project report on ndtv

INDIAN MEDIA INDUSTRY

The Indian Media and Entertainment (M&E) industry is poised to enter a golden era.

One of the largest markets in the world, the industry is seeing strong growth and has

the potential to garner US$ 200 billion by 2015.

The eighth PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) Global Entertainment and Media Outlook

has ranked India as the fastest growing market in the world for spends in

entertainment and media in the next five years. India will be one of the key drivers in

pushing the global entertainment and media industry to US$ 2 trillion by 2011. With a

compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 18.5 percent, the Indian M&E industry is

the fastest growing in the Asia-Pacific.

New Delhi --- India’s media and entertainment business will more than double over

the next five years, fuelled by rising incomes and a surge in consumerism, a global

consulting firm said yesterday.

Sales will reach 1 trillion rupee (US$ 35 billion) by 2011, according to a forecast by

PricewaterhouseCoopers.

The Indian entertainment and media (E&M) industry has outperformed the Indian

economy and is one of the fastest growing sectors in India. The E&M industry

generally tends to grow faster when the economy is expanding. The Indian economy

has been growing at a fast clip over the last few years, and the income levels too have

been experiencing a high growth rate. Above that, consumer spending is also on the

rise, due to a sustained increase in disposable incomes, brought about by reduction in

personal income tax over the last decade. All these factors have given an impetus to

the E&M industry and are likely to contribute to the growth of this industry in the

future.

In the days of Doordarshan, programmes of different genres would jostle for space

(and attention) on the terrestrial channel. With the entry of cable & satellite television

in the early nineties, viewing habits ceased to revolve around Doordarshan, & over

the years, a fast maturing audience learnt to seek varied entertainment on television.

As a natural corollary, specialization is the order of the day, & broadcasters are

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looking at ways & means of leveraging every opportunity for specialized

programming.

Last year, the news genre’ was witness to specialization that saw an explosion of new

news & current affairs channels. What was a mere programming block a few years

ago on main line channels has now evolved into a viable standalone genre’.

Leading Indian & international media companies are jostling to capture the

imagination of the Indian viewer. There has been a spurt in 24hr TV news

broadcasting. By the end of the year India will have close to 10TV stations dedicated

to 24 hr news which commentators say is far higher than any other country.

The electronic media scene in India has changed rapidly since it was thrown open to

private broadcasters who started beaming news via satellite into Indian homes. That

development more than 5 yrs ago ended the monopoly of state run DD TV.

Industry watchers say rising revenues & increasing number of viewers have provided

the impetus for many big players to enter the business. Figures show that the markets

for news channels grew from Rs. 2 billion in 2000 to Rs. 3.1billion in 2001. It is

expected to be approx. 5 billion in the present scenario. All categories of advertisers

are keen on investing in news channels because of the higher returns they offer

compared to entertainment channels. According to media critic Shailaja Bajpayee, TV

news is also cost effective. “Aaj Tak’s singular success has been running it on a very

tight budget. It is no more as expensive to do TV as it was before.”

Some of the biggest names in Indian media are behind the new channels. TV Today,

which had successfully launched a Hindi news channel Aaj Tak expanded with a new

24 hr English Channel - Headlines Today. NDTV launched NDTV India in Hindi &

NDTV 24*7 in English. NDTV’s contract with Rupert Murdoch’s Star news ended on

31st March 2003 which saw the emergence of a new look Star news channel

exclusively in Hindi. The race is now on to be the first with news, with state of the art

technology & star glamour. NDTV hired 9 helicopters to provide fast news.

“ I know this is common for news channels all over the world, but for the first time in

India we will have a fleet of helicopters exclusive to NDTV – to ensure we get you

the news first, fastest & with the right perspective”, was Dr. Roy’s opinion in a

message posted on its website. The channel had put up large bill boards across various

cities and towns promoting some of its star broadcasters.

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Sahara India group of Mass communication launched Sahara Samay. Also planning to

launch 6 more regional channels. Zee is considering launch of a business news

channel. The channels are also keen on highlighting their uniqueness in view of the

fierce competition.

