificdata".
Product Anygoodsorservice.(ISO14040:2006)
Productenvironmentalfootprintcategoryrules(PEFCRs)
Areproduct-type-specific,life-cycle-basedrulesthatcomplementgeneralmethodologicalguidanceforPEFstudiesbyprovidingfurtherspecificationatthelevelofaspecificproductcategory.PEFCRscanhelptoshiftthefocusofthePEFstudytowardsthoseaspectsandparametersthatmatterthemost,andhencecontributetoincreasedrelevance,reproducibilityandconsistency.
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Representativeproduct
The“representativeproduct”mayormaynotbearealproductthatonecanbuyontheEUmarket.Especiallywhenthemarketismadeupofdifferenttechnologies,the“representativeproduct”canbeavirtual(non-existing)productbuilt,forexample,fromtheaverageEUsales-weightedcharacteristicsofalltechnologiesaround.APEFCRmayincludemorethanonerepresentativeproductifappropriate.
Sealedcontainer Itreferstoacontainerwhichisclosedbyasealinordertoavoidtheviolationorthecontaminationofitscontent.
Secondarydata Itreferstodatanotfromspecificprocesswithinthesupply-chainofthecompanyapplyingthePEFCR.Thisreferstodatathatisnotdirectlycollected,measured,orestimatedbythecompany,butsourcedfromathird-partylife-cycle-inventorydatabaseorothersources.Secondarydataincludesindustry-averagedata(e.g.,frompublishedproductiondata,governmentstatistics,andindustryassociations),literaturestudies,engineeringstudiesandpatents,andcanalsobebasedonfinancialdata,andcontainproxydata,andothergenericdata.Primarydatathatgothroughahorizontalaggregationstepareconsideredassecondarydata.
Springwater Springwatercomesfromanamedandrecognisedunderground
source.Itmustbemicrobiologicallysafeandwholesometodrinkandwhereitmustbebottleddirectlyatsourcewithoutdisinfectionoranychemicaltreatment.Themaindifferencesbetweenspringwaterandnaturalmineralwaterarethatastablemineralbalanceisnotarequirementforspringwaters(thoughthisisoftenthecase)andmineralcompositionneednotbestatedonthelabel(thoughmanyproducersneverthelesschoosetodoso).Also,forchemicalparameters,springwatermustonlymeetconventionaldrinkingwaterstandards(asfortapwater).Thereisnoformalrecognitionprocessforspringwaters(asthereisfornaturalmineralwater)butqualitymonitoringandprotectionofthesourcemustbemaintained.
Systemboundary Definitionofaspectsincludedorexcludedfromthestudy.Forexample,fora“cradle-to-grave”EFanalysis,thesystemboundaryshouldincludeallactivitiesfromtheextractionofrawmaterialsthroughtheprocessing,distribution,storage,use,anddisposalorrecyclingstages.
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Systemboundarydiagram
GraphicrepresentationofthesystemboundarydefinedforthePEFstudy.
Functionalunit Thefunctionalunitdefinesthequalitativeandquantitativeaspectsofthefunction(s)and/orservice(s)providedbytheproductbeingevaluated;theunitofanalysisdefinitionanswersthequestions“what?”,“howmuch?”,“howwell?”,and“forhowlong?”
Upstream Occurringalongthesupplychainofpurchasedgoods/servicespriortoenteringthesystemboundary.
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1 IntroductionTheProductEnvironmentalFootprint (PEF)Guideprovidesdetailedandcomprehensive technical
guidanceonhowtoconductaPEFstudy.PEFstudiesmaybeusedforavarietyofpurposes,including
in-housemanagementandparticipationinvoluntaryormandatoryprogrammes.ForallrequirementsnotspecifiedinthisPEFCRtheapplicantshallrefertothedocumentsthisPEFCR
isinconformancewith(seechapterB.2.7).The compliance with the present PEFCR is optional for PEF in-house applications, whilst it is
mandatorywhenevertheresultsofaPEFstudyoranyofitscontentisintendedtobecommunicated.Terminology:shall,shouldandmayThisPEFCRusespreciseterminologytoindicatetherequirements,therecommendationsandoptions
thatcouldbechosenwhenaPEFstudyisconducted.● The term “shall” is used to indicate what is required in order for a PEF study to be in
conformancewiththisPEFCR.
● The term“should” isused to indicatea recommendation rather thana requirement.Any
deviationfroma“should”requirementhastobejustifiedwhendevelopingthePEFstudyand
madetransparent.
● The term “may” is used to indicate an option that is permissible.Whenever options are
available,thePEFstudyshallincludeadequateargumentationtojustifythechosenoption.
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2 GeneralinformationaboutthePEFCR
2.1 TechnicalsecretariatTable1Technicalsecretariat
Nameoftheorganization Typeoforganization Nameofthemembers(notmandatory)
EuropeanFederationofBottledWaters(EFBW)(Coordinator)
Industry PatriciaFosselard,ErmisPanagiotopoulos
EuropeanContainerGlassFederation(FEVE)
Industry FabriceRivet,RomeoPavanello
PETCOREEurope Industry PatrickPeuch,replacedbyChristianCrepetthe31/03/2017,CasperVanDenDungen(PlasticRecyclersEurope),AntonioFurfari
UnionEuropéennedesTransporteursRoutiers(UETR)
Industry LodeVerkinderen
DanoneWaters* Industry PhilippeDiercxsens
Ferrarelle* Industry GiuseppeDadà
NestléWaters* Industry BernardPruvost
SanBenedetto Industry DavideManzato,TullioVersace(sinceJuly2015)withthesupportoftheItalianEnvironmentMinistry(PieterRavaglia)andtheUniversityofPadova(AlessandroManzardo,AndreaLoss)
Spadel Industry AndeSchryver(leftonJune2015),PatrickJobé(sinceJune2015)
Quantis Consultant ViolaineMagaud,SebastienHumbert,SimonePedrazzini
where*indicatesthattheorganizationisacompanythatperformedasupportingstudy.
2.2 ConsultationsandstakeholdersAfirstpublicconsultationwasperformedfromSeptember24th,2014toOctober22nd,2014.AfirstphysicalconsultationhasbeenheldinBrusselsonOctober08th,2014wherethedefinitionofPEF
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product category, the scope of PEFCR and the definition of the representative product werepresentedandcommented.AfirstdraftPEFCRhasbeencarriedoutandprovidedasthedeliverablerequiredafterthecompletionofthePEFScreeningstep(includingthecritical reviewofthePEFscreeningreportandmodelbytheEuropeanCommissionandathird-partyreviewpanel).ThefirstdraftPEFCRhasbeensubmittedtovirtualconsultationinJune2015andthecommentshavebeenimplemented.OnOctober1st,2015,theEnvironmentalFootprintSteeringCommitteeapprovedthedraft,thusresultinginlaunchingthePEFsupportingstudies.ThreesupportingstudieshavebeenfinalizedinMay2016andthekeylearningshavebeenconsideredinthisnewdraftPEFCRversion.ThedevelopmentofthisPEFCRcanbefollowedonthededicatedpageforthePEFCRforpackedwaterthroughthismainpage:https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/fpfis/wikis/display/EUENVFP/Aftereachconsultation,commentswereanalysedandanswerswereprovidedontheEFwikispace.Whenrelevant,thePEFCRwasadaptedaccordingly.Table2Consultationsandstakeholders 1stconsultation 2ndconsultation 3rdconsultationType Onlineandphysical Online OnlineStart 24.09.2014 26.06.2015 29.07.2016
End 22.10.2014 26.07.2015 08.09.2016
Duration 4weeks 4weeks 6weeksNumberofparticipatingstakeholders(online)
3
8
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Nameoforganisations
TheInternationalEPDSystem(EPDInternationalAB),BrewersofEurope,ACE
NestléVevey,CEWEP,TheInternationalEPDSystem,GerolsteinerBrunnenGmbH&Co.KG,RoyalCanin,BelgiumFederal,thinkstepAG,SanBenedettoSpA
ALTRANITALIA,ASSOVETRO–AssociazioneNazionaleDegliindustrialidelVetro,BritishGlass,BVGlass,DGENV-Europeancommission,ENEA,onbehalfofMATTM(Ministero
dell'Ambienteedella
TuteladelTerritorioe
delMare),FEVE-TheEuropeanContainerGlassFederation,FCSIV-Fédérationdeschambressyndicalesdesindustriesduverre,PolishGlass
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ManufacurersFederation
Numberofparticipatingstakeholders(physical)
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Notapplicable Notapplicable
Numberofcomments 27 102 47
2.3 ReviewpanelandreviewrequirementsofthePEFCRTable3Reviewpanel
Nameofthemember Affiliation Role
FredericCroison Deloitte(France) Chair
BenediktKauertz IFEU(Germany)
StéphaneArditi EuropeanEnvironmentalBureau(EEB)
Thereviewershaveverifiedthatthefollowingrequirementshavebeenfulfilled:
● ThePEFCRhasbeendevelopedinaccordancewiththerequirementprovidedinthePEFCR
GuidanceVersion6.3,andwhereappropriateinaccordancewiththerequirementsprovided
inthemostrecentapprovedversionofthePEFGuide,andsupportscreationofcredibleand
consistentPEFprofiles,
● Thefunctionalunit,allocationandcalculationrulesareadequatefortheproductcategory
underconsideration,
● Company-specific and secondary datasets used to develop this PEFCR are relevant,
representative,andreliable,
● TheselectedLCIAindicatorsandadditionalenvironmentalinformationareappropriatefor
theproductcategoryunderconsiderationandtheselectionisdoneinaccordancewiththe
guidelinesstatedinthePEFCRGuidanceVersion6.3andthemostrecentapprovedversion
ofthePEFGuide,
● Thebenchmark(s)is(are)correctlydefined,and
● BothLCA-baseddataandtheadditionalenvironmentalinformationprescribedbythePEFCR
giveadescriptionofthesignificantenvironmentalaspectsassociatedwiththeproduct.
ThedetailedreviewreportisprovidedinAnnex4ofthisPEFCR.
2.4 ReviewstatementThisPEFCRhasbeendevelopedincompliancewithVersion6.3ofthePEFCRGuidance,andwiththePEFGuideadoptedbytheCommissionon9April2013.
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The representative product(s) correctly describe the average product(s) sold in Europe for the
productgroupinscopeofthisPEFCR2.
PEFstudiescarriedoutincompliancewiththisPEFCRwouldreasonablyleadtoreproducibleresults
andtheinformationincludedthereinmaybeusedtomakecomparisonsandcomparativeassertions
undertheprescribedconditions(seechapteronlimitations).ThereviewpanelwouldliketoemphasizethepositiveandconstructiveattitudeoftheTSduringthereviewprocess.Nomajorissuesremainuntreatedattheendofthereviewprocess.Regardingtheglobalreviewprocess,thepanelnotesthattheevolutiveand“instable”contextinwhich the reviewwasperformed (interruptionof the reviewprocessseveralmonthsduring theremodellingexercise,successivemodificationsofthereferencedocument(PEFCRGuidance),etc.)mayhavegeneratedadditionaleffortfromthepanelmemberstofulfilthereview.HoweverthisspecificcontextwascompletelyunderstandableaccordingtotheexperimentalnatureofthePilotphase.Inadditiontotheseelements,thepanelconcludesthatthereviewhelpedenhancethequalityofthePEFCRforpackedwater.Followingthisprocess,thereviewerscertifythat:
• ThePEFCRisconsistentwiththeguidelinesofthePEFguideandtheGuidancepreviouslymentioned;• Methodologicalrules(functionalunit,allocation,calculationrules,etc.)areadequatefortheproduct
category;• The environmental indicators and additional environmental information are appropriate for the
productcategoryandinaccordancewiththeguidelinesofthePEFguideandtheGuidance;• Thebenchmarkarecorrectlydefined(definitionofperformanceclassesareexcludedfromthescope
ofthePEFCRduringthePilotphase);• BothLCA-baseddataandtheadditionalenvironmentalinformationprescribedbythePEFCRgivea
descriptionofthesignificantenvironmentalaspectsassociatedwiththeproduct. In view of the update of the PEFCR and future use of the document by EF practitioners, thereviewersproposethatincaseofanymajorchangesinthePEFguideorinthePEFCRGuidanceorincaseofmajormethodologicalbreakthroughwhichmayconcerntheproductcategory,thePEFCRshouldberevisedbeforeDecember31st2020.
2.5 GeographicvalidityThisPEFCRisvalidforproductsinscopesold/consumedintheEuropeanUnion+EFTA.EachPEF study shall identify its geographical validity listingall the countrieswhere theproduct
objectofthePEFstudyisconsumed/soldwiththerelativemarketshare.Incasetheinformationon
themarket for the specific product object of the study is not available, Europe +EFTA shall be
consideredasthedefaultmarket,withanequalmarketshareforeachcountry.
2.6 LanguageThePEFCR iswritten inEnglish.Theoriginal inEnglish supersedes translatedversions in caseof
conflicts.
2Note:see“AdditionalinformationrelatedtorepresentativeproductsusedinPEFCRdevelopment”inANNEXB.4-OtherAnnexes.
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2.7 ConformancetootherdocumentsThisPEFCRhasbeenpreparedinconformancewiththefollowingdocuments(inprevailingorder):PEFCRGuidance6.3ProductEnvironmentalFootprint(PEF)Guide;AnnexIItotheRecommendation2013/179/EU,9April
2013.PublishedintheofficialjournaloftheEuropeanUnionVolume56,4May2013
3 PEFCRscopeTheproductcategoryforthisPEFCRincludespackedwaternotsweetenednorflavoured.AccordingtoEFBW’swebsite(EFBW2014),waterincludes3varieties:i)naturalmineralwater,ii)springwaterandiii)bottleddrinkingwater,andcanbestillorcarbonated3(alsoknownaseffervescentorsparklingwater).4Allthesevarietiesareinthescopeofthisdocument.Theentirelifecycle(cradletograve)ofpackedwatershallbeassessed.Forinformation,thereisalimitationontheapplicationofcomparisonorcomparativeassertionbetweendifferenttypesofpackagingmaterialsofpackedwaters.Sincethemulti-functionalityofpackagingisnotfullycaptured,thisPEFCRisnotmeanttosupportspecificcomparisonorcomparativeassertionbetweenpackagingmaterials(seesection3.6.).
3Itcontainscarbondioxidegaswhichmaybenaturallyoccurringormaybeadded.4Naturalmineralwateroriginatesfromprotectedundergroundwatersourcesandmustbesafetodrinkatsource,initsnaturalstate,withoutdisinfectionorchemicaltreatment.Naturalmineralwatercanonlycomefromspecificdesignatedgroundwatersources,suchasnaturalexistsorboreholes.Ithasadistinctivemineralcomposition,whichalwaysremainsstableandwhichmaygivepropertiesfavourabletohealthtothewater;theconstituentsmustremainunalteredfromthepointoforiginatsourcerighttothefinalconsumer,andmustbestatedonthelabel.AccordingtoDirective2009/54/ECoftheEuropeanParliamentandoftheCouncilof18June2009ontheexploitationandmarketingofnaturalmineralwaters(EuropeanUnion2009),thereare3categoriesofeffervescentnaturalmineralwaters:(i)naturallycarbonatednaturalmineralwaters,(ii)naturalmineralwaterfortifiedwithgasfromthespringand(iii)carbonatednaturalmineralwater(theaddedcarbondioxidehasanoriginotherthanthewatertableordepositfromwhichthewatercomes).Springwatercomesfromanamedandrecognisedundergroundsource.Itmustbemicrobiologicallysafeandwholesometodrink,andmustbebottleddirectlyatsourcewithoutdisinfectionoranychemicaltreatment.Themaindifferencesbetweenspringwaterandnaturalmineralwaterarethatastablemineralbalanceisnotarequirementforspringwaters(thoughthisisoftenthecase)andmineralcompositionneednotbestatedonthelabel(thoughmanyproducersneverthelesschoosetodoso).Also,forchemicalparameters,springwatermustonlymeetconventionaldrinkingwaterstandards(asfortapwater).Thereisnoformalrecognitionprocessforspringwaters(asthereisfornaturalmineralwater)butqualitymonitoringandprotectionofthesourcemustbemaintained.Bottleddrinkingwater,alsoknownastablewater,mayoriginatefromvarioussources,includinggroundwater,surfacewater,municipalsupply,butalsodesalinatedwater.ItmustcomplywithnationalandEUdrinkingwaterregulations,whicharedifferenttotherulesgoverningnaturalmineralwaterandspringwaters.Itiscommonlytreatedanddisinfectedfortaste.Purificationbychemicalandphysicaltreatment,suchaschlorinationandreverseosmosis,iscommonpractice.Mineralsmayberestoredtothiswater.AccordingtoCanadean(2013),naturalmineralwaterrepresents83%oftheEuropeanpackedwatermarket,springwaterrepresents14%andbottleddrinkingwaterrepresents3%.IntheEurope,51.6billionlitresofbottledwaterwereconsumedin2012.
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3.1 ProductclassificationThe CPA code for the products included in this PEFCR is: C 11.07.11, under the classification:“Manufacturedproducts”à“Beverage”à“Softdrinks,mineralwatersandotherbottledwaters”à“Mineralwatersandsoftdrinks”;(softdrinksareexcludedfromthescope).
3.2 Representativeproduct(s)Themainfunctionoftheproductistoprovidewaterfromsealedcontainersreadytobedrunkatthemouthcontributingtohydration.Somealternativeapplicationsarepresentonthemarketwhichcorrespondtothemainthreesub-categorieslistedhere:
• “otherchannels”applicationswhichincludethe“onthego”application(characterizedbyaneasilytransportableanduseableproducts)andthe“athome”application(characterizedbyproductsmainlyusedwithinadomesticcontext);
• “athoreca”applicationconsidersproductsmainlyusedatahotel,restaurantorcafé;and
• “attheoffice”applicationconsidersproductsmainlyusedwithinaprofessionalcontext.
ThreedifferentrepresentativeproductsareconsideredinthisPEFCR,oneforeachofthefollowingproductsub-categories:“otherchannels”,“athoreca”and“attheoffice”.ThekeyinformationforeachrepresentativeproductispresentedinTable4andillustratedinFigure1.Table4ThethreerepresentativeproductsconsideredinthisPEFCR
Sub-categories:unit “otherchannels” “athoreca” “attheoffice”Primarypackaging(mainbody)
Material n/a PET Glass PCVolume L 1.5 1.0 18.9System n/a one-way refillable refillable(HOD)
Nameoftherepresentativeproduct PETone-way
1.5LGlassrefillable
1.0L5
HODPCrefillable5gallons
Note:5gallons=18.9litersNote:thePETconsideredintheserepresentativeproductsdoesnotincluderecycledPET;nevertheless0%ofrecycledPETcontent(seealsoAnnexCofGuidance6.3)doesnotfittotherealsituationinthememberstates(accordingtofeedbackfromreviewpanel).Thisassumptionrelatedtorepresentativeproductoverestimatestheimpact.
5Thismostdominantrepresentativeproductisespeciallyrelevantforrestaurants,cafésandhotels.Regardingfast-foodandsnackentities(i.e.,"smallrestaurants"),PET-basedpackedwaterproductscouldbeasignificantpartofthissub-category.Pleasesee"PEFCR_PackedWater_DrafPEFCR_2014-11-17_Quantis.pdf"availableonthededicatedwebpage(https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/fpfis/wikis/display/EUENVFP/)foramoredetaileddiscussiononthispoint."
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Figure1Illustrationofthesub-categories(blue)andtherepresentativeproducts(green)
Arepresentativebillofmaterial(mainlyfocusedonpackaging)foreachrepresentativeproductwasdeterminedbasedoninputsoftheTechnicalSecretariat(TS),publicstudiesorcategoryguidancealreadyexisting.Allrepresentativeproductsarebasedonrealproductsandregardingtheprimarypackagingassumptions,thedatarefermainlytostillwater.AccordingtoCanadean(2013),in2013thestillwaterrepresentsabout60%oftheEuropeanmarket.Thefollowingfractionsofcarbonatedwaterareconsideredforeachrepresentativeproduct:40%forthe“PETone-way1.5L”and“Glassrefillable1.0L”,and0%(i.e.,stillwater)for“HODPCrefillable5gallons”.Additionalinformationisdetailedin“AdditionalinformationrelatedtorepresentativeproductsusedinPEFCRdevelopment”inANNEXB.4-OtherAnnexes.ThescreeningstudyisavailableuponrequesttotheTScoordinatorthathastheresponsibilityof
distributingitwithanadequatedisclaimeraboutitslimitations.
3.3 FunctionalunitandreferenceflowTheFUistoprovide100mlofwaterfromsealedcontainersreadytobedrunkatthemouthcontributingtohydration.Table5definesthekeyaspectsusedtodefinetheFU.
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Table5KeyaspectsoftheFU
What? To provide water from sealed containers ready to be drunk at the mouthcontributingtohydration
How
much?100ml
How
well?*TosatisfythequalityrequirementssetatNationaland/oratEUlevelforthefollowing varieties: i) naturalmineralwater, ii) springwater and iii) bottleddrinkingwater,andcanbestillorcarbonated(alsoknownaseffervescentorsparklingwater)Thedifferencesinqualityrequirementscouldnotbeincorporatedsofar.This
limitationisrecognizedandrequiresfurtherdevelopmentsinordertoimprove
faircomparisons.
How
long?*Forthefunctionalunit,thedurationis“atonetake”,duetothelowquantity(100ml)Thedurationisrelatedtotheproductconservation(i.e.uptothebestbeforedate),whichdependsonmultipleparameterssuchastypeofproduct(stillorcarbonatedwater), typeofpackagingandspecificstorageconditions,but isusually2yearsforstillwaters(independentlyofthepackagingmaterial),andforcarbonatedwaters9to12monthsforPETcontainersand24monthsforglasscontainers.However,watercanalwaysbedrunkevenlongtimeaftertheendofthe“Bestbeforedate”.
*Thedescriptionofthefunctionalunitdoesnotcaptureadequatelythefunction(s)ofpackaging:inparticular1)theduration(“howlong”)and2)thelevelofquality(“howwell”)arenotspecifictothefunctionprovidedbythepackaging.Asaresult,thereisalimitationontheapplicationofcomparisonorcomparativeassertionbetweendifferentpackagingmaterialsofpackedwaters.Since themulti-functionalityofpackaging isnotfullycaptured,thisPEFCRisnotmeanttosupportspecificcomparisonorcomparativeassertionbetweenpackagingmaterials.The reference flow is the amount of product needed to fulfil the defined function and shall be
measuredastheratiobetweenthefunctionalunitandthecapacityoftheproduct(volume/quantity
ofwaterperproduct,i.e.containedinprimarypackaging).Allquantitativeinputandoutputdatacollectedinthestudyshallbecalculatedinrelationtothisreferenceflow.
Watercanalwaysbedrunkevenlongtimeaftertheendofthe“Bestbeforedate”.The“Bestbeforedate”isspecifictoeachcompany.Forstillwaters,the“Bestbeforedate”isratherhomogenousforall brands: themajority define it as 2 years independently of the packagingmaterial used. Forcarbonated waters, the “Best before date” must be appropriate to the permeability of thepackagingmaterials(bottleandcap).ThemajorityofPETcontainershasa“Bestbeforedate”of9
20
to12months,whileglasscontainershavea“Bestbeforedate”of24months.Thechoiceofthe“Best before date” by a company may imply changes of packaging type and specific storageconditions.Sincethestayofcontainersofpackedwaterinthewarehouseisinaveragelimitedtofewweeksorless,thisvalueforstoragetimeismuchsmallerthanthevalueofthe"Bestbeforedate",thereforeinthisPEFCR,the“Bestbeforedate”isnottakenintoaccountinthefunctionalunitanditsvaluehasthereforenodirectconsequencetothePEFresults.
3.4 SystemboundaryThefollowinglifecyclestagesandprocessesshallbeincludedinthesystemboundary:Table6Lifecyclestages
Lifecyclestage Shortdescriptionoftheprocessesincluded
Packagingmaterials6
The life cycle stage “Packagingmaterials” includes thepackaging rawmaterials production, the forming processes of packaging, and thetransportofmaterialstowaterfactory.Transportationofusedemptyrefillable containers back to water factory is included in the stage“Packagingmaterials7”.
Manufacturing The life cycle stage “Manufacturing” includes the steps of waterextraction, containers filling and grouping, gas production forcarbonatedwaterandwashingandsterilizationofrefillablecontainers.The life cycle stage “Manufacturing” includes the energy and waterconsumptionoftheentirewaterfactory,i.e.itincludestheenergyandwater consumption of the different facilities and activities on waterfactory site (e.g. air conditioning, heating, washing of the lines, lossrates). Those additional consumptions canbe added in the sub-stage“Waterextraction,fillingandgrouping”.
Distribution Thelifecyclestage“Distribution”includesthedifferenttransportstepsfordistribution,aswellasstorageinwarehousesandretailer(onlyfor“Otherchannels”subcategory).
Use Thelifecyclestage“Use”includesthechillingoperationsatfinaluser,thegasemissionsofcarbonatedwater,butalsoglassandplasticcup(ifany)productionandend-of-lifeanddishwashing.
Packaging end-of-life
The lifecyclestage“Packagingend-of-life” includesthetransportandtreatment of the different packaging waste (primary, secondary and
6Thislifecyclestagecorrespondstorawmaterialacquisitionandprocessing7InthecurrentversionofthisPEFCR,transportationofusedemptyrefillablecontainersbacktowaterfactoryisincludedinthestage“Packagingmaterials”ratherthanin“Manufacturing”or“Distribution”.Thismightbeadaptedinanextrevisionofthedocument.
21
tertiarypackaging)8.
TheFigure2presentsthesystemboundarydiagramthatshallbeapplied.
Figure 2 System boundaries and details on each life cycle stage considered. Processes forming the foreground system areunderlined.*Productionstepsin“01.Packagingmaterials”shallinclude:i)productionofrawmaterialsandii)processing(e.g.,PETinjectioninordertomakepreforms,blowmouldingofthePETpreforms,heatingandmouldingfortheglassmaking,PCextrusionintoahollowtube,PCblowmouldingofthedesiredcontainer).Note:Thelifecyclestage“Manufacturing”includestheenergyandwaterconsumptionoftheentirewaterfactory,i.e.itincludestheenergyandwaterconsumptionofthedifferentfacilitiesandactivitiesonwaterfactorysite(e.g.airconditioning,heating,washingofthelines,lossrates).Thoseadditionalconsumptionscanbeaddedinthesub-stage“Waterextraction,fillingandgrouping”.
