project cycle management (pcm) & logical framework analysis (lfa)

1Process Consultants and Moderators

Programme Cycle Management


PREVIOUS: USAID, US GTZ, Germany ODA, UK NORAD, Norway DANIDA, Denmark Interco-operation, Swiss ABOS, Belgium UNDP FAO DG VIII (ACP) DG XIII (Tech. Transfer) DG I (ALA / MED)

RECENT INTRODUCTIONS PCM: DGCS - Min. of Foreign Affairs, Italy ICEX - Min of Industry, Spain Sida, Sweden UNIDO, Vienna FINNIDA - Min. of Foreign Affairs, Finland HELLASCO, Greece DG I (TACIS) DG XIX and others WWF Int.. Federation of Red Cross

“HISTORY” OF PCM


AID triangle

Beneficiaries (Problems) OBJECTIVES

Administrators

MEANS

Policy makers POWER

Financial Control Evaluation

Policies Politics

QUANTITY QUALITY

Present Future


Why IMPROVE the management of the project cycle?

REDUCE CONFUSION Have a real dialogue Standardise concepts Simplify procedures Introduce common methods Standardise formats Set standards and

quality criteria

BE MORE EFFECTIVE Involve and commit

stakeholders Align expectations Improve transparency Unveil decision taking Save time in process Reach objectives !!


INDICATIVE PROGRAMMING

IDENTIFICATION

FORMULATION (APPRAISAL)

FINANCING

IMPLEMENTATION

EVALUATION



IDENTIFICATION


FINANCING

IMPLEMENTATION

EVALUATION



IDENTIFICATION


FINANCING

IMPLEMENTATION

EVALUATION

Pre-feasibility study

(relevance)


(relevance)

Strategy document / Indicative

Programme


Programme

Verification of idea & ToR(problem analysis)

Verification of idea & ToR(problem analysis)

Workshop

?



IDENTIFICATION


FINANCING

IMPLEMENTATION

EVALUATION


(relevance)


(relevance)

(draft) financing proposal


Assessment& ToR

Assessment& ToR Workshop

?



IDENTIFICATION


FINANCING

IMPLEMENTATION

EVALUATION



Financing agreement /

contract


contract

Assessment& Instruction


Financing proposal

Financing proposal



IDENTIFICATION


FINANCING

IMPLEMENTATION

EVALUATION


contract


contract

End of project report






Monitoring reports

Monitoring reports

Workshops ?

Financing proposal

Financing proposal



IDENTIFICATION


FINANCING

IMPLEMENTATION

EVALUATION



Evaluation report /

LESSONS

Evaluation report /

LESSONS




(relevance)


(relevance)


contract


contract


Programme


Programme

Assessment& ToR

Assessment& ToR

Verification idea & ToR(problem analysis)

Verification idea & ToR(problem analysis)





Monitoring reports

Monitoring reports

Workshop

?

Financing proposal

Financing proposal



IDENTIFICATION


FINANCING

IMPLEMENTATION

EVALUATION

Evaluation report /

LESSONS

Evaluation report /

LESSONS




Programme


Programme

Workshop

?


Programme Cycle Management

=Portfolio management


PURPOSE OF APPLYING PCM

PLAN(LogFrame)

IMPROVED SITUATION

“Brilliant idea”



“POOR”PRESENT SITUATION

PLAN(LogFrame)

IMPROVED SITUATION

ANALYSISneeds?

problems!Bias



“POOR”PRESENT SITUATION

PLAN(LogFrame)

IMPROVED SITUATION

ANALYSISproblems!

functional relationships

SUPPLIERS RECIPIENTS


Justifying the activity

Reasoning from the activities upwards

Increased income

Increased production

Extension provided


SubsidySubsidy

Enhanced production

Enhanced production

Raised income

Raised income

Competitionmore

efficient

Competitionmore

efficient

Shortage of skilled

workers

Shortage of skilled

workers

Workerstrained

Workerstrained


Objective Oriented Planning

“FORKING”