The idea is focus on understanding the audience & providing crisp, relevant news.

Rightly enough, analysts agree that in a country of a billion people where a large

section is still unable to read or write the significance of having a variety of

independent news media cannot be overstated.

AS AN ADVERTISING MEDIUM

According to media experts, news channels may be wrestling advertising both from

the local print media as well as cable channels. Siti cable Chief Jawahar Goel is

already complaining that advertisers are moving out of his cable channel. “It could be

because cable TV channels no longer show brand new pirated films which used to

attract advertising. The same brands are seen on new channels now”, he says.

The problem has also been at the end of advertisers finding it difficult to monitor their

commercials on different cable systems in the city or even across cities. So when Aaj

Tak started as the first national rupee channel, advertisers lapped it up. This meant

that, unlike most other channels, an advertiser was not required to have any export

commitments to advertise on Aaj Tak.

Government rules require any channel up linking from outside India to take ads from

companies that have export earnings. A few months ago, Zee News started up linking

from India & can now accept commercials from companies that pay in rupees.

More important news channels offered fairly competitive ad rates when compared

with rates on the general entertainment channels. If the prime time rate on a general

entertainment programme like Kyunki Saas… for 30 sec is Rs. 12 lakhs a similar spot

on Aaj Tak cost Rs. 6,000 – Rs. 24,000.

More news channels will only lead to audience fragmentation. And since all the

channels will be fighting for the same viewer, survival will be a major issue. With

advertising revenues continuing to be flat, despite some growth in audience numbers,

this could mean more players in the market competing for the same accounts. Media

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experts believe that news channels will experience the general entertainment channel

phenomenon where a chunk of the advertising revenue is shared among the top 3

while the rest will be left with the crumbs.

NAME OF THE OTHER GIANTS OF THIS INDUSTRY

1) Aaj Tak

2) Zee News

3) Star News

4) INDIA TV

5) IBN 7

6) CNN

7) Sahara Samay

8) CNBC TV18

9) DD News

10) BBC World

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COMPANY PROFILE

From a pure-news focused player, NDTV is metamorphosing into a diversified global

media player and intends to consistently break new ground.

NDTV’s tryst with television began way back in 1988, when it produced a news and

current affairs show ‘The World This Week’ for the Government-owned broadcaster

Doordarshan. The show proved to be immensely popular, and NDTV established its

image as a credible private news producer. It moved on to become the sole news

content provider and producer for India’s first 24-hour news channel, Star News. The

company’s biggest milestone was established in 2003, when it launched two 24-hour

news channels— NDTV 24x7 in English and NDTV India in Hindi—followed by a

24-hour business news channel NDTV Profit in 2005, which became a leading

business news channel in a short period of time.

In 2007, the company broke new ground, formulating a strategy to build a global

business. NDTV Networks Plc, a subsidiary of NDTV was formed to seize

opportunities in areas ‘beyond news’. The Company launched NDTV Imagine (for

general entertainment), NDTV Good Times under NDTV Lifestyle Company (for

lifestyle content), NDTV Convergence (triple play; to exploit the synergies between

television, internet and mobile), NDTV Labs (to develop media software and

technology for captive use), NGEN Media Services (outsourcing of media post-

production services) as 50:50 joint venture with Genpact and Emerging Markets BV

that has helped launch channels in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Middle East.

The story of NDTV’s independent endeavour started when NDTV & Star decided not

to renew the 5 year content deal, said to be a whopping Rs. 350 crore.

What went wrong between NDTV & Star? “I can pinpoint the very moment we

decided to go on our own. The moment Star insisted that they wanted editorial control

of the channel, we were ready to part ways”, revealed Dr. Roy. So, for months Dr.

Roy & his team got busy creating what they believed would be a world class channel.

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Given the pedigree & credibility that Dr. Roy & NDTV enjoyed no one doubted

either their resolve or skills.