8Thepackagingend-of-lifeistheonlywasteconsideredinthelifecyclestage“end-of-life”forwater.Forexample,theend-of-lifeofaglassthatcouldbeusedintheusestageisincludedwithintheusestage,andnotinthe“end-of-life”stage.
22
Note:Gasproductionforcarbonatedwaterincludesalltheoperationsnecessarytocarbonationofwater,i.e.gasproductionorgasextraction,gastransportation,gasstorageandgasinjection.Note:LossesofmaterialduringpackagingformingprocessesshallbetakenintoaccountatleastforprimarypackagingelementsTheyshouldbetakenintoaccountforsecondaryandtertiarypackaging,wheneverpossible.Theapplicantshalljustifywhypackaginglosseswerenotconsideredforsecondaryandtertiarypackaging,ifapplicable.-Withineachofthesestages,allidentifiable“upstream”inputsareincludedtoprovideacomprehensiveviewoftheproductsystem.Thoseupstreaminputsareincludedinthebackgrounddatasets.Whenrelevant,infrastructureisalsoincluded.Inthisway,theproductionchainsofallinputsaretracedbacktotheoriginalextractionofrawmaterials.TheFigure3presentsthediagramoftheprocessesforwhichcompany-specificdataarerequired(indicatedinblackboxesonthediagram).
*Correspondstoprocessesforwhichcompany-specificdataarerequiredonlyforHODsystemsFigure3Processesforwhichcompany-specificdataarerequired(indicatedinblack).
01.Packagingmaterials
02.Manufacturing
03.Distribution
04.Use
05.Packagingend-of-life
Primarypackaging:production
Packagingtransporttofactory
Secondarypackaging:production
Tertiarypackaging:production
Usedpackagingtransporttofactory
Waterextraction,containerfillingandgrouping
Gasproduction forcarbonatedwater Containerwashingoperations
Transporttothedistributioncentre
Warehouse(storage)
Transporttofinaluser
Retail(storage)
Transporttopointofsale
Glassandplasticcupproductionandend-of-life*
Glasswashing
Gasemissionsofcarbonatedwater Chillingoperations(atfinaluser)*
House-holdwaste:primaryandsecondarypackagingtransportandtreatment(incineration,incinerationwithenergyrecovery,landfillingandrecycling)ifcollectionatconsumer
Industrialwaste:secondaryandtertiarypackagingtransportandtreatment(incineration,incinerationwithenergyrecovery,landfillingandrecycling)ifcollectionatretailer
23
AccordingtothisPEFCR,thefollowingprocessesmaybeexcludedbasedonthecut-offrule:• Waterfactoryinfrastructures,includingbuildingandmachinery.
Each PEF study done in accordance with this PEFCR shall provide in the PEF study a diagram
indicating the organizational boundary, to highlight those activities under the control of the
organizationandthosefallingintoSituation1,2or3ofthedataneedmatrix.
3.5 EFimpactassessmentEachPEFstudycarriedoutincompliancewiththisPEFCRshallcalculatethePEF-profileincluding
allPEFimpactcategorieslistedintheTablebelow.Table7ListoftheimpactcategoriestobeusedtocalculatethePEFprofileImpactcategory Indicator Unit RecommendeddefaultLCIA
methodClimatechange
9
RadiativeforcingasGlobal
WarmingPotential
(GWP100)
kgCO2eqBaselinemodelof100yearsofthe
IPCC(basedonIPCC2013)
-Climatechange-
biogenic9
-Climatechange–
landuseandland
transformation9
Ozonedepletion OzoneDepletionPotential
(ODP)
kgCFC-11eq Steady-stateODPs1999asin
WMOassessment
Humantoxicity,
cancer*
ComparativeToxicUnitfor
humans(CTUh)
CTUh USEtoxmodel(Rosenbaumetal,
2008)
Humantoxicity,
non-cancer*
ComparativeToxicUnitfor
humans(CTUh)
CTUh USEtoxmodel(Rosenbaumetal,
2008)
Particulatematter Impactonhumanhealth diseaseincidence UNEPrecommendedmodel
(Fantkeetal2016)
Ionisingradiation,
humanhealth
Humanexposureefficiency
relativetoU235
kBqU235
eq Humanhealtheffectmodelas
developedbyDreiceretal.1995
(Frischknechtetal,2000)
Photochemical
ozoneformation,
humanhealth
Troposphericozone
concentrationincrease
kgNMVOCeq LOTOS-EUROSmodel(VanZelmet
al,2008)asimplementedin
ReCiPe
Acidification AccumulatedExceedance
(AE)
molH+eq AccumulatedExceedance(Seppälä
etal.2006,Poschetal,2008)
Eutrophication,
terrestrial
AccumulatedExceedance
(AE)
molNeq AccumulatedExceedance(Seppälä
etal.2006,Poschetal,2008)
Eutrophication,
freshwater
Fractionofnutrients
reachingfreshwaterend
compartment(P)
kgPeq EUTRENDmodel(Struijsetal,
2009b)asimplementedinReCiPe
Eutrophication,
marine
Fractionofnutrients
reachingmarineend
compartment(N)
kgNeq EUTRENDmodel(Struijsetal,
2009b)asimplementedinReCiPe
Ecotoxicity,
freshwater*
ComparativeToxicUnitfor
ecosystems(CTUe)
CTUe USEtoxmodel,(Rosenbaumetal,
2008)
9Thesub-indicators'Climatechange-biogenic'and'Climatechange-landuseandlandtransformation'shallnotbereportedseparatelybecausetheircontributiontothetotalclimatechangeimpact,basedonthebenchmarkresults,islessthan5%each."
24
Impactcategory Indicator Unit RecommendeddefaultLCIAmethod
Landuse
• Soilquality
index10
• Bioticproduction
• Erosionresistance
• Mechanical
filtration
• Groundwater
replenishment
• Dimensionless(pt)
• kgbioticproduction11
• kgsoil
• m3water
• m3groundwater
• Soilqualityindexbased
onLANCA(EC-JRC)12
• LANCA(Becketal.2010)
• LANCA(Becketal.2010)
• LANCA(Becketal.2010)
• LANCA(Becketal.2010)
Wateruse** Userdeprivationpotential
(deprivation-weighted
waterconsumption)
m3worldeq AvailableWAterREmaining
(AWARE)Boulayetal.,2016
Resourceuse,
mineralsandmetals
Abioticresourcedepletion
(ADPultimatereserves)
kgSbeq CML2002(Guinéeetal.,2002)
andvanOersetal.2002.
Resourceuse,fossils Abioticresourcedepletion
–fossilfuels(ADP-fossil)
MJ CML2002(Guinéeetal.,2002)
andvanOersetal.2002
*Long-termemissions(occurringbeyond100years)shallbeexcludedfromthetoxicimpactcategories.Toxicityemissionstothissub-compartmenthaveacharacterisationfactorsetto0intheEFLCIA(toensureconsistency).IfincludedbytheapplicantintheLCImodelling,thesub-compartment'unspecified(long-term)'shallbeused.**Theresultsforwaterusemightbeoverestimatedandshallthereforebeinterpretedwithcaution.SomeoftheEFdatasetstenderedduringthepilotphaseandusedinthisPEFCR/OEFSRincludeinconsistenciesintheregionalizationandelementaryflowimplementations.ThisproblemhasnothingtodowiththeimpactassessmentmethodortheimplementabilityofEFmethods,butoccurredduringthetechnicaldevelopmentofsomeofthedatasets.ThePEFCR/OEFSRremainsvalidandusable.TheaffectedEFdatasetswillbecorrectedbymid-2019.AtthattimeitwillbepossibletoreviewthisPEFCR/OEFSRaccordingly,ifseennecessary.
ThefulllistofnormalizationfactorsandweightingfactorsareavailableinAnnex1-ListofEFnormalisationfactorsandweightingfactors.Thefulllistofcharacterizationfactors(EC-JRC,2017a)isavailableatthislinkhttp://eplca.jrc.ec.europa.eu/LCDN/developer.xhtml
3.6 LimitationsLimitationvalidforanyPEFresultsTheresultsarerelativeexpressionsanddonotpredictimpactsoncategoryendpoints,theexceedingofthresholds,safetymarginsorrisks.ThisdisclaimershalltobeputinanyPEFreport.Limitationrelatedtothemulti-functionalityofthepackagingPackagingisincludedinthescopeofthePEFCRasitisanintegralpartofthefinalpackedwaterproducts.InaccordancewiththePEFPilotGuidanceVersion6.3,paragraph6.3,“Meaningfulcomparisonscanonlybemadewhenproductsarecapableoffulfillingthesamefunction(asexpressedinthefunctionalunit)”and“anequallyimportantobjectiveistoenablecomparisonsandcomparativeassertionsinallcaseswhenthisisconsideredfeasible,relevantandappropriate”.
10 This index is the result of the aggregation, performed by JRC, of the 4 indicators provided by LANCAmodel asindicatorsforlanduse11Thisreferstooccupation.IncaseoftransformationtheLANCAindicatorsarewithouttheyear(a)12ForthcomingdocumentontheupdateoftherecommendedImpactAssessmentmethodsandfactorsfortheEF
25
Packagingisamulti-functionalproduct:accordingtoareportoftheUNEP/SETACLifeCycleInitiative,“themostimportantroleofpackagingistoprotectandcontaintheproductduringdistributionandstorage.Whendesignedintelligently,itcanensureproductsafety—particularlyimportantforfoodandbeverages—andminimizelosses.Inthefoodandbeverageindustry,packagingalsoservestopreservetheproductandpreventspoilage,provideinformation,provideconvenienceandportioncontrol,andmarkettotheconsumer”13.However,themulti-functionalityofpackagingisnotfullycapturedbythecurrentLCAandPEFmethod,14inparticularinthecontextofcomparisonorcomparativeassertions.InthePEFCRofpackedwater,thedescriptionofthefunctionalunitdoesnotcaptureadequatelythefunction(s)ofpackaging:e.g.,theduration(“howlong”)andthelevelofquality(“howwell”)arenotspecifictothefunctionprovidedbythepackaging.Asaresult,thereisalimitationontheapplicationofcomparisonorcomparativeassertionbetweendifferentpackagingmaterialsofpackedwater.Sincethemulti-functionalityofpackagingisnotfullycaptured,thisPEFCRisnotmeanttosupportspecificcomparisonorcomparativeassertionbetweenpackagingmaterials.Limitationrelatedtotherepresentativeproductofthesub-category“Otherchannels”ThePETconsideredintheserepresentativeproductsdoesnotincluderecycledPET;nevertheless0%ofrecycledPETcontent(seealsoAnnexCofGuidance6.3)doesnotfittotherealsituationinthememberstates(accordingtofeedbackfromreviewpanel).Thisassumptionrelatedtorepresentativeproductoverestimatestheimpact.
4 Mostrelevantimpactcategories,lifecyclestagesandprocesses
4.1 Sub-category“otherchannels”Themostrelevantimpactcategoriesforthesub-category“otherchannels”inscopeofthisPEFCRarethefollowing:
• Climatechange,• Resourceuse,fossils,• Resourceuse,mineralandmetals.
Themostrelevantlifecyclestagesforthesub-category“otherchannels”inscopeofthisPEFCRarethefollowing:
● Packagingmaterials,● Distribution,● Use,● Packagingend-of-life.
Themostrelevantprocessesforthesub-category“otherchannels”inscopeofthisPEFCRarethe
following.
13UNEP/SETACLifeCycleInitiative,2013:AnAnalysisofLifeCycleAssessmentinPackagingforFood&BeverageApplications14OutcomesoftheEFTABmeeting,31stMay2016
26
Table8Listofthemostrelevantprocessesforthesub-category“otherchannels”Impactcategory Processes
Climatechange Electricitygridmix1kV-60kV|AC,technologymix|consumptionmix,atconsumer|1kV-60kV{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesManufacturing,Distribution,Use)
PETgranulates,bottlegrade|viapurifiedterephthalicacid(PTA)andethyleneglycol|productionmix,atplant|192.17g/molperrepeatingunit{EU-28+EFTA}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials)
Passengercar,average|technologymix,gasolineanddieseldriven,Euro3-5,passengercar|consumptionmix,toconsumer|enginesizefrom1,4lupto>2l{GLO}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestageDistribution)
Articulatedlorrytransport,Euro4,Totalweight>32t|dieseldriven,Euro4,cargo|consumptionmix,toconsumer|morethan32tgrossweight/24,7tpayloadcapacity{EU-28+3}[Unitprocess,singleoperation](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Distribution,Use,Packagingend-of-life)
Injectionmoulding|plasticinjectionmoulding|productionmix,atplant|forPP,HDPEandPE{EU-28+EFTA}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials)
Aluminiumingot(coppermainsolute)|primaryproduction,aluminiumcastingandalloying|singleroute,atplant|2.7g/cm3{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesUse)
WasteincinerationofPET|waste-to-energyplantwithdryfluegastreatment,includingtransportandpre-treatment|productionmix,atconsumer|polyethyleneterephthalatewaste{EU-28+EFTA}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingend-of-life)
Dieselmixatrefinery|fromcrudeoil|productionmix,atrefinery|10ppmsulphur,7.23wt.%biocomponents{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Distribution,Use,Packagingend-of-life)
Thermalenergyfromnaturalgas|technologymixregardingfiringandfluegascleaning|productionmix,atheatplant|MJ,100%efficiency{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesManufacturing,Distribution)
Stretchblowmoulding|stretchblowmoulding|productionmix,atplant|3%loss,5MJelectricityconsumption{EU-28+EFTA}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials)
Thermalenergyfromlightfueloil(LFO)|technologymixregardingfiringandfluegascleaning|productionmix,atheatplant|MJ,100%efficiency{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesManufacturing)
Resourceuse,fossils
Electricitygridmix1kV-60kV|AC,technologymix|consumptionmix,atconsumer|1kV-60kV{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesManufacturint,Distribution,Use)
PETgranulates,bottlegrade|viapurifiedterephthalicacid(PTA)andethyleneglycol|productionmix,atplant|192.17g/molperrepeatingunit{EU-28+EFTA}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials)
Dieselmixatrefinery|fromcrudeoil|productionmix,atrefinery|10ppmsulphur,7.23wt.%biocomponents{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Distribution,Use,Packagingend-of-life)
Passengercar,average|technologymix,gasolineanddieseldriven,Euro3-5,passengercar|consumptionmix,toconsumer|enginesizefrom1,4lupto>2l{GLO}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesDistribution)
27
Injectionmoulding|plasticinjectionmoulding|productionmix,atplant|forPP,HDPEandPE{EU-28+EFTA}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Use)
PlasticFilm,PE|rawmaterialproduction,plasticextrusion|productionmix,atplant|grammage:0.0943kg/m2{EU-28+EFTA}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials)
Screwcap,HDPE|rawmaterialproduction,plasticinjectionmoulding|productionmix,atplant|0.91-0.96g/cm3,28g/molperrepeatingunit{EU-28+EFTA}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials)
Aluminiumingot(coppermainsolute)|primaryproduction,aluminiumcastingandalloying|singleroute,atplant|2.7g/cm3{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesUse)
Resourceuse,mineralandmetals
PETgranulates,bottlegrade|viapurifiedterephthalicacid(PTA)andethyleneglycol|productionmix,atplant|192.17g/molperrepeatingunit{EU-28+EFTA}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials)
Coppercathode|productionmix|atplant|perkg{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesUse)
4.2 Sub-category“athoreca”Themostrelevantimpactcategoriesforthesub-category“athoreca”inscopeofthisPEFCRarethefollowing:
• Climatechange,• Photochemicalozoneformation,humanhealth,• Acidification,• Resourceuse,fossils,• Resourceuse,mineralandmetals.
Themostrelevantlifecyclestagesforthesub-category“athoreca”inscopeofthisPEFCRarethefollowing:
● Packagingmaterials,● Distribution,● Use,● Packagingend-of-life.
Table9Listofthemostrelevantprocessesforthesub-category“athoreca”Impactcategory Processes
Climatechange Electricitygridmix1kV-60kV|AC,technologymix|consumptionmix,atconsumer|1kV-60kV{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesManufacturing,Distribution,Use)
Articulatedlorrytransport,Euro4,Totalweight>32t|dieseldriven,Euro4,cargo|consumptionmix,toconsumer|morethan32tgrossweight/24,7tpayloadcapacity{EU-28+3}[Unitprocess,singleoperation](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Distribution,Use,Packagingend-of-life)
Ringpullcap,aluminium|metalproduction,capmanufacturing|productionmix,atplant|aluminiumwithplasticinnerliner{EU-28+EFTA}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials)
28
Thermalenergyfromnaturalgas|technologymixregardingfiringandfluegascleaning|productionmix,atheatplant|MJ,100%efficiency{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesManufacturing,Distribution)
Containerglass,virgin|Virgincontainerglass(allsizes)tobeusedforglassbottlesandfoodjars|Productionmix.Technologymix.EU-28+EFTA|1kgofformedandfinishedcontainerglass{EU-28+EFTA}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Use,Packagingend-of-life)
Containerglass,ER,RecycledContent100%(providedbyFEVE)-Aggregated|Recycledcontainerglass(allsizes)tobeusedforglassbottlesandfoodjars|Productionmix.Technologymix.EU-28+EFTA|1kgofformedandfinishedcontainerglass{EU-27}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Use,Packagingend-of-life)
Dieselmixatrefinery|fromcrudeoil|productionmix,atrefinery|10ppmsulphur,7.23wt.%biocomponents{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Distribution,Use,Packagingend-of-life)
HDPEgranulates|Polymerisationofethylene|productionmix,atplant|0.91-0.96g/cm3,28g/molperrepeatingunit{EU-28+EFTA}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials)
Articulatedlorrytransport,Euro4,Totalweight7,5-12t|dieseldriven,Euro4,cargo|consumptionmix,toconsumer|7,5t-12tgrossweight/5tpayloadcapacity{EU-28+3}[Unitprocess,singleoperation](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Distribution)
Aluminiumingot(coppermainsolute)|primaryproduction,aluminiumcastingandalloying|singleroute,atplant|2.7g/cm3{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesUse)
Photochemicalozoneformation,humanhealth
C001|Articulatedlorrytransport,Euro4,Totalweight>32t|dieseldriven,Euro4,cargo|consumptionmix,toconsumer|morethan32tgrossweight/24,7tpayloadcapacity{EU-28+3}[Unitprocess,singleoperation](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Distribution,Use,Packagingend-of-life)
Electricitygridmix1kV-60kV|AC,technologymix|consumptionmix,atconsumer|1kV-60kV{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesManufacturing,Distribution,Use)
Containerglass,ER,RecycledContent100%(providedbyFEVE)-Aggregated|Recycledcontainerglass(allsizes)tobeusedforglassbottlesandfoodjars|Productionmix.Technologymix.EU-28+EFTA|1kgofformedandfinishedcontainerglass{EU-27}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Use,Packagingend-of-life)
Articulatedlorrytransport,Euro4,Totalweight7,5-12t|dieseldriven,Euro4,cargo|consumptionmix,toconsumer|7,5t-12tgrossweight/5tpayloadcapacity{EU-28+3}[Unitprocess,singleoperation](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Distribution)
Ringpullcap,aluminium|metalproduction,capmanufacturing|productionmix,atplant|aluminiumwithplasticinnerliner{EU-28+EFTA}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials)
Dieselmixatrefinery|fromcrudeoil|productionmix,atrefinery|10ppmsulphur,7.23wt.%biocomponents{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Distribution,Use,Packagingend-of-life)
Acidification Articulatedlorrytransport,Euro4,Totalweight>32t|dieseldriven,Euro4,cargo|consumptionmix,toconsumer|morethan32tgrossweight/24,7tpayloadcapacity{EU-28+3}[Unitprocess,singleoperation]
29
(fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Distribution,Use,Packagingend-of-life)
Electricitygridmix1kV-60kV|AC,technologymix|consumptionmix,atconsumer|1kV-60kV{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesManufacturing,Distribution,Use)
Ringpullcap,aluminium|metalproduction,capmanufacturing|productionmix,atplant|aluminiumwithplasticinnerliner{EU-28+EFTA}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials)
C002|Articulatedlorrytransport,Euro4,Totalweight7,5-12t|dieseldriven,Euro4,cargo|consumptionmix,toconsumer|7,5t-12tgrossweight/5tpayloadcapacity{EU-28+3}[Unitprocess,singleoperation](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Distribution)
Containerglass,ER,RecycledContent100%(providedbyFEVE)-Aggregated|Recycledcontainerglass(allsizes)tobeusedforglassbottlesandfoodjars|Productionmix.Technologymix.EU-28+EFTA|1kgofformedandfinishedcontainerglass{EU-27}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Use,Packagingend-of-life)
Coppercathode|productionmix|atplant|perkg{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesUse)
Dieselmixatrefinery|fromcrudeoil|productionmix,atrefinery|10ppmsulphur,7.23wt.%biocomponents{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Distribution,Use,Packagingend-of-life)
Containerglass,virgin|Virgincontainerglass(allsizes)tobeusedforglassbottlesandfoodjars|Productionmix.Technologymix.EU-28+EFTA|1kgofformedandfinishedcontainerglass{EU-28+EFTA}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Use,Packagingend-of-life)
Resourceuse,fossils
Dieselmixatrefinery|fromcrudeoil|productionmix,atrefinery|10ppmsulphur,7.23wt.%biocomponents{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Distribution,Use,Packagingend-of-life)
Electricitygridmix1kV-60kV|AC,technologymix|consumptionmix,atconsumer|1kV-60kV{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesManufacturing,Distribution,Use)
HDPEgranulates|Polymerisationofethylene|productionmix,atplant|0.91-0.96g/cm3,28g/molperrepeatingunit{EU-28+EFTA}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials)
Thermalenergyfromnaturalgas|technologymixregardingfiringandfluegascleaning|productionmix,atheatplant|MJ,100%efficiency{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesManufacturing,Use)
Ringpullcap,aluminium|metalproduction,capmanufacturing|productionmix,atplant|aluminiumwithplasticinnerliner{EU-28+EFTA}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials)
Containerglass,ER,RecycledContent100%(providedbyFEVE)-Aggregated|Recycledcontainerglass(allsizes)tobeusedforglassbottlesandfoodjars|Productionmix.Technologymix.EU-28+EFTA|1kgofformedandfinishedcontainerglass{EU-27}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Use,Packagingend-of-life)
Containerglass,virgin|Virgincontainerglass(allsizes)tobeusedforglassbottlesandfoodjars|Productionmix.Technologymix.EU-28+EFTA|1kgofformedandfinishedcontainerglass{EU-28+EFTA}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Use,Packagingend-of-life)
Coppercathode|productionmix|atplant|perkg{EU-28+3}[LCIresult]
30
Resourceuse,mineralandmetals
(fromlifecyclestagesUse)
Aluminiumingot(coppermainsolute)|primaryproduction,aluminiumcastingandalloying|singleroute,atplant|2.7g/cm3{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesUse)Steelelectrogalvanizedcoil|steelsheetelectrogalvanization|singleroute,atplant|1.5mmsheetthickness,0.02mmzincthickness{EU-28+EFTA}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesUse)Steelcoldrolledcoil|blastfurnaceroute|singleroute,atplant|carbonsteel{EU-28+EFTA}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesUse,Packagingend-of-life)
Resourceuse,mineralandmetals(WITHOUTTHEUSESTAGE)
Steelcoldrolledcoil|blastfurnaceroute|singleroute,atplant|carbonsteel{EU-28+EFTA}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingend-of-life)Sodaproduction|technologymix|productionmix,atplant|100%activesubstance{RER}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesManufacturing)Containerglass,ER,RecycledContent100%(providedbyFEVE)-Aggregated|Recycledcontainerglass(allsizes)tobeusedforglassbottlesandfoodjars|Productionmix.Technologymix.EU-28+EFTA|1kgofformedandfinishedcontainerglass{EU-27}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Packagingend-of-life)Containerglass,virgin|Virgincontainerglass(allsizes)tobeusedforglassbottlesandfoodjars|Productionmix.Technologymix.EU-28+EFTA|1kgofformedandfinishedcontainerglass{EU-28+EFTA}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Packagingend-of-life)
4.3 Sub-category“attheoffice”Themostrelevantimpactcategoriesforthesub-category“attheoffice”inscopeofthisPEFCRarethefollowing:
• Climatechange,• Resourceuse,fossils,• Acidification,• Particulatematter.
Themostrelevantlifecyclestagesforthesub-category“attheoffice”inscopeofthisPEFCRarethefollowing:
● Packagingmaterials,● Manufacturing,● Distribution,● Use.
