production of bio coal by briquetting of agricultural wastes
TRANSCRIPT
Production of Bio Coal by Briquetting of Agricultural Wastes
Anshul Garg 1, Shivraj Singh1, Anita1, Rajiv Arora1, Amit Arora 1* 1 Department of chemical engineering, Shaheed Bhagat Singh State Technical Campus, Firozpur, Punjab, India 152004
* Corresponding Author E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract: The nature of briquettes as far as thickness and strength relies upon the physical properties of the
feedstock and briquetting conditions without binders. In this study, the briquettes are made up of cow dung,
stubble, wood powder and rice husk. Sample in varying proportion of biomasses were prepared and their
influence on properties such as compressive strength, density and moisture content was investigated. Primary
reason to include stubble in briquettes is that to limit the stubble issue. It was found that the strength of the
briquette increases with the decrease in the size of the particle. The moisture content of the briquette with rice
husk was maximum and the compressive strength of the briquettes was found to be of satisfactory range.
Keywords: Cow dung, Stubble, Wood Powder, Rice Husk, Briquettes
I. INTRODUCTION
Numerous new open doors for Bio-coal improvement are happening because of various synchronous elements
including the increasing expense of oil, gaseous petrol and power, the requirement for vitality asset security and
environmental change. Making fuel briquettes is a hard and messy work which isn't sensible for everyone. The
enthusiasm for briquettes is there and there is money to be made. Once the biomass briquettes have been made,
they are cleaner and smokeless than the bunch biomass; - that is the reason various people like them.
A. Briquettes A briquette is a square of compacted coal dust, charcoal residue, sawdust, wood chips or biomass, and is utilized
as a fuel in stoves and boilers. To shape charcoal residue into briquettes, an agglomerating material is added to
the biomass residue and after that weight is connected to the blend to frame a briquette. Charcoal isn't care for
earth. Biomass is a material without versatility and can't be form into shape without including a coupling
material. Biomass is plant matter used to create power with steam turbines and gasifies or deliver warm, more
often than not by coordinate ignition. The Biomass Briquetting is the best sustainable power source for sound
condition and economy. Bio Coal Briquetting plants are of different sizes which changes over farming waste
into strong powers. Briquettes are prepared substitute of Coal/wood in modern kettle and block furnace for
warm application.
II. LITERATURE SURVEY
Guojie Zhang et al. (2018) portrayed that Briquette folio assumes a key part during the time spent briquette
creation. Distinctive kinds of briquette require diverse briquette fastener. The quality and execution of briquette
additionally rely upon the nature of briquette folio. Folio utilized as a part of briquetting procedure can be
separated into inorganic cover, natural fastener and compound fastener. Nonetheless, a noteworthy issue
emerging from the use of inorganic folio is identified with the fiery debris expanded in huge sum. The inorganic
fasteners have numerous fantastic points of interest, for example, plentiful asset, ease, astounding canteen
capacity and great hydrophobicity.
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Volume 7, Issue IX, September/2018
ISSN NO: 2236-6124
Page No:631
The natural covers have numerous magnificent focal points, for example, great holding, great ignition execution
and low cinder. Yet, natural folio is anything but difficult to break down and consume when it was warmed, so
the mechanical quality and warm soundness of natural cover b1riquette are poor, and its cost is high.. The
compound folio can make full utilization of the upsides of a wide range of cover, for example, it can decrease
the providing measure of inorganic fastener, lessen the cost of natural fastener, enhance the nature of briquettes,
and show signs of improvement execution of briquettes. The composite fasteners are made out of two covers at
any rate; the distinctive folio assumes the diverse part. This survey will cover briquette fastener writing. Because
of numerous variables contemplating for briquettes process, up to the present, no uniform component has been
created to tackle briquette generation. The illumination of briquetting component of briquette cover isn't just
can give a hypothetical premise to folio advancement, yet additionally can give informational hypothesis to
briquette mechanical generation. There are five primary speculations of non-cover briquetting components:
bituminous theory, humic corrosive theory, fine theory, colloid speculation and bond atoms theory individually.