Dr. Roy & NDTV have a long history & association with news & current affairs

genre’ in India. From the Landmark in 1988, to India’s first televised coverage of

General Elections in1989, to the “Live” telecast of the Press conference of General

Musharraf at the Agra Summit, NDTV emerged as the leading force in the news

genre’. In the process, Dr. Roy became the first face of news in India.

Having got what many believe is the best news team in the business & formulating

content plans, NDTV went about packaging the channel to reflect an international

look & feel. Lee Hunt, veteran in the TV broadcasting business, having launched

cable channels for Discovery, CNN & MSNBC was consulted. TAG creative brand

solutions created on air graphics. Music wiz A R Rahman created the music score of

NDTV India & David Lowe, composer for BBC world, for NDTV 24*7.

The efforts to package the channels gave them a distinct identity & two agencies were

hired. St. Luke’s was hired for 24*7 and McCann won India with Mediacom being the

media agency.

A team of experienced & credible faces like Rajdeep Sardesai, Dibang, Sonia Singh,

Barkha Dutt, Vikram Chandra etc. along with Dr. Roy were plastered all over

hoardings & press advertisements. The message : Credibility Has Many Faces &

Khabar Wohi Jo Sach Dikhaye. The focus was to push the Hindi news offering

harder. 70% of media money was put behind NDTV India.

Revenue generation to support the rolling of both channels was pinned on ad sales

revenue. The ad sales team went about selling channel environment to upscale

products. The sales team managed to mop up about Rs.10 crores of ads even before

launch of the channel. In just a month, the revenues doubled to about Rs. 20 crores.

After postponing the launch by two weeks to 14th April’03, Vikram Chandra read out

the first bulletin at 2pm. The channel was off to a stable start. While there were some

glitches, the operation was largely seen as stable. But a rather loud & garish on air

graphics of NDTV 24*7 created some viewer dissonance.

Dr. Roy agreed it was a bit avant- garde, but says that viewers quickly caught on. “

We consciously went for a very contemporary, world class look. Some people may

not be ready for that & hence there might be a gap in what we offered & what they

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like. It takes a little time for viewers who are used to one type of format to change.

But over last few weeks the viewers have got used to the new look & now may love

it.”

MANAGEMENT

Dr. Prannoy Roy- Executive Chairman(NDTV Groups)

Ms. Radhika Roy- Managing Director & Executive Co-

Chairman(NDTV Groups)

Mr. KVL Narayan Rao- Chief Executive Officer(NDTV

Groups)

Mr. Vikram Chandra- Chief Executive Officer(NDTV

Networks)

Mr. Ajay Mankotia- President-Corporate Planning &

Operations(NDTV Group)

Mr. Sameer Nair- Chief Executive Officer(NDTV Imagine)

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Ms. Smeeta Chakrabarti- Chief Executive Officer(NDTV

Lifestyle)

Mr. Saurav Banerjee- Chief Financial Officer(NDTV

Group)

Mr. Shyatto Raha- Chief Executive Officer(NDTV Market)

Auditors

Price Waterhouse

Building- 8, 7th & 8th Floor,

Tower-B, DLF Cyber City, Gurgaon - 122002, Haryana

Registered Office

207, Okhla Industrial Estate, Phase-III,

New Delhi-110020.

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ABOUT NDTV INDIA

KHABAR WAHI JO SACH DIKHAYE

Launched on the 14th of April’03 with its twin channel in English NDTV 24*7,

NDTV India was a channel for the masses. Its brand character rests on the following

traits-

Target Audience – Traditional but progressive from the “heart of India”.

Values – Integrity, credibility, truth & speed.

Style – 100% conversational Hindi, colloquial, simple, direct & hard hitting.

Music – Pulsating, energetic & hummable.

Strong powerful content – Latest, unbiased & editorially uncompromising.

Credibility of news & reporting on NDTV India is personified by its experienced

news anchors.

Dibang- Executive Director

Pankaj Pachauri

Nidhi Kulpati

Naghma

Abhigyan Prakash

Rupali Tewari

NDTV India in its channel market share really took off once the distribution hurdle

was overcome. The recent figures show the performance of NDTV India from the

period of February to March. Also, data pertaining to recent weeks performance of the

channel also reflects the clear progression the channel is making.