Table10Listofthemostrelevantprocessesforthesub-category“attheoffice”Impactcategory ProcessesClimatechange Electricitygridmix1kV-60kV|AC,technologymix|consumptionmix,atconsumer|1kV-60kV
{EU-28+3}[LCIresult]
31
(fromlifecyclestagesManufacturing,Distribution,Use)
PPgranulates|polymerisationofpropene|productionmix,atplant|0.91g/cm3,42.08g/molperrepeatingunit{EU-28+EFTA}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Use)
Thermalenergyfromnaturalgas|technologymixregardingfiringandfluegascleaning|productionmix,atheatplant|MJ,100%efficiency{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesManufacturing,Distribution)
Articulatedlorrytransport,Euro4,Totalweight>32t|dieseldriven,Euro4,cargo|consumptionmix,toconsumer|morethan32tgrossweight/24,7tpayloadcapacity{EU-28+3}[Unitprocess,singleoperation](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Distribution,Packagingend-of-life)
Injectionmoulding|plasticinjectionmoulding|productionmix,atplant|forPP,HDPEandPE{EU-28+EFTA}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Use)
Articulatedlorrytransport,Euro4,Totalweight7,5-12t|dieseldriven,Euro4,cargo|consumptionmix,toconsumer|7,5t-12tgrossweight/5tpayloadcapacity{EU-28+3}[Unitprocess,singleoperation](fromlifecyclestagesDistribution)
Climatechange(WITHOUTTHEUSESTAGE)
Thermalenergyfromnaturalgas|technologymixregardingfiringandfluegascleaning|productionmix,atheatplant|MJ,100%efficiency{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesManufacturing,Distribution)Electricitygridmix1kV-60kV|AC,technologymix|consumptionmix,atconsumer|1kV-60kV{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesManufacturing,Distribution,Use)
Articulatedlorrytransport,Euro4,Totalweight>32t|dieseldriven,Euro4,cargo|consumptionmix,toconsumer|morethan32tgrossweight/24,7tpayloadcapacity{EU-28+3}[Unitprocess,singleoperation](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Distribution,Packagingend-of-life)
Articulatedlorrytransport,Euro4,Totalweight7,5-12t|dieseldriven,Euro4,cargo|consumptionmix,toconsumer|7,5t-12tgrossweight/5tpayloadcapacity{EU-28+3}[Unitprocess,singleoperation](fromlifecyclestagesDistribution)
Dieselmixatrefinery|fromcrudeoil|productionmix,atrefinery|10ppmsulphur,7.23wt.%biocomponents{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Distribution,Packagingend-of-life)
Particulatematter
Electricitygridmix1kV-60kV|AC,technologymix|consumptionmix,atconsumer|1kV-60kV{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesManufacturing,Distribution,Use)
PPgranulates|polymerisationofpropene|productionmix,atplant|0.91g/cm3,42.08g/molperrepeatingunit{EU-28+EFTA}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Use)
Articulatedlorrytransport,Euro4,Totalweight>32t|dieseldriven,Euro4,cargo|consumptionmix,toconsumer|morethan32tgrossweight/24,7tpayloadcapacity{EU-28+3}[Unitprocess,singleoperation](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Distribution,Packagingend-of-life)
Injectionmoulding|plasticinjectionmoulding|productionmix,atplant|forPP,HDPEandPE{EU-28+EFTA}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Use)
32
WasteincinerationofPP|waste-to-energyplantwithdryfluegastreatment,includingtransportandpre-treatment|productionmix,atconsumer|polypropylenewaste{EU-28+EFTA}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingend-of-life)
Dieselmixatrefinery|fromcrudeoil|productionmix,atrefinery|10ppmsulphur,7.23wt.%biocomponents{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Distribution,Packagingend-of-life)
Particulatematter(WITHOUTTHEUSESTAGE)
Electricitygridmix1kV-60kV|AC,technologymix|consumptionmix,atconsumer|1kV-60kV{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesManufacturing,Distribution,Use)Articulatedlorrytransport,Euro4,Totalweight>32t|dieseldriven,Euro4,cargo|consumptionmix,toconsumer|morethan32tgrossweight/24,7tpayloadcapacity{EU-28+3}[Unitprocess,singleoperation](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Distribution,Packagingend-of-life)
Dieselmixatrefinery|fromcrudeoil|productionmix,atrefinery|10ppmsulphur,7.23wt.%biocomponents{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Distribution,Packagingend-of-life)
Articulatedlorrytransport,Euro4,Totalweight7,5-12t|dieseldriven,Euro4,cargo|consumptionmix,toconsumer|7,5t-12tgrossweight/5tpayloadcapacity{EU-28+3}[Unitprocess,singleoperation](fromlifecyclestagesDistribution)
Thermalenergyfromnaturalgas|technologymixregardingfiringandfluegascleaning|productionmix,atheatplant|MJ,100%efficiency{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesManufacturing,Distribution)
Sodaproduction|technologymix|productionmix,atplant|100%activesubstance{RER}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesManufacturing)
Acidification Electricitygridmix1kV-60kV|AC,technologymix|consumptionmix,atconsumer|1kV-60kV{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesManufacturing,Distribution,Use)Articulatedlorrytransport,Euro4,Totalweight>32t|dieseldriven,Euro4,cargo|consumptionmix,toconsumer|morethan32tgrossweight/24,7tpayloadcapacity{EU-28+3}[Unitprocess,singleoperation](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Distribution,Packagingend-of-life)PPgranulates|polymerisationofpropene|productionmix,atplant|0.91g/cm3,42.08g/molperrepeatingunit{EU-28+EFTA}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Use)Articulatedlorrytransport,Euro4,Totalweight7,5-12t|dieseldriven,Euro4,cargo|consumptionmix,toconsumer|7,5t-12tgrossweight/5tpayloadcapacity{EU-28+3}[Unitprocess,singleoperation](fromlifecyclestagesDistribution)Injectionmoulding|plasticinjectionmoulding|productionmix,atplant|forPP,HDPEandPE{EU-28+EFTA}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Use)
Resourceuse,fossils
Electricitygridmix1kV-60kV|AC,technologymix|consumptionmix,atconsumer|1kV-60kV{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesManufacturing,Distribution,Use)
33
PPgranulates|polymerisationofpropene|productionmix,atplant|0.91g/cm3,42.08g/molperrepeatingunit{EU-28+EFTA}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Use)Thermalenergyfromnaturalgas|technologymixregardingfiringandfluegascleaning|productionmix,atheatplant|MJ,100%efficiency{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesManufacturing,Distribution)Dieselmixatrefinery|fromcrudeoil|productionmix,atrefinery|10ppmsulphur,7.23wt.%biocomponents{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Distribution,Packagingend-of-life)
Resourceuse,fossils(WITHOUTTHEUSESTAGE)
Thermalenergyfromnaturalgas|technologymixregardingfiringandfluegascleaning|productionmix,atheatplant|MJ,100%efficiency{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesManufacturing,Distribution)Dieselmixatrefinery|fromcrudeoil|productionmix,atrefinery|10ppmsulphur,7.23wt.%biocomponents{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Distribution,Packagingend-of-life)Electricitygridmix1kV-60kV|AC,technologymix|consumptionmix,atconsumer|1kV-60kV{EU-28+3}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesManufacturing,Distribution,Use)LDPEgranulates|Polymerisationofethylene|productionmix,atplant|0.91-0.96g/cm3,28g/molperrepeatingunit{EU-28+EFTA}[LCIresult](fromlifecyclestagesPackagingmaterials,Packagingend-of-life)
5 LifecycleinventoryAllnewlycreatedprocessesshallbeEF-compliant.
Samplingisnotallowed.
5.1 Listofmandatorycompany-specificdataThissectiondescribesindetailtherequirementsregardingthecollectionofcompany-specificdata.Mostofcompany-specificdataarerelatedtothedescriptionofthepackedwaterproduct(i.e.,mainlywaterandpackagingspecificities)andtothetransportprocesses.Inaddition,insomecases,someuseandpackagingend-of-lifespecificitiesareknownbythecompanies.
34
5.1.1 Lifecyclestage:packagingmaterials
Thissectiondescribesindetailtherequirementsregardingthecollectionofcompany-specificdataforthelifecyclestage“packagingmaterials”.Themandatorycompany-specificdatatobecollectedanddefaultdatasetstobeused(whenrelevant)arelistedinthetablesbelowforprimarypackaging,secondarypackaging,tertiarypackagingandPackagingtransporttowaterfactoryrespectively.Primarypackagingproduction
Requirementsfordatacollectionpurposes Requirementsformodellingpurposes Remarks
Activity data tobecollected
Specificrequirements (e.g.frequency,measurementstandard,etc)
Unit ofmeasure
Defaultdatasettobeused Datasetsource(i.e.node)
UUID TiR TeR GR P DQR
Primarybody
Typeofmaterial Composition ofpackaging
- ForvirginPET:PETgranulates,bottlegrade| via purified terephthalic acid(PTA)andethyleneglycol|productionmix, at plant| 192.17 g/mol perrepeating unit {EU-28+EFTA} [LCIresult]
http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
61042919-2439-45d0-ba10-66e221167a24 1 1 2 2 1
For recycled PET: Polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) granulatesecondary nometal fraction | frompost-consumer plastic waste, viagrinding, metal separation, washing,pelletization | single route, atconsumer | plastic waste withoutmetal fraction {EU-28} [Partlyterminatedsystem]
n/a 60dd82e4-46d0-4735-a8ad-94e708a2b92a n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
Not EF-compliant(data gapprovidedbytheEC)
For virgin Glass: Container glass,virgin;Virgincontainerglass(allsizes)tobeusedforglassbottlesandfood
http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/No
5ccf94ab-173c- 2 2 2 2 2
35
Requirementsfordatacollectionpurposes Requirementsformodellingpurposes Remarks
Activity data tobecollected
Specificrequirements (e.g.frequency,measurementstandard,etc)
Unit ofmeasure
Defaultdatasettobeused Datasetsource(i.e.node)
UUID TiR TeR GR P DQR
jars;Productionmix.Technologymix.EU-28+EFTA
de/ 4688-bcc8-d434166be45e
For recycled Glass: Container glass,ER,RecycledContent100%(providedby FEVE) - Aggregated ; Recycledcontainer glass (all sizes) to be usedfor glass bottles and food jars ;Productionmix.Technologymix.EU-28+EFTA
http://soda.rdc.yp5.be/showProcess.xhtml?uuid=ab4e945f-9955-4414-b3fb-d42507cc4e2d&stock=FEVE_EF_comp
ab4e945f-9955-4414-b3fb-d42507cc4e2d
2
2
2
2
Forvirginpoly-carbonate:Polycarbonate (PC) granulate ;Technology mix, dipenyl carbonateroute and phosgene route ;productionmix,atplant
http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
e7202044-f727-4aa7-bfc4-a8cfd1ed5812 1 1 2 2 1
36
Requirementsfordatacollectionpurposes Requirementsformodellingpurposes Remarks
Activity data tobecollected
Specificrequirements (e.g.frequency,measurementstandard,etc)
Unit ofmeasure
Defaultdatasettobeused Datasetsource(i.e.node)
UUID TiR TeR GR P DQR
For secondary polycarbonate:Recycling of polypropylene (PP)plastic | from post-consumerwaste,viawashing,granulation,pelletization| production mix, at plant | 90%recyclingrate{US}[Partlyterminatedsystem]
n/a 47a967ec-a648-4ede-afb6-23a2289baef9 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Not EF-compliant(data gapprovidedbytheEC)
Forotherpackagingmaterials http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
Recycledcontent(R1)
Measurement % Notapplicable n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Mass ofpackaging
Measurement kg/product Notapplicable n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Volume Volume indicatedonthepackaging
ml/product Notapplicable n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Number ofrotations
Seesection6.1 Rotations/product
Notapplicable n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Primarybodyplasticformingprocesses–Injectionmoulding15(Whenrunbythecompany)
15Regardingplasticformingprocesses,todifferentiatetheenergyandwaterconsumptionforplasticpackagingformingprocessesandtheenergyandwaterconsumptionforothermanufacturingprocesses,itcanbeassumedthatelectricityandnaturalgasconsumptionarethesameasforthescreeningstudyformanufacturingprocesses(i.e.,waterwithdrawal(notincludingpackedwater)=0.63l/l;electricityconsumption=0.01kWh/l;naturalgasconsumption=0.013MJ/l),andtheleftoverenergyconsumptionofthewaterfactorycanbeallocatedtoplasticpackagingformingprocesses.
37
Requirementsfordatacollectionpurposes Requirementsformodellingpurposes Remarks
Activity data tobecollected
Specificrequirements (e.g.frequency,measurementstandard,etc)
Unit ofmeasure
Defaultdatasettobeused Datasetsource(i.e.node)
UUID TiR TeR GR P DQR
Electricity Measurement kWh/ kg ofinjectedplastic
Seesection5.9 http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Dependson themanufacturing plantlocation
Natural gas Measurement MJ/ kg ofinjectedplastic
Thermal energy from natural gas|technology mix regarding firing andfluegascleaning|productionmix,atheatplant|MJ,100%efficiency {EU-28+3}[LCIresult]
http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
2c25b96c-81e8-455a-b305-31d657b23579 1 1 1 2 1
Waterforcooling Measurement l/ kg ofinjectedplastic
Tapwater technologymix atuserperkgwater
https://lcdn.quantis-software.com/PEF/
be64f962-1daf-4dec-89e6-c4dcad15c4df 2 2 2 2 2
Primarybodyplasticformingprocesses–StretchblowmouldingErreur!Lesignetn’estpasdéfini.,15(Whenrunbythecompany)
Electricity Measurement kWh/ kg of Seesection5.9 http://lcd n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Depends
38
Requirementsfordatacollectionpurposes Requirementsformodellingpurposes Remarks
Activity data tobecollected
Specificrequirements (e.g.frequency,measurementstandard,etc)
Unit ofmeasure
Defaultdatasettobeused Datasetsource(i.e.node)
UUID TiR TeR GR P DQR
injectedplastic
n.thinkstep.com/Node/
on themanufacturing plantlocation
Waterforcooling Measurement l/ kg ofinjectedplastic
Tapwater technologymix atuserperkgwater
https://lcdn.quantis-software.com/PEF/
be64f962-1daf-4dec-89e6-c4dcad15c4df 2 2 2 2 2
Primarybodyplasticformingprocesses(Whennotrunbythecompany)
Injectionmoulding
n/a kg ofinjectedplastic
Injection moulding plastic injectionmoulding production mix, at plantforPP,HDPEandPE
http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
aaa28831-39f1-42e3-bd83-a06889d54f35 2 3 3 2 2
pipes extrusion(for HOD, pipesextrusion usedrather thaninjection
n/a kg ofextrudedplastic
Pipes extrusion; pipe production byplasticextrusion ;productionmix,atplant
http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
6b8ab474-e7c1-49ca-a61f-
2 2 2 2 2
39
Requirementsfordatacollectionpurposes Requirementsformodellingpurposes Remarks
Activity data tobecollected
Specificrequirements (e.g.frequency,measurementstandard,etc)
Unit ofmeasure
Defaultdatasettobeused Datasetsource(i.e.node)
UUID TiR TeR GR P DQR
moulding,followed bystretch blowmoulding))
00e511ee9c14
Stretch blowmoulding
n/a kg ofstretchedplastic
Stretchblowmoulding stretchblowmoulding production mix, at plant3%loss,5MJelectricityconsumption
http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
6d55b9c3-ac73-424a-8a68-b76cf0e162d3 2 2 3 2 2
Cap
Weight and typeofcap
Measurement g Screw cap, aluminium metalproduction, cap manufacturingproductionmix, at plant aluminiumwithplasticinnerliner
http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
d33b520d-caa9-454a-bf9f-fa06d9bb99ca 2 2 2 2 2
Typeofcapdependsonthe type ofpackaging
Ring pull cap, aluminium metalproduction, cap manufacturingproductionmix, at plant aluminiumwithplasticinnerliner
http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
78ec7b2d-d90a-4bda-b9b6- 2 2 2 2 2
40
Requirementsfordatacollectionpurposes Requirementsformodellingpurposes Remarks
Activity data tobecollected
Specificrequirements (e.g.frequency,measurementstandard,etc)
Unit ofmeasure
Defaultdatasettobeused Datasetsource(i.e.node)
UUID TiR TeR GR P DQR
1448cda302cf
Screw cap, HDPE raw materialproduction,plasticinjectionmouldingproductionmix, at plant 0.91- 0.96g/cm3,28g/molperrepeatingunit
http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
fa433faf-53fe-4fd1-a6c7-40ded5eee307 2 2 2 2 2
Screw cap, PP raw materialproduction,plasticinjectionmouldingproductionmix,atplant0.91g/cm3,42.08g/molperrepeatingunit
http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
05a26a08-1ab5-4523-b25f-41b9be0ffc76 2 2 2 2 2
Othermaterial http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
n/a
n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Label
41
Requirementsfordatacollectionpurposes Requirementsformodellingpurposes Remarks
Activity data tobecollected
Specificrequirements (e.g.frequency,measurementstandard,etc)
Unit ofmeasure
Defaultdatasettobeused Datasetsource(i.e.node)
UUID TiR TeR GR P DQR
Surface (orweight)andtypeofcap
Measurement (orsupplierindications)
m2 Label, OPP PP extrusion andstretching, label productionproduction mix, at plant thickness:100µm,grammage:0,0915kg/m2
http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
fd07cf58-bb02-49c7-9935-ae0100c379b3 2 2 2 2 2
Type oflabeldependsonthe type ofpackagingWeight oflabel canbeconvertedinto m2 byusing thedensity ofeachdefaultdataset
m2 Label,PPPolymerisationofpropene,label production by extrusionproductionmix,atplant0.91g/cm3,42.08g/molperrepeatingunit
http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
46d6da37-bee1-44f8-bd28-f615d827c41c 2 2 2 2 2
m2 Label, plastic Polymerisation ofethylene, label production byextrusion production mix, at plantthickness:100µm,grammage:0.0943kg/m2
http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
3087a31b-a9f1-4fad-ad9b-2d7b88111f60 2 2 2 2 2
m2 Label, paper Kraft pulping process,label production productionmix, atplant thickness: 77 µm, grammage:90g/m2
http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
7db01ade-8476-4c20-9c0b- 2 2 2 2 2
42
Requirementsfordatacollectionpurposes Requirementsformodellingpurposes Remarks
Activity data tobecollected
Specificrequirements (e.g.frequency,measurementstandard,etc)
Unit ofmeasure
Defaultdatasettobeused Datasetsource(i.e.node)
UUID TiR TeR GR P DQR
7faff30d9f9f
Secondarypackagingproduction
Requirementsfordatacollectionpurposes Requirementsformodellingpurposes Remarks
Activity data tobecollected
Specificrequirements (e.g.frequency,measurementstandard,etc)
Unit ofmeasure
Defaultdatasettobeused Datasetsource(i.e.node)
UUID TiR TeR GR P DQR
Secondarypackaging(plasticfilm)
Surface (orweight)ofplasticfilm
Measurement m2 Plastic Film, PE raw materialproduction, plastic extrusionproductionmix,atplant grammage:0.0943kg/m2
http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
cc8ee5f1-84b3-4e04-bae3-6a531aafb606
1 1 2 2 1
Weight ofplastic filmcan beconvertedinto m2 byusing thedensity ofthe defaultdataset
Capacity(number ofprimary
Measurement/palletization
Number ofprimarypack/secondary
Notapplicable n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Tocalculatethe
43
Requirementsfordatacollectionpurposes Requirementsformodellingpurposes Remarks
Activity data tobecollected
Specificrequirements (e.g.frequency,measurementstandard,etc)
Unit ofmeasure
Defaultdatasettobeused Datasetsource(i.e.node)
UUID TiR TeR GR P DQR
packaging persecondarypackaging)
pack amount ofpackagingperFU
Secondarypackaging(crate)
Weight and typeof material ofcrate
Measurement kg Virgin HDPE: HDPE granulates|Polymerisation of ethylene|productionmix, at plant| 0.91- 0.96g/cm3, 28 g/mol per repeating unit{EU-28+EFTA}[LCIresult]
http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
a3aefe5b-33c9-4f0c-87ec-d0291445cc61 1 1 1 2 1
For secondary HDPE: Recycling ofpolypropylene (PP) plastic | frompost-consumer waste, via washing,granulation, pelletization |production mix, at plant | 90%recyclingrate{US}[Partlyterminatedsystem]
n/a 47a967ec-a648-4ede-afb6-23a2289baef9 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Not EF-compliant(data gapprovidedbytheEC)
Recycledcontent(R1)
Supplierspecifications
% Notapplicable n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Capacity(number ofprimarypackaging per
Measurement/palletization
Number ofprimarypack/secondary
Notapplicable n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Tocalculatetheamount of
44
Requirementsfordatacollectionpurposes Requirementsformodellingpurposes Remarks
Activity data tobecollected
Specificrequirements (e.g.frequency,measurementstandard,etc)
Unit ofmeasure
Defaultdatasettobeused Datasetsource(i.e.node)
UUID TiR TeR GR P DQR
secondarypackaging)
pack packagingperFU
Number ofrotations
Seesection6.1 Rotations/product
Notapplicable n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Tocalculatetheamount ofpackagingperFU
45
TertiarypackagingproductionRequirementsfordatacollectionpurposes Requirementsformodellingpurposes Remarks
Activity data tobecollected
Specificrequirements (e.g.frequency,measurementstandard,etc)
Unit ofmeasure
Defaultdatasettobeused Datasetsource(i.e.node)
UUID TiR TeR GR P DQR
Tertiarypackaging(plasticshrink,wrap)
Surface (orweight)ofplasticshrink
Measurement m2 Plastic shrink, wrap raw materialproduction, plastic extrusionproduction mix, at plant thickness:120µm,grammage:0,11016kg/m2
http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
017de0d2-c8f8-4208-b1b5-357a815f2dd8
2 2 2 2 2
Weight ofplasticshrink canbeconvertedintom2byusing thedensity ofthedefaultdataset
Recycledcontent(R1)
Measurement % Notapplicable n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Capacity(number ofprimarypackaging persecondarypackaging)
Measurement(palletization
Number ofprimarypack/tertiarypack
Notapplicable n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Tocalculatetheamount ofpackagingperFU
Tertiarypackaging(Slipsheet/tray)
Weight and typeofmaterial
Measurement kg Solid board Kraft Pulping Process,pulppressinganddryingproductionmix,atplant>220g/m2
http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/No
7ce6b8c1-3542- 2 2 1 2 2
46
Requirementsfordatacollectionpurposes Requirementsformodellingpurposes Remarks
Activity data tobecollected
Specificrequirements (e.g.frequency,measurementstandard,etc)
Unit ofmeasure
Defaultdatasettobeused Datasetsource(i.e.node)
UUID TiR TeR GR P DQR
de/ 4dcd-a038-978cdaee063e
Recycledcontent(R1)
Supplierspecifications
% Notapplicable n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Capacity(number ofprimarypackaging persecondarypackaging)
Measurement/Palletization
Number ofprimarypack/tertiarypack
Notapplicable n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Tocalculatetheamount ofpackagingperFU
Tertiarypackaging(Rack)
Weight and typeofmaterial
Measurement orsupplierspecifications
kg PP granulates| polymerisation ofpropene| production mix, at plant|0.91 g/cm3, 42.08 g/mol perrepeating unit {EU-28+EFTA} [LCIresult]
http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
eb6c15a5-abcd-4d1a-ab7f-fb1cc364a130 1 1 1 2 1
Recycledcontent(R1)
Supplierspecifications
% Notapplicable n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
47
Requirementsfordatacollectionpurposes Requirementsformodellingpurposes Remarks
Activity data tobecollected
Specificrequirements (e.g.frequency,measurementstandard,etc)
Unit ofmeasure
Defaultdatasettobeused Datasetsource(i.e.node)
UUID TiR TeR GR P DQR
Capacity(number ofprimarypackaging persecondarypackaging)
Measurement/Palletization
Number ofprimarypack/tertiarypack
Notapplicable n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Tocalculatetheamount ofpackagingperFU
Number ofrotations
Seesection6.1 Rotations/product
Notapplicable n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Tocalculatetheamount ofpackagingperFU
Tertiarypackaging(pallet)
Typeofmaterial Supplierspecifications
n/a Wood pallet: Pallet, wood (80x120)sawing,piling,nailingsingleroute,atplant 25 kg/piece, nominal loadingcapacityof1000kg
http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
3203d6d8-2760-4b7b-b1c6-f82681e9e2f3
2 2 2 2 2
Defaultweight: 25kg/piece(to beused tocalculateamount/weight ofpallet perFU)Defaultrotationrate:25
n/a Plasticpallet:Pallet,plastic (80x120) rawmaterial
http://lcdn.thinkste
9ccf3c17- 2 2 2 2 2
Defaultweight: 25
48
Requirementsfordatacollectionpurposes Requirementsformodellingpurposes Remarks
Activity data tobecollected
Specificrequirements (e.g.frequency,measurementstandard,etc)
Unit ofmeasure
Defaultdatasettobeused Datasetsource(i.e.node)
UUID TiR TeR GR P DQR
production,plasticinjectionmouldingproductionmix, atplant weightperpiece:25kg,nominalloadingcapacityof1000kg
p.com/Node/
b378-441a-b5b8-238ce225be4b
kg/piece(to beused tocalculateamount/weight ofpallet perFU)Defaultrotationrate:50
Capacity(number ofprimarypackaging pertertiarypackaging)
Measurement Number ofprimarypack/tertiarypack
Notapplicable n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Tocalculatetheamount ofpackagingperFU
Packagingtransporttowaterfactory
Requirementsfordatacollectionpurposes Requirementsformodellingpurposes Remarks
Activity data tobecollected
Specificrequirements (e.g.frequency,measurementstandard,etc)
Unit ofmeasure
Defaultdatasettobeused Datasetsource(i.e.node)
UUID TiR TeR GR P DQR
Transport to Measurement tonne.km Articulated lorry transport, Euro 4,Total weight >32 t | diesel driven,
http://lcdn.thinkste
938d5ba6- 1 1 1 2 1
Depends
49
Requirementsfordatacollectionpurposes Requirementsformodellingpurposes Remarks
Activity data tobecollected
Specificrequirements (e.g.frequency,measurementstandard,etc)
Unit ofmeasure
Defaultdatasettobeused Datasetsource(i.e.node)
UUID TiR TeR GR P DQR
waterfactory Euro 4, cargo| consumption mix, toconsumer| more than 32t grossweight / 24,7tpayload capacity {EU-28+3}Or most appropriate datasetdependingonthemodeoftransport
p.com/Node/
17e4-4f0d-bef0-481608681f57
on themode oftransport
5.1.2 Lifecyclestage:manufacturing
Thissectiondescribesindetailtherequirementsregardingthecollectionofcompany-specificdataforthelifecyclestage“manufacturing”.Thedatatobecollectedanddefaultdata(whenrelevant)arelistedinthetablebelow.Waterextraction,containerfillingandgrouping
Requirementsfordatacollectionpurposes Requirementsformodellingpurposes Remarks
Activity data tobecollected
Specificrequirements (e.g.frequency,measurementstandard,etc)
Unit ofmeasure
Defaultelementaryflowtobeused Elementary flowsource(i.e.node)
UUID TiR TeR GR P DQR
Packedwater Yearlymeasurement
l/l packedwater
Water,resourcefromwater.The elementary flow has to beadaptedaccording to the locationofwaterextraction.
Theelementaryflowsareavailablein all the
Depends ontheregionalisatio
n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Waterelementary flow isregionaliz
50
nodes n oftheelementaryflow
ed, andthereforedependson themanufacturingplantlocation
Net waterconsumption(total waterconsumption -returnwater)notincluding packedwater
Yearlymeasurement
l/l packedwater
Water,resourcefromwater.The elementary flow has to beadaptedaccording to the locationofwaterextraction.