Be that as it may, those theories can't completely clarify the briquetting issues about lignite. There are three
principle hypotheses fastener briquetting components from the perspective of collaboration of folios and the
pummeled coal: strong extension associating, electrostatic fascination and fluid scaffold interfacing separately. In
this paper, the procedure of non-cover briquetting component and briquetting system with folio is likewise
evaluated [1].
P. A. Bhavsar et al. (2018) This paper deals with analysis of non woody biomass briquetted fuel made from
grass, mango leaves, cashew leaves, rice husk, rice bran, cow dung and waste flour. The ten combination with
different proportion of raw biomass grass, mango leaves, cashew leaves, rice husk, rice bran, dry cow dung and
waste flour
T1(42:0:0:8:20:20:10),T2(0:42:0:8:20:20:10),T3(0:0:42:8:20:20:10),T4(28:14:0:8:20:20:10),T5(28:0:14:8:20:20:10),T
6(0:28:14:8:20:20:10),T7(14:28:0:8:20:20:10),T8(0:14:28:8:20:20:10),T9(14:0:28:8:20:20:10),T10(14:14:14:8:20:20:1
0) were used during the study. Volatile matter varied from 71.13 to 77.4 per cent, Ash content of mixed raw
biomass varied from 7.73 to 9.95 per cent and average fixed carbon was varied from 6.93 to 11.59 per cent. The
moisture content of dried briquetted fuel was found to be in the range of 6.87 to 9.20 per cent. It was observed
that the maximum higher calorific value (HCV) of (4339.2 kcal kg-1) found in T3 (0:0:42:8:20:20:10)
combination. Average density of briquettes and degree of densification was found to be 254 kg m-3 and 23.84
per cent respectively. The maximum average shatter resistance and tumbling resistance was 85.19 percent and
99.35 percent respectively in T3 combination. Also average energy density ratio was found to be 1.37[2].
Yuli Pratiwi egt al. (2018) In present work, briquettes are produced from waste sawdust mango wood. Briquettes
have a sized cube shape 5x5x5 cm. The purpose of this research is to know the quality of sawn mango waste
briquette waste composed of particle of 10 mesh, 20 mesh, 30 mesh and 3% adhesive variation, 4%, 5%, 6%,
7%. based on SNI Standard (Standard National Indonesia) Wood Charcoal Quality Standard No.1 / 6235/2000.
While based on adhesive variation showed optimal results on briquettes composed of 30 mesh particle size with
6% adhesive, which resulted in water content 2.07%, ash content 7.52%, heat value 6198.41 cal / g, was in
accordance with SNI Standard. The result of the research based on the variation of particle size of briquette
making agent of sawn timber waste briquette, showed optimal result according to SNI Standard, on briquettes
composed of 30 mesh particle size, water content 2.04%, ash content 6.65%, heating value 6135.35 Cal/g.[3]
M.Yugandhar et al.(2011) With the growth of population there is an enormous increase in the utilization of
power which mainly depends on the fossil fuels i.e., coal. The utilization also doubled from the past. And also
the municipal and solid wastage also increases which causes the problem of dumping. Hence in order to utilize
the effective usage of the fossil fuels and also to solve the dumping problem we need to go for alternate sources
of energy which was formed from the municipal and solid wastages.
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ISSN NO: 2236-6124
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Hence the concept of Bio-Briquettes was introduced. Briquettes were prepared by saw dust, agriculture wastes,
etc. In this paper we prepared briquettes with palm powder along with the coconut coir. Both are mixed in
different ratios. Then they were analyzed for calorific value, proximate and ultimate analysis and also calculated
the heat release rate[4].