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MANAGEMENT

Mr. Sohan Kapoor, National Channel Head(NDTV India)

Mr. Pundreek Hasteer, Retail Head(NDTV India)

Mr. Vikas Khanchandani, Senior Vice President

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OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The objectives of the research were as follows:

Perception building of NDTV India in the last 6 years since its launch in

April’03, among advertising agencies & corporates.

METHODOLOGY

Evaluation of potential of NDTV India as an advertising medium.

Research Design

In the project, “ Perception building of NDTV India vis-à-vis competitors &

evaluation of potential of the channel as an advertising medium” exploratory research

has been carried out. Research design is the conceptual structure within which

research is conducted; it constitutes the framework within which collection & analysis

of data is done. Hence, by such research, alternative causes & solutions can be

measured.

Data Collection

This includes:

1. Type of data used

In this study mostly primary data has been used. This is because productive

information could not be attained from secondary sources.

2. Method of data collection

Structured questionnaires were used to collect information from the respondents. The

questions were mostly open ended so as to give freedom to the respondent to express

himself.

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3. Sample Plan

Since a complete enumeration of all items in the universe was not possible due to

resource constraint, a sample size was selected & agencies & corporates were selected

by random sampling. However, in case of corporates a proportion of every industry be

it services, FMCG, durables, banking etc was included.

4. Sample Size

The sample size chosen was 50 with 30 corporates & 20 agencies. As mentioned

earlier corporates were across industries.

5. Sample Unit

The survey was conducted in:

Gurgaon

Okhla

Greater Kailash & nearby areas

Sampling Procedure

The procedure included for sampling included convenient cum judgement sampling.

Random sampling was done to select respondents.

As mentioned earlier, structured questionnaires were used & personal interviews done

to ensure maximum information could be derived.

The survey was conducted between May & June ’09 & the respondents were

interviewed through prior appointments.

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Marketing research is a form of business research and is generally divided into two

categories: consumer market research and business-to-business (B2B) market

research, which was previously known as industrial marketing research. Consumer

marketing research studies the buying habits of individual people while business-to-

business marketing research investigates the markets for products sold by one

business to another.

Consumer market research is a form of applied sociology that concentrates on

understanding the behaviour, whims and preferences, of consumers in a market-based

economy, and aims to understand the effects and comparative success of marketing

campaigns. The field of consumer marketing research as a statistical science was

pioneered by Arthur Nielsen with the founding of the ACNielsen Company in 1923.

Thus marketing research is the systematic and objective identification, collection,

analysis, and dissemination of information for the purpose of assisting management in

decision making related to the identification and solution of problems and

opportunities in marketing The goal of marketing research is to identify and assess

how changing elements of the marketing mix impacts customer behavior.

Role of marketing research

The task of marketing research is to provide management with relevant, accurate,

reliable, valid, and current information. Competitive marketing environment and the

ever-increasing costs attributed to poor decision making require that marketing

research provide sound information. Sound decisions are not based on gut feeling,

intuition, or even pure judgment.

Marketing managers make numerous strategic and tactical decisions in the process of

identifying and satisfying customer needs. They make decisions about potential

opportunities, target market selection, market segmentation, planning and

implementing marketing programs, marketing performance, and control. These

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decisions are complicated by interactions between the controllable marketing

variables of product, pricing, promotion, and distribution. Further complications are

added by uncontrollable environmental factors such as general economic conditions,

technology, public policies and laws, political environment, competition, and social

and cultural changes. Another factor in this mix is the complexity of consumers.

Marketing research helps the marketing manager link the marketing variables with the

environment and the consumers. It helps remove some of the uncertainty by providing

relevant information about the marketing variables, environment, and consumers. In

the absence of relevant information, consumers' response to marketing programs

cannot be predicted reliably or accurately. Ongoing marketing research programs

provide information on controllable and non-controllable factors and consumers; this

information enhances the effectiveness of decisions made by marketing managers.