Theelementaryflowsareavailablein all thenodes
Depends ontheregionalisation oftheelementaryflow
n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Waterelementary flow isregionalized, andthereforedependson themanufacturingplantlocation
51
GasproductionforcarbonatedprocessRequirementsfordatacollectionpurposes Requirementsformodellingpurposes Remarks
Activity data tobecollected
Specificrequirements (e.g.frequency,measurementstandard,etc)
Unit ofmeasure
Default dataset/elementary flow tobeused
Dataset/elementaryflowsource(i.e.node)
UUID TiR TeR GR P DQR
Gas forcarbonatedwaterproduction:amount of gasused per liter ofcarbonatedwater (includinglosses duringbottling andfillingprocess)
Yearlymeasurement
g/lcarbonatedpackedwater
Carbon dioxide, gaseous, forcarbonated water| CO2 from lightfuel oil, ASCO process for beverageindustry, 1000 kg CO2 per hourcapacity|marketmix|16(SeeAppendix3forlistofinputsandoutputsrelatedtothisdataset)
n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Dependson theprocessused forproducingCO2
Gaslossesduringbottling andfillingprocess
g/lcarbonatedwater
Elementary flow: carbon dioxide(fossil),toair,unspecified
Theelementaryflowsareavailablein all thenodes
08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-923d-0050c2490048
n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Elementaryflow
16Note:DependsonthetypeofprocessusedtoproducethegasusedincarbonatedwaterItcanalsobe:
• AmountofwaterofhigherCO2concentrationaddedtoadjusttheamountofgasperliter(thentheelementaryflowtobeusedwouldbe“water,resourcefromwater”,tobeadaptedaccordingtotheregionalizationofwaterextraction
• CO2isanoutputorco-productofanotherindustrialprocess• Thewaterisnaturallycarbonated,withthereforenoimpactforgasproduction(andnodatasetorelementaryflowtobeused)
52
Containerwashingoperations
17Oftheactivitydataareexpressedperliterofcontainerwashed,theyshouldbeconvertedperliterofpackedwatertomatchthefunctionalunit.
Requirementsfordatacollectionpurposes Requirementsformodellingpurposes Remarks
Activity data tobecollected
Specificrequirements (e.g.frequency,measurementstandard,etc)
Unit ofmeasure
Defaultdatasettobeused Datasetsource(i.e.node)
UUID TiR TeR GR P DQR
Fraction ofcontainerwashed afterused
Calculated basedonsection6.1
% Notapplicable n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Waterused Yearlymeasurement
l/containerwashed or l/lpackedwater17
Tapwater|technologymix|atuser|perkgwater
https://lcdn.quantis-software.com/PEF/
212b8494-a769-4c2e-8d82-9a6ef61baad7 2 2 2 2 2
Electricityconsumption
Yearlymeasurement
kWh/container washed orkWh/l packedwater17
Country-specificresidualgridmixSee section 5.9 for electricitymodellingrules
http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Dependson themanufacturingplantlocation
Natural gasconsumption
Yearlymeasurement
MJ/containerwashed orMJ/l packedwater
Thermal energy from natural gas|technology mix regarding firing andfluegascleaning|productionmix,atheatplant|MJ,100%efficiency{EU-
http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
81675341-f1af-44b0- 1 1 1 2 1
53
5.1.3 Lifecyclestage:distribution
Thissectiondescribesindetailtherequirementsregardingthecollectionofcompany-specificdataforthelifecyclestage“distribution”.Thedatatobecollectedanddefaultdata(whenrelevant)arelistedinthetablesbelowfortransportfromwaterfactorytodistributioncenter,transportfromdistributioncentertopointofsale,andstorageinwarehousesandatretailerrespectively.
28+3} 81d3-d108caef5c28
Soda(NaOH) Yearlymeasurement
g/containerwashedor g/lpackedwater
Soda production| technology mix|productionmix,atplant|100%activesubstance
http://ecoinvent.lca-data.com/
546d4097-a453-4706-ac17-389325a04b6f 2 2 1 2 2
Hydrochloloricacid(HCl)
Yearlymeasurement
g/containerwashedorg/l
Hydrochloric acid productiontechnologymix productionmix, atplant100%activesubstance
http://ecoinvent.lca-data.com/
d5953cab-21fd-44ea-ab3a-17a44ed3c260 2 1 1 2 2
54
TransportfromwaterfactorytodistributioncenterRequirementsfordatacollectionpurposes Requirementsformodellingpurposes Remarks
Activity data tobecollected
Specificrequirements (e.g.frequency,measurementstandard,etc)
Unit ofmeasure
Defaultdatasettobeused Datasetsource(i.e.node)
UUID TiR TeR GR P DQR
Weight ofproductandtotalpackaging
Calculation basedon total weight ofallthepackaging
kg Notapplicable n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Transportfromdistributioncentertopointofsale
Requirementsfordatacollectionpurposes Requirementsformodellingpurposes Remarks
Activity data tobecollected
Specificrequirements (e.g.frequency,measurementstandard,etc)
Unit ofmeasure
Defaultdatasettobeused Datasetsource(i.e.node)
UUID TiR TeR GR P DQR
Weight ofproductandtotalpackaging
Calculation basedon total weight ofallthepackaging
kg Notapplicable n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
55
Warehouse(storage)Requirementsfordatacollectionpurposes Requirementsformodellingpurposes Remarks
Activity data tobecollected
Specificrequirements (e.g.frequency,measurementstandard,etc)
Unit ofmeasure
Defaultdatasettobeused Datasetsource(i.e.node)
UUID TiR TeR GR P DQR
Volume of theproduct and itspackaging atwarehouse
Measurement/productspecifications
m3 No EF-compliant dataset for storageatwarehouse.Datasetsusedtomodelstorageatthewarehouses are described in section6.3
n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Retail(storage)
Requirementsfordatacollectionpurposes Requirementsformodellingpurposes Remarks
Activity data tobecollected
Specificrequirements (e.g.frequency,measurementstandard,etc)
Unit ofmeasure
Defaultdatasettobeused Datasetsource(i.e.node)
UUID TiR TeR GR P DQR
Volume of theproduct and itspackaging atwarehouse
Measurement/productspecifications
m3 No EF-compliant dataset for storageatretailer.Datasetsusedtomodelstorageattheretailersaredescribedinsection6.3
n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
56
5.1.4 Lifecyclestage:use
Thissectiondescribesindetailtherequirementsregardingthecollectionofcompany-specificdataforthelifecyclestage“use”.Thedatatobecollectedanddefaultdata(whenrelevant)arelistedinthetablesbelowforglassorplasticcupproductionandend-of-life,chillingoperations(atfinaluser),andgasemissionsofcarbonatedwaterrespectively.Glassorplasticcupproductionandend-of-life(ifany,forHODsystemonly)Seesection5.11forspecificrulesofmodellingmaterialsandwaste
Requirementsfordatacollectionpurposes Requirementsformodellingpurposes Remarks
Activity data tobecollected
Specificrequirements (e.g.frequency,measurementstandard,etc)
Unit ofmeasure
Defaultdatasettobeused Datasetsource(i.e.node)
UUID TiR TeR GR P DQR
Specific end-of-life routes ofplasticcup
% Recycling:Recyclingofpolypropylene(PP) plastic | from post-consumerwaste, via washing, granulation,pelletization | production mix, atplant|90%recyclingrate{US}[Partlyterminatedsystem]
47a967ec-a648-4ede-afb6-23a2289baef9
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
% Incineration: Waste incineration ofPP| waste-to-energy plant with dryflue gas treatment, includingtransport and pre-treatment|production mix, at consumer|polypropylene waste {EU-28+EFTA}[LCIresult]
http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
0be82a64-cbe6-43c4-98f9-69045c145aa0 2 1 1 2 1
% Landfilling: Landfill of plastic waste|landfill including leachate treatmentandwithtransportwithoutcollectionand pre-treatment| production mix(region specific sites), at landfill site
http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
f2bea0f5-e4b7-4a2c-9f34- 2 2 2 2 2
57
Requirementsfordatacollectionpurposes Requirementsformodellingpurposes Remarks
Activity data tobecollected
Specificrequirements (e.g.frequency,measurementstandard,etc)
Unit ofmeasure
Defaultdatasettobeused Datasetsource(i.e.node)
UUID TiR TeR GR P DQR
{EU-28+EFTA}[LCIresult] 4eb32495cbc6
Chillingoperations(atfinaluser)(forHODsystemonly)Requirementsfordatacollectionpurposes Requirementsformodellingpurposes Remarks
Activity data tobecollected
Specificrequirements (e.g.frequency,measurementstandard,etc)
Unit ofmeasure
Defaultdatasettobeused Datasetsource(i.e.node)
UUID TiR TeR GR P DQR
Electricityconsumption forcooling
Yearlymeasurement
kWh Country-specific consumption gridmixSee section 5.9 for electricitymodellingrules
http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Dependson theuselocation
58
GasemissionsofcarbonatedwaterRequirementsfordatacollectionpurposes Requirementsformodellingpurposes Remarks
Activity data tobecollected
Specificrequirements (e.g.frequency,measurementstandard,etc)
Unit ofmeasure
Defaultdatasettobeused Datasetsource(i.e.node)
UUID TiR TeR GR P DQR
Gaslossesduringuse stage(corresponds tothe amount ofgas included inone liter ofcarbonatedwater)
g/lcarbonatedwater
Elementary flow: carbon dioxide(fossil),toair,unspecified
Theelementaryflowsareavailablein all thenodes
08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-923d-0050c2490048
n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Elementaryflow
59
5.2 ListofprocessesexpectedtoberunbythecompanyThefollowingprocessesareexpectedtoberunbythecompanyapplyingthePEFCR:
● Formingprocessesofprimarypackaging(exceptforglassbottles)● Waterextraction,containerfillingandgrouping● Gasproductionforcarbonatedprocess● Containerwashingoperations● Transportfromwaterfactorytodistributioncenter(insomecases)
Asafirstapproach,primarydatashallbeusedforprocessesexpectedtoberunbythecompany,andthose informationarealreadyreported insection5.1.Fornon-mandatorycompany-specificdata,defaultvaluesarepresentedintablebelow.Theconcernedsub-stagesarethefollowing:
● Waterextraction,containerfillingandgrouping● Transportfromwaterfactorytodistributioncenter(insomecases)
60
Lifecyclesub-stage:Waterextraction,containerfillingandgroupingDatacollectionrequirementsforwaterextraction,containerfillingandgrouping:
Requirementsfordatacollectionpurposes
Requirementsformodellingpurposes Remarks
Activity datato becollected
Specificrequirements (e.g.frequency,measurement standard,etc)
Unit ofmeasure
Defaultdata
Defaultdatasource
Defaultdatasettobeused
Datasetsource (i.e.node)
UUID TiR GR TeR P DQR
Electricityconsumption
Yearlyconsumption
kWh/lpackedwater
0.01 EFBW2013
Seesection5.9 http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Dependsontheuselocation
Natural gasconsumption
Yearlyconsumption
MJ/lpackedwater
0.013 EFBW2013
Thermalenergyfromnatural gas|technology mixregarding firing andflue gas cleaning|production mix, atheat plant| MJ,100%efficiency {EU-28+3}
http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
81675341-f1af-44b0-81d3-d108caef5c28
1 1 1 2 1
LPG/Propanecombustion
Yearlyconsumption
kg/lpackedwater
0.0002 EFBW2013
61
Lifecyclesub-stage:Transportfromwaterfactorytodistributioncenter(insomecases)Datacollectionrequirementsfortransportfromwaterfactorytodistributioncenter(insomecases)
Requirementsfordatacollectionpurposes
Requirementsformodellingpurposes Remarks
Activity datato becollected
Specificrequirements (e.g.frequency,measurement standard,etc)
Unit ofmeasure
Defaultdata
Defaultdatasource
Defaultdatasettobeused
Datasetsource (i.e.node)
UUID TiR GR TeR P DQR
Distance Measurement
km 500 forPETpackaging
UETR andTechnicalSecretariat
Truck,withthemostappropriate datasetdepending on themodeoftransport
http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Dependsonthemodeoftransport
km 500 forglassbottlepackaging
UETR andTechnicalSecretariat
Truck,withthemostappropriate datasetdepending on themodeoftransport
http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Dependsonthemodeoftransport
km 200 forHODpackaging
UETR andTechnicalSecretariat
Truck,withthemostappropriate datasetdepending on themodeoftransport
http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Dependsonthemodeoftransport
Empty returnratio
Measurement
(-) 0.2 forTruck40t
UETR Copy1 |Articulatedlorry transport, Euro4,Totalweight>32t
http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
938d5ba6-17e4-4f0d-bef0- 1 1 1 2 1
62
|dieseldriven,Euro4, cargo|consumptionmix, toconsumer| morethan 32t grossweight / 24,7tpayload capacity{EU-28+3}
481608681f57
63
5.3 DatagapsMandatorycompany-specificdataForthespecificcaseofwaterandenergyconsumptionforformingprocesses(whenrelevant),solutionstodefinethedataaregivenifnoprimarydataareavailableataprocesslevelbutonlyatthelevelofentirewaterfactory,inordertodifferentiatetheenergyandwaterconsumptionforplasticpackagingformingprocessesandtheenergyandwaterconsumptionforothermanufacturingprocesses.OtherdataInthisPEFCR,therecommendationsregardingdefaultdatatobeusedwhennoprimarydataareprovided.Therefore,nodatagapsareforeseen.AccordingtoEuropeanCommission(2013),“datagapsexistwhenthereisnospecificorgenericdataavailablethatissufficientlyrepresentativeofthegivenprocessintheproduct’slifecycle”.
5.4 DataqualityrequirementsThe data quality of each dataset and the total EF study shall be calculated and reported. ThecalculationoftheDQRshallbebasedonthefollowingformulawith4criteria:
!"# = &'()*()&+(),-
[Equation1]whereTeRistheTechnological-Representativeness,GRistheGeographical-Representativeness,TiRis the Time-Representativeness, and P is the Precision/uncertainty. The representativeness(technological, geographical and time-related) characterises to what degree the processes andproductsselectedaredepictingthesystemanalysed,whiletheprecisionindicatesthewaythedataisderivedandrelatedlevelofuncertainty.Thenextchaptersprovidetableswiththecriteriatobeusedforthesemi-quantitativeassessmentofeachcriterion.Ifadatasetisconstructedwithcompany-specificactivitydata,company-specificemissiondataandsecondarysub-processes,theDQRofeachshallbeassessedseparately.
5.4.1 Company-specificdatasets
ThescoreofcriterionPcannotbehigherthan3whilethescoreforTiR,TeR,andGRcannotbehigherthan2 (theDQRscore shallbe≤1.6).TheDQRshallbecalculatedat the level-1disaggregation,beforeanyaggregationofsub-processesorelementaryflowsisperformed.TheDQRofcompany-specificdatasetsshallbecalculatedasfollowing:
1)Selectthemostrelevantsub-processesanddirectelementaryflowsthataccountforatleast80%of the total environmental impact of the company-specific dataset, listing them from themostcontributingtotheleastcontributingone.2) Calculate theDQRcriteriaTeR,TiR,GRandP foreachmost relevantprocessandeachmostrelevantdirectelementaryflow.ThevaluesofeachcriterionshallbeassignedbasedonTableB.5.
2.a)Eachmostrelevantelementaryflowconsistsoftheamountandelementaryflownaming(e.g. 40 g carbon dioxide). For eachmost relevant elementary flow, evaluate the 4DQRcriterianamedTeR-EF,TiR-EF,GR-EF,PEFinNOTE:incasethenewlydevelopeddatasethasmost
64
relevantprocessesfilledinbynon-EFcompliantdatasets(andthuswithoutDQR),thenthesedatasetscannotbeincludedinstep4and5oftheDQRcalculation.(1)Theweightofstep3shall be recalculated for the EF-compliant datasets only. Calculate the environmentalcontributionofeachmost-relevantEFcompliantprocessandelementaryflowtothetotalenvironmentalimpactofallmost-relevantEFcompliantprocessesandelementaryflows,in%.Continuewithstep4and5.(2)Theweightofthenon-EFcompliantdataset(calculatedinstep3)shallbeusedtoincreasetheDQRcriteriaandtotalDQRaccordingly.Forexample:
• Process1carries30%ofthetotaldatasetenvironmentalimpactandisILCDentrylevelcompliant.Thecontributionofthisprocesstothetotalof80%is37.5%(thelatteristheweighttobeused).
• Process1carries50%ofthetotaldatasetenvironmentalimpactandisEFcompliant.Thecontributionofthisprocesstoallmost-relevantEFcompliantprocessesis100%.Thelatteristheweighttobeusedinstep4.Afterstep5,theparameters./0, 20, .30, 4andthetotalDQRshallbemultipliedwith1.375..Itshallbeevaluatedforexample,thetimingoftheflowmeasured,forwhichtechnologytheflowwasmeasuredandinwhichgeographicalarea.2.b)Eachmostrelevantprocessisacombinationofactivitydataandthesecondarydatasetused.Foreachmostrelevantprocess,theDQRiscalculatedbytheapplicantofthePEFCRasacombinationofthe4DQRcriteriaforactivitydataandthesecondarydataset:(i)TiRandPshallbeevaluatedattheleveloftheactivitydata(namedTiR-AD,PAD)and(ii)TeR,TiRandGRshallbeevaluatedatthelevelofthesecondarydatasetused(namedTeR-SD,TiR-SDandGR-SD).AsTiRisevaluatedtwice,themathematicalaverageofTiR-ADandTiR-SDrepresentstheTiRofthemostrelevantprocess.
3)Calculatetheenvironmentalcontributionofeachmost-relevantprocessandelementaryflowtothetotalenvironmentalimpactofallmost-relevantprocessesandelementaryflows,in%(weightedusing13EFimpactcategories,withtheexclusionofthe3toxicity-relatedones).Forexample,thenewlydevelopeddatasethasonlytwomostrelevantprocesses,contributingintotalto80%ofthetotalenvironmentalimpactofthedataset:
• Process1carries30%ofthetotaldatasetenvironmentalimpact.Thecontributionofthisprocesstothetotalof80%is37.5%(thelatteristheweighttobeused).
• Process1carries50%ofthetotaldatasetenvironmentalimpact.Thecontributionofthisprocesstothetotalof80%is62.5%(thelatteristheweighttobeused).
4)CalculatetheTeR,TiR,GRandPcriteriaofthenewlydevelopeddatasetastheweightedaverageof each criterion of themost relevant processes and direct elementary flows. Theweight is therelativecontribution(in%)ofeachmostrelevantprocessanddirectelementaryflowcalculatedinstep3.5)TheapplicantofthePEFCRshallthetotalDQRofthenewlydevelopeddatasetusingtheequationB.2,where./0, 20, .30, 4aretheweightedaveragecalculatedasspecifiedinpoint4).!"# = &'()*()&+(),
- [Equation2]
NOTE:incasethenewlydevelopeddatasethasmostrelevantprocessesfilledinbynon-EFcompliantdatasets(andthuswithoutDQR),thenthesedatasetscannotbeincludedinstep4and5oftheDQRcalculation.(1)Theweightofstep3shallberecalculatedfortheEF-compliantdatasetsonly.Calculatetheenvironmentalcontributionofeachmost-relevantEFcompliant
65
processandelementaryflowtothetotalenvironmentalimpactofallmost-relevantEFcompliantprocessesandelementaryflows,in%.Continuewithstep4and5.(2)Theweightofthenon-EFcompliantdataset(calculatedinstep3)shallbeusedtoincreasetheDQRcriteriaandtotalDQRaccordingly.Forexample:
• Process1carries30%ofthetotaldatasetenvironmentalimpactandisILCDentrylevelcompliant.Thecontributionofthisprocesstothetotalof80%is37.5%(thelatteristheweighttobeused).
• Process1carries50%ofthetotaldatasetenvironmentalimpactandisEFcompliant.Thecontributionofthisprocesstoallmost-relevantEFcompliantprocessesis100%.Thelatteristheweighttobeusedinstep4.
• Afterstep5,theparameters./0, 20, .30, 4andthetotalDQRshallbemultipliedwith1.375.
Table11HowtoassessthevalueoftheDQRcriteriafordatasetswithcompany-specificinformation
PEFandPAD TiR-EFandTiR-AD TiR-SD TeR-EFandTeR-SD GR-EFandGR-SD
1 Measured/calculated andexternallyverified
The data refers tothe most recentannualadministrationperiod with respectto the EF reportpublicationdate
The EF reportpublication datehappens withinthe time validityofthedataset
The elementaryflows and thesecondarydataset reflectexactly thetechnologyofthenewly developeddataset
The data(set)reflectstheexactgeographywhere theprocessmodelled in thenewly createddataset takesplace
2 Measured/calculatedandinternallyverified, plausibility checked byreviewer
The data refers tomaximum 2 annualadministrationperiodswithrespectto the EF reportpublicationdate
The EF reportpublication datehappens notlater than 2yearsbeyondthetime validity ofthedataset
The elementaryflows and thesecondarydatasetisaproxyofthetechnologyof the newlydevelopeddataset
The data(set)partly reflectsthe geographywhere theprocessmodelled in thenewly createddataset takesplace
3 Measured/calculated/literatureand plausibility not checked byreviewer OR Qualified estimatebased on calculations plausibilitycheckedbyreviewer
The data refers tomaximum threeannualadministrationperiodswithrespectto the EF reportpublicationdate
Notapplicable Notapplicable Notapplicable
4-5 Notapplicable Notapplicable Notapplicable Notapplicable Notapplicable
5.5 Dataneedsmatrix(DNM)All processes required tomodel theproductandoutside the list ofmandatory company-specific(listedinsectionB.5.1)shallbeevaluatedusingtheDataNeedsMatrix(seeTable12).TheDNMshallbe used by the PEFCR applicant to evaluatewhich data is needed and shall be usedwithin the
66
modellingofitsPEF,dependingonthelevelofinfluencetheapplicant(company)hasonthespecificprocess.ThefollowingthreecasesarefoundintheDNMandareexplainedbelow:
1. Situation1:theprocessisrunbythecompanyapplyingthePEFCR2. Situation2:theprocessisnotrunbythecompanyapplyingthePEFCRbutthecompanyhas
accessto(company-)specificinformation.3. Situation3: theprocess isnotrunbythecompanyapplyingthePEFCRandthiscompany
doesnothaveaccessto(company-)specificinformation.
67
Table12DataNeedsMatrix(DNM)18.*Disaggregateddatasetsshallbeused.
Mostrelevantprocess OtherprocessSituation1:processrun
bythe
com
panyapp
lying
thePEFCR
Option1 Providecompany-specificdata(asrequestedinthePEFCR)andcreatea
companyspecificdatasetpartiallydisaggregatedatleastatlevel1(DQR≤1.6).
CalculatetheDQRvalues(foreachcriteria+total)Option2
Use default secondary dataset in PEFCR,inaggregatedform(DQR≤3.0).UsethedefaultDQRvalues
Situation2:processnotrun
bythecompanyapp
lyingthe
PEFCRbutwithaccessto(com
pany-)specificinform
ation
Option1
Providecompany-specificdata(asrequestedinthePEFCR)andcreateacompanyspecificdatasetpartiallydisaggregatedatleastatlevel1(DQR≤1.6).
CalculatetheDQRvalues(foreachcriteria+total)
Option2
Usecompany-specificactivitydatafortransport(distance),andsubstitutethesub-processesusedforelectricitymixandtransportwithsupply-chainspecificPEFcompliantdatasets(DQR≤3.0).*Re-evaluatetheDQRcriteriawithintheproductspecificcontext
Option3
Usecompany-specificactivitydatafortransport(distance),andsubstitutethesub-processesusedforelectricitymixandtransportwithsupply-chainspecificPEFcompliantdatasets(DQR≤4.0).UsethedefaultDQRvalues
Situation3:processnotrun
bythe
com
panyapp
lying
thePEFCRand
witho
ut
accessto(com
pany)-specific
inform
ation Option1
Usedefaultsecondarydataset,inaggregatedform(DQR≤3.0).Re-evaluatetheDQRcriteriawithintheproductspecificcontext
Option2
UsedefaultsecondarydatasetinPEFCR,inaggregatedform(DQR≤4.0)
UsethedefaultDQRvalues
18TheoptionsdescribedintheDNMarenotlistedinorderofpreference
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5.5.1 Processesinsituation1
Foreachprocessinsituation1therearetwopossibleoptions:
● TheprocessisinthelistofmostrelevantprocessesasspecifiedinthePEFCRorisnotinthelistofmostrelevantprocess,butstillthecompanywantstoprovidecompanyspecificdata(option1);
● Theprocessisnotinthelistofmostrelevantprocessesandthecompanypreferstouseasecondarydataset(option2).
Situation1/Option1
ForallprocessesrunbythecompanyandwherethecompanyapplyingthePEFCRusescompanyspecificdata.TheDQRofthenewlydevelopeddatasetshallbeevaluatedasdescribedinsectionB.5.4.1.Situation1/Option2For thenon-most relevantprocessesonly, if theapplicantdecides tomodel theprocesswithoutcollectingcompany-specificdata,thentheapplicantshallusethesecondarydataset listed inthePEFCRtogetherwithitsdefaultDQRvalueslistedhere.IfthedefaultdatasettobeusedfortheprocessisnotlistedinthePEFCR,theapplicantofthePEFCRshalltaketheDQRvaluesfromthemetadataoftheoriginaldataset.
5.5.2 Processesinsituation2
WhenaprocessisnotrunbythecompanyapplyingthePEFCR,butthereisaccesstocompany-specificdata,thentherearetwopossibleoptions:
● ThecompanyapplyingthePEFCRhasaccesstoextensivesupplier-specificinformationandwantstocreateanewEF-compliantdataset19(Option1);
● The company has some supplier-specific information andwant tomake someminimumchanges(Option2).
● Theprocessisnotinthelistofmostrelevantprocessesandthecompanypreferstouseasecondarydataset(option3).
19Thereviewofthenewlycreateddatasetisoptional
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Situation2/Option1ForallprocessesrunbythecompanyandwherethecompanyapplyingthePEFCRusescompanyspecificdata.TheDQRofthenewlydevelopeddatasetshallbeevaluatedasdescribedinsection5.4.1.Situation2/Option2Company-specificactivitydatafortransportareusedandthesub-processesusedforelectricitymixandtransportwithsupply-chainspecificPEFcompliantdatasetsaresubstitutedstartingfromthedefaultsecondarydatasetprovidedinthePEFCR.Pleasenote that, thePEFCR lists all dataset names togetherwith theUUIDof their aggregateddataset.Forthissituation,thedisaggregatedversionofthedatasetisrequired.TheapplicantofthePEFCRshallmaketheDQRvaluesofthedatasetusedcontext-specificbyre-evaluatingTeRandTiR,usingthetable(s)providedbelow.ThecriteriaGRshallbeloweredby30%20andthecriteriaPshallkeeptheoriginalvalue.Situation2/Option3Forthenon-mostrelevantprocesses,theapplicantmayusethecorrespondingsecondarydatasetlistedinthePEFCRtogetherwithitsDQRvalues.IfthedefaultdatasettobeusedfortheprocessisnotlistedinthePEFCR,theapplicantofthePEFCRshalltaketheDQRvaluesfromtheoriginaldataset.Table13HowtoassessthevalueoftheDQRcriteriawhensecondarydatasetsareused.