J. O. Chaney et al. (2010) Densifying waste product buildups into biomass briquettes can give an elective family
unit strong fuel, particularly in provincial territories. They can be fabricated mechanically and on a little rustic
scale utilizing a basic hand-squeeze, making them additionally extremely suitable for poorer groups. Contrasted
and wood, biomass briquettes are interesting in that they give chance to control in the assembling procedure the
fuel thickness, dampness substance, size and geometry. And additionally the materials properties, every one of
these components have been appeared to significantly affect biomass consume rates. For a specific stove and
cooking circumstance it is valuable to have the capacity to enhance the unfaltering state consume rate and limit
the emanations, enhancing proficiency and diminishing introduction to smoke for those in the family unit. This
paper shapes some portion of an examination looking to better comprehend and later streamline biomass
briquettes for various cooking circumstances. Here, preparatory consequences of a parametric report are
introduced for the variety of consistent state ignition rate with the thickness and geometry of a biomass
briquette, consuming in free air. Results are given for rectangular briquette pieces and for barrel shaped
briquettes with a focal gap. A straightforward semi-exact model is introduced that clarifies the pattern in the
outcomes. It is discovered that tube shaped briquette with gaps copy speedier than pieces with a comparable
surface region to volume proportion. A briquette of thickness 276 161 kgm−3, with a tallness of 30 mm, an
outer breadth of 70mm and interior gap distance across of 25 mm would have an A/V proportion of 0.15 mm
−1 and a mass of 27.8 g, hence, as indicated by line in. it will have a standardized consume rate of 0.0015 s−1
giving a consistent state consume rate for a solitary briquette of 0.042 gs−1. Changing the stature of this
briquette to 45mm would diminish the territory/volume proportion to 0.13 mm−1, bringing about a
diminishing in consume rate to 0.02 gs−1, a lessening of more than half. This obviously exhibits the importance
of A/V proportion in briquette outline [6].
III. MATERIAL AND METHODOLOGY A. Material
Feedstock was sourced nearby the Shaheed Bhagat Singh State Technical Campus, Ferozepur. Biomass, starch,
aluminum foil paper, wood powder, rice husk, sieve shaker, stubble.
B. Sample collection
Mainly biomass collected from the Satyawala, Village, Ferozepur. Biomass is organic material which has stored
sunlight in the form of chemical energy. The calorific value of the biomass is 18-21 MJ per kg. Cow dung is also
an optional ingredient in the manufacture of adobe mud brick housing depending on the availability of materials
at hand. The cow dung is rich in methane gas. Cow dung is the undigested residue of plant matter which has
passed through the animal's gut.
Fig 3.1: - Cow dung Biomass
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C. Stubble
Stubble is taken from the Satyawala, Ferozpur which have the calorific value is 2400 Kcal/Kg Stubble is main
problem in Punjab and Haryana. People burns stubble in Punjab and Haryana. India has a major agribusiness
sector which achieved remarkable successes over the last three or four decades. India is an agricultural driven
economy where more than 50% population is engaged in cultivation of agricultural products. India is one of the
leading countries in production of crops such as wheat, rice, sugarcane and many more. with million tons of
agriculture crops producing every year, it also produces tons of agriculture waste.
Fig 3.2: - Stubble
D. Wood powder
Wood powder is also taken from the workshop of the SBSSTC college. The calorific value of the wood is 1500-
3500 kcal/kg.. Wood powder is commonly used as a filler in thermosetting resins such as Bakelite, and in
linoleum floor coverings. All high quality wood powder is made from hardwoods because of its durability and
strength.
Fig 3.3: -Wood Powder
E. Rice husk
Rick is also taken from the Satyawala, Ferozpur having the calorific value 3000 kcal/kg. The moisture content
ranged from 8·68 to 10·44%, and the bulk density ranged from 86 to 114 kg./ m3.
Fig 3.4:- Rice Husk
F. Experimental Procedure
First we took the biomass and then dry at room temperature and then used the grind machine to make small
pieces of biomass and using the sieve shaker we get different particle size of biomass having particle size ranges
from 0.355mm to 4mm. our aim is to get the compressive strength by using very small particle of biomass in
order to get the strength. We choose the screening plate no BSS 44 to get the particle size 0.355 mm.
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Fig 3.5 :- Powder form of Biomass
Then the second step is to get the stubble in powdered form because to grind the stubble is very tough because
it is flexible in nature. For the stubble we use the grinder to make the small particle the stubble also pass from
sieve shaker to get the small particle and we get 0.355 mm particle size of stubble.
Fig 3.6:- Powder form of Stubble
Similarly we get 0.355mm particle size of the rice husk and the wood powder using the grinder. Grinder helps to
get the particle size easy.