Traditionally, marketing researchers were responsible for providing the relevant

information and marketing decisions were made by the managers. However, the roles

are changing and marketing researchers are becoming more involved in decision

making, whereas marketing managers are becoming more involved with research. The

role of marketing research in managerial decision making is explained further using

the framework of the DECIDE model:

D —- Define the marketing problem

E —- Enumerate the controllable and uncontrollable decision factors

C —- Collect relevant information

I —- Identify the best alternative

D —- Develop and implement a marketing plan

E —- Evaluate the decision and the decision process

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The DECIDE model conceptualizes managerial decision making as a series of six

steps. The decision process begins by precisely defining the problem or opportunity,

along with the objectives and constraints. Next, the possible decision factors that

make up the alternative courses of action (controllable factors) and uncertainties

(uncontrollable factors) are enumerated. Then, relevant information on the

alternatives and possible outcomes is collected. The next step is to select the best

alternative based on chosen criteria or measures of success. Then a detailed plan to

implement the alternative selected is developed and put into effect. Last, the outcome

of the decision and the decision process itself are evaluated.

Marketing research characteristics

First, marketing research is systematic. Thus systematic planning is required at all the

stages of the marketing research process. The procedures followed at each stage are

methodologically sound, well documented, and, as much as possible, planned in

advance. Marketing research uses the scientific method in that data are collected and

analyzed to test prior notions or hypotheses.

Marketing research is objective. It attempts to provide accurate information that

reflects a true state of affairs. It should be conducted impartially. While research is

always influenced by the researcher's research philosophy, it should be free from the

personal or political biases of the researcher or the management. Research which is

motivated by personal or political gain involves a breach of professional standards.

Such research is deliberately biased so as to result in predetermined findings. The

motto of every researcher should be, "Find it and tell it like it is." The objective nature

of marketing research underscores the importance of ethical considerations, which are

discussed later in the chapter.

Marketing research involves the identification, collection, analysis, and dissemination

of information. Each phase of this process is important. We identify or define the

marketing research problem or opportunity and then determine what information is

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needed to investigate it., and inferences are drawn. Finally, the findings, implications

and recommendations are provided in a format that allows the information to be used

for management decision making and to be acted upon directly. It should be

emphasized that marketing research is conducted to assist management in decision

making and is not: a means or an end in itself. The next section elaborates on this

definition by classifying different types of marketing research.

Comparison with other forms of business research

Other forms of business research include:

Market research is broader in scope and examines all aspects of a business

environment. It asks questions about competitors, market structure,

government regulations, economic trends, technological advances, and

numerous other factors that make up the business environment (see

environmental scanning). Sometimes the term refers more particularly to the

financial analysis of companies, industries, or sectors. In this case, financial

analysts usually carry out the research and provide the results to investment

advisors and potential investors.

Product research - This looks at what products can be produced with

available technology, and what new product innovations near-future

technology can develop (see new product development).

Advertising research - is a specialized form of marketing research conducted

to improve the efficacy of advertising. Copy testing, also known as "pre-

testing," is a form of customized research that predicts in-market performance

of an ad before it airs, by analyzing audience levels of attention, brand linkage,

motivation, entertainment, and communication, as well as breaking down the

ad’s flow of attention and flow of emotion. Pre-testing is also used on ads still

in rough form.

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Classification of marketing research

Organizations engage in marketing research for two reasons: (1) to identify and (2)

solve marketing problems. This distinction serves as a basis for classifying marketing

research into problem identification research and problem solving research.

Problem identification research is undertaken to help identify problems which are,

perhaps, not apparent on the surface and yet exist or are likely to arise in the future.

Examples of problem identification research include market potential, market share,

brand or company image, market characteristics, sales analysis, short-range

forecasting, long range forecasting, and business trends research. A survey of

companies conducting marketing research indicated that 97 percent of those who

responded were conducting market potential, market share, and market characteristics

research. About 90 percent also reported that they were using other types of problem

identification research. Research of this type provides information about the

marketing environment and helps diagnose a problem. For example, a declining

market potential indicates that the firm is likely to have a problem achieving its

growth targets. Similarly, a problem exists if the market potential is increasing but the

firm is losing market share. The recognition of economic, social, or cultural trends,

such as changes in consumer behavior, may point to underlying problems or

opportunities. The importance of undertaking problem identification research for the

survival and long term growth of a company is exemplified by the case of PIP

printing company

Once a problem or opportunity has been identified, as in the case of PIP, problem

solving research is undertaken to arrive at a solution. The findings of problem solving

research are used in making decisions which will solve specific marketing problems.