TiR TeR GR
1 The EF report publication datehappenswithin the timevalidityofthedataset
ThetechnologyusedintheEFstudyis exactly the same as the one inscopeofthedataset
TheprocessmodelledintheEFstudytakesplaceinthecountrythedatasetisvalidfor
2 The EF report publication datehappens not later than 2 yearsbeyond the time validity of thedataset
The technologies used in the EFstudy is included in the mix oftechnologiesinscopeofthedataset
TheprocessmodelledintheEFstudytakesplacein the geographical region (e.g. Europe) thedatasetisvalidfor
3 The EF report publication datehappens not later than 4 yearsbeyond the time validity of thedataset
The technologies used in the EFstudyareonlypartlyincludedinthescopeofthedataset
TheprocessmodelledintheEFstudytakesplaceinoneofthegeographicalregionsthedatasetisvalidfor
4 The EF report publication datehappens not later than 6 yearsbeyond the time validity of thedataset
The technologies used in the EFstudyaresimilar to those includedinthescopeofthedataset
TheprocessmodelledintheEFstudytakesplacein a country that is not included in thegeographicalregion(s)thedatasetisvalidfor,butsufficient similarities are estimated based onexpertjudgement.
5 The EF report publication datehappens laterthan6yearsafterthetimevalidityofthedataset
The technologies used in the EFstudy are different from thoseincludedinthescopeofthedataset
TheprocessmodelledintheEFstudytakesplaceinadifferentcountrythantheonethedatasetisvalidfor
20Insituation2,option2itisproposedtolowertheparameterGRby30%inordertoincentivizetheuseofcompanyspecific information and reward the efforts of the company in increasing the geographic representativeness of asecondarydatasetthroughthesubstitutionoftheelectricitymixesandofthedistanceandmeansoftransportation.
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5.5.3 Processesinsituation3
WhenaprocessisnotrunbythecompanyapplyingthePEFCRandthecompanydoesnothaveaccesstocompany-specificdata,therearetwopossibleoptions:
● Itisinthelistofmostrelevantprocesses(situation3,option1)● Itisnotinthelistofmostrelevantprocesses(situation3,option2)
Situation3/Option1In this case, theapplicantof thePEFCRshallmake theDQRvaluesof thedatasetusedcontext-specificbyre-evaluatingTeR,TiRandGr,usingthetable(s)provided.ThecriteriaPshallkeeptheoriginalvalue.Situation3/Option2
Forthenon-mostrelevantprocesses,theapplicantshallusethecorrespondingsecondarydatasetlistedinthePEFCRtogetherwithitsDQRvalues.
IfthedefaultdatasettobeusedfortheprocessisnotlistedinthePEFCR,theapplicantofthePEFCRshalltaketheDQRvaluesfromtheoriginaldataset.
5.6 Whichdatasetstouse?The secondary datasets to be used by the applicant are those listed in this PEFCR.Whenever adataset needed to calculate the PEF-profile is not among those listed in this PEFCR, then theapplicantshallchoosebetweenthefollowingoptions(inhierarchicalorder):
● UseanEF-compliantdatasetavailableononeofthefollowingnodes:○ http://eplca.jrc.ec.europa.eu/EF-node/○ http://lcdn.blonkconsultants.nl○ http://ecoinvent.lca-data.com○ http://lcdn-cepe.org○ https://lcdn.quantis-software.com/PEF/○ http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node○ http://soda.rdc.yp5.be/
● UseanEF-compliantdatasetavailableinafreeorcommercialsource;● UseanotherEF-compliantdatasetconsideredtobeagoodproxy.Insuchcasethis
informationshallbeincludedinthe"limitation"sectionofthePEFreport.● UseanILCD-entrylevel-compliantdatasetthathasbeenmodelledaccordingtothe
modellingrequirementsincludedintheGuidanceversion6.3.Insuchcasethisinformationshallbeincludedinthe"limitations"sectionofthePEFreport.
● Use an ILCD-entry level-compliant dataset. In such case this information shall beincludedinthe"datagap"sectionofthePEFreport.
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5.7 HowtocalculatetheaverageDQRofthestudyInordertocalculatetheaverageDQRoftheEFstudy,theapplicantshallcalculateseparatelytheTeR,TiR,GRandPfortheEFstudyastheweightedaverageofallmostrelevantprocesses,basedontheirrelativeenvironmentalcontributiontothetotalsinglescore(excludingthe3toxicity-relatedones).ThecalculationrulesexplainedinchapterB.5.4shallbeused.
5.8 Allocationrules
5.8.1 Multi-processesandmulti-productsatwaterfactory
Processingallocation-situationA:detaileddataareavailableonspecificprocessesatwaterfactoryEnergyandwaterconsumptionshallbeallocatedasmuchaspossibletospecificprocessingstagesandproductflows(step1inISO14044).Thereshallbethereforeadistinctionbetween
• Energyandwaterconsumptionforformingprocessesofplasticpackaging• Energyandwaterconsumptionforwaterextraction,containerfillingandgrouping• Energy,waterandgoodsconsumptionforcontainerwashingoperationsofrefillable
packagingProcessingallocation-situationB:dataisonlyavailableatthewaterfactorylevelInanycase,energyandwaterconsumptionrelatedtowaterextraction,containerfillingandgroupingiscalculatedaccordingtothetotalamountofpackedwaterproducedperyear.
• Energyandwaterconsumptionforwaterextraction,fillingandgrouping:o Inanycase,energyandwaterconsumptionrelatedtowaterextraction,container
fillingandgroupingiscalculatedaccordingtothetotalamountofpackedwaterproducedperyear,andisthesameforanytypeofproduct
o Ifdataarenotavailable,thefollowingdataforenergyandwaterconsumptionformanufacturingprocessesshallbeused(Source:Screeningstudy)
§ Waterwithdrawal(notincludingpackedwater)=0.63l/lpackedwater;§ Electricityconsumption=0.01kWh/lpackedwater§ Naturalgasconsumption=0.013MJ/lpackedwater§ LPG/propane:0.0002kg/lpackedwater
o Theleft-overenergyandwaterconsumptionofthewaterfactoryshallbeallocatedtoplasticbottleformingprocessesandcontainerwashingoperations
• Toallocatetheleft-overenergyandwaterconsumptionofthewaterfactorybetweenformingprocessesofplasticpackagingandcontainerwashingoperationsofrefillablepackaging,itisnecessarytohavedetailedprimarydataonatleastoneofthose2processes(bothprocessesrequiremandatorycompany-specificdata).
o Theenergyandwaterconsumptionoftheotherprocesscanbecalculatedastheleft-overofenergyandwaterconsumption
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5.8.2 Allocationformulti-functionalityinend-of-lifesituations
Packaging end-of-life is modelled according to recommendations provided by the EuropeanCommissiontodealwithmulti-functionalityinend-of-lifesituations(seesection7.18ofGuidanceVersion6.3).
Themodellingdetailsareprovidedinsection5.11.
5.9 ElectricitymodellingTheguidelinesinthissectionshallonlybeusedfortheprocesseswherecompany-specificinformationiscollected(situation1/Option1&2/Option1oftheDNM).
Thefollowingelectricitymixshallbeusedinhierarchicalorder:
(i) Supplier-specificelectricityproductshallbeusedif:(a) available,and(b) thesetofminimumcriteriatoensurethecontractualinstrumentsarereliableis
met.(ii) Thesupplier-specifictotalelectricitymixshallbeusedif:
(a) available,and(b) the set of minimum criteria that to ensure the contractual instruments are
reliableismet.(iii) Asalastoptionthe'country-specificresidualgridmix,consumptionmix'shallbeused(available
athttp://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/).Country-specificmeansthecountryinwhichthelifecyclestageoccurs.ThismaybeanEUcountryornon-EUcountry.Theresidualgridmixcharacterizestheunclaimed,untrackedorpubliclysharedelectricity.Thispreventsdoublecountingwiththeuseofsupplier-specificelectricitymixesin(i)and(ii).
Note:ifforacountry,thereisa100%trackingsysteminplace,case(i)shallbeapplied.
Note:fortheusestage,theconsumptiongridmixshallbeused.
Theenvironmentalintegrityoftheuseofsupplier-specificelectricitymixdependsonensuringthatcontractualinstruments(fortracking)reliablyanduniquelyconveyclaimstoconsumers.Withoutthis,thePEFlackstheaccuracyandconsistencynecessarytodriveproduct/corporateelectricityprocurementdecisionsandaccurateconsumer(buyerofelectricity)claims.Therefore,asetofminimumcriteriathatrelatetotheintegrityofthecontractualinstrumentsasreliableconveyersofenvironmentalfootprintinformationhasbeenidentified.Theyrepresenttheminimumfeaturesnecessarytousesupplier-specificmixwithinPEFstudies.
Setofminimalcriteriatoensurecontractualinstrumentsfromsuppliers:Asupplier-specificelectricityproduct/mixmayonlybeusedwhentheapplicantensuresthatanycontractualinstrumentmeetsthecriteriaspecifiedbelow.Ifcontractualinstrumentsdonotmeetthecriteria,then'country-specificresidualgridmix,consumptionmix'shallbeusedinthemodelling.
Acontractualinstrumentusedforelectricitymodellingshall:
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1. Conveyattributes:
● Conveytheenergytypemixassociatedwiththeunitofelectricityproduced.● The energy type mix shall be calculated based on delivered electricity, incorporating
certificatessourcedandretiredonbehalfofitscustomers.Electricityfromfacilitiesforwhichthe attributes have been sold off (via contracts or certificates) shall be characterized ashaving the environmental attributes of the country residual consumptionmixwhere thefacilityislocated.
2. Beauniqueclaim:
● Betheonlyinstrumentsthatcarrytheenvironmentalattributeclaimassociatedwiththatquantityofelectricitygenerated.
● Betrackedandredeemed,retired,orcancelledbyoronbehalfofthecompany(e.g.byanauditofcontracts,thirdpartycertification,ormaybehandledautomaticallythroughotherdisclosureregistries,systems,ormechanisms).
3. Beascloseaspossibletotheperiodtowhichthecontractualinstrumentisapplied.[TheTSmayprovidemoreinformationfollowingtheguidance]
Modelling'country-specificresidualgridmix,consumptionmix':Datasetsforresidualgridmix,perenergytype,percountryandpervoltagehavebeenpurchasedbytheEuropeanCommissionandareavailableinthededicatednode(http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/).Incasethenecessarydatasetisnotavailable,analternativedatasetshallbechosenaccordingtotheproceduredescribedinsectionB.5.8.Ifnodatasetisavailable,thefollowingapproachmaybeused:
Determinethecountryconsumptionmix(e.g.X%ofMWhproducedwithhydroenergy,Y%ofMWhproducedwithcoalpowerplant)andcombinedthemwithLCIdatasetsperenergytypeandcountry/region(e.g.LCIdatasetfortheproductionof1MWhhydroenergyinSwitzerland):
● Activitydatarelatedtonon-EUcountryconsumptionmixperdetailedenergytypeshallbedeterminedbasedon:
o Domesticproductionmixperproductiontechnologieso Importquantityandfromwhichneighbouringcountrieso Transmissionlosseso Distributionlosseso Type of fuel supply (share of resources used, by import and / or domestic
supply)ThesedatamaybefoundinthepublicationsoftheInternationalEnergyAgency(IEA).
● Available LCI datasets per fuel technologies in thenode. The LCI datasets availablearegenerallyspecifictoacountryoraregionintermsof:
o Fuelsupply(shareofresourcesused,byimportand/ordomesticsupply),o Energycarrierproperties(e.g.elementandenergycontents)
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o Technologystandardsofpowerplantsregardingefficiency,firingtechnology,flue-gasdesulphurisation,NOxremovalandde-dusting.
Allocationrules:TableB.9.Allocationrulesforelectricity.
Process Physicalrelationship
Modellinginstructions
Waterextraction,containerfillingandgrouping
Volume -
Containerwashingoperations
Volume -
Primarypackagingproduction
Massofpackaging RegardingPETpackaging,todifferentiatetheenergyandwaterconsumptionforPETbottleformingprocessesandtheenergyandwaterconsumptionforothermanufacturingprocesses,itshallbeassumedthatelectricityandnaturalgasconsumptionarethesameasforthescreeningstudyformanufacturingprocesses(i.e.,waterwithdrawal(notincludingpackedwater)=0.63l/l;electricityconsumption=0.01kWh/l;naturalgasconsumption=0.013MJ/l),andtheleftoverenergyconsumptionofthewaterfactorycanbeallocatedtoPETbottleformingprocesses.
Iftheconsumedelectricitycomesfrommorethanoneelectricitymix,eachmixsourceshallbeusedintermsofitsproportioninthetotalkWhconsumed.Forexample,ifafractionofthistotalkWhconsumediscomingfromaspecificsupplierasupplier-specificelectricitymixshallbeusedforthispart.Seebelowforon-siteelectricityuse.
Aspecificelectricitytypemaybeallocatedtoonespecificproductinthefollowingconditions:
a. Theproduction(andrelatedelectricityconsumption)ofaproductoccursinaseparatesite(building),theenergytypephysicalrelatedtothisseparatedsitemaybeused.
b. The production (and related electricity consumption) of a product occurs in a shared spacewithspecific energymetering or purchase records or electricity bills, the product specific information(measure,record,bill)maybeused.
c. All theproductsproduced in thespecificplantaresuppliedwithapublicavailablePEFstudy.Thecompanywhowants tomake the claim shallmake all PEF studies available. The allocation ruleappliedshallbedescribedinthePEFstudy,consistentlyappliedinallPEFstudiesconnectedtothesiteandverified.Anexampleisthe100%allocationofagreenerelectricitymixtoaspecificproduct.
On-siteelectricitygeneration:Ifon-siteelectricityproductionisequaltothesiteownconsumption,twosituationsapply:
○ Nocontractualinstrumentshavebeensoldtoathirdparty:theownelectricitymix(combinedwithLCIdatasets)shallbemodelled.
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○ Contractualinstrumentshavebeensoldtoathirdparty:the'country-specificresidualgridmix,consumptionmix'(combinedwithLCIdatasets)shallbeused.
Ifelectricityisproducedinexcessoftheamountconsumedon-sitewithinthedefinedsystemboundaryandissoldto,forexample,theelectricitygrid,thissystemcanbeseenasamultifunctionalsituation.Thesystemwillprovidetwofunctions(e.g.product+electricity)andthefollowingrulesshallbefollowed:o Ifpossible,applysubdivision.o Subdivision applies both to separate electricity productions or to a common electricity
productionwhere you can allocate based on electricity amounts the upstream and directemissionstoyourownconsumptionandtotheshareyouselloutofyourcompany(e.g.ifacompanyhasawindmillon itsproductionsiteandexport30%oftheproducedelectricity,emissionsrelatedto70%ofproducedelectricityshouldbeaccountedinthePEFstudy.
o If notpossible, direct substitution shall beused. The country-specific residual consumptionelectricitymixshallbeusedassubstitution21.
o Subdivisionisconsideredasnotpossiblewhenupstreamimpactsordirectemissionsarecloselyrelatedtotheproductitself.
5.10 ClimatechangemodellingTheimpactcategory‘climatechange’shallbemodelledconsideringthreesub-categories:
1. Climate change – fossil: This sub-category includes emissions from peat andcalcination/carbonationoflimestone.Theemissionflowsendingwith'(fossil)'(e.g.,'carbondioxide(fossil)''and'methane(fossil)')shallbeusedifavailable.
2. Climatechange–biogenic:Thissub-categorycoverscarbonemissionstoair(CO2,COandCH4) originating from the oxidation and/or reduction of biomass by means of itstransformationordegradation(e.g.combustion,digestion,composting,landfilling)andCO2uptake from the atmosphere through photosynthesis during biomass growth – i.e.corresponding to thecarboncontentofproducts,biofuelsorabovegroundplant residuessuch as litter anddeadwood. Carbon exchanges fromnative forests22 shall bemodelledunder sub-category 3 (incl. connected soil emissions, derived products, residues). Theemissionflowsendingwith'(biogenic)'shallbeused.Asimplifiedmodellingapproachshallbeusedwhenmodelling the foregroundemissions:Onlytheemission'methane(biogenic)'ismodelled,whilenofurtherbiogenicemissionsanduptakes from atmosphere are included. When methane emissions can be both fossil orbiogenic, the releaseofbiogenicmethaneshallbemodelled firstandthentheremainingfossilmethane.Theproductlifecycleorpartofthelifecycledoesnothaveacarbonstoragebeyond100yearsandthereforecreditsfrombiogeniccarbonstorageshallnotbemodelled.
3. Climatechange–landuseandlandtransformation:Thissub-categoryaccountsforcarbonuptakesandemissions(CO2,COandCH4)originatingfromcarbonstockchangescausedby
21Forsomecountries,thisoptionisabestcaseratherthanaworstcase.22Nativeforests–representsnativeorlong-term,non-degradedforests.Definitionadaptedfromtable8inAnnexVC(2010)3751
toDirective2009/28/EC.
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landusechangeandlanduse.Thissub-categoryincludesbiogeniccarbonexchangesfromdeforestation, road construction or other soil activities (incl. soil carbon emissions). Fornativeforests,allrelatedCO2emissionsareincludedandmodelledunderthissub-category(including connected soil emissions, products derived from native forest23 and residues),whiletheirCO2uptakeisexcluded.Theemissionflowsendingwith'(landusechange)'shallbeused.For land use change, all carbon emissions and removals shall bemodelled following themodelling guidelines of PAS 2050:2011 (BSI 2011) and the supplementary documentPAS2050-1:2012 (BSI 2012) for horticultural products. PAS 2050:2011 (BSI 2011): LargeemissionsofGHGscanresultasaconsequenceof landusechange.Removalsasadirectresultoflandusechange(andnotasaresultoflong-termmanagementpractices)donotusually occur, although it is recognized that this could happen in specific circumstances.Examplesofdirect landusechangeare theconversionof landused forgrowingcrops toindustrialuseorconversionfromforestlandtocropland.Allformsoflandusechangethatresultinemissionsorremovalsaretobeincluded.Indirectlandusechangereferstosuchconversions of land use as a consequence of changes in land use elsewhere.WhileGHGemissionsalsoarisefromindirectlandusechange,themethodsanddatarequirementsforcalculatingtheseemissionsarenotfullydeveloped.Therefore,theassessmentofemissionsarisingfromindirectlandusechangeisnotincluded.TheGHGemissionsandremovalsarisingfromdirectlandusechangeshallbeassessedforanyinputtothelifecycleofaproductoriginatingfromthatlandandshallbeincludedintheassessmentofGHGemissions.TheemissionsarisingfromtheproductshallbeassessedonthebasisofthedefaultlandusechangevaluesprovidedinPAS2050:2011AnnexC,unlessbetterdataisavailable.Forcountriesandlandusechangesnotincludedinthisannex,theemissionsarisingfromtheproductshallbeassessedusingtheincludedGHGemissionsandremovalsoccurringasa resultofdirect landuse change inaccordancewith the relevantsectionsoftheIPCC(2006).Theassessmentoftheimpactoflandusechangeshallincludealldirectlandusechangeoccurringnotmorethan20years,orasingleharvestperiod,priorto undertaking the assessment (whichever is the longer). The total GHG emissions andremovals arising from direct land use change over the period shall be included in thequantification ofGHGemissions of products arising from this land on the basis of equalallocationtoeachyearoftheperiod24.1)Whereitcanbedemonstratedthatthelandusechangeoccurredmorethan20yearspriortotheassessmentbeingcarriedout,noemissionsfromlandusechangeshouldbeincludedintheassessment.2)Wherethetimingoflandusechangecannotbedemonstratedtobemorethan20years,orasingleharvestperiod,priortomakingtheassessment(whicheveristhelonger),itshallbeassumedthatthelandusechangeoccurredon1Januaryofeither:
○ the earliest year in which it can be demonstrated that the land use change hadoccurred;or
23FollowingtheinstantaneousoxidationapproachinIPCC2013(Chapter2).
24Incaseofvariabilityofproductionovertheyears,amassallocationshouldbeapplied.
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○ on1JanuaryoftheyearinwhichtheassessmentofGHGemissionsandremovalsisbeingcarriedout.
The following hierarchy shall apply when determining the GHG emissions and removalsarisingfromlandusechangeoccurringnotmorethan20yearsorasingleharvestperiod,priortomakingtheassessment(whicheveristhelonger):
1. wherethecountryofproductionisknownandthepreviouslanduseisknown,theGHGemissionsandremovalsarisingfromlandusechangeshallbethoseresultingfromthechangeinlandusefromthepreviouslandusetothecurrentlanduseinthatcountry(additionalguidelinesonthecalculationscanbefoundinPAS2050-1:2012);
2. wherethecountryofproductionisknown,buttheformerlanduseisnotknown,theGHG emissions arising from land use change shall be the estimate of averageemissions from the land use change for that crop in that country (additionalguidelinesonthecalculationscanbefoundinPAS2050-1:2012);
3. whereneitherthecountryofproductionnortheformerlanduseisknown,theGHGemissionsarisingfromlandusechangeshallbetheweightedaverageoftheaveragelandusechangeemissionsofthatcommodityinthecountriesinwhichitisgrown.
Knowledge of the prior land use can be demonstrated using a number of sources ofinformation,suchassatelliteimageryandlandsurveydata.Whererecordsarenotavailable,localknowledgeofprior landusecanbeused.Countries inwhichacrop isgrowncanbedeterminedfromimportstatistics,andacut-offthresholdofnotlessthan90%oftheweightofimportsmaybeapplied.Datasources,locationandtimingoflandusechangeassociatedwithinputstoproductsshallbereported.Soil carbon storage shall not be modelled, calculated and reported as additionalenvironmentalinformation.
Thesumofthethreesub-categoriesshallbereported.Thesub-category‘Climatechange-biogenic’shallbereportedseparately:No.Thesub-category‘Climatechange-landuseandlandtransformation’shallbereportedseparately:No.
5.11 ModellingofwastesandrecycledcontentThewasteofproductsusedduringthemanufacturing,distribution,retail,theusestageorafteruseshallbeincludedintheoverallmodellingofthelifecycleoftheorganisation.Overall,thisshouldbemodelledandreportedatthelifecyclestagewherethewasteoccurs.ThissectiongivesguidelinesonhowtomodeltheEnd-of-Lifeofproductsaswellastherecycledcontent.TheCircularFootprintFormulaisusedtomodeltheEnd-of-Lifeofproductsaswellastherecycledcontentandisacombinationof"material+energy+disposal",i.e.:Material 5 − 75 89 + 75× <8=>?@?A>B + 5 − < 89×
CDEFCG
+ (5 − <)7J× 8=>?@?AEFK8LM − 89∗×CDLOPCQ
Energy(5 − R)7S×(887 − MT9×U87,V>WP×8D8,V>WP − MT9×U87,>A>?×8D8,>A>?)Disposal(5 − 7J − 7S)×8XWiththefollowingparameters:
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A:allocationfactorofburdensandcreditsbetweensupplieranduserofrecycledmaterials.
B:allocationfactorofenergyrecoveryprocesses:itappliesbothtoburdensandcredits.ItshqllbesettozeroforallPEFstudies.
Qsin:qualityoftheingoingsecondarymaterial,i.e.thequalityoftherecycledmaterialatthepointofsubstitution.
Qsout:qualityoftheoutgoingsecondarymaterial,i.e.thequalityoftherecyclablematerialatthepointofsubstitution.
Qp:qualityoftheprimarymaterial,i.e.qualityofthevirginmaterial.
R1:itistheproportionofmaterialintheinputtotheproductionthathasbeenrecycledfromaprevioussystem.
R2:itistheproportionofthematerialintheproductthatwillberecycled(orreused)inasubsequentsystem.R2shallthereforetakeintoaccounttheinefficienciesinthecollectionandrecycling(orreuse)processes.R2shallbemeasuredattheoutputoftherecyclingplant.
R3:itistheproportionofthematerialintheproductthatisusedforenergyrecoveryatEoL.
Erecycled(Erec):specificemissionsandresourcesconsumed(perfunctionalunit)arisingfromtherecyclingprocessoftherecycled(reused)material,includingcollection,sortingandtransportationprocess.
ErecyclingEoL(ErecEoL):specificemissionsandresourcesconsumed(perfunctionalunit)arisingfromtherecyclingprocessatEoL,includingcollection,sortingandtransportationprocess.
Ev:specificemissionsandresourcesconsumed(perfunctionalunit)arisingfromtheacquisitionandpre-processingofvirginmaterial.
E*v:specificemissionsandresourcesconsumed(perfunctionalunit)arisingfromtheacquisitionandpre-processingofvirginmaterialassumedtobesubstitutedbyrecyclablematerials.
EER:specificemissionsandresourcesconsumed(perfunctionalunit)arisingfromtheenergyrecoveryprocess(e.g.incinerationwithenergyrecovery,landfillwithenergyrecovery,…).
ESE,heatandESE,elec:specificemissionsandresourcesconsumed(perfunctionalunit)thatwouldhavearisenfromthespecificsubstitutedenergysource,heatandelectricityrespectively.
ED:specificemissionsandresourcesconsumed(perfunctionalunit)arisingfromdisposalofwastematerialattheEoLoftheanalysedproduct,withoutenergyrecovery.
XER,heatandXER,elec:theefficiencyoftheenergyrecoveryprocessforbothheatandelectricity.
LHV:LowerHeatingValueofthematerialintheproductthatisusedforenergyrecovery.
Thefollowingparametersshallbeapplied:
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• Adefaultvalues:refertoAnnexCofGuidanceVersion6.3.• Defaultqualityratios:refertoAnnexCofGuidanceVersion6.3.• DefaultR1valuesforalldefaultmaterialdatasets(incasenocompany-specificvaluesare
available):refertoAnnexCofGuidanceVersion6.3.Theyshallbesetto0%whennoapplication-specificdataisavailable.
• DefaultR2valuestobeusedincasenocompany-specificvaluesareavailable:refertoAnnexCofGuidanceVersion6.3exceptforHODforwhich100%defaultvalueshallbeused.
