Industrial Project Report

-: Prepared by :-

1. SOLANKI BHAVESH B. - 132

2. RAVALIYA SHUBHAM J. - 128

3. BHATIYA ASHVIN K. - 62

4. RAM YOGESH M. - 45

5. RAVALIYA RAMESH K. - 57

-: institution :-

Shri M.D. Science college

Porbandar – 360575

Guided By :- PROF. L.M. VAGHELA

PROF. A.J. ROJIVADIYA

STUDENT’S INFORMATION

Name : 1) Solanki Bhavesh B.

2) Ravaliya Shubham J.

3) Bhatiya Ashvin K.

4) Ram Yogesh M.

5) Ravaliya Ramesh K.

Faculty : B.Sc. Sem-6

Subject : Industrial Project Report

Institute : Shri M.D. Science college

University : Saurashtra University

Exam No. : -

Academic year : 2014-2015

Guided by : PROF. L.M. VAGHELA

PROF. A.J. ROJIVADIYA

M.D.SCIENCE COLLEGE

PORBANDAR

CERTIFICATE This is to certify that Mr. (1) solanki bhavesh b.

(2) ravaliya shubham j.

(3) bhatiya ashvin k.

(4) ram yogesh m.

(5) ravaliya ramesh k.

A student of B.Sc. sem-6 has completed his industrial visit report with view of getting practical knowledge and prepared a project under our guidance and direction on the following unit

-: Guided by :-

(L.M.VAGHELA) (A.J. ROJIVADIYA)

Date :-

Principal :-

Academic year :- 2014-2015

PREFACE

It is accepted that each and every work has two aspects & this universal truth is also applicable so bar as eduction is concerned one syllabus also has two aspects, one is theoretical & another is practical. A part from theoretical practical is also important & plays a vital role in acquiring real knowledge

With very careful study, I tried my best to highlight & include all kinds of information regarding my selected topic.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The magic begins when we set goals. It has been then that the switch is turned on the current begins to flow & the power to accomplish becomes a reality.

It gives me a great pleasure in representing this industrial training report before you. I heartify gratitude to our prof. L.M. VAGHELA & prof. A.J. ROJIVADIYA who is your guide of industrial practical training & he has provided me valuable suggestion & excellent guidance about the industrial training which is very helpful to me to utilize my theoretical knowledge in practical field.

Your faithfully

Solanki Bhavesh B.

Ravaliya Shubham J.

Bhatiya Ashvin K.

Ram Yogesh M.

Ravaliya Ramesh K.

An Industrial Training Report

On

Index1. General Information

1.1 Introduction to Industries1.2 History and Development of the unit1.3 Size of unit and form of organization1.4 Products and manufacturing process1.5 Organization structure1.6 Time keeping system1.7 Employees services1.8 Contribution of the unit to the industry

2. Production information

2.2 Product planning 2.3 Market segmentation 2.4 Pricing policy 2.5 Channel of distribution 2.6 Sales promotion 2.7 Advertising 2.8 Marketing research 2.9 International marketing

General Information

.

1. General Information

1.1 Introduction to industries1.2 History and development of the unit1.3 Size of unit and form of organization1.4 Products and manufacturing process1.5 Organization structure1.6 Time keeping system1.7 Employees services1.8 Contribution of the unit to the industry

INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIES “A group of organizations which are producing same or similar

type of products are called Industry” Eg :- Steel industries bearing industries & natural refinaries,durgs and chemical industries etc.

The metallurgical and mineral industries provide the basic raw material for industrial development… india is a country with vast geographical diversities that provide a variety of minerial and metal resources. India has known deposits of over 2000 minerals, and currently produces about 90 minerals including metallic and fuet,and also some 20 minor minerials. The country’s mineral sector at present operating over 3300 active mines producting coal, iron ore,limestone,lignite,bauxite,copper,lead,zinc,etc..

The production per year is about 650 million tones contributing a whopping rs.60000 crores to the national economy. The sector emloyes 290 million workers in the organized and unorganized sector together..

Apart from this figure about 70 million workers are indirectly employed depending on mineral industry.. the government had introduced various mineral and mining policy resolutions including the minerals and metals (research and development) act to provide

adequate guidiences for the sustainable development of Indian mining industry.