Fig 3.7:- Powder form of Wood Powder
Fig 3.8: - Powder form of Rice Husk
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ISSN NO: 2236-6124
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Using these powder we make the 9 different samples as follows :
S. No. Biomass(g) Stubble(g)
1. 10 5
2. 7.5 7.5
Table 3.1: - Biomass + Stubble
S.No. Biomass(g) Stubble(g) Rice Husk(g)
3. 5 5 5
4. 7 3 5
5. 6 4 5
Table 3.2: Biomass + Stubble + Rice husk
S.No. Biomass(g) Stubble(g) Wood Powder(g)
6. 5 5 5
7. 7 3 5
8. 6 4 5
Table 3.3:- Biomass + Stubble + Wood powder
S.No. Biomass(g) Stubble(g) Wood Powder(g) Rice Husk(g)
9. 4 4 4 4
Table 3.4:- Biomass + Stubble + Wood powder+ Rice Husk
Then using the briquetting machine we put all the 9 samples in the briquetting machine by applied the force
15kg/mm2 to make the briquette. We put the water as binder which helps to combine the raw material we
mainly used 15ml of the water.
After the briquetting the samples are prepared.
Fig 3.9
Sample 1. In this sample having 50-50% of biomass and stubble
Fig 3.10
Sample 2. In this sample there is having 60% of the biomass and 40% of stubble is mix.
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Fig 3.11
Sample 3. There is mixture of biomass, stubble and rice husk
Fig 3.12
Sample 4. There is mixture of biomass, stubble and rice husk
Fig 3.13
Sample 5. There is mixture of biomass, stubble and rice husk
Fig3.14
Sample 6. There is mixture of biomass, stubble and wood powder.
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Fig 3.15
Sample 7. There is mixture of biomass, stubble and wood powder.
Fig 3.16
Sample 8. There is mixture of biomass, stubble and wood powder.
Fig 3.17
Sample 9 There is mixture of biomass, stubble and wood powder and rice husk.
After this we dry the entire briquette in room temperature then the moisture content was found.
1. Moisture content
The Percentage moisture was calculated through standard CEN/TS 14774 Method. Oven drying of 3g of
briquette sample at 105±2◦C till the constant mass was obtained was performed. The change in weight D after
16-24 hrs was then utilized for calculating the percentage moisture as per the following formula:
PMC =D/E ×100, [2]
where E is weight before drying initially. After this the density is find out.
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2. Density
Density plays an important role in briquette. We find the density of briquette is because of storage. With the
density of briquette, we can predict that how much space is needed for briquette storage and the we can predict
that how much the effect of atmosphere is occurred on briquette. The Standard method CEN/TS 15103 [6] was
followed for calculating the density of the briquettes. The bulk density (dry basis) was calculated as per the
following formulae
Density =m/V
where m is the mass of the briquette, V is volume of the Container.
After this the volume and area of the briquette is found out.
3. Compressive Strength
After this the compressive strength is find out the compressive strength is varying from 7.9kN to 11.2kN.
The compressive strength = force applied/area of briquette.
IV RESULTS
Strength is the main parameter and strength is depending upon the particle size and the what type of raw
material we have taken. In this paper the nine sample of briquette is prepared with some variable ratio of
biomass, stubble, wood powder and rice husk.
In 1-2 sample only biomass and stubble is mix in 2:1 and 1-1
Next 3-5 sample the biomass, stubble, rice husk is taken in ratio of same ratio of 5:5:5, 7:3:5, 6:4:5
Next 6-8 sample the biomass, stubble, wood powder is taken in ratio of 5:5:5, 7:3:5, 6:4:5.
In last sample all raw material is taken in ratio if 1:1:1:1.
Every results of briquette is vary with the change in the proportion.
A. Moisture content
Percentage moisture content is calculated by using CNY/TS 14774 Method.
The first sample contains 49.33% in which only biomass and stubble is mixed. But no change occurs when we
change the ratio of biomass and stubble. In 2nd sample mainly the moisture content is about 49.53%.
Simply 3rd sample mainly biomass, stubble, rice husk is mixed in which the moisture content is low as
comparison of sample 1-2. The moisture content vary from 47.43% to 49.53%.