6 Lifecyclestages
6.1 PackagingmaterialsThissectiongivesthedetailsonpackagingrawmaterialsandproductionforrespectivelyprimary,secondary,tertiarypackagingandpackagingtransporttowaterfactoryforthethreesubcategories.Reusablepackaging:modellingapproachTherawmaterialconsumption,theenergyandgoodsconsumptionforformingprocesses,andthesupplytransporttowaterfactoryofreusablepackagingshallbecalculatedbydividingtheactualweightofthepackagingbythenumberofreuse/rotations.Thetransportationofusedemptypackagingbacktowaterfactoryshallbecalculatingbymultiplyingtheweightoftheemptypackagingtransportedbythefollowingfactor:
1-Y
Z[\]'^_`^'[a'
Numberofreuse:calculationrulesFortherefillablepackaging(primaryorsecondary),thereuserateshallbecalculatedusingsupply-chain-specificdataonly.Thetwodifferentmodellingapproachesarepresentedbelow.Reuserateisthenumberoftimesapackagingmaterialisused(e.g.,filled)atthefactory.Thisisoftenalsocalledtriprates,reusetimeornumberofrotations.Thismaybeexpressedastheabsolutenumberofreuseoras%ofreuserate.Forexample:areuserateof80%equals5reuses.Equation1describestheconversion:
Numberofreuse=Y
Ybb%d%^'[a'^ef' [Equation1]
Thenumberofreuseappliedherereferstothetotalnumberofusesduringthelifeofapackaging.Itincludesboththefirstuseandallthefollowingreuses.A packaging return system can be organized by the company owning the packaging material(companyownedpools)orcanbeorganizedatahigherlevelbyathirdpartye.g.,thegovernmentorapooler(thirdpartyoperatedpools).Thismayhaveaninfluenceonthelifetimeofthematerialaswell as the data source to be used. Therefore, it is important to separate these two returnsystems.Forcompanyownedpackagingpoolsthereuserateshallbecalculatedusingsupply-chain-specificdata.Dependingonthedataavailablewithinthecompany,twodifferentcalculationapproaches
80
maybeused(seeOptionaandbpresentedbelow).Returnableglassbottlesareusedasexamplebutthecalculationsalsoapplyforothercompanyownedreusablepackaging.Optiona:Theuseofsupply-chain-specificdata,basedonaccumulatedexperienceoverthelifetimeofthepreviousglassbottlepool.Thisisthemostaccuratewaytocalculatethereuserateofbottlesforthepreviousbottlepoolandcanbeaproperestimateforthecurrentbottlepool.Thefollowingsupply-chain-specificdata is collected (seewikipage 'Access todocumentsof common interest'https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/fpfis/wikis/display/EUENVFP/):
● Numberofbottlesfilledduringthelifetimeofthebottlepool(#Fi)● Numberofbottlesatinitialstockpluspurchasedoverthelifetimeofthebottlepool(#B)
Reuserateofthebottlepool=#hi#j
[Equation2]
Thenetglassuse(kgglass/lbeverage)=#j× kllmeaa/]_ffm'
#hi [Equation3]
Thiscalculationoptionshallbeused:i. With data of the previous bottle pool when the previous and current bottle pool are
comparable.Meaning,thesameproductcategory,similarbottlecharacteristics(e.g.,size),comparable return systems (e.g., way of collection, same consumer group and outletchannels),etc.
ii. Withdataofthecurrentbottlepoolwhenfutureestimations/extrapolationsareavailableon(i)thebottlepurchases,(ii)thevolumessold,and(iii)thelifetimeofthebottlepool.
Thedatashallbesupply-chain-specificandshallbeverifiedbyanexternalverification,includingthereasoningofthismethodchoice.Optionb:Whennorealdataistrackedthecalculationshallbedonepartlybasedonassumptions.Thisoptionislessaccurateduetotheassumptionsmadeandthereforeconservative/safeestimatesshallbeused.Thefollowingdataisneeded:
● Averagenumberofrotationsofasinglebottle,duringonecalendaryear(ifnotbroken).Oneloopconsistsoffilling,delivery,use,backtobrewerforwashing(#Rot)
● Estimatedlifetimeofthebottlepool(LT,inyears)● Averagepercentageoflossperrotation.Thisreferstothesumoflossesatconsumerand
thebottlesscrappedatfillingsites(%Los)
Reuserateofthebottlepool=o&
o&×%o_a ) p#(qr
[Equation4]
Thiscalculationoptionshallbeusedwhenoptiona)isnotapplicable(e.g.,thepreviouspoolisnotusable as reference). The data used shall be verified by an external verification, including thereasoningofthismethodchoice.Modellingtherecycledcontent(ifapplicable)Thefollowingformulaisusedtomodeltherecycledcontent:
81
1 − #Y tu + #Y× vt^'wxwm'y + 1 − v tu×"z{Z"|
TheR1valuesappliedshallbesupply-chainordefaultasprovidedinthetableabove,inrelationwiththeDNM.Material-specificvaluesbasedonsupplymarketstatisticsarenotacceptedasaproxy.TheappliedR1valuesshallbesubjecttoPEFstudyverification.
Whenusingsupply-chainspecificR1valuesotherthan0,traceabilitythroughoutthesupplychainisnecessary.Thefollowinggeneralguidelinesshallbefollowedwhenusingsupply-chainspecificR1values:
● Thesupplier information(throughe.g.,statementofconformityordeliverynote)shallbemaintainedduringallstagesofproductionanddeliveryattheconverter;
● Once the material is delivered to the converter for production of the end products, theconvertershallhandleinformationthroughtheirregularadministrativeprocedures;
● The converter for production of the end products claiming recycled content shalldemonstrate throughhismanagementsystemthe [%]of recycled inputmaterial into therespectiveendproduct(s).
● Thelatterdemonstrationshallbetransferreduponrequesttotheuseroftheendproduct.Incase a PEF profile is calculated and reported, this shall be stated as additional technicalinformationofthePEFprofile.
● Company-owned traceability systems can be applied as long as they cover the generalguidelinesoutlinedabove.
DefaultparametersforAandQsin/QpwereselectedfromAnnexCandarelistedinthetwofollowingtables.
Table14:SelectionofdefaultvaluesforAaccordingtoAnnexCofPEFGuidanceVersion6.3Category Material Application Value for A
parameterMetals Steel packaging 0.2
Aluminum packaging-cans 0.2
packaging-liquidbeveragecarton 0.2
Paper Paper packaging-corrugated-pads/box/inserts 0.2
packaging-cartonboard/inserts 0.2
packaging-solidboardbox 0.2
packaging-solidboardbox-bleached 0.2
packaging-liquidbeveragecarton 0.2
Plastics PET packaging-bottle 0.5
PE MATERIAL 0.5
PP MATERIAL 0.5
82
PolycarbonatePC
packaging-water 0.5
Genericplastics packaging-generic 0.5
packaging-liquidbeveragecarton 0.5
Glass Glass packaging-containerglassunspecifiedcolour 0.2
packaging-containerglasscolourless(flint) 0.2
packaging-containerglassgreencolour 0.2
packaging-containerglassambercolour 0.2
Table15:DefaultvaluesforQsin/QpaccordingtoAnnexCofPEFGuidanceVersion6.3Material Defaultvalue
(Qsin/Qp)Comments
Glass 1 Steel 1 Aluminium 1 Othermetals 1 Paperandcardboard 0.85 Thisvalueshallbeusedwhentherecyclingprocess
doesn'tconsiderfibrelosses
Paperandcardboard 1 Thisvalueshallbeusedwhentherecyclingprocessconsidersfibrelosses
PET-SSPrecycling 1 PETmechanicalrecycling 0,9 PP 0.9 HDPE 0.9 LDPEfilm 0.75
Thedatatobecollectedanddefaultdata(whenrelevant)arelistedinthetablesbelowforprimarypackaging,secondarypackagingandtertiarypackagingrespectively.TheEF-compliantsecondarydatasetstobeusedandcorrespondingUUIDandDQRarelistedinthecomprehensivetablespresentedinsection5.1.1.
Table16Primarypackagingproduction(rawmaterialacquisitionandprocessing)expressedperprimarypackaging(andnotperfunctionalunit)-Capitalsindicatethoseprocessesexpectedtoberunbythecompany
Processandkeyparameters
Unit
Defaultdata Defaultdataset,UUIDand
DQR
Mostrelevantprocess[Y/N]
“Otherchannels”
“Athoreca”
“Attheoffice”
Amountperprimarypackaging
Mainbody
Material n/a - - - Seesection5.1.1
Y
83
Processandkeyparameters
Unit
Defaultdata Defaultdataset,UUIDand
DQR
Mostrelevantprocess[Y/N]
“Otherchannels”
“Athoreca”
“Attheoffice”
R1 % - - - - Y
Volume L - - - - Y
Weight g - - - - Y
FORMINGPROCESS
(insomecases)25
n/a - - - Seesection5.1.1
Y
ROTATIONS
u - - - - Y
Cap Material n/a Screwcap,HDPERingpullcap,aluminium
LDPE,HDPE,PE
Seesection5.1.1
N
R1 % / / - - N
Weight g - - - - N
Formingprocess(to add itnot usinga “cap”defaultdataset)
n/a / / - Seesection5.1.1
N
Label Material n/a Label,PPLabel,paperLabel,plastic
Seesection5.1.1
N
R1 % / / - - N
Weight g - - - - N
Table17Secondarypackagingproduction(capitalsindicatethoseprocessesexpectedtoberunbythecompany)
Processandkeyparameters
Unit
Defaultdata Defaultdataset,UUIDand
DQR
Mostrelevantprocess[Y/N]
“Otherchannels”
“Athoreca”
“Attheoffice”
Amountpersecondarypackaging(plasticfilm,crateorcardboard)
Secondary
Material n/a - - - Seesection5.1.1
Y
R1 % - - - - Y
25Notrelevantforglassbottles
84
Processandkeyparameters
Unit
Defaultdata Defaultdataset,UUIDand
DQR
Mostrelevantprocess[Y/N]
“Otherchannels”
“Athoreca”
“Attheoffice”
packaging
Weight g - - - - Y
ROTATIONS
u - Y
Capacity(numberofprimarypackagingpersecondarypackaging)
u - - - - Y
Table18Tertiarypackagingproduction(rawmaterialacquisitionandprocessing)expressedpertertiarypackaging(andnotperfunctionalunit)-Capitalsindicatethoseprocessesexpectedtoberunbythecompany
Processandkeyparameters
Unit
Defaultdata Defaultdataset,UUIDandDQR.1.1
Mostrelevantprocess[Y/N]
“Otherchannels”
“Athoreca”
“Attheoffice”
Amountpertertiarypackaging
Film Material n/a Plasticshrink,wrap Seesection5.1.1
Y
R1 % - - - - Y
Weight g - - - - Y
Slipsheet/tray
Material n/a - - - Seesection5.1.1
N
R1 % - - - - N
Weight g - - - - N
Rack Material n/a - - - Seesection5.1.1
Y
R1 % - - - - Y
Weight g - - - - Y
ROTATIONS
u -
Pallet Material n/a Woodorplasticpallet(usedefaultdatasetsforpallets)
Seesection5.1.1
Y
R1 % - - - - Y
Dimension
- 80x120or100x120 -
85
Processandkeyparameters
Unit
Defaultdata Defaultdataset,UUIDandDQR.1.1
Mostrelevantprocess[Y/N]
“Otherchannels”
“Athoreca”
“Attheoffice”
Weight g - - - Seesection
5.1.1Y
Rotations Woodenpallet:25trips(PEFGuidanceVersion6.3)
Plasticpallets:50trips(PEFGuidanceVersion6.3)
-
Capacity (numberof primarypackaging pertertiarypackaging)
u -
Thedetailsaboutthedeliveryofpackagingmaterialstowaterfactoryaregiven inthefollowingtables.ThereuserateaffectsthequantityoftransportthatisneededperFU.Thetransportimpactshallbecalculatedbydividingtheone-waytripimpactbythenumberofreuseofthispackaging.TheEF-compliantsecondarydatasets tobeusedandcorrespondingUUIDandDQRare listed incomprehensivetablespresentedinsection5.1.1.It has to be noticed that the transport of raw materials to packaging producers (from resinproducer to packaging producer for outsourced preforms, from resin producer to packagingproducerforHODbottles)shallbemodelledaccordingtoPEFGuidancev6.3.Themodellingrulesaresummarizedbelow,andarepresentedinTable21.
• ForsupplierslocatedwithinEurope:o 230kmbytruck(>32t,EURO4;UUID938d5ba6-17e4-4f0d-bef0-481608681f57),
PEFCRspecificutilisationratio;ando 280kmbytrain(averagefreighttrain;UUID02e87631-6d70-48ce-affd-
1975dc36f5be);ando 360kmbyship(barge;UUID4cfacea0-cce4-4b4d-bd2b-223c8d4c90ae).
• ForsupplierslocatedoutsideEurope:o 1000kmbytruck(>32t,EURO4;UUID938d5ba6-17e4-4f0d-bef0-481608681f57),
forthesumofdistancesfromharbour/airporttofactoryoutsideandinsideEurope.
PEFCRspecificutilisationratio;and
o 18000 km by ship (transoceanic container; UUID 6ca61112-1d5b-473c-abfa-
4accc66a8a63) or 10’000 km by plane (cargo; UUID 1cc5d465-a12a-43da-aa86-
a9c6383c78ac).
o Ifproducerscountry(origin)isknown:theadequatedistanceforshipandairplaneshouldbedeterminedusinghttp://www.searates.com/services/routes-explorerorhttps://co2.myclimate.org/en/flight_calculators/newhttps://co2.myclimate.org/en/flight_calculators/new
86
• IncaseitisunknownifthesupplierislocatedwithinoroutsideEurope,thetransportshallbemodelledassupplierbeinglocatedoutsideEurope.
Table19:Transport(capitalsindicatethoseprocessesexpectedtoberunbythecompany)
Processandkeyparameter*
Defaultdata Defaultdataset,UUIDandDQR
Mostrelevant[Y/N]Modeof
transportDistance(km)
Actualpayload(tonnes)
Emptyreturnrate(-)
Primarypackagingsupplytowaterfactory
Frompackagingproducertowaterfactory(outsourcedpreforms,glassbottles,HODPCbottles,etc…)orfromrawmaterialsproducer(resinsupplier)towaterfactory
- - -
-
Seesection5.1.1
N
Transportofmaterialtopackagingproducer
ForPETbottles:transportofPETresinfromresinproducertopreformsproducer26
Truck40t 230 21 0.3 Articulatedlorrytransport,Euro 4, Totalweight>32t|diesel driven,Euro4,cargo|consumptionmix, toconsumer|morethan32tgrossweight /24,7t payloadcapacity {EU-28+3}UUID:938d5ba6-17e4-4f0d-bef0-481608681f57
26BasedonEurostatdata(Eurostat2013),25%ofPETresinisimported(i.e.,producedoutsideEurope)and75%isproducedinEurope.
87
Processandkeyparameter*
Defaultdata Defaultdataset,UUIDandDQR
Mostrelevant[Y/N]Modeof
transportDistance(km)
Actualpayload(tonnes)
Emptyreturnrate(-)
SeeAppendix3fornodeand
DQR
Train 230 - - Freight train,average(without fuel)technologymix,electricityand dieseldriven, cargoconsumptionmix, toconsumeraverage train,gross tonneweight1000t/726t payloadcapacityUUID:02e87631-6d70-48ce-affd-1975dc36f5beSee Appendix3fornodeandDQR
N
Ship 360 - - Bargetechnologymix, dieseldriven, cargoconsumptionmix, toconsumer1500tpayloadcapacityUUID:4cfacea0-cce4-4b4d-bd2b-223c8d4c90ae
88
Processandkeyparameter*
Defaultdata Defaultdataset,UUIDandDQR
Mostrelevant[Y/N]Modeof
transportDistance(km)
Actualpayload(tonnes)
Emptyreturnrate(-)
See Appendix3fornodeandDQR
Transportofmaterialtopackagingproducer
ForHODPCbottles:transportofPCresinfromresinproducertobottlesproducer
Truck40t 230 21 1 Articulatedlorrytransport,Euro 4, Totalweight>32t|diesel driven,Euro4,cargo|consumptionmix, toconsumer|morethan32tgrossweight /24,7t payloadcapacity {EU-28+3}UUID:938d5ba6-17e4-4f0d-bef0-481608681f57SeeAppendix3fornodeand
DQR
N
Train 230 - - Freight train,average(without fuel)technologymix,electricityand dieseldriven, cargoconsumptionmix, toconsumeraverage train,gross tonneweight1000t/726t payload
89
Processandkeyparameter*
Defaultdata Defaultdataset,UUIDandDQR
Mostrelevant[Y/N]Modeof
transportDistance(km)
Actualpayload(tonnes)
Emptyreturnrate(-)
capacityUUID:02e87631-6d70-48ce-affd-1975dc36f5beSee Appendix3fornodeandDQR
Ship 360 - - Bargetechnologymix, dieseldriven, cargoconsumptionmix, toconsumer1500tpayloadcapacityUUID:4cfacea0-cce4-4b4d-bd2b-223c8d4c90aeSee Appendix3fornodeandDQR
Cap,fromcapproducertowaterfactory
Truck40t - 7 0.2 Articulatedlorrytransport,Euro 4, Totalweight>32t|diesel driven,Euro4,cargo|consumptionmix, toconsumer|morethan32tgrossweight /24,7t payload
N
90
Processandkeyparameter*
Defaultdata Defaultdataset,UUIDandDQR
Mostrelevant[Y/N]Modeof
transportDistance(km)
Actualpayload(tonnes)
Emptyreturnrate(-)
capacity {EU-28+3}UUID:938d5ba6-17e4-4f0d-bef0-481608681f57SeeAppendix3fornodeand
DQR
Label,fromlabelproducertowaterfactory
Truck40t - 16 0.2 Articulatedlorrytransport,Euro 4, Totalweight>32t|diesel driven,Euro4,cargo|consumptionmix, toconsumer|morethan32tgrossweight /24,7t payloadcapacity {EU-28+3}UUID:938d5ba6-17e4-4f0d-bef0-481608681f57SeeAppendix3fornodeand
DQR
N
Secondaryandtertiarypackagingsupplytowaterfactory
Plasticfilm,fromplasticfilmproducertowaterfactory
Truck40t - 21 0.2 Articulatedlorrytransport, Euro4, Total weight>32 t | dieseldriven, Euro 4,cargo|
N
91
Processandkeyparameter*
Defaultdata Defaultdataset,UUIDandDQR
Mostrelevant[Y/N]Modeof
transportDistance(km)
Actualpayload(tonnes)
Emptyreturnrate(-)
consumptionmix, toconsumer|more than 32tgross weight /24,7t payloadcapacity {EU-28+3}UUID:938d5ba6-17e4-4f0d-bef0-481608681f57SeeAppendix3
fornodeandDQR
Crate,fromcrateproducertowaterfactory
Truck40t - 6 0.2 Articulatedlorrytransport, Euro4, Total weight>32 t | dieseldriven, Euro 4,cargo|consumptionmix, toconsumer|more than 32tgross weight /24,7t payloadcapacity {EU-28+3}UUID:938d5ba6-17e4-4f0d-bef0-481608681f57SeeAppendix3
fornodeandDQR
N
Cardboard,fromcardboardproducertowaterfactory
Truck40t - 15 0.2 Articulatedlorrytransport, Euro4, Total weight>32 t | dieseldriven, Euro 4,cargo|consumptionmix, toconsumer|
N
92
Processandkeyparameter*
Defaultdata Defaultdataset,UUIDandDQR
Mostrelevant[Y/N]Modeof
transportDistance(km)
Actualpayload(tonnes)
Emptyreturnrate(-)
more than 32tgross weight /24,7t payloadcapacity {EU-28+3}UUID:938d5ba6-17e4-4f0d-bef0-481608681f57SeeAppendix3
fornodeandDQR
Pallet,frompalletproducertowaterfactory
Truck40t - 10.9 0.2 Articulatedlorrytransport, Euro4, Total weight>32 t | dieseldriven, Euro 4,cargo|consumptionmix, toconsumer|more than 32tgross weight /24,7t payloadcapacity {EU-28+3}UUID:938d5ba6-17e4-4f0d-bef0-481608681f57SeeAppendix3
fornodeandDQR
N
Rack,fromrackproducertowaterfactory
Truck40t - 21 0.2 Articulatedlorrytransport, Euro4, Total weight>32 t | dieseldriven, Euro 4,cargo|consumptionmix, toconsumer|more than 32tgross weight /24,7t payload
N
93
Processandkeyparameter*
Defaultdata Defaultdataset,UUIDandDQR
Mostrelevant[Y/N]Modeof
transportDistance(km)
Actualpayload(tonnes)
Emptyreturnrate(-)
capacity {EU-28+3}UUID:938d5ba6-17e4-4f0d-bef0-481608681f57SeeAppendix3
fornodeandDQR
Collectofusedemptybottlesbacktowaterfactory(forreusablepackagingonly)
Usedemptypackagingbacktowaterfactory–Frompointofsaletodistributioncenter
SamemodeoftransportasfromDCtopointofsale(seesection6.3)
SamedistanceasfromDCtopointofsale(seesection6.3)
Calculatedbasedonthenumberofusedemptypackaginginthetruck(canbeestimatedassamenumberoffullpackagingfromDCtopointofsale
- SeeAppendix3
N
Usedemptybottlesbacktowaterfactory–Fromdistributioncentertowaterfactory
SamemodeoftransportasfromDCtopointofsale(seesection6.3)
SamedistanceasfromDCtopointofsale(seesection6.3)
Calculatedbasedonthenumberofusedemptypackaginginthetruck(canbeestimatedassamenumberoffullpackagingfromwaterfactory)
- SeeAppendix3
N
94
*TheapplicantofthisPEFCRshallalwayschecktheactualpayloadappliedinthedefaultdatasetandadaptitaccordingly.TheapplicantshallreporttheDQRvalues(foreachcriterion+total)forallthedatasetsused.
6.2 ManufacturingThis section gives the details on manufacturing. The information is common for the threesubcategories.Thedatatobecollectedanddefaultdata (whenrelevant)are listed inthetablebelow.TheEF-compliant secondary datasets to be used and corresponding UUID and DQR are listed incomprehensivetablespresentedinsection5.1.2andinAppendix3.It is important to note that when modelling the water extraction and the gas production forcarbonatedwater(whenrelevant),theelementaryflowusedforwaterhastobeadaptedaccordingtothelocationofwaterextraction.Table20:Manufacturing(capitalsindicatethoseprocessesexpectedtoberunbythecompany)
Processandkeyparameters* Unit
Defaultdata
Defaultdataset,UUIDand
DQR
Mostrelevantprocess[Y/N]
WATEREXTRACTION,CONTAINERFILLING ANDGROUPING
Packedwater l/lpackedwater - Seesection5.1.2
Y
Net water consumption(totalwaterconsumption-returnwater)notincludingpackedwater
l/lpackedwater - Seesection5.1.2
Y
Electricityconsumption kWh/l packedwater
0.0127 Seesection5.2
Y
Naturalgasconsumption MJ/l packedwater
0.01327 Seesection5.2
Y
LPG/propanecombustion kg/lpackedwater 0.000227 Seesection5.2
Y
GASPRODUCTION(for carbonatedwateronly)
Amount of gas used perliter of carbonated water(including losses duringbottlingandfillingprocess)
g/l carbonatedwater
- Seesection5.2
N
Gas losses during bottlingandfillingprocess
g/l carbonatedwater
- Seesection5.1.2
N
CONTAINERWASHINGOPERATIONS (forreusablepackagingonly)
Fraction of containerwashedafterused
% - - Y
Waterused l/containerwashedorl/lpackedwater
- Seesection5.1.2
N
27Ifnocompany-specificdataareavailable,thefollowingdefaultdatashallbeused(Source:EFBW2013)
95
Processandkeyparameters* Unit
Defaultdata
Defaultdataset,UUIDand
DQR
Mostrelevantprocess[Y/N]
Electricityconsumption kWh/containerwashed or kWh/lpackedwater
- Seesection5.1.2
Y
Natural gas consumption(MJ)
MJ/containerwashed or MJ/lpackedwater
- Seesection5.1.2
Y
NaOH(g) g/containerwashed or g/lpackedwater
- Seesection5.1.2
Y
HCl(g) g/containerwashed or g/lpackedwater
Seesection5.1.2
N
TheapplicantshallreporttheDQRvalues(foreachcriterion+total)forallthedatasetsused.Thewasteofproductsusedduringthemanufacturingshallbeincludedinthemodelling(e.g.lossratesduringfillingandgrouping,refillablepackagingbrokenduringwashing,etc…).
6.3 DistributionstageThissectiongivesthedetailsondistributionforthethreesubcategories.Itincludesthedifferenttransport steps for distribution, as well as storage in warehouses and retailer (only for “Otherchannels”subcategory).
Thetransportfromfactorytofinalclient(includingconsumertransport)shallbemodelledwithinthislifecyclestage.Thefinalclientisdefinedasthefinalpointofuse.Itisthefinalconsumerwhopurchasedthepackedwaterfor“otherchannels”,theclientoftherestaurantforthesubcategory“athoreca”,andtheemployeeofthecompanyforthesubcategory“attheoffice”.
The details about the distribution transports are given in the following tables for the threesubcategoriesrespectively.Incasesupply-chain-specificinformationisavailableforoneorseveraltransport parameters, theymay be applied following the DataNeedsMatrix.The EF-compliantsecondarydatasetstobeusedandcorrespondingUUIDandDQRarelistedincomprehensivetablespresentedinsection5.1.2andinAppendix3.
96
Table21:Distributiontransportationforthesubcategory“Otherchannels”(capitalsindicatethoseprocessesexpectedtoberunbythecompany)
Processandkeyparameter*
Defaultdata Defaultdataset,UUIDand
DQR
Mostrelevant[Y/N]Modeof
transport
Distance(km)
Actualpayload(tonnes)
Emptyreturnrate(-)
FROMWATERFACTORYTOCUSTOMERDEPOT/DISTRIBUTIONCENTER
Truck40t 500 -
-
Articulatedlorrytransport, Euro4, Total weight>32 t | dieseldriven, Euro 4,cargo|consumptionmix, toconsumer|more than 32tgross weight /24,7t payloadcapacity {EU-28+3}UUID:938d5ba6-17e4-4f0d-bef0-481608681f57SeeAppendix3
fornodeandDQR
Y
Fromdistributioncentertopointofsale
Truck40t 10028 1829 0.529 Articulatedlorrytransport,Euro4,Totalweight>32t|dieseldriven,Euro4,cargo|consumptionmix,toconsumer|morethan32tgrossweight/24,7tpayloadcapacity{EU-28+3}UUID:938d5ba6-17e4-4f0d-
N
28EFBWexpertjudgment29UETR
97
Processandkeyparameter*
Defaultdata Defaultdataset,UUIDand
DQR
Mostrelevant[Y/N]Modeof
transport
Distance(km)
Actualpayload(tonnes)
Emptyreturnrate(-)
bef0-481608681f57SeeAppendix3fornodeandDQR
Frompointofsaletofinaluser
ThisdistributionstageismodelledaccordingtotheapproachdescribedinPEFGuidanceVersion6.3,presentedbelowthetable.
