ALIVE HUMAN DETECTING ROBOT

CONTENTSIntroductionHistoryBlock diagramCircuit diagramComponents descriptionApplication & Scope of ProjectBibliography

INTRODUCTIONThis project is all about making a robot, which

navigates around the disaster areas and tries to find the humans who need help. After finding the humans it transmits the location to the mobile.

The receiver receives the buzzer sound sent by the robot and the wireless camera on the robot shows the location information.

The robot uses two methods to detect a human, one is using the IR radiation emerging from the live humans and the other is using the sound or cry for help made from the humans.

HISTORYThere are several teams working on such type of robots.

Currently, Carnegie Mellon University is being founded by the National Science Foundation to investigate the use of semi-autonomous robots for urban search and rescue.

The philosophy of the this project at Carnegie Mellon is that the robot team should be low cost, semi-autonomous, heterogeneous, and work together under a human coordinator. In line with this philosophy, one of the most challenging parts of this project is to find a light weight and low cost solution that can fit on the existing this type of robot.

Many universities are purchasing urban search and rescue robotics, especially in the USA, Japan and Europe.

This robot use different sensor like millimeter wave radar for measuring distance, a camera for vision and a forward-looking infrared camera (FLIR) for the human heat detection.

PIC

Microcontroller

Signal

Rx, Tx

Buzzer

Left H

Bridge

Right H

Bridge

Left

Motor

Right

Motor

Voice

Sensor

Obstacle

Sensor

Human

Sensor

BLOCK DIAGRAM:

As shown in above figure, this fig. consist of signal receiver and transmitter, human sensor, obstacle sensor, buzzer and PIC microcontroller. It also consist left H bridge and right H bridge for controlling left motor and right motor.The robot uses two methods to detect a human, one is using the IR radiation emerging from the live humans and the other is using the sound or cry for help made from the humans. First method is, on receiving the infrared radiations from the body sounds the buzzer. The received radiation is transmitted to the microcontroller which is programmed to detect human life. Second method is, on receiving the moan from the human being and thus sounding the buzzer.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

Human bodies emit infrared radiations which are used by this robot to detect living beings which we fail to notice or detect with our naked eyes. This robot on receiving the radiations from the body sounds the buzzer. The received radiation is transmitted to the microcontroller which is programmed to detect human life. It compares the received signal with input from voice sensor and output is given in the form of sound signal from the buzzer.Here we use DTMF transmitter to send signal to the buzzer.

DTMF:-The HT9170 series are Dual Tone Multi

Frequency (DTMF) receivers integrated with digital decoder. DTMF decoder(IC HT9170)decodes the signal from mobile. Since each pressed key of keypad generates two simultaneous pure tone sinusoidal frequencies. For example pressing key “1” will result in a sound composed of both a 697Hz and 1209Hz tone .

DTMF Keypad Frequencies (with sound clips)

1 2 3 697 Hz

4 5 6 770 Hz

7 8 9 852 Hz

* 0 # 941 Hz

1209 Hz 1336 Hz 1477 Hz

Note that the layout of the digits is diff

COMPONENTS DESCRIPTIONMicrocontroller -AT89C51L293D Motor DriverLM358Capacitor

COMPONENTSMicrocontroller -AT89C51 A microcontroller is a computer-

on-a-chip. It is a type of microprocessor emphasizing high integration, low power consumption, self-sufficiency and cost-effectiveness, in contrast to a general-purpose microprocessor .

Microcontrollers are frequently used in automatically controlled products and devices, such as automobile engine control systems, remote controls, office machines, appliances, power tools, and toys.

L293D Motor I.C. :

The Device is a monolithic integrated high voltage, high current four channel driver designed to Accept standard DTL or TTL logic levels and drive Inductive loads (such as relays solenoids, DC And stepping motors) and switching power transistors. To simplify use as two bridges each pair of channels Is equipped with an enable input. A separate Supply input is provided for the logic, allowing operation at a lower voltage and internal clamp diodes are included. This device is suitable for use in switching application sat frequencies up to 5 kHz.

LM358:

These devices consist of two independent, high-gain, frequency-compensated operational amplifiers designed to operate from a single supply over a wide range of voltages.

Applications include transducer amplifiers, dc amplification blocks, and all the conventional operational amplifier circuits that now can be implemented more easily in single-supply-voltage systems.

Capacitor:

Electrolytic capacitors are polarised and they must be connected the

correct way round, at least one of their leads will be marked + or -.

They are not damaged by heat when soldering. Coupling ,Filtering,Tuning, Storing energy. A capacitor is an electrical/electronic device that can store energy in the electric field between a pair of conductors (called "plates").

LM7508 Voltage Regulator IC:

•The power supply which provides a constant output voltage irrespective of variations in the input voltage or load current is called a regulated power supply is called as voltage regulator. •The 78XX series is a series of positive voltage regulators and 79XX is the series of negative voltage regulators.•78XX Series IC :78XX series are three terminal positive voltage regulators. Here XX indicates the output voltage.•If a DC supply of less than 5V i/Output Current up to 1AOutput Voltages of 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 18, 24Vs used, insufficient voltage will be present at the regulators output.

Switch:

A switch is a mechanical device used to connect and disconnect a circuit. In the simplest case, a switch has two pieces of metal called contacts that touch to make a circuit, and separate to break the circuit.

APPLICATION AND SCOPE OF THE PROJECT:

•Today every country, who want to become more powerful create weapons of mass destruction. This device can be used to detect living humans who are left in the battlefield after war.

•This device can be used to detect living beings after natural disasters.

•The device can be used to detect living beings left after mass destruction.

•The device can be used for surveillance in restricted areas.

BIBLIOGRAPHY:

1. www.seminarprojects.com

2. www.projectsreports.com

3. www.wikipedia.com

4. Carnegie Mellon University

5. Insectronics- Karl Williams

6. IEEE Research Papers.

7. Application Notes & Datasheets of ST Microelectronics.

8. Application Notes & Datasheets of Atmel 89s52 Microcontroller.

Thank you