In sample 6 to 8 the biomass stubble and wood powder is mixed in which the moisture content is low as
comparison to others mainly the moisture content varies from 49.05% to 45.06%. it represents the wood
powder does not contain too much water so that moisture content is low.
In the last sample all the raw material is mixed so that why the moisture content goes very low and the moisture
content is about 38.66%. S.
NO
COMPONENTS MOISTURE CONTENT UNITS
1. Sample 1 49.33 %
2. Sample 2 49.53 %
3. Sample 3 47.43 %
4. Sample 4 52.30 %
5. Sample 5 49.53 %
6. Sample 6 49.06 %
7. Sample 7 48.06 %
8. Sample 8 45.06 %
9. Sample 9 38.66 %
Table 4.1 Moisture Content
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ISSN NO: 2236-6124
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The graphical representation of moisture content is
Fig 4.1 :-
B. Density
Density plays an important role in briquette. We find the density of briquette is because of storage. With the
density of briquette, we can predict that how much space is needed for briquette storage
The density of first sample is about 294.4kg/m
sample the density is about 282.0kg/ m
In the 3rd to 5th sample we mix the biomass, stubble and rice
181.4 kg/ m3 because rice husk decreases the density of briquette. And the density of 3
comparison of first two samples.
From 6th to 8th sample we mix the stubble, biomass, and the wood powder.
201.5kg/ m3 to 256.3 kg/ m3.In the last sample all the raw material is mix in the ratio and density is about 306.5
kg/ m3. The table of all sample’s density is
S. NO COMPONENTS
1. Sample 1
2. Sample2
3. Sample3
4. Sample4
5. Sample5
6. Sample 6
7. Sample 7
8. Sample 8
9. Sample 9
49.33
47.43
49.06
40
42
44
46
48
50
52
54
moisture1,4,7
mo
istu
re p
erc
en
tage
Moisture Content of Briquette
bio+stubble
The graphical representation of moisture content is
- Graph Representation of Moisture Content
Density plays an important role in briquette. We find the density of briquette is because of storage. With the
density of briquette, we can predict that how much space is needed for briquette storage
The density of first sample is about 294.4kg/m3. In which only the biomass and stubble is mix and in the 2
sample the density is about 282.0kg/ m3. In 2nd sample the ratio is change in stubble and biomass.
sample we mix the biomass, stubble and rice husk. The density is varying from 324.5kg
rice husk decreases the density of briquette. And the density of 3
sample we mix the stubble, biomass, and the wood powder. T
.In the last sample all the raw material is mix in the ratio and density is about 306.5
The table of all sample’s density is
COMPONENTS Density UNITS
294.4 Kg/ m3
282.0 Kg/ m3
324.5 Kg/ m3
345.0 Kg/ m3
181.4 Kg/ m3
201.5 Kg/ m3
190.1 Kg/ m3
256.3 Kg/ m3
306.5 Kg/ m3
Table 4.2 :- Density Table
49.53 49.43
52.3
49.0648.06
45.06
moisture 2,5,8 moisture 3,6,9
Moisture Content of Briquette
bio+stubble bio+stubble+rice bio+stubble+wood
Density plays an important role in briquette. We find the density of briquette is because of storage. With the
density of briquette, we can predict that how much space is needed for briquette storage
ch only the biomass and stubble is mix and in the 2nd
sample the ratio is change in stubble and biomass.
The density is varying from 324.5kg/m3 to
rice husk decreases the density of briquette. And the density of 3rd to 5th sample is low as
The density is varying from
.In the last sample all the raw material is mix in the ratio and density is about 306.5
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
bio+stubble+wood
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Volume 7, Issue IX, September/2018
ISSN NO: 2236-6124
Page No:640
The comparison of density with the others raw material is shown below. The graphical representation of density.
Fig
C. Compressive Strength
The 3rd main result is about the compressive strength.
Sample 1 show that compressive strength is 55.39 kg/cm
any binder. In this sample the mainly the biomass and
strength of 49.74 Kg/cm2
Sample 3 showed compressive strength
sample 2. Sample 5 and 4 showed the similar results.
Sample 6 having the compressive strength
which revealed that wood powder is having
compressive strength is also low because of the wood powder.