There are over 2,326 private and 292 public operating mines in indial the mineral and metal from these mines contribute about 16 percent in india’s total exports. With the recent amendments and provisions in MM(R&D) act, October 1996, the minerals and mining sector, which was earlier reserved exclusively for the public sector, has now been opened up for the private sector and the investment in the industry are being encouraged. The government of india is making efforts to boost up the activities like research and making the mining and mineral’s industry more competitive.

India has around 20,000 known mineral deporsits and the geological potential in this regard is very substantial. The mining sector in india has already reached a high level of development. The majority (about 80%) of the mines are concentrated in the seven states of Andhra Pradesh, bihar, Orissa, Madhya Pradesh, rajashthan, Gujarat and karnatakka. To the total mineral production, the public sector companies operating in the indian mining industry contribute 100% of copper, diamnond, lead, silver and zinc and lignite, 98% of coal, 60% of iron ore and 50% of manganese, bauxite, chromate, and dolomite..

EXPORTS:

minerals (both in raw and processed form) constitute a significant portion of india’s exports trade..

diamond (mostly cut) continues to be largest constituent with 81% share of the Indian mineral exports.

IMPORTS

crude oil the largest constituent of imports with 42% (approx) share followed by diamonds (uncent)

EMPERGING CHALLANES IN MINING INDUSTRY:

technological challenges the technology being used in India is outdated and needs to be brought up to date.

Enviromental issues The threats and effects on the environment due to the varios functions of this industry constitute a growing concern.

Health and safety issues

The increasing number of accidents in the industry has posted a lot of health and safety issues for the workers in the sector.

History and Development of the Unit

HISTORY

History of the industry means base performance of the industry. Development of the industry mense new Unit reached in this stage by progress.

The company orient abrasives ltd. Was incorporated as larger scale industry in 12 november, 1971 by rajgarhia group

With collaboration of karborand electricals of Czechoslovakia.

It was established with the investment of 13 crores in while 6 crores was invested by owner & 7 crores was invested by public.

The company was incorporated to manufacture electron fushed mineral but after 9 years of operating i.e. in 1980 the company diversified plant by producing bonded abrasive plant in technical collaboration with tyrolit company of Australia.

Later the company development a new product by manufacturing super refractory using both electro fused mineral & synthetic refractory aggregates. The company at present is engaged in the production of the fused aluminium

Oxide grains claimed product bonded abrasives, refractory & monolithic. The company has large quality of raw matrials which they can use about 100 years.

At present the production of company is of 1200 tons as company to 300 tons of initial stage.

DEVLOPMENT Oriant Abrasives Limited was incorporated in 1971 but it begins work in the year the promoter of this unit is mr. H.G rajgarhia from rajasthan.

In starting the unit’s initial investment is Rs.13cr in whish, 6cr was invested by the owner and 7cr were invested by public. Orient abrasives limited was incorporated to manufacture electro fused minerals. But after a year operation i.e. in 1980 the company diversified plant by producing bonded abrasives plant in technical collaboration with TYROLIT company of Australia.

Size and form of the organizationsize of the unit:

we can easily understand the size of any organization by carefully studying it’s capital investment, preparation of workers, technology etc.

Generally, we categorize industrial organization under the following main heads:--

Small scale industries Medium scale industries Large scale industries

As per the government rules any company established with an investment of Rs. 1 crore or more than this, then it is considered as large or medium scale industries.

Orient abrasives ltd. Was established with investment of Rs. 13 crores & about 500 employees, so we can say that orient abrasives ltd. Is a large scale industries.

Form of the organization:

There are mainly five forms of organization such as sole proprietorship, partnership firm, co-operative society, company, public enterprise. “Orient Abrasives Ltd.” Is a public Ltd company.

Products and manufacturing process

Products The rajgarhia group has many plants at different location which are engaged in production of abrasives item. But the plant of porbandar at G.I.D.C. industrial area produced mainly three products – only this products we can take into consideration.

Calcined Bauxite Brown Fused Alumina Alumina Magnesia

Thus, the main product of orient abrasives limited are above. In India there are only three plants of abrasives grains, including this unit also.

Calcined Bauxite :-

Calcined Bauxite is used as raw material for manufacturing fused alumina and highalumina refractories.