Increased income

Increased production

Reduced inflation

Profitable farm gate

price


MODEL STRUCTURE OBJECTIVE TREE

Income / Health / Performance

Utilisation

Services / products / deliverables

Institutional arrangements

Means (funds, staff, equipment)

Policy

Development

Activities / procedures

Wellbeing

Economic / social / cultural growth


FROM OBJECTIVE TREE TO PLANNING

Income / Health / Performance

Utilisation

Services / products / deliverables

Institutional arrangements

Means (funds, staff, equipment)

Policy

Development

Activities/procedures

Wellbeing

Economic / social / cultural growth

IN Intervention logic

OUT Assumptions

Overall Objectives

Project Purpose

Results

Activities

Means

Pre-conditions

Means/ assumptions

Assumptions

Assumptions

Assumptions


Project intervention + Assumptions

Results Assumptions

Assumptions Activities

Preconditions

Overall Objectives

Project Purpose Assumptions

IN OUT

+

+

+


Logical Framework Matrix

OverallObjectives

Project Purpose

Results

Activities

O.V.I.’s

O.V.I.’s

S.o.V.’s

S.o.V.’s

Assumptions

Assumptions

Assumptions

Pre-conditions

Means Costs


Planning starts at the Project Purpose:

Expresses improvements experienced by beneficiaries

Why the beneficiaries need the project the utilisation of the services (results)

provided by the project


Results:

Expresses objectives received by the beneficiaries

What ‘services’ will be received by the beneficiaries

not only delivered by the intervention / project (Outputs)


Designing sustainable projects

Start up "Construction" Operat./mainten. Sustainable use

Existing situation

Planning

Postive/negative factors for

sustainability

Result

Result

Result

Project Purpose

Identify factors for sustainability in the planning phase and adjust plan accordingly

ben

efit

s

time


Factors affecting sustainability

1. Policy support 2. Appropriate technology 3. Environmental protection 4. Socio-cultural aspects; women in

development 5. Institutional and management

capacity 6. Economic and financial viability



IDENTIFICATION


FINANCING

IMPLEMENTATION

EVALUATION

Feasibility

Study

Pre-feasibility

study

Financing

proposal

Financing

agreement

Plan of

Operations

Monitoring

reports

End-of-project

report

National / Regional

Indicative

Programme

Review report (Mid-term or

inter phase)

Evaluation

reports

(End-of-project or

ex-post)

Sectoral / Country

Analysis


BASIC STANDARD FORMAT

1. Summary 2. Background 3. Intervention 4. Assumptions 5. Implementation 6. Factors ensuring sustainability 7. Monitoring and evaluation 8. Conclusions and proposals



IDENTIFICATION


FINANCING

IMPLEMENTATION

EVALUATION

Feasibility

Study

Pre-feasibility

study

Financing

proposal

Financing

agreement

Plan of

Operations

Monitoring

reports

End-of-project

report

Evaluation

reports

(End-of-project or

ex-post)

NIP / RIP

Identification Workshop

Review workshop

Start-up workshop

Assessment

Assessment

ToR

Programming

Workshop

ToR

ToR

= Documents = Workshops = Assessments

Review report (Mid-term or

inter phase)


SIX ESSENTIAL MESSAGES OF PCM

Adhere to phases in the cycle Increase the involvement of beneficiaries Prepare consistent project design Consider sustainability issues in planning Aim at transparency in documentation Create a framework for learning


Quality Criteria for Planning and Evaluation

Procedures and transparency Relevance and Utility Feasibility and Effectiveness Sustainability (Cost-effectiveness?)


Contribution of PCM towards aid effectiveness

?

CLIENT ORIENTATION(Beneficiaries)

PLANNING FORCOMPREHENSIVE PACKAGE

& SUSTAINABILITY

TRANSPARENCYof Documents

P C M ?

Quality Management(Decision taking)

Improved Aid Effectiveness


May I wish you all the success with the application of these PCM concepts and tools !

Hopefully these will contribute to Hopefully these will contribute to you becoming even a better you becoming even a better

professional !professional !

project cycle management (pcm) & logical framework analysis (lfa)

Business