In sample 9 the compressive strength is 53.60kg/cm
which showed better result. S. NO COMPONENTS
1. Sample 1
2. Sample2
3. Sample3
4. Sample4
5. Sample5
6. Sample 6
7. Sample 7
8. Sample 8
9. Sample 9
294.4324.5
201.5
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
density1,4,7
DEN
SITY
IN K
G/M
2
Biomass+Stubble
The comparison of density with the others raw material is shown below. The graphical representation of density.
Fig 4.2 :- Graph Representation of Density
main result is about the compressive strength.
that compressive strength is 55.39 kg/cm2. And it is the highest strength in the results without
any binder. In this sample the mainly the biomass and stubble. Similarly, the sample 2 also show
strength of 48.61kg/cm2 which is less than as comparison of sample 1 and
the similar results.
Sample 6 having the compressive strength of 40.39kg/cm2 which is very less as compar
is having less compressive strength property. In sample 7 and sample 8 the
compressive strength is also low because of the wood powder.
In sample 9 the compressive strength is 53.60kg/cm2. Because in this sample there is having all the
COMPONENTS Compressive strength UNITS
55.39 Kg/cm
49.74 Kg/cm
48.61 Kg/cm
47.44 Kg/cm
36.99 Kg/cm
40.39 Kg/cm
32.09 Kg/cm
43.52 Kg/cm
53.60 Kg/cm
Table 4.3:- Compressive strength
282 280
345
181.4190.1
256.3
density2,5,8 density3,6,9
Density of Briquette
Biomass+Stubble bio+stu+rice bio+stubble+wood
The comparison of density with the others raw material is shown below. The graphical representation of density.
. And it is the highest strength in the results without
the sample 2 also showed compressive
which is less than as comparison of sample 1 and
very less as compared to other results
less compressive strength property. In sample 7 and sample 8 the
. Because in this sample there is having all the raw material
UNITS
Kg/cm2
Kg/cm2
Kg/cm2
Kg/cm2
Kg/cm2
Kg/cm2
Kg/cm2
Kg/cm2
Kg/cm2
bio+stubble+wood
International Journal of Research
Volume 7, Issue IX, September/2018
ISSN NO: 2236-6124
Page No:641
The graphical representation of compressive strength. That show how much difference between the
compressive strength when we use different raw material.
Fig 4.3 :- Graph Representation of Compressive Strength
The present study is in agreement with earlier studies carried in the literature Juan Arevalo et al. (2017) [7],
Noorfidza Y Harun. Et al. (2016)[8], David K Chirchir et al.(2013)[9] and Pongsak Jittabut et
1. The present results that the strength of the briquette is increase with the decrease in the size of the particle.
2. The compressive strength of the briquette varied from 34.02 to 55.36 kg/cm
sufficient for the briquette.
3. The compressive strength of the briquette using the biomass, rice husk, and the wood powder is better in
comparison to the stubble.
4. The density of the various samples is varied from 181.3 to 306.3kg/m
in density by using the stubble, biomass.
5. The moisture content of the various samples is varied from 38.33% to 52.0% and it was revealed that the
moisture content of the briquette using rice husk has shown the maximum moisture content be
property of absorbing the water.
REFERENCES
[1] Zhang, G., Sun, Y. and Xu, Y., 2018. Review of briquette binders and briquetting mechanism.
Energy Reviews, 82, pp.477-487.
[2] Bhavsar, P.A., Khandetod, Y.P., Mohod, A.G., Dh
Briquetted Fuel.
[3] Pratiwi, Y., Prasetyo, H. and Indraprasta, Y., Utilization of Waste Sawdust Mango Wood for Fuel Briquettes as Alternative
Energy Sources.
[4] Yugandhar, M., Kumar, P.D. and Jayanth,
53.39
48.61
40.39
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
compressive strength 1,4,7
cOM
PR
ESSI
VE
STR
ENG
TH I
N K
G/C
M2
bio+stubble
The graphical representation of compressive strength. That show how much difference between the
compressive strength when we use different raw material.