Typical Chemical Analysis:-

Percentage of total in weight

Abrasive grade Refractory grade

Al2o3% min. 86.0% 84.0%Fe2o3% max. 4.0% 2.4%Sio2% max. 4.0% 4.5%Tio2% 4.5% 6.5%Cao% max. 0.8% 1.0%

Typical Physical Properties:-

Refractory gradeLOI%(Max.) 0.25Apparent porosity% 20MaxBulk Density% 3.05

Brown Fused Alumina:-

Brown fused alumina (BFA) is made from calcined bauxite. It is a hard and tough material, used in manufacturing of grinding wheels (both vitrified and resin bonded) and coated products. These grains are also used for shot blasting and as polishing media. Refractory grade BFA is used as a raw material in the manufacture of high alumina refractories. It is available in grit sizes as per FEPA for abrasive applications and group grits for refractory applications.

Typical chemical analysis:-

Percentage of total in weightAl2o3% min. 95.0%Fe2o3% max. 0.3%Sio2% max. 1.0%Tio2% 2.2-3.2%Cao% max. 0.8%

Typical Physical Properties:-

True specific gravity 3.9Hardness (moh’s scale) 9Magnetic (on magnetic analyser) 0.04-0.10

Alumina Magnesia:-

Alumina magnesia is manufactured from calcined alumina and calcined magnesite. It is used in manufacturing special refractories.

Typical chemical analysis:-

Percentage of total in weight

ALMAG/ Spinnel 10%

ALMAG/ Spinnel 22%

ALMAG/ Spinnel 30%

Al2o3% min. 88-90% 76-78% 70-72%Fe2o3% max. 0.1% 0.15% 0.3%Sio2% max. 0.3% 0.30% 0.75%Cao% max 0.3% 0.3% 0.6%MgO% 8-10% 21-22% 27-30%

Typical physical properties:-

ALMAG/ Spinnel 10%

ALMAG/ Spinnel 22%

ALMAG/ Spinnel 30%

True specific gravity

3.4-3.5 3.4-3.5 3.4-3.5

Products of this company has no expiry date & it is the latest men made material in the world, the product of this company is a producer’s goods and not consumer goods.

04.Breaking flow:-

After melting of raw material in furnishing when it comes out, it becomes a lump. There are total 6 lumps as an outcomes & each lumps has 10 tones of weight. There is one safe working load over the furnace plant which contain25.5 tones of weight foe safe transfer of lumps. In this furnace plant 12 megawatt electricity is needed.

This lump is sent in breaking department. In this department a heavy iron ball is fifth up with the help of magnet. Then after lump is arranged under the ball & ball is made de-magnet. So, that bull fall on the lump & lump converts in many pieces & with the help of machine they make very small pieces.

Each lump has 10 tones of weight. In breaking ponders there is 2 tone of cartage. Products of this unit use this waster in order.

05.Screening:-

After breaking small stones are grind in machine. Then it is passed from screening. In this section lock and iron are removed from final product.

06.Quality checking:- After making the finished product. They check the quality of their product in their own laboratory. In this laboratory they have many types of machinery for checking the quality of the product.

07.Packing: Packing is the last step of this manufacturing process. Packing is very essential. As it is not a consumer product so there is no need of attractive packing for this product., packing process is done by use of machinery in different size of plastic boys.

Organization structure

Orient Abrasives Ltd. Has adopted line & staff type of organization structure. The large manufacturing units have sound organization structure. The organization subject is as follows.

Board of director

Chairman

Managing director

President

View president

General manager

Manager

Executive

Departmental manager

Superintendents

Clerk

Peon

Time keeping system

The time keeping system is a very important part of any organization’s discipline & sincerity.

As per the visited unit orient abrasive ltd., There is a separate “TIME OFFICE” under the personal department for managing complete labour affairs. The regular incoming & out going of employees is to mentioned in register through attendance of each employees.

There is twenty four hours production. It means there is a continuous production. There are very planned and efficient arrangement for both the workers and official staff.

Shifts for workers: There are three shifts for workers

1st shift : 06:00 a.m. To 02:00 p.m.

2nd shift : 02:00 a.m. To 10:00 p.m.