Passengercar,averagetechnologymix,gasolineanddieseldriven,Euro3-5,passengercarconsumptionmix,toconsumerenginesizefrom1,4lupto>2lUUID:1ead35dd-fc71-4b0c-9410-7e39da95c7dcSeeAppendix3fornodeandDQR
N
*TheapplicantofthisPEFCRshallalwayschecktheactualpayloadappliedinthedefaultdatasetandadaptitaccordingly.
Modellingapproachfrompointofsaletofinalclient(source:PEFGuidanceVersion6.3,section7.14.1.3andsection7.14.3)
● 62%:5km,bypassengercar(average;UUID1ead35dd-fc71-4b0c-9410-7e39da95c7dc).Theallocationfactorshallbecalculatedasthevolumeoftheproducttransporteddividedby0.2m3.
● 5%: 5 km round trip, by van (lorry <7.5t, EURO 3 with utilisation ratio of 20%6; UUIDaea613ae-573b-443a-aba2-6a69900ca2ff)
● 33%:noimpactmodelled
98
Table22:Distributiontransportationforthesubcategory“Athoreca”(capitalsindicatethoseprocessesexpectedtoberunbythecompany)
Processandkey
parameter*
Defaultdata Defaultdataset,UUIDand
DQR
Mostrelevant[Y/N]Modeof
transport
Distance(km)
Actualpayload(tonnes)
Emptyreturnrate(-)
FROMWATERFACTORYTOCUSTOMERDEPOT/DISTRIBUTIONCENTER
Truck40t 500 -
-
Articulatedlorrytransport,Euro 4, Totalweight>32t|diesel driven,Euro4, cargo|consumptionmix, toconsumer|morethan32tgrossweight /24,7t payloadcapacity {EU-28+3}UUID:938d5ba6-17e4-4f0d-bef0-481608681f57SeeAppendix3fornodeand
DQR
Y
Fromdistributioncentertopointofsale
Truck3.5t–20t(maxiload5.4tonnes)
100(delivery
round,i.e.,50kmonaverage)
4.330 0.530 Articulatedlorrytransport,Euro4,Totalweight7,5-12t(withoutfuel)dieseldriven,Euro4,cargoconsumptionmix,toconsumer7,5t-12tgrossweight/5t
N
30UETR
99
Processandkey
parameter*
Defaultdata Defaultdataset,UUIDand
DQR
Mostrelevant[Y/N]Modeof
transport
Distance(km)
Actualpayload(tonnes)
Emptyreturnrate(-)
payloadcapacityUUID:8d5157a3-8922-4c0c-9dd9-df8a71c5b7d5SeeAppendix3fornodeandDQR
Table23:Distributiontransportationforthesubcategory“Attheoffice”(capitalsindicatethoseprocessesexpectedtoberunbythecompany)
Processandkey
parameter*
Defaultdata Defaultdataset,UUIDand
DQR
Mostrelevant[Y/N]Modeof
transport
Distance(km)
Actualpayload(tonnes)
Emptyreturnrate(-)
FROMWATERFACTORYTOCUSTOMERDEPOT/DISTRIBUTIONCENTER
Truck40t 200 -
-
Articulatedlorrytransport,Euro 4, Totalweight>32t|diesel driven,Euro4, cargo|consumptionmix, toconsumer|morethan32tgrossweight /24,7t payloadcapacity {EU-28+3}UUID:938d5ba6-17e4-4f0d-bef0-481608681f57
Y
100
SeeAppendix3fornodeand
DQR
Fromdistributioncentertopointofsale
Truck3.5t–20t(maxiload5.4tonnes)
100(delivery
round,i.e.,50kmonaverage)
4.331 0.230 Articulatedlorrytransport,Euro4,Totalweight7,5-12t(withoutfuel)dieseldriven,Euro4,cargoconsumptionmix,toconsumer7,5t-12tgrossweight/5tpayloadcapacityUUID:8d5157a3-8922-4c0c-9dd9-df8a71c5b7d5SeeAppendix3fornodeand
DQR
N
Theinformationforthestorageatdistributioncenterandatretailer(onlyrelevantforthecategory“OtherChannels”)duringthedistributionaremainlydefaultdatabasedonPEFGuidanceVersion6.3,section7.15.1andsection7.15.2.Thefollowingelementsareincludedinthisdataset:electricityusage,energyconsumption,wateruseandwastewatertreatment.(SeeSection5.9forfurtherdetailsonelectricitymodelling).DetailsareprovidedinTable24below.Additionalelementsareincludedinthisdataset,andarepresentedinAppendix3togetherwiththedefaultEF-compliantdatasetstobeusedasbackgroundandtheircorrespondingUUIDandDQR.Table24EnergyandrefrigerantconsumptionatDCsandatretail
31UETR
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Parameter Persurfacearea(perm2.year)
Volumeofproductsstoredpersurfaceareaofbuilding
Pervolumeproductstored(perm3.year)
GeneralelectricityconsumptionatDC 30kWh AnaverageDCof30’000m2canstore60’000m3ofproducts
15kWh
GeneralenergyatDC(naturalgasburnedinboiler)
360MJ 180MJ
Generalelectricityconsumptionatretail(generalenergyconsumptionfortheentirebuildingsurface)
300kWh32 Anaverageretailerof2'000m2canstore2’000m3ofproducts
300kWh
Averagestoragetimesatthedistributioncentreandattheretailershallbebasedonprimarydatawhenavailable.Whennoprimarydataareavailable,theaveragedefaultstoragetimespresentedinTable25shallbeused.Inaddition,avolumefactorhastobeapplied,whichtakesintoaccountthefactthatmorespacethantheactualvolumeoftheproductitselfisneeded,AveragevolumefactorsforambientproductstoragearepresentedinTable25(source:PEFGuidanceVersion6.3).TheambientstoragevolumeiscalculatedaccordingtoEquationbelow: v}~�/ÄÅÇÅÉÑÖÜ/áÉàâ}/ = äÉàâ}/ÉãÅℎ/çÑÉéâèÅêvá/ÑÖÜ/áÉàâ}/ãÖèÅÉÑ Table25:Distribution:storageatdistributioncenter/customerdepotandatretailer(capitalsindicatethoseprocessesexpectedtoberunbythecompany)
Processandkeyparameters Unit
Defaultdata
Mostrelevantprocess[Y/N]
Distributioncenter/customerdepot
Storageduration #weeks 4 N
Averagevolumefactor [-] 4 N
Volumeoftheproduct m3 - N
Retailer* Storageduration #weeks 4 Y
Averagevolumefactor32 [-] 4 N
Volumeoftheproduct m3 - Y
32Note:thePackedWaterTSconsidersthedefaultvaluesforretailstorage(i.ageneralenergyconsumptionof300kWh/m2•yearfortheentirebuildingsurfaceandii.astoragevolumeratioattheretailercalculatedas4timestheproductvolumeaccordingtoGuidanceVersion6.3)areoverestimatedaccordingtopackedwatercontext.
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Inaddition,anaveragelossrateshallbetakenintoaccountforthelossesduringthedistributionstage(overallconsolidatedvaluefortransportation,storageandretailplace),andisadefaultvaluebasedonPEFGuidanceVersion6.3,AnnexH,forthecategory“otherbeverages”.Theaveragelossratetobeconsideredfordistributionstageis1%.Thoselossestranslatetoanincreaseinpackedwaterproductiontocompensatefortheactualamountofpackedwaterthatmustbeproducedtoachievethefunctionalunit,andtothetreatmentofthecorrespondingwaste.Theaveragelossratefordistributionstageshallthereforebemodelledasfollows:
• Theadditionalpackedwaterwaterproductionneededtocompensateforthelossrateatdistributionstage:
o Theimpactsrelatedtothelossratesshallbemodelledas1%ofthePackagingmaterialsandManufacturingstageinputsandoutputs
o Thoseimpactscanbecalculatedusingthefollowingequation:
ëíìîïñìóòïìôöõôîîñúïù = 0.01×ë†ú°¢ú£ìö£§úïùñìúõî+ 0.01×ë•úöò¶ú°ïòñìö£
Where:EDistributionlossrate:specificemissionsandresourcesconsumed(perfunctionalunit)relatedtothelossratesatdistributionstageEPackagingmaterials:specificemissionsandresourcesconsumed(perfunctionalunit)forthelifecyclestage“Packagingmaterials”
EManufacturing:specificemissionsandresourcesconsumed(perfunctionalunit)forthelifecyclestage“Packagingmaterialstage”
• Thewastetreatmentrelatedtothoselossesaremodelledaccordingtoend-of-lifedatapresentedinsection6.5.
TheapplicantshallreporttheDQRvalues(foreachcriterion+total)forallthedatasetsused.Thewasteofproductsduringthedistributionandretailshallbeincludedinthemodelling.
6.4 UsestageThissectiongivesthedetailsontheusestageforthethreesubcategoriesandthecorrespondingrepresentativeproducts.The life cycle stage “Use” includes the chilling operations at final user, the gas emissions ofcarbonatedwater,butalsoglass(ifany)productionanddishwashing.Thedatatobecollectedanddefaultdata(whenrelevant)arelistedinthetablesbelowforprimarypackaging,secondarypackagingandtertiarypackaging.
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Thefollowingdefaultsub-processesweremodelledaccordingtospecicationsofthePEFGuidancev6.3:
• Beverageglassproductionandend-of-life,foruseatconsumerhomeorathoreca|flintglassproductionandend-of-lifetreatment|marketmix|
• Dishwashingatconsumerhome(1washingcycle)|domesticdishwasheruse|marketmix|• Refrigeratedstorageatconsumerhome(1litre-day)|domesticfridgeuse|marketmix|
Thedataformodellingthosethreesub-processesandthedefaultEF-compliantdatasetstobeusedasbackgroundandtheircorrespondingUUIDandDQRfortheprocessesarepresentedinAppendix3.Ithastobenoticedthat,accordingtosection5.9,theelectricitymixtobeusedforthedatasets“Dishwashingatconsumerhome”andfor“Refrigeratedstorageatconsumerhome”shallbethecountry-specificconsumptiongridmix(rulesformodellingtheconsumptiongridmixarepresentedinsection5.9).
Table26Usestage(capitalsindicatethoseprocessesexpectedtoberunbythecompany)
Process and keyparameters
Unit
Defaultdata Defaultdataset,UUIDandDQR
Mostrelevantprocess[Y/N]
“Otherchannels”
“Athoreca” “Attheoffice”
Glass orplasticcupproduction andend-of-life
Useofglass Glass/lpackedwater
Ifaglassisused,2.7(PEFGuidanceVersion6.3)Thisdefaultvalueisnotrelevantforsomeeasily
transportableanduseableformats(mainlyfora“onthego”application)whicharecharacterizedbyan
easyopeningandwitharathersmallformatadaptedtoonesingledrinker.
Defaultsub-process:Beverageglassproductionandend-of-life,foruseatconsumerhomeorathoreca|flintglassproductionandend-of-lifetreatment|marketmix|(SeeAppendix3)
N
Type ofglassorcup
n/a - - - N
Weight ofglass
g 260gforglassorceramiccup(PEFGuidanceVersion6.3)
N
Type ofend-of-lifetreatment
L Forwashableglass:defaultvalueforthematerialconsidered(AnnexCofPEFGuidanceVersion6.3)
-
N
Glasswashing
Type ofglasswashing forwashableglass
n/a Dishwashing,withanallocationfortheglassof2.5%ofonecycle(PEFGuidanceVersion6.3)
Defaultsub-process:Dishwashingat
Y
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Process and keyparameters
Unit
Defaultdata Defaultdataset,UUIDandDQR
Mostrelevantprocess[Y/N]
“Otherchannels”
“Athoreca” “Attheoffice”
consumerhome(1washingcycle)|domesticdishwasheruse|marketmix|
Gasemissions ofcarbonatedwater
Gasemissionsofcarbonatedwater
g/lcarbonatedwater
-(Correspondstotheamountofgasperliterof
carbonatedwater)
Seesection5.1.4
N
Chillingoperations atfinaluser
Storageduration
day(s) 1.0 1.0 1.0 Defaultsub-process:Refrigeratedstorageatconsumerhome(1litre-day)|domesticfridgeuse|marketmix|
N
Productchilled
% 30% 100% 100% N
Volume infridge
Ifstoredinfridge:consider3xtheactualproductvolume(Source:PEFGuidanceVersion6.3)
N
ElectricityconsumptionforHOD
kWh/l.day ofchilledproduct
n/a - - Seesection5.1.4
Y
Inaddition,anaveragelossrateshallbetakenintoaccountforthelossesatfinaluser(atconsumer,atrestaurant,attheoffice…),andisadefaultvaluebasedonPEFGuidanceVersion6.3,AnnexH,forthecategory“otherbeverages”.Theaveragelossratetobeconsideredatfinaluseris5%.Thoselossestranslatetoanincreaseinpackedwaterproductiontocompensatefortheactualamountofpackedwaterthatmustbeproducedtoachievethefunctionalunit,andtothe
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treatmentofthecorrespondingwaste.Theaveragelossratefortheusestageshallthereforebemodelledasfollows:
• Theadditionalpackedwaterwaterproductionneededtocompensateforthelossrateatusestage:
o Theimpactsrelatedtothelossratesshallbemodelledas1%ofthePackagingmaterialsandManufacturingstageinputsandoutputs
o Thoseimpactscanbecalculatedusingthefollowingequation:ëßîùõôîîñúïù = 0.05×ë†ú°¢ú£ìö£§úïùñìúõî + 0.05×ë•úöò¶ú°ïòñìö£
Where:EUselossrate:specificemissionsandresourcesconsumed(perfunctionalunit)relatedtothelossratesattheusestage(atfinaluser)EPackagingmaterials:specificemissionsandresourcesconsumed(perfunctionalunit)forthelifecyclestage“Packagingmaterials”
EManufacturing:specificemissionsandresourcesconsumed(perfunctionalunit)forthelifecyclestage“Packagingmaterialstage”
• Thewastetreatmentrelatedtothoselossesaremodelledaccordingtoend-of-lifedatapresentedinsection6.5.
TheapplicantshallreporttheDQRvalues(foreachcriterion+total)forallthedatasetsused.Fortheusestagetheconsumptiongridmixshallbeused.TheelectricitymixshallreflecttheratiosofsalesbetweenEUcountries/regions.Todeterminetheratioaphysicalunit shallbeused (e.g.numberofpiecesorkgofproduct).Wheresuchdataarenotavailable,theaverageEUconsumptionmix(EU-28+EFTA),orregionrepresentativeconsumptionmix,shallbeused.
Thewasteofproductsduringtheusestageshallbeincludedinthemodelling.
6.5 PackagingendoflifeTheEnd-of-Lifestageisalifecyclestagethatingeneralincludesthewasteoftheproductinscope,suchasthefoodwaste,primarypackaging,ortheproductleftatitsendofuse.Theprocessestobetakenintoaccountfortheendoflifearethetreatmentofallthecomponentsofprimary,secondaryandtertiarypackaging,andcorrespondstotheexactsamelistofmaterialsas for the life cycle stage “Packagingmaterials”. The data to be considered for the end of lifetreatmentofthosedifferentmaterialsaredefaultdataprovidedintheAnnexCofthePEFGuidanceVersion6.3,exceptifbetterprimarydataareavailable.ThetransportfromcollectionplacetoEOLtreatmentisincludedinthelandfill,incinerationandrecyclingEF-compliantdefaultdatasets,whicharelistedinAppendix3togetherwiththeircorrespondingUUIDandDQR.
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Thevaluetobeusedarepresented inTable27below,anddetailedexplanationsarepresentedbelowthetable.
Table27ParametertobeusedforendoflifemodellinganddefaultvaluetobeusedCategory ValueforR2 ValueforR3 Value for A
parameterValue for Bparameter
Values forXER,heat;XER,elec;ESE,heat; ESE,elec;andLHV
Primary ordefaultvalue?
Primary Default Default Default DefaultDefault data if noprimary data areavailable
Defaultdata 100% for HODsystems
AnnexCofthePEFGuidancev6.3
Section B6.1“Packagingmaterials” (or inspreadsheet “A -R1 - R2” of theAnnexCofthePEFGuidancev6.3)
0 IncludedintheEF-compliant defaultdatasets (seeAppendix 3together withtheircorrespondingUUIDandDQR).
Valuesreportedinspreadsheet “A -R1 - R2” of theAnnexCofthePEFGuidancev6.3
- ThevaluestobeusedforR2aredependentonthetypeofmaterialandarecountryspecific.
Company-specificR2values(measuredattheoutputoftherecyclingplant)shallbeusedwhenavailable.Ifnocompany-specificvaluesareavailable,application-specificR2valuesshallbeusedaslistedthespreadsheet“A-R1-R2”oftheAnnexCofthePEFGuidancev6.3.
o IfanR2valueisnotavailableforaspecificcountry,thentheEuropeanaverageshallbeused.
o IfanR2valueisnotavailableforaspecificapplication,theR2valuesofthematerialshallbeused(e.g.materialsaverage).
o IncasenoR2valuesareavailable,R2shallbesetequalto0ornewstatisticsmaybegeneratedinordertoassignanR2valueinthespecificsituation.
o ForthespecificcaseofHODsystems,R2shallbesetequalto100%(source:PlasticsEuropePolycarbonateCommittee);
- ThevaluestobeusedforR3arecountryspecificonly:defaultvaluesshallbeusedforR3forallthepackagingmaterialstreatedinthesamecountry,andareprovidedintheAnnexCofthePEFGuidancev6.3.
- ThevaluestobeusedforAaredependentonthetypeofmaterialonly.DefaultvaluesshallbeusedforA,andarelistedinsectionB6.1“Packagingmaterials”andinthespreadsheet“A-R1-R2”oftheAnnexCofthePEFGuidancev6.3;
- ThevaluetobeusedforBshallbeadefaultvalueandisequalto0;- ThevaluestobeusedforXER,heat;XER,elec,ESE,heat;ESE,elec;andLHVshallbedefaultvalues,and
are already included in the EF-compliant default datasets (see Appendix 3 together with theircorrespondingUUIDandDQR).
TheapplicantshallreporttheDQRvalues(foreachcriterion+total)forallthedatasetsused.
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Theendoflifeshallbemodelledusingtheformulaandguidanceprovidedinchapter5.11'Endoflifemodelling'ofthisPEFCRtogetherwiththeparameterslistedabove.Beforeselecting theappropriateR2value,anevaluation for recyclabilityof thematerial shallbedoneandthePEFstudyshallincludeastatementontherecyclabilityofthematerials/products.Thestatementontherecyclabilityshallbeprovidedtogetherwithanevaluationforrecyclabilitythatincludes evidence for the following three criteria (as describedby ISO14021:1999, section7.7.4'Evaluationmethodology'):
1. Thecollection,sortinganddeliverysystemstotransferthematerialsfromthesourcetotherecyclingfacilityareconvenientlyavailabletoareasonableproportionofthepurchasers,potentialpurchasersandusersoftheproduct;
2. Therecyclingfacilitiesareavailabletoaccommodatethecollectedmaterials;3. Evidenceisavailablethattheproductforwhichrecyclabilityisclaimedisbeingcollectedandrecycled.
Point 1 and 3 can be proven by recycling statistics (country specific) derived from industryassociationsornationalbodies.Approximationtoevidenceatpoint3canbeprovidedbyapplyingforexamplethedesignforrecyclabilityevaluationoutlinedinEN13430Materialrecycling(AnnexesAandB)orothersector-specificrecyclabilityguidelinesifavailable33.
Followingtheevaluationforrecyclability,theappropriateR2values(supply-chainspecificordefault)shallbeused.Ifonecriteriaisnotfulfilledorthesector-specificrecyclabilityguidelinesindicatealimitedrecyclabilityanR2valueof0%shallbeapplied.
Thereuseratedeterminesthequantityofpackagingmaterial(perproductsold)tobetreatedatendof life.Theamountofpackaging treatedatendof life shallbecalculatedbydividing theactualweightofthepackagingbythenumberoftimesthispackagingwasreused.
7 PEFresults
7.1 Benchmarkvalues
7.1.1 Characterisedbenchmarkvalues
Table28CharacterisedbenchmarkvaluesforRP1"Otherchannels"PETone-way1500ml-ImpactsperFU(100ml)Impactcategory Unit Lifecycleexcl.
usestageUsestage
Climatechange34 kgCO2eq 2.33E-02 4.96E-03Ozonedepletion kgCFC-11eq -1.99E-12 1.86E-11Particulatematter diseaseincidence 5.81E-10 2.05E-10Ionisingradiation,humanhealth kBqU235eq 3.48E-03 1.59E-03
33E.g.theEPBPdesignguidelines(http://www.epbp.org/design-guidelines),orRecyclabilitybydesign(http://www.recoup.org/)34Thesub-indicators'Climatechange-biogenic'and'Climatechange-landuseandlandtransformation'shallnotbereportedseparatelybecausetheircontributiontothetotalclimatechangeimpact,basedonthebenchmarkresults,islessthan5%each.
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Impactcategory Unit Lifecycleexcl.usestage
Usestage
Photochemicalozoneformation,humanhealth
kgNMVOCeq 5.95E-05 9.23E-06
Acidification molH+eq 7.51E-05 2.20E-05Eutrophication,terrestrial molNeq 2.78E-04 3.44E-05Eutrophication,freshwater kgPeq 2.26E-07 1.67E-06Eutrophication,marine kgNeq 2.64E-05 4.87E-06Landuse Dimensionless(pt) 1.26E-01 4.13E-02Wateruse m3worldeq 1.32E-02 3.83E-03Resourceuse,fossils MJ 3.86E-01 7.52E-02Resourceuse,mineralsandmetals kgSbeq 7.11E-07 9.38E-08
Table29CharacterisedbenchmarkvaluesforRP2"Athoreca"Glassbottlerefillable1000ml-ImpactsperFU(100ml)
Impactcategory Unit Lifecycleexcl.usestage
Usestage
Climatechange34above kgCO2eq 2.02E-02 5.45E-03Ozonedepletion kgCFC-11eq 3.11E-11 4.63E-11Particulatematter diseaseincidence 4.58E-10 2.20E-10Ionisingradiation,humanhealth kBqU235eq 1.55E-03 1.78E-03Photochemicalozoneformation,humanhealth
kgNMVOCeq 7.46E-05 1.00E-05
Acidification molH+eq 9.07E-05 2.35E-05Eutrophication,terrestrial molNeq 3.94E-04 3.72E-05Eutrophication,freshwater kgPeq 2.14E-07 1.67E-06Eutrophication,marine kgNeq 3.62E-05 5.15E-06Landuse Dimensionless(pt) 1.32E-01 4.47E-02
Wateruse m3worldeq 8.82E-03 3.89E-03Resourceuse,fossils MJ 2.78E-01 8.32E-02Resourceuse,mineralsandmetals kgSbeq -3.60E-09 9.56E-08
Table30CharacterisedbenchmarkvaluesforRP3"Attheoffice"HODPCrefillable5gallons-ImpactsperFU(100ml)
Impactcategory Unit Lifecycleexcl.usestage
Usestage
Climatechange34above kgCO2eq 7.95E-03 9.62E-03Ozonedepletion kgCFC-11eq 2.52E-11 2.39E-12Particulatematter diseaseincidence 1.49E-10 2.24E-10Ionisingradiation,humanhealth kBqU235eq 5.77E-04 2.66E-03Photochemicalozoneformation,humanhealth
kgNMVOCeq 2.56E-05 1.53E-05
Acidification molH+eq 2.94E-05 2.39E-05Eutrophication,terrestrial molNeq 1.34E-04 5.04E-05Eutrophication,freshwater kgPeq 1.17E-07 5.93E-08Eutrophication,marine kgNeq 1.24E-05 4.96E-06Landuse Dimensionless(pt) 3.66E-02 4.95E-02
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Impactcategory Unit Lifecycleexcl.usestage
Usestage
Wateruse m3worldeq 8.62E-03 1.68E-03Resourceuse,fossils MJ 1.14E-01 1.91E-01Resourceuse,mineralsandmetals kgSbeq 3.42E-09 2.21E-09
7.1.2 Normalisedbenchmarkvalues
Table31NormalisedbenchmarkvaluesforRP1"Otherchannels"PETone-way1500ml-ImpactsperFU(100ml)Impactcategory Lifecycle
excl.usestageUsestage
Climatechange34above 3.01E-06 6.40E-07Ozonedepletion -8.54E-11 7.97E-10Particulatematter 9.12E-07 3.22E-07Ionisingradiation,humanhealth 8.24E-07 3.78E-07Photochemicalozoneformation,humanhealth 1.46E-06 2.27E-07Acidification 1.35E-06 3.96E-07Eutrophication,terrestrial 1.57E-06 1.94E-07Eutrophication,freshwater 8.84E-08 6.55E-07Eutrophication,marine 9.34E-07 1.72E-07Landuse 9.46E-08 3.09E-08Wateruse 1.15E-06 3.34E-07Resourceuse,fossils 5.91E-06 1.15E-06Resourceuse,mineralsandmetals 1.23E-05 1.62E-06
Table32NormalisedbenchmarkvaluesforRP2"Athoreca"Glassbottlerefillable1000ml-ImpactsperFU(100ml)
Impactcategory Lifecycleexcl.usestage
Usestage
Climatechange34above 2.61E-06 7.02E-07
Ozonedepletion 1.33E-09 1.98E-09
Particulatematter 7.20E-07 3.45E-07
Ionisingradiation,humanhealth 3.66E-07 4.22E-07Photochemicalozoneformation,humanhealth
1.84E-06 2.46E-07
Acidification 1.63E-06 4.23E-07
Eutrophication,terrestrial 2.22E-06 2.10E-07
Eutrophication,freshwater 8.39E-08 6.56E-07Eutrophication,marine 1.28E-06 1.82E-07
Landuse 9.89E-08 3.35E-08
Wateruse 7.69E-07 3.39E-07
Resourceuse,fossils 4.26E-06 1.27E-06Resourceuse,mineralsandmetals -6.22E-08 1.65E-06
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Table33NormalisedbenchmarkvaluesforRP3"Attheoffice"HODPCrefillable5gallons-ImpactsperFU(100ml)Impactcategory Lifecycle
excl.usestageUsestage
Climatechange34above 1.03E-06 1.24E-06Ozonedepletion 1.08E-09 1.02E-10Particulatematter 2.35E-07 3.52E-07Ionisingradiation,humanhealth 1.37E-07 6.31E-07Photochemicalozoneformation,humanhealth
6.30E-07 3.78E-07
Acidification 5.29E-07 4.31E-07Eutrophication,terrestrial 7.58E-07 2.85E-07Eutrophication,freshwater 4.57E-08 2.32E-08Eutrophication,marine 4.37E-07 1.76E-07Landuse 2.74E-08 3.71E-08Wateruse 7.52E-07 1.46E-07Resourceuse,fossils 1.74E-06 2.93E-06Resourceuse,mineralsandmetals 5.91E-08 3.81E-08
7.1.3 7.1.3Weightedbenchmarkvalues
Table34WeightedbenchmarkvaluesforRP1"Otherchannels"PETone-way1500ml-ImpactsperFU(100ml)
Impactcategory Unit Lifecycleexcl.usestage
Usestage
Climatechange34above Pt 6.67E-07 1.42E-07Ozonedepletion Pt -5.77E-12 5.38E-11Particulatematter Pt 8.70E-08 3.07E-08Ionisingradiation,humanhealth Pt 4.43E-08 2.03E-08Photochemicalozoneformation,humanhealth Pt 7.47E-08 1.16E-08Acidification Pt 8.98E-08 2.63E-08Eutrophication,terrestrial Pt 6.14E-08 7.60E-09Eutrophication,freshwater Pt 2.61E-09 1.93E-08Eutrophication,marine Pt 2.91E-08 5.38E-09Landuse Pt 7.96E-09 2.61E-09Wateruse Pt 1.04E-07 3.01E-08Resourceuse,fossils Pt 5.27E-07 1.03E-07Resourceuse,mineralsandmetals Pt 9.93E-07 1.31E-07Total Pt 2.69E-06 5.30E-07
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Table35WeightedbenchmarkvaluesforRP2"Athoreca"Glassbottlerefillable1000ml-ImpactsperFU(100ml)
Impactcategory Unit Lifecycleexcl.usestage
Usestage
Climatechange34above Pt 5.79E-07 1.56E-07Ozonedepletion Pt 9.00E-11 1.34E-10Particulatematter Pt 6.87E-08 3.29E-08Ionisingradiation,humanhealth Pt 1.97E-08 2.26E-08Photochemicalozoneformation,humanhealth
Pt 9.37E-08 1.26E-08
Acidification Pt 1.08E-07 2.81E-08Eutrophication,terrestrial Pt 8.70E-08 8.23E-09Eutrophication,freshwater Pt 2.48E-09 1.93E-08Eutrophication,marine Pt 4.00E-08 5.69E-09Landuse Pt 8.33E-09 2.82E-09Wateruse Pt 6.95E-08 3.06E-08Resourceuse,fossils Pt 3.80E-07 1.14E-07Resourceuse,mineralsandmetals Pt -5.02E-09 1.34E-07Total Pt 1.45E-06 5.67E-07
Table36WeightedbenchmarkvaluesforRP3"Attheoffice"HODPCrefillable5gallons-ImpactsperFU(100ml)
Impactcategory Unit Lifecycleexcl.usestage
Usestage
Climatechange34above Pt 2.27E-07 2.75E-07Ozonedepletion Pt 7.30E-11 6.91E-12Particulatematter Pt 2.24E-08 3.35E-08Ionisingradiation,humanhealth Pt 7.35E-09 3.39E-08Photochemicalozoneformation,humanhealth Pt 3.21E-08 1.93E-08Acidification Pt 3.52E-08 2.86E-08Eutrophication,terrestrial Pt 2.96E-08 1.11E-08Eutrophication,freshwater Pt 1.35E-09 6.86E-10Eutrophication,marine Pt 1.36E-08 5.48E-09Landuse Pt 2.31E-09 3.12E-09Wateruse Pt 6.79E-08 1.32E-08Resourceuse,fossils Pt 1.55E-07 2.61E-07Resourceuse,mineralsandmetals Pt 4.77E-09 3.08E-09Total Pt 6.00E-07 6.89E-07
7.2 PEFprofileTheapplicantshallcalculatethePEFprofileofitsproductincompliancewithallrequirementsincludedinthisPEFCR.ThefollowinginformationshallbeincludedinthePEFreport:
- fulllifecycleinventory;- characterisedresultsinabsolutevalues,forallimpactcategories(includingtoxicity;asatable);
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- normalisedandweightedresultinabsolutevalues,forallimpactcategories(includingtoxicity;asatable);
- theaggregatedsinglescoreinabsolutevaluesTogetherwiththePEFreport,theapplicantshalldevelopanaggregatedEF-compliantdatasetofitsproductinscope.ThisdatasetshallbemadeavailableontheEFnode(http://eplca.jrc.ec.europa.eu/EF-node).Thedisaggregatedversionmaystayconfidential.