Graph Representation of Compressive Strength
The present study is in agreement with earlier studies carried in the literature Juan Arevalo et al. (2017) [7],
Noorfidza Y Harun. Et al. (2016)[8], David K Chirchir et al.(2013)[9] and Pongsak Jittabut et
V. CONCLUSIONS
The present results that the strength of the briquette is increase with the decrease in the size of the particle.
The compressive strength of the briquette varied from 34.02 to 55.36 kg/cm2 without the binder which is
The compressive strength of the briquette using the biomass, rice husk, and the wood powder is better in
The density of the various samples is varied from 181.3 to 306.3kg/m3 and it was observed that
in density by using the stubble, biomass.
The moisture content of the various samples is varied from 38.33% to 52.0% and it was revealed that the
moisture content of the briquette using rice husk has shown the maximum moisture content be
Zhang, G., Sun, Y. and Xu, Y., 2018. Review of briquette binders and briquetting mechanism.
Bhavsar, P.A., Khandetod, Y.P., Mohod, A.G., Dharaskar, R.M. and Dhande, K.G., Analysis of Non woody Biomass
Pratiwi, Y., Prasetyo, H. and Indraprasta, Y., Utilization of Waste Sawdust Mango Wood for Fuel Briquettes as Alternative
B.K., BIO BRIQUETTES AS ALTERNATE FUEL.
49.7447.44
32.09
compressive strength 1,4,7 compressive strength 2,5,8 compressive strength 3
Compressive Strength
bio+stubble bio+stubble+rice bio+stubble+wood
The graphical representation of compressive strength. That show how much difference between the
Graph Representation of Compressive Strength
The present study is in agreement with earlier studies carried in the literature Juan Arevalo et al. (2017) [7],
Noorfidza Y Harun. Et al. (2016)[8], David K Chirchir et al.(2013)[9] and Pongsak Jittabut et al.(2015)[10].
The present results that the strength of the briquette is increase with the decrease in the size of the particle.
without the binder which is
The compressive strength of the briquette using the biomass, rice husk, and the wood powder is better in
and it was observed that there is increase
The moisture content of the various samples is varied from 38.33% to 52.0% and it was revealed that the
moisture content of the briquette using rice husk has shown the maximum moisture content because of its
Zhang, G., Sun, Y. and Xu, Y., 2018. Review of briquette binders and briquetting mechanism. Renewable and Sustainable
araskar, R.M. and Dhande, K.G., Analysis of Non woody Biomass
Pratiwi, Y., Prasetyo, H. and Indraprasta, Y., Utilization of Waste Sawdust Mango Wood for Fuel Briquettes as Alternative
B.K., BIO BRIQUETTES AS ALTERNATE FUEL.
51.36
36.99
43.52
compressive strength 3
bio+stubble+wood
International Journal of Research
Volume 7, Issue IX, September/2018
ISSN NO: 2236-6124
Page No:642
[5] Chaney, J.O., Clifford, M.J. and Wilson, R., 2010. An experimental study of the combustion characteristics of low-density biomass
briquettes. Biomass magazine,1.
[6] Kers, J., Kulu, P., Aruniit, A., Laurmaa, V., Križan, P., Šooš, L. and Kask, Ü., 2010. Determination of physical, mechanical
and burning characteristics of polymeric waste material briquettes. Estonian Journal of Engineering, 16(4), pp.307-316.
[7] Arévalo, J., Quispe, G. and Raymundo, C., 2017. Sustainable Energy Model for the production of biomass briquettes based on
rice husk in low-income agricultural areas in Peru. Energy Procedia, 141, pp.138-145
[8] Harun, N.Y. and Afzal, M.T., 2016. Effect of particle size on mechanical properties of pellets made from biomass
blends. Procedia engineering, 148, pp.93-99.
[9] Chirchir, D.K., Nyaanga, D.M. and Githeko, J.M., 2013. Effect of Binder Types and Amount on Physical and combustion
characteristics. International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, 2.
[10] Jittabut, P., 2015. Physical and thermal properties of briquette fuels from rice straw and sugarcane leaves by mixing
molasses. Energy Procedia, 79, pp.2-9.
International Journal of Research
Volume 7, Issue IX, September/2018
ISSN NO: 2236-6124
Page No:643