3rd shift : 10:00 a.m. To 06:00 p.m.

Shifts for official staff : There are two shifts for official staff

1st shift : 08:00 a.m. To 12:00 p.m.

2nd shift :02:00 p.m. To 05: P.m.

(Lunch break : 12:00 p.m. to 02:00 p.m.)

The company follows the above time keeping system very strictly.

Employers services

In orient abrasives ltd. All the employees rewarded with regular and fair compensation in the form of wages and salaries.

But, as we know that an employee always expects something extra which can be helpful to them in living. This is an important factor which affects the work of any employees.

Orient abrasives ltd. Adopt various techniques, which proves to be a sound motivational factor for its employees. Orient abrasives ltd. Performs tasks with the fair consideration of employees satisfaction curtained points as mentioned below can be helpful to understand how the company motivates its workers. The company provides about Rs.65,35,750 for the welfare of the employees.

01.Medical facility :

As per the visited unit is concern. There is noise pollution and dust pollution which after the health employees & works. So company provide all medical services at the works place and always working at it is best. There is a one fulltime doctor available at the health center of the company.

02. House Rent :

The company also provide house rent to it is employees. That is a beneficial to the personal of the company. This will be helpful in improving the living standard of the employees and it will result in to a good and improved society.

03. Transport Facility :

Orient abrasives ltd has no private vehicle for the transport facility but many workers are coming from near by villages &city. There is good and regular arrangement of municipality but (S.P.), which is available from the gate of the company to sudama chowk (porbandar) in every hour.

An employee who has his own vehicle gets allowances for petrol also. Company also provides car to senior officers. Company also provide cycle to workers with 50% subsidy.

04. Level Facility :-

Festival Leave : festival adds color in life. The company gives festival leave to their employees. The company granted about 8 days per year as festival leave.

Stick leave : the company allows sick leave to the employees. If there are many days of leave, the employees has to submit his medical report to personal department.

Casual leave : casual leave is also application in this company.

05. Canteen facility :-

The company also provides a good canteen where every employee can go & have refreshment at reasonable cost. They paid only 20 paisa for tea & 3 times in a night.

06. Banking Facility :-

“ORIENT ABRASIVES LIMITED” Provides good banking facility to their employees. The employees who want their salary through bank company makes arrangement according to their demand.

07. Parking Facility :-

There is a very good parking facility in company for vehicles of the employees & workers.

08. Other Facility :-

Company also provides some facility to workers like raincoat, uniform, shoes & cycle etc. they also give bonus, insurance facility, pension policy etc. more over all workers & other staff members are covered with provision of health & safety.

Thus, like a mother “ORIENT ABRASIVES LIMITED” case for its employees. There are internal, moral & external moral servies provided by the company.

Contribution of the unit to the industy

ORIENT ABRASIVES LIMITED running successfully for last 27 years. this unit has provided employment to near about 500 people. By this way, it has helped to solve burning problem of unemployment in our country up to some extent. It produces 70% electricity of their total consumption by the power plant & this way they save the important electricity.

In India “ORIENT ABRASIVES LIMITED.” Has got award in the field of pollution control. Thus, “ORIENT ABRASIVES LIMITED” contributes very much to the industry and also to the society.

Product Planning

A product is anything that can be offered and marketed to customers to satisfy a want or need.

Product planning is a systematic study of product, design, name, process, users etc. thus, product planning is very essential part for marketing because good product planning of any unit can increase the value of the company in the market.

It covers concepts like –

Product line

Product mix

Packing

labeling

branding

“ORIENT ABRASIVES LIMITED” produces main 5 products and all of the products are of similar type. So, in “ORIENT ABRASIVES LIMITED” there is only one product line because of similar products.

Market Segmentation

“market segmentation is the sub division of a market into homogeneous sub-sects of customers where any sub-sects may conceivably be selected as a market target to be reached with district marketing mix.”_ Philip kotler

The primary requirement of sound market segmentation is better understanding of consumers. The failure of market segmentation is due to inability of a market to take care of all market segmentations and numeroul variables of factors affecting market segmentation.

Basically, there are two types of segmentation:

Consumer oriented segmentation.

Product oriented segmentation.

