Slide 1

PRESENTATION ON INDUSTRIAL TRAINING IN BSNL EXCHANGE MANDI

1INTRODUCTIONOCB-283 is a digital switching system.It supports a variety of communication needs like basic telephony,interface to mobile communication etc.This system has been developed by CIT ALCATEL of France.The first OCB-283 exchanges were commissioned in France and China in 1991.The first OCB-283 exchange came to India in 1993.

2ALCATEL 1000E10 (OCB-283)The name OCB-283 is suggested as given below:-O:- ORGANIZEC:-CONTROLB:-VERSION B2:-2ND GENERATION83:-PROCESSOR ALCATEL 8300

3INTRODUCTION TO ALCATEL Alcatel is a global telecommunications corporation. It provides telecommunications solutions to service providers, enterprises and governments around the world, enabling these customers to deliver voice, data and video services. The company focuses on mobile, and converged broadband networking hardware, IP technologies, software, and services.Alcatel has operations in more than 130 countries.

4H.P TELECOM CIRCLE SSA MAP

5MAP OF MANDI SSA

6ORGANISATION CHART OF MANDI SSA

7EXCHANGE FUNCTIONAL ARCHITECTUREExchange has got three basic subsystems:-SUBSCRIBER ACCESS SUBSYSTEMCONTROL & CONNECTION SUBSYSTEMOPERATION & MAINTENANCE SUBSYSTEM8SUBSCRIBER ACCESS SUBSYSTEMThis is treated as independent entity. This is responsible to forward new call connection & disconnection requests to control functions.

9CONTROL SUBSYSTEMThese provide control of calls on basis of stored programmes They process calls on reception of dialed digits from calling Subs.circuit and take part in call set of handling and release by processing, monitoring, measuring charging of calls and other important functions nedded for working of automatic common control exchange.

10CONNECTION SUBSYSTEMThese provide facility to connect a subscribers loop or circuit from an external PCM and transfer these speech signals on selected time slots called voice channels on LR link towards switching matrix. 11OPERATION & MAINTENANCE SUBSYSTEMIt does the management of database .It helps in carrying out various maintenance procedure in built the system.12SWITCH ROOMThe hardware equipment of the OCB 283 consists of a set of control (multiprocessor) station SM. It consists of Racks that has CARDS fitted in it.

13RACKS OF SWITCH ROOMSMC : Main Control StationSMA : Auxiliary Equipment SM SMT : Trunk Control StationSMX : Matrix Control StationSMM : Maintenance Station

14POWER PLANT OCB-283

Power plants are designed for continuous handling of constant load.The main exchange requires two types of supplies:The first one is 48 V DC supply mainly for switch room. The second one is 220V AC supply for switch room mainly for computer peripheral device.15POWER PLANT OCB-283

16POWER SUPPLYThe exchange need the DC supply for its working. So in power plant AC is converted into Dc with the help of FLOAT RECTIFIER.17FLOAT CUM BATTERY CHARGER{FCBC}If any of the float rectifier stops working due to any type of fault the FCBC is used. POWER HOUSEFCBC are designed to supply continuous power to the DC load and simultaneously charge the batteries connected. The charger has twoindependent systems. Normally the DC power is supplied to the load by the FloatCharger.

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19MAIN DISTRIBUTION FRAME{M.D.F.}M.D.F. is a media between switching network and subscribers line. It distribute wires in different areas and this wire connect switching room and subscribers line. M.D.F. has different parts as:-1. V.F. (Vertical frame)2. N.E. (number of equipments3. Module. 4. Selector. 5. Wire and Cable

20NO. OF EQIPMENT{N.E}N.E. frame is directly connected with switch room by this no.Find out the fault card of subscriber. Many time no. any fault in pillar pole and M.D.F. then find out the N.E. no of particular subscriber and check the fault.

21VERTICAL FRAME{V.F.}V.F. has distribution of wire in 10-10 horizontal sequence. Its left side connect with switching room and back side connect subscribers color wire. One V.F. has 100 pair of wire.This color wire connects with pillar.

22PILLORPillor has different no. of pair. It depend on phone connection in particular areas and after then pillor connect with D.P. (distribution point). Distribution point has 5-10 pair of wire. By the cable this one-one pair goes in the subscribers phone and 10 connections can connected with one D.P.