7.3 AdditionaltechnicalinformationN/A
7.4 AdditionalenvironmentalinformationBiodiversityisconsideredasrelevantforthisPEFCR:Yes.ProducerswhoapplythisPEFCRshouldindicateifthecompanyfollowsaspecificprogramintermsofprotectingandmonitoringthecatchmentareas.Keyinformationregardingtheprogramshallbedescribed,e.g.,protectioneffortsputinplaceincludelimitinghumanactivitywitharelevantimpacttotheenvironment,banningtheuseofpesticidesandreplacingthemwithnaturalfarmerpractices,limitingtheusageofundergroundwaterasirrigationwaterandimprovedfarmingtechniquesandorganic agriculture, which represents benefit for ecosystem quality (biodiversity) compared toconventionalpractices.Forinstance,iftherequirementsandguidelinesoutlinedin“GuidetogoodhygienicpracticesforpackagedwaterinEurope”(EFBW2012)arefollowed,theyshouldbereported.Themostrelevantsectionsofthisreferencedocumentarereportedherebelow.Inaddition,ifaspecificstandardisfollowed(forexample,thestandarddevelopedbytheEuropeanCentreforMineralWaterResearch(CERAM)),thekeyinformationrelatedtothisstandardshouldbereported.
8 VerificationThe verification of an EF study/report carried out in compliance with this PEFCR shall be doneaccordingtoallthegeneralrequirementsincludedinSection8ofthePEFCRGuidanceVersion6.3andtherequirementslistedbelow.Theverifier(s)shallverifythattheEFstudyisconductedincompliancewiththisPEFCR.TheserequirementswillremainvaliduntilanEFverificationschemeisadoptedatEuropeanleveloralternativeverificationapproachesapplicabletoEFstudies/reportareincludedinexistingornewpolicies.Theverifier(s)shallvalidatetheaccuracyandreliabilityofthequantitativeinformationusedinthecalculationofthestudy.Asthiscanbehighlyresourceintensive,thefollowingrequirementsshallbefollowed:
• theverifiershallcheckifthecorrectversionofallimpactassessmentmethodswasused.Foreachofthemostrelevantimpactcategories,atleast50%ofthecharacterisationfactors(foreachofthemost
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relevantEFimpactcategories)shallbeverified,whileallnormalisationandweightingfactorsofallICsshallbeverified.Inparticular,theverifiershallcheckthatthecharacterisationfactorscorrespondtothoseincludedintheEFimpactassessmentmethodthestudydeclarescompliancewith35;
• all the newly created datasets shall be checked on their EF compliancy (for the meaning of EFcompliantdatasetsrefertoAnnexHoftheGuidance).Alltheirunderlyingdata(elementaryflows,activitydataandsubprocesses)shallbevalidated;
• theaggregatedEF-compliantdatasetoftheproductinscope(meaning,theEFstudy)isavailableontheEFnode(http://eplca.jrc.ec.europa.eu/EF-node).
• for at least 70% of themost relevant processes in situation 2 option 2 of the DNM, 70% of theunderlyingdatashallbevalidated.The70%datashallincludeallenergyandtransportsubprocessesforthoseinsituation2option2;
• foratleast60%ofthemostrelevantprocessesinsituation3oftheDNM,60%oftheunderlyingdatashallbevalidated;
• foratleast50%oftheotherprocessesinsituation1,2and3oftheDNM,50%oftheunderlyingdatashallbevalidated.
Inparticular, itshallbeverifiedfor theselectedprocesses if theDQRof theprocesssatisfiestheminimumDQRasspecifiedintheDNM.Theselectionoftheprocessestobeverifiedforeachsituationshallbedoneorderingthemfromthemostcontributingtothelesscontributingoneandselectingthosecontributinguptotheidentifiedpercentagestartingfromthemostcontributingones.Incaseofnon-integernumbers,theroundingshallbemadealwaysconsideringthenextupperinteger.Thesedatachecksshallinclude,butshouldnotbelimitedto,theactivitydataused,theselectionofsecondarysub-processes,theselectionofthedirectelementaryflowsandtheCFFparameters.Forexample,ifthereare5processesandeachoneofthemincludes5activitydata,5secondarydatasetsand10CFFparameters,thentheverifier(s)hastocheckatleast4outof5processes(70%)and,foreachprocess,(s)heshallcheckatleast4activitydata(70%ofthetotalamountofactivitydata),4secondarydatasets(70%ofthetotalamountofsecondarydatasets),and7CFFparameters(70%ofthetotalamountofCFFparameters),i.e.the70%ofeachofdatathatcouldbepossiblesubjectofcheck.TheverificationoftheEFreportshallbecarriedoutbyrandomlycheckingenoughinformationtoprovidereasonableassurancethattheEFreportfulfilsalltheconditionslistedinsection8ofthePEFCRGuidance.
9 References BIER(2011)
BeverageindustryEnvironmentalRoundtable(BIER).APracticalPerspectiveonWaterAccountingintheBeverageSector.December2011.
35Availableat:http://eplca.jrc.ec.europa.eu/LCDN/developer.xhtml
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BIER(2013)
BeverageindustryEnvironmentalRoundtable(BIER).BeverageIndustrySectorGuidanceforGreenhouseGasEmissionsReporting.December2013.
Canadean(2013)
Canadean(2013).KeystatisticsgatheredbymarketresearchandavailableoftheofficialwebsiteofEFBW.http://www.efbw.eu/index.php?id=128.September2014.
CHEP(2014) CHEP(2014).Officialwebsite,http://www.chep.com/pallets/wooden-pallet-1200-x-1000-mm/.September2014.
EFBW(2012) EuropeanFederationofBottledWaters(EFBW).GuidetogoodhygienicpracticesforpackagedwaterinEurope.May2012.
EFBW(2013)
EuropeanFederationofBottledWaters(EFBW).DraftProductCategoryRulesfortypeIIIenvironmentaldeclaration;Watersnotsweetenednorflavoured.December2013.
EFBW(2014) EuropeanFederationofBottledWater(EFBW)(2014).Officialwebsite,http://www.efbw.eu/index.php?id=40.August2014.
EuropeanCommission(2013)
EuropeanCommission(2013).2013/179/EU:CommissionRecommendationof9April2013ontheuseofcommonmethodstomeasureandcommunicatethelifecycleenvironmentalperformanceofproductsandorganisations.OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanUnion,L124,Volume56,May4th,2013.http://eur-lex.europa.eu/JOHtml.do?uri=OJ:L:2013:124:SOM:EN:HTML
EuropeanCommission(2014)
EuropeanCommission(2014).EnvironmentalFootprintPilotGuidancedocument.GuidancefortheimplementationoftheEUProductEnvironmentalFootprint(PEF)duringtheEnvironmentalFootprint(EF)PilotPhase,v.4.0,May2014.Thelastversionavailablehasbeenconsideredinthisupdate,i.e.,“GuidancefortheimplementationoftheEUPEFduringtheEFPilotPhase”(version5.2).
EuropeanFoodSCPRoundTable(2013)
EuropeanFoodSustainableConsumptionandProduction(SCP)RoundTable(2013).ENVIFOODProtocol-EnvironmentalAssessmentofFoodandDrinkProtocol,Version1.0,November20th,2013.
EuropeanUnion(2009)
EuropeanUnion.Directive2009/54/ECoftheEuropeanParliamentandoftheCouncilof18June2009.OfficialJournaloftheEuropeanUnion,26.6.2009.
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Eurostat(2011) Eurostat(2011).Officialwebsite,http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/tgm/refreshTableAction.do;jsessionid=9ea7d07d30dc7045aaa40bd645b492f3b1c17823f3c4.e34MbxeSaxaSc40LbNiMbxeNbxaQe0?tab=table&plugin=1&pcode=ten00063&language=fr.August2014.
Eurostat(2012) Eurostat(2012).Officialwebsite,http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/tgm/refreshTableAction.do?tab=table&plugin=1&pcode=tsdpc240&language=en.August2014.
Humbertetal.(2009)
HumbertS,LoerincikY,RossiV,MargniM,JollietO(2009).Lifecycleassessmentofspraydriedsolublecoffeeandcomparisonwithalternatives(dripfilterandcapsulesespresso).JournalofCleanerProduction17,1351-1358.doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2009.04.011
IRI(2013) IRI(2013).InfoscanandBeverageWholesalers,Italy.
KaenzigandJolliet(2006)
KaenzigandJolliet(2006).Consommationrespectueusedel’environnement:décisionsetacteursclés,modèlesdeconsommation.Connaissancedel’environnementno0616.Officefédéraldel’environnement(OFEV).Berne.113p.2006.
Nielsen(2014) Nielsen(2014).Markets:Belgium,France,Germany,GreatBritain,Greece(excl.tobacconists),Hungary(excl.horeca),Italy,PolandandSpain.Period:12rollingmonthsendingApril2014.Scope:stillandsparklingwater.April2014.
PCIPETPackaging,Resin&RecyclingLtd(2014)
PCIPETPackaging,Resin&RecyclingLtd(2014).APCIReportforPETCOREandPlasticRecyclersEurope(PRE).PostconsumerPETrecyclinginEurope203andprospectsto2018.July2014.
TheInternationalEPD®System,Environdec(2014)
TheInternationalEPD®System,Environdec.LCA-labsrl(2014).ProductCategoryRules.Bottledwaters,notsweetenedorflavoured.February2014.
ZenithInternational(2014)
ZenithInternational(2014).EuropeanBotteldWaterMarketReport2014.March25th,2014.
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10 Appendices
ANNEX1–ListofEFnormalisationandweightingfactorsGlobalnormalisationfactorsareappliedwithintheEF.ThenormalisationfactorsastheglobalimpactperpersonareusedintheEFcalculations.
Impactcategory Unit Normalisa-
tionfactor
Normalisa-tionfactorperperson
Impactassess-ment
robustness
Inventorycoverage
completeness
Inventoryrobustness Comment
Climatechange kgCO2eq 5.35E+13 7.76E+03 I II I
Ozonedepletion
kgCFC-11eq
1.61E+08 2.34E-02 I III II
Humantoxicity,cancer CTUh 2.66E+05 3.85E-05 II/III III III
Humantoxicity,non-cancer
CTUh 3.27E+06 4.75E-04 II/III III III
Particulatematter
diseaseincidence
4.39E+06 6.37E-04 I I/II I/II
NFcalculationtakesintoaccounttheemissionheightbothintheemissioninventoryandintheimpactassessment.
Ionisingradiation,humanhealth
kBqU235
eq2.91E+13 4.22E+03 II II III
Photochemicalozoneformation,humanhealth
kgNMVOC
eq2.80E+11 4.06E+01 II III I/II
Acidification molH+eq3.83E+11 5.55E+01
II II I/II
Eutrophication,terrestrial molNeq 1.22E+12 1.77E+02 II II I/II
Eutrophication,freshwater kgPeq 1.76E+10 2.55E+00 II II III
Eutrophication,marine kgNeq 1.95E+11 2.83E+01 II II II/III
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Impactcategory Unit Normalisa-
tionfactor
Normalisa-tionfactorperperson
Impactassess-ment
robustness
Inventorycoverage
completeness
Inventoryrobustness Comment
Landuse pt 9.20E+15 1.33E+06 III II II
TheNFisbuiltbymeansofregionalisedCFs.
Ecotoxicity,freshwater CTUe 8.15E+13 1.18E+04 II/III III III
Wateruse m3world
eq7.91E+13 1.15E+04 III I II
TheNFisbuiltbymeansofregionalisedCFs.
Resourceuse,fossils MJ 4.50E+14 6.53E+04 III
I II
Resourceuse,mineralsandmetals
kgSbeq 3.99E+08 5.79E-02 III
WeightingfactorsforEnvironmentalFootprint Aggregated
weightingset
Robustnessfactors
Calculation Finalweightingfactors
WITHOUTTOXCATEGORIES (50:50) (scale1-0.1)
A B C=A*B Cscaledto100
Climatechange 15.75 0.87 13.65 22.19Ozonedepletion 6.92 0.6 4.15 6.75Particulatematter 6.77 0.87 5.87 9.54Ionizingradiation,humanhealth
7.07 0.47 3.3 5.37
Photochemicalozoneformation,humanhealth
5.88 0.53 3.14 5.1
Acidification 6.13 0.67 4.08 6.64Eutrophication,terrestrial 3.61 0.67 2.4 3.91Eutrophication,freshwater 3.88 0.47 1.81 2.95Eutrophication,marine 3.59 0.53 1.92 3.12Landuse 11.1 0.47 5.18 8.42Wateruse 11.89 0.47 5.55 9.03
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Aggregatedweighting
set
Robustnessfactors
Calculation Finalweightingfactors
WITHOUTTOXCATEGORIES (50:50) (scale1-0.1)
A B C=A*B Cscaledto100
Resourceuse,mineralsandmetals
8.28 0.6 4.97 8.08
Resourceuse,fossils 9.14 0.6 5.48 8.92
ANNEX2-Check-listforthePEFstudyEachPEFstudyshallincludethisannex,completedwithalltherequestedinformation.
ITEM Included in thestudy(Y/N)
Section Page
Summary
General informationabouttheproduct
General informationaboutthecompany
Diagramwith systemboundary andindication of thesituationaccordingtoDNM
Listanddescriptionofprocesses included inthe systemboundaries
List of co-products,by-products andwaste
List of activity dataused
List of secondary
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ITEM Included in thestudy(Y/N)
Section Page
datasetsused
Datagaps
Assumptions
Scopeofthestudy
(sub)category towhich the productbelongs
DQR calculation ofeachdatasetusedforthe most relevantprocesses and thenewonescreated.
DQR (of each criteriaandtotal)ofthestudy
Ifrelevantdescriptionofspecificprogramintermsofprotectingandmonitoringthecatchmentareas(see7.4)
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ANNEX3–LCIdataAnnex3isprovidedasthefollowingdocument:
• PEFCR-PackedWater_Version1-2018-04-23 - Life cycle inventory.xlsx, available at
http://ec.europa.eu/environment/eussd/smgp/PEFCR_OEFSR.htm
ThisExcelfileincludesthefollowing:• acomprehensivelistofsecondarydatasetsintheforegroundandbackgroundsystemstobe
usedifapplicablefortheproductinquestion;
• thegenericdatathatshallbeusedforeachprocessforeachlifecyclestageifnoprimary
dataareavailable;
• the DQR ratings for each dataset used as well as the DQRs calculated for the four
benchmarks;and
• informationonthenodestoaccessallEF-compliantdatasets.
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ANNEX4-CriticalreviewreportofthePEFCRAnnex4isprovidedasthefollowingdocumentwhichincludesallfindingsofthereviewprocessandtheactionstakenbytheTStoanswerthereviewercomments:
• PEFCR-PackedWater_Finalreviewreport_2018-03-12_V0.pdf”
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ANNEX5-OtherAnnexesAdditionalinformationrelatedtorepresentativeproductsusedinPEFCRdevelopmentCompleteEuropeanmarketdataarenotavailable36,neverthelessthefollowinginformation(e.g.,reflectingnationalsituation)relatedtothedifferenttypesofpackagingmaterialcanbeconsideredtojustifythechoicesproposedinthisdocument:
• “otherchannels”:thissub-categoryincludes“onthego”and“athome”.TheTechnicalSecretariatdecidedtomergethemintoaunique“otherchannels”sub-category.Atthisstage(accordingtoavailabledata)andsincehugedifferencesexistfromonemarkettoanotheroneinEurope(withmuchbiggerformatinthegeographiesintheSouthernpartofEurope),theTechnicalSecretariatdidnotbuildavirtualaverageproductandselectedasrepresentativeproductthe“PETone-way1.5L”forthissub-categorysinceitisbyfarthedominantformatinallcountries.Theanalysisabouttheamountofpackagingmaterialusedperlitershowsverylittlechangesfromoneformattoanotherone(e.g.,from“PETone-way0.5L”to“PETone-way1.5L”);buttoassessthepotentialinfluenceofthisparameter,theTechnicalSecretariatwillelaboratesomesensitiveanalysestomeasureimpactofformatsamongforthesamepackagingmaterial.Thedetailedinformationispresentedbelow:
o “onthego”:BasedonItaliandataaccordingtoIRI(2013)(ItalyrepresentsoneofthemostimportantmarketofpackedwaterproducersandconsumersinEurope),themarketsharesintermsofvolumes(i.e.,litersofwater)are:100%PET;otherpackagingmaterials(e.g.,glass,beveragecartonandaluminium)representslessthan1%.Accordingtothisinformation,thePETistherepresentativepackagingmaterial.ThemostdominantformatforPETinthissub-categoryisthe0.5L.Notethatmanyformatscouldbefoundinthissub-category;e.g.,“PETone-way0.25L”,“PETone-way0.33L”,“PETone-way0.50L”,“PETone-way0.75L”,“PETone-way1.00L”;theanalysisofpackagingmaterialusedperlitershowverylittlechangefromoneformattoanotherone.
o “athome”:BasedonItaliandataaccordingtoIRI(2013)(ItalyrepresentsoneofthemostimportantmarketofpackedwaterproducersandconsumersinEurope),themarketsharesintermsofvolumes(i.e.,litersofwater)are:99.70%PET;otherpackagingmaterials(e.g.,glass,beveragecartonandaluminium)representslessthan1%.Accordingtothisinformation,thePETistherepresentativepackagingmaterial.ThemostdominantformatforPETinthissub-categoryisthe1.5L.Notethatmanyformatscouldbefoundinthissub-category;e.g.,“PETone-way0.25L”,“PETone-way0.33L”,“PETone-way0.50L”,“PETone-way0.75L”,“PETone-way1.00L”,“PETone-way1.50L”,“PETone-way2.00L”,“PETone-way3.00L”,“PETone-way5.00L”,“PETone-way6.00L”,“PETone-way7.00L”,“PETone-way8.00L”;theanalysisofpackagingmaterialusedperlitershowverylittlechangefromoneformattoanotherone.
36Inparallel,effortsarestilltakingplacetofindEuropeandatatofurthersupportthechoicesoftheTechnicalSecretariat.
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• “athoreca”:BasedonItaliandataaccordingtoIRI(2013)(ItalyrepresentsoneofthemostimportantmarketofpackedwaterproducersandconsumersinEurope),themarketsharesintermsofvolumes(i.e.,litersofwater)are:55.44%glass,44.54%PET;otherpackagingmaterials(e.g.,beveragecartonandaluminium)representslessthan1%.It’snotstraightforwardtoidentifytherepresentativepackagingmaterialandhighdiscrepanciesareobserveddependingonthereference.Uptonow,theglassisconsideredtherepresentativepackagingmaterialaccordingtoexpertjudgment.Themostdominantformatforglassinthissub-categoryistherefillable1.0L.Atthisstageandsincehugedifferencesexistfromonereferencetoanotherone,andsignificantchangesfromonemarkettoanotheroneinEurope,theTechnicalSecretariatdidnotbuildavirtualaverageproductandselectedasrepresentativeproductthe“Glassrefillable1.0L”forthissub-categorysinceitisbyfarthedominantformatinallcountries.Notethatmanyformatscouldbefoundinthissub-category:“Glassone-way0.33L”,“Glassone-way0.50L”,“Glassone-way0.75L”,“Glassone-way1.00L”,“Glassrefillable0.33L”,“Glassrefillable0.50L”,“Glassrefillable0.75L”,“Glassrefillable1.00L”,“PETone-way0.50L”,“PETone-way0.75L”,“PETone-way1.00L”,“PETone-way1.50L”,“canone-way0.33L”.
• “attheoffice”:BasedoninformationprovidedbytheEuropeanWatercoolerAssociation(EWA),themarketismostlyrepresentedbyoneformat:the5gallons.Thenthepackagingmaterialusedinthatsegmentismainlyrepresentedbythepolycarbonate(PC).OtherPETblendedmaterialsaretestedinmanycountriesbutwithoutanystabilityinthechoiceoftheblendedmaterial,sotheTechnicalSecretariatdecidedtoexcludePETmaterialwaitingformoreinformationinthenearfutureofthemainchoiceoftheindustry.Thisiswhythefollowingrepresentativeproducthasbeenselectedforthissub-category:“HODPCrefillable5gallons”.
AccordingtoZenithInternational(2014),thepackagingmaterialsconsideredwiththeserepresentativeproductscoverabout99%ofthebottledwatersoldin2012:83%ofthebottledwatersoldinEU28wasinPET,12%wasinglassand5%wassoldinotherpackagingmaterialssuchasPC.AccordingtoNielsen(2014)andconsideringbothstillandsparklingwater,theclass“1.0L<x≤1.5L”(including“PETone-way1.5L”)represents44.3%ofthemarketintermsofvalueshare,theclass“0.75L<x≤1.0L”(including“Glassrefillable1.0L”)represents20.4%,theclass“x≤0.5L”(including“PETone-way0.5L”)represents14.7%andtheclass“x>10L”(including“HODPC5gallons”)representslessthan1%.Therest(i.e.,about21%)iscoveredbyotherformats,e.g.,0.6L,0.75L,2L,5L,....Inaddition,therepresentativeproductsselectedforthemainapplicationsaddressedtwokeysystems:theone-waysystems(“PETone-way1.5L”)andtherefillablesystems(“Glassrefillable1.0L”and“HODPC5gallons”).Atthisstage,thedataregardingtheprimarypackagingrefersmainlytostillwater.AccordingtoCanadean(2013),in2013thestillwaterrepresentsabout60%oftheEuropeanmarket.Stillwaterisconsideredforthe“HODPCrefillable5gallons”;andamixcomposedby40%ofcarbonatedwaterisconsideredforthe“PETone-way1.5L”and“Glassrefillable1.0L”.Source:IRI,InfoscanandBeverageWholesalers(2013).
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Table37Italianmarketsharespertypeofpackagingmaterialsforthesub-categories“otherchannels”(including“onthego”and“athome”)and“athoreca”intermsofvolumessoldin2013accordingtoIRI(2013)
Table38Italianmarketsharesperpackedwaterproductforthesub-categories“otherchannels”(including“onthego”and“athome”)and“athoreca”intermsofvolumessoldin2013accordingtoIRI(2013)