As we know that “ORIENT ABRASIVES LIMITED” produces industrial goods rather than consumer goods. So, procuct oriented segmentation may be suitable type for “ORIENT ABRASIVES LIMITED.”

Pricing Polocies

One of the most important aspects of managerial decision making is the formulation of appropriate price policies and setting the price..

In accountancy, price means cost plus profit.. price is the only element in making mix which create revenue.

In “ORIENT ABRASIVES LIMITED”. price of then product decide by managing director and top management. Which deciding price they consider following points:

Cost of production

Demand of product

Market condition

Consumer’s satisfaction

Competition

Government policy

They take advance from some buyers and give credit to some buyers. Company provides certain discount for cash sales.

“ORIENT ABRASIVES LIMITED” follows the pricing which is reasonable to all the parties.

Channel of Distribution

“channel of distribution is the structure of intra company organization units and extra company agents and dealers, wholesalers and retailers, through which a commodity, product or service is marketed.” – American Marketing Association.

There are two types of distribution method:

Direct sales

Indirect sales

Under direct sales, the producers are selling directly to final customers. Direct sales is also known as zero level channel that is,

Producer Customers

In indirect sales, marketing channel the products sold through any intermediary like whole seller, retailer, jobber, agent, etc. the product is not directly sold the customers.

One level

producer

wholesaler

customers

Two level

producer

wholesaler

retailerwholesaler

agent

producer

Three level

customers

customers

retailer

Products of “Orient Abrasives Ltd.” Is an industrial products or producer’s goods. So company sales its products directly to industries, they don’t have any agency.

“Orient Abrasives Ltd.” Has adopted direct channel of distribution.

Producers(OAL) customers(Direct Channel-Zero Level)

Sales promotion

Definition :

“Activities other than personal selling, advertising and publicity that stimulate consumer. Purchasing and dealer effectiveness, such as display shows and exhibitions, demonstrations and various other non-recurrent selling efforts not in ordinary routine.” – American Marketing Association.

“Orient Abrasives Ltd.” Are promoting their sales through the following three levels:

At Salesman Level :

“Orient Abrasives Ltd.” Provides well attractive offers to its salesman. Here company fixing the target for each salesman. For this purpose, it give some special gift or monetary rewards for their performance.

At Consumer Level :

“Orient Abrasives Ltd.” Proves the quality by making and comparing their product with other abrasives product. Consumer can also get some benefit from dealers.

At Dealer Level :

“Orient Abrasives Ltd.” Offers different discounts like cash discount to their dealers. They will be benifited more.

Advertising

Definition :

“Advertising is any paid from of non-personal presentation and promotion of ideas, goods and services by identified sponsor.” – American Marketing Association.

The word “Advertising” is derived from a latine word “Advertise”, means to turn attention towards a specific thing.

In “Orient Abrasives Ltd.” There is a no need of advertisement for its product because they have monopolistic market and also the product of this unit is a producers goods they spent very little amount of advertising as on.

Types :

(A) Industrial Magazine(B) Yellow pages (C) Telephone Directories(D) In Newspaper on festivals for sending best wishes

only

Marketing Research

Marketing research is the application of scientific method to solve marketing problem. It is a decision making process to solve any marketing problems. It is a decision making process to solve the problem. It is an attempt to get information reading marketing problem for solving it.

Thus, marketing research is one of the important tasks to be undertaken by marketing department. In order to know various goods and bad aspects of different competitive industries, marketing research is done. It is a systematic and scientific collection analysis and representation of data regarding relevant marketing situation.

In “Orient Abrasives Ltd.” No any marketing research activity is necessary due to monopolistic market condition.

International Marketing

International marketing means having customers in abroad countries. Here, goods and services are exported in foreign countries.

“Orient Abrasives Ltd.” Is also interested in international marketing. They exported their a product in a foreign countries and their product have demand in foreign countries because of good quality product. They export here product in gulf countries and America and also in Indonesia, they are a getting their order through internet.

But, now a days company face cut-throat level because of some international compititors of this units i.e., Chinese company.

Recruitment procedure

Recruitment can be regarded as one of the most important personnl function requiring keep & serious attention. The desired objective of the company are achieved through the person and hence recruitment of the company are achieved through the persons and hence recruitment of efficient employee is essential in order to achieve objectives. Thus, the success of any industrial unit is very much depending on the workera. The sales of any enterprise is largely affected by the efficiency of the employee working under it.