23MODULEModule is a medium, which connects M.D.F. CONNECTION OF N.E.from subscriber. It is a small hall. This module is present in V.F. connect 100 module. No of module is directly proportional to no of pair24SELECTOR Selector is old manner but advance selector is a modem.. For communication in modern banks, hotels, companies and their branches the help of modem is required.Selector of old manner work by help of a worker. Main form call in main exchange and branch for communication. 25CODE DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS{CDMA} Code Division Multiple CDMA is a method in which users occupy the same time and frequency allocations, and are channelized by unique assigned codes. The signals are separated at the receiver by using a correlator that Accessaccepts only signal energy from the desired channel. Undesired signals contribute only to the noise.A CDMA system uses effective power control process.

26Copper Local Loop

FSUBTSExchangeSubscriberWireless Local LoopExchangeSubscriberBSC TWO METHODS FOR SUBSCRIBER CONNECTION

27MULTIPLE ACCESSMULTIPLE SIMULTANEOUS TRANSMISSIONS. NO PRE-ASSIGNED CIRCUIT TO ANY USER. ANY USER CAN ACCESS ANY CIRCUIT AND MAY ACCESS DIFFERENT CIRCUITS FOR DIFFERENT CALLS. PRIVACY. IMPROVEMENT IN SYSTEM CAPACITY28MULIPLE ACCESS METHODSFrequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA

29Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA)

FDMA is a multiple access method in which users are assigned specific frequency bands. The user has sole right of using the frequency band for the entire call duration.

30Time Division Multiple Access (TDMAIn TDMA an assigned frequency band shared among a few users.Each user is allowed to transmit in predetermined time slots. Hence, channelization of user is achieved through separation in time.

31MULTIPLE ACCESS TECHNIQUESF

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TIMEFDMATDMACDMARK/TR/ALTTC 7 WILL/ overview32ADVANTAGES OF CDMAFast Network deployment.Reduced service interruptions.Low Maintenance & operational cost.Better system coverage flexibilityHigher capacityEasy transition to mobile service33GSM SERVICE CATEGORIESmain type of telecommunication servicesSupplementary services Basic services

34TYPES OF SERVICESBasic services: available to all subscribers to a mobile network. e.g. voice telephone calls. Supplementary services: Additional services that are available by subscription only. e.g. Call forwarding.35Basic services: available to all subscribers to a mobile network. e.g. voice telephone calls. Supplementary services: Additional services that are available by subscription only. e.g. Call forwarding.36BASIC TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICESTeleservicesBearer Services

37TELESERVICE

Teleservice allows the subscriber to communicate (usually via voice, fax, data or SMS) with another subscriber. It is a complete system including necessary terminal equipment.

38BEARER SERVICES It transports speech and data as digital information within the network between user interfaces. 39BROADBAND Broadband indicates a means of connectivity at a high or broad bandwidth. In India broadband is defined as any connectivity delivered to the end user at a bandwidth greater that 256 kbps.

40USES OF BROADBANDIN TELECOMMUNICATION IN POWER LINE COMMUNICATIONIN DATA COMMUNICATIONIN DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE(DSL)IN ETHERNETIN VIDEO41 TELECOMMUNICATIONBroadband in telecommunications refers to a signaling method that includes or handles a relatively wide range (or band) of frequencies, which may be divided into channels or frequency bins. Broadband is always a relative term, understood according to its context. The wider (or broader) the bandwidth of a channel, the greater the information-carrying capacity.

42POWER LINE COMMUNICATIONPower lines have also been used for various types of data communication. Some systems for remote control are based on narrowband signaling, modern high-speed systems use broadband signaling to achieve very high data rates.

43DATA COMMUNICATION Broadband in data communications is frequently used in a more technical sense to refer to data transmission where multiple pieces of data are sent simultaneously to increase the effective rate of transmission.In network engineering this term is used for methods where two or more signals share a medium.

44ETHERNET Ethernet is the common interface to broadband modems such as DSL data links, and has a high data rate itself, so is sometimes referred to as broadband. Ethernet provided over cable modem is a common alternative to DSL.

45DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE(DSL)In DSL the digital information is sent over a high-bandwidth channel. This channel is located above (i.e., at higher frequency than) the baseband voice channel on a single pair of wires.

46 IN VIDEOBroadband in analog video distribution is traditionally used to refer to systems such as cable television, where the individual channels are modulated on carriers at fixed frequencies.

47CONCLUSIONWe did our training from BSNL, Mandi . Where we learnt various sections of BSNL which are as follows : - (1) Main Distribution Frame(MDF) (2) Broadband (3) OCB(4) BSNL Power PlantIn exchange we acquire knowledge about the contribution of BSNL in communication field.

48THANK YOU49