More than two-thirds of companies conduct problem solving research.

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Marketing research methods

Methodologically, marketing research uses the following types of research designs.

Based on questioning:

Qualitative marketing research - generally used for exploratory purposes -

small number of respondents - not generalizable to the whole population -

statistical significance and confidence not calculated - examples include focus

groups, in-depth interviews, and projective techniques

Quantitative marketing research - generally used to draw conclusions - tests

a specific hypothesis - uses random sampling techniques so as to infer from

the sample to the population - involves a large number of respondents -

examples include surveys and questionnaires. Techniques include choice

modelling, maximum difference preference scaling, and covariance analysis.

Based on observations:

Ethnographic studies -, by nature qualitative, the researcher observes social

phenomena in their natural setting - observations can occur cross-sectionally

(observations made at one time) or longitudinally (observations occur over

several time-periods) - examples include product-use analysis and computer

cookie traces.

Experimental techniques -, by nature quantitative, the researcher creates a

quasi-artificial environment to try to control spurious factors, then manipulates

at least one of the variables - examples include purchase laboratories and test

markets

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Researchers often use more than one research design. They may start with secondary

research to get background information, then conduct a focus group (qualitative

research design) to explore the issues. Finally they might do a full nation-wide survey

(quantitative research design) in order to devise specific recommendations for the

client.

Business to business market research

Business to business (B2B) research is inevitably more complicated than consumer

research. The researchers need to know what type of multi-faceted approach will

answer the objectives, since seldom is it possible to find the answers using just one

method. Finding the right respondents is crucial in B2B research since they are often

busy, and may not want to participate. Encouraging them to “open up” is yet another

skill required of the B2B researcher. Last, but not least, most business research leads

to strategic decisions and this means that the business researcher must have expertise

in developing strategies that are strongly rooted in the research findings and

acceptable to the client.

There are four key factors that make B2B market research special and different to

consumer markets:

The decision making unit is far more complex in B2B markets than in

consumer markets

B2B products and their applications are more complex than consumer

products

B2B marketers address a much smaller number of customers who are very

much larger in their consumption of products than is the case in consumer

markets

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Personal relationships are of critical importance in B2B markets.

Marketing Research in Small Business and Nonprofit Organizations

Marketing research does not only occur in huge corporations with many employees

and a large budget. Marketing information can be derived by observing the

environment of their location and the competitions location. Small scale surveys and

focus groups are low cost ways to gather information from potential and existing

customers. Most secondary data (statistics, demographics, etc.) is available to the

public in libraries or on the internet and can be easily accessed by a small business

owner.

Below some steps that could do by SME (Small Medium Entreprise) to analyze the

market:

Step 1.Provide secondary and or primary data (if necessary);

Step 2.Analyze Macro & Micro Economic data (e.g. Supply & Demand, GDP,Price

change, Economic growth, Sales by sector/industries,interest rate, number of

investment/ divestment, I/O, CPI, Social anlysis,etc);

Step 3.Implement the marketing mix concept, which is consist of: Place, Price,

Product,Promotion, People, Process, Physical Evidence and also Political & social

situation to analyze global market situation);

Step 4.Analyze market trends, growth, market size, market share, market competition

(e.q.SWOT analysis, B/C Analysis,channel mapping identities of key channels,

drivers of customers loyalty and satisfaction, brand perception, satisfaction levels,

current competitor-channel relationship analysis, etc),etc.;

Step 5.Determine market segment, market target, market forecast and market position;

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Step 6.Formulating market strategy & also investigating the possibility of partnership/

collaboration (e.q.Profiling & SWOT analysis of potential partners, evaluating

business partnership.)