The end result or recruitment is selection, after carefully classifying & analyzing each and every person. The selection of the best out of many is done classification of individuals capabilities & preference. So as to desire the best and most favourable result.

The “orient abrasives ltd.” Recruit mechanical, chemical and electrical engineers for office work. B.Sc., B.Com. B.B.A. and M.B.A. persons are required. They demand minimum 10 to 12 experience in same post.

Financial Planning

Financial planning refers to the planning regarding procurement utilization and control of the funds required by the firm. The decision

regarding planning of these interrelated financial areas are taken under

this. The areas are:

- Investment Decision - Long term as well as current assets

- Financial Decision

- Dividend policy Decisions

The planning is the first step and other steps in financial management are dependent on it. So it is very important to plan it effectively so that it will be beneficial for the firm in the future.

In "Orient Abrasives Ltd.", the financial planning is done on the basis of time period. Thus, there are three types of financial planning in the company. Short term, medium term and long term. Short term planning is done for 1 year, medium term for 5 years and long term is for 10 or more than 10 years. Short term planning is used to fulfill the requirements of the day expenses and production, medium term planning is used to increase working capital and funds to replace machinery etc. and long term planning is done for expansion and modernization.

Capital Structure

Company raises its funds by using various types of securities such as equity. Capital structure of a company is a make up or from of composition of a capitalization. I.e., the type of securities to be issued and the relative proportion of each type of security in the total capitalization.

In broader sense, capital structure includes all the long term capital. There are mainly 4 pattern of capital structure.

Capital structure with only equity share capital, Capital structure with equity share capital. & preference

share capital, Capital structure with equity share & debentures, Capital structure with equity share, preference share &

debenture.

CONCLUSION

The directory meaning of conclusion Is to end or in other words at the end to conclude whole description in a few words.

I would like to conclude my report by saying that this unit “ORIENTABRASIVES LIMITED” is a well-balanced wonderfully organized & efficiency managed unit which acquires faro regard for its social responsibilities

In this unit there are many --- extra ordinary

characteristics like own power, full satisfaction of employees etc. every organization possesses certain defects. But “ORIENT ABRASIVES LIMITED” is fully alert above the dark side & seriously to avoid misappropriations.

I have completed my 10 days training in this company during this period I have taken all the necessary information about the unit.

During my visit to this company I was always welcomed with cooperative smile from security officers to top level management. I must note that each & every employee of this unit is always ready to help me for my project. I offer my sincere thanks to all of them & for helping me a lot in preparation of my

project report. “ORIENT ABRASIVES LIMITED” has lightened the name of our saurashtra not only in india but in abroad also decades for coming years.

I wish a very bright future & shine like the ‘star’ in the sky of ‘ABRASIVES INDUSTRY.’

To conclude the orient abrasives ltd. Has a great impact on mineral industry as they maintain healthy relation with the consumers.

Company has best selling product as well as on time delivery performance as it has vast distribution channel through roadways.

OAL organizes customer benefits programs which are far better than other mineral company.

All the dealer and consumers are satisfied with credit limit facility that company offers.

All the customers likes to trade with OAL porbandar(GUJARAT).

FUTURE PLANS

Future plan is an important function o the management. Every company has to make some plans for future also. Future planning helps to get success & leads towards prosperity.

Future plan is safety or insurance which is taken to avoid risk element.

Every film has some future plans. “ORIENT ABRASIVES LIMITED” has also planned to increase its production capacity within 3 years as standard – ISO – 9002. They are trying to increase their sales & production capacity: they with also purchase some new machinery for modern technology. They have that much kind of capabilities & talent. Every firm tries for & this firm will achieve that level – BEST.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

MY USAGE :

During my industrial training, I have made my report on basis of_

PRIMARY DATA :

Personal interaction with employees and staff members.

SECONDARY DATA :

Annual report of the company Past records of the company Company brochures

BOOKS REFERRED:

The below given books have been helpful to me during preparing my report:

Sr.No Name of the books Name of Authors

1. Production Management Philip Kotler Sherlekar