Step 7.Combine those analysis with the SME's business plan/ business model analysis

(e.q.Business Description, Business process, Business Strategy ,Revenue model,

Business expansion, Return of Investment, Financial analysis (Company History,

Financial assumption, Cost/Benefit Analysis, Projected profit & Loss, Cashflow,

Balance sheet & business Ratio,etc).

Note as important : Overall analysis is should be based on 6W+1H (What, When,

Where, Which, Who, Why and How)question.

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SERVICES MANAGEMENT

According to Philip Kotler,” A service is any act or performance that one party can

offer to another that is essential intangible and does not result in the ownership of

anything. Its production may or may not be tied to a physical product.”

In the news industry & advertising arena there is constant need to serve the ultimate

consumers ie viewers. There is need to satiate their expectations from time to time

and sometimes cross their desired expectations.

The characteristics of services needs understanding as well as the marketing

implications have to be sought.

Intangibility – Services unlike other products can not be felt or seen. The only

security buyers is in looking for evidence of the service quality. An inference

of this quality is drawn from the people, people, equipment, communication

material, symbols, and price that they see.

Inseparability – There is simultaneous production & consumption of services.

The client is also present when the service is being rendered. Hence, provider-

client interaction is important to judge the quality of delivery and satisfaction

levels.

Variability – Services are highly variable because they depend on who

provides them, when and where they are provided. It is important to employ

the right kind of people and provide the right training, standardizing the

service – performance process and keeping a well attended feedback system.

Perishability – The performance time of service delivery is low. Hence, it is

important to lay an immediate almost certain impression on the client.

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When it comes to understanding marketing strategies of service firms apart from

product, price, place and promotion, there are other 3 P’s that of People, Physical

Evidence & Process which can help in differentiation of services. Also, another basis

for differentiation in services is in differentiated offering, delivery or image.

Offering – A primary service package and secondary service features can

make a lot of difference in the service satisfaction of clients. But despite this

bifurcation in service provision the challenge lies in the fact that most service

innovations get copied easily. So, there is need for constant innovations from

time to time.

Faster & Better Delivery – With reliability, resilience & innovativeness one

can be able to provide an all round delivery satisfaction to the client .

Image – Branding & symbols also attract for lot of attention when it comes to

service differentiation.

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UNDERSTANDING SALES AT NDTV MEDIA (Analysis)*

PARTICULARLY OF NDTV INDIA

The procedure for air time sales commences with sending of customized proposals to

clients or their agencies. Recommendations can come from the client or corporate

directly or from the agency to spend on the channel for advertising, in the designed

media mix.

Once the proposal is sent then a follow up is done with the client to find out his

response on it. If the client wants some changes in the draft of the proposal in terms

of secondages allotted or rates then the table is laid for negotiation. After the

negotiation is done then a final proposal is sent to the client for confirmation. Once a

confirmation letter is received from the client, the Release Order (RO) is sent by

him. This document contains all the bifurcated details of the format of advertising.

However, before the receipt of the RO the Beta tape containing the commercial to be

aired is sent with caption and secondage mentioned. No commercial can be less than

10 seconds & for sponsorship tags Beta cannot be less than 5 secs. On receipt of

Beta by the operation executives it is then sent to Traffic & details regarding it are

entered into MIS - Material Information sheet.

As the R.O. is received the operations executives ask the sales executive or the client

to cross-check the details. Henceforth, information regarding the client is feeded on

New Account Header. The sales assistants then clarify the costings on a deal i.e.

secondage, time band, rates verification. Once such verification is made, then the

Form 1 document is filled with the details of costings and signed duly by the

concerned top management. A service tax of 8% is also required to be incorporated in

the total valuation of the deal before finalising. Even the deadline date needs to be

considered.

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Eg - If an advertiser wants to advertise over the weekend say Saturday then he must

clear off all paper work by Tuesday.

The deadline of 4 days is applicable in case of spot deals only. For sponsorship deals

the deadline is 7 days. Once the R.O is received and duly accepted with the terms and

conditions the sales assistant feeds in the Booking Order in a standard format. This

document is then sent to Traffic to log on the commercials. Once the commercial are

logged a cross check of the commercial logs are done by the executive in media. If

there is no discrepancy between logs laid & the RO sent by the client then the green

signal is sent to prepare the complete logs, those including promotion tags.

COLLECTIONS

Once the airing of the spots happen and the entire schedule of airing done then starts

the process of Billing Invoices. It is very important to get timely payments for

matching revenues with expenses.

The invoices are generated fortnightly with the help of SPOT software imported from

Holland. The information to be filled in invoices is sent by Traffic to Manager -

Commercials. Once the invoices are generated, printing of the invoices is done

followed by their grouping and enveloping . At the end of the month, all invoices of a

particular agency or client are bundled together with the cover letter and invoice

summary. This is then despatched to the ageny’s accounts incharge and a delivery

receipt duly signed by him is received. According to an agreement between Indian

Broadcasting Federation (IBF) & Association of Advertising Agencies of India

(AAAI), a credit period of 60days is to be given to agencies from the date of receipt

of bills & hence, follow up for any payments due begins 2 months after receipt of

delivery of invoices. Also, for retail agencies or clients an advance payment/post

dated cheques norm is followed.

25

DISTRIBUTION

The distribution network of NDTV runs across the country. The idea being

penetration & dispersion across several regions . The channels are distributed by a

very experienced team who ensure the channels reach every nook and corner. The

channel is a part of a bouquet of channels like Sony.

Today, the channel has 100% reach & connectivity in Delhi & NCR region with all

cable operators airing the channel. If there is any fault in connection or transmission

an immediate feedback is sent to the distribution team to take corrective action.

It is important to know that mere availability of a channel to cable operators is not

enough. There is need to position or tune the channel within the viewership range i.e.,

in case of India 30 channels. It is most often seen that beyond this range viewership is

minimal. The task of the distribution team is manifold. Not only do they have to keep

in mind the reach, they also have to keep conducive relations with the operators and

ensure that any problem at any time is duly reported not affecting the service of the

channel.

26

ADVERTISING AGENCIES

Q1. What factors do you emphasize on when you arrive at the selection of Television

channels?

a) Brand Association

b) Reach

c) Growth/Decline Trends

d) Innovations

e) Cost

30% of respondents emphasize on Brand Association

40% of respondents emphasize on Reach

27

15% of respondents emphasize on Growth/decline Trends

10% of respondents emphasize on Innovations

05% of respondents emphasize on Cost

The most important factor to arrive at the selection of TV channels is reach with 40%

of the respondents saying so. Brand image of the channel also helps in brand

association with the product image. Some amount of innovation and a good package

deal in terms of cost also help in boosting a channel’s choice.

Q2. How much allocation of the promotion budget is made to television & what kinds

of accounts are advertised on this medium?

a) 0-20%

b) 20-40%

c) 40-60%

d) 60-80%

e) 80-100%

28

5% of the respondents allocate 0-20% of the promotion budget to the

television.


television.


television.

45%of the respondents allocate 60-80% of the promotion budget to the

television.


television.

As mentioned by advertisers’, the range of spend on TV in the entire budget is

between 60-80 %. This means that the scope of increasing spends or convincing

advertisers to expand the investment on news channels is wide.

In terms of what kinds of accounts are advertised on this medium. There are generally

3 categories:

High end brand products

New Product launches

Promotions

29

Q3. What % of television promotion translates to news channels?

a) 0-10%

b) 10-20%

c) 20-30%

d) 30-40%

e) 40-50%

15% of respondents spend 0-10% of their TV budget on News Channels





According to respondents, 40% said that a 20-30% range of TV budget is spent on

news channels. This is higher than what advertisers quoted. The inference drawn in

30

this case is that advertisers may be constricting on spending on news but the agencies

bring forth the expanding market in this genre’ so that it is not inappropriately

neglected % maximum target reach happens.

Q4. You prefer advertising on…..

a) English channels

b) Hindi channels

c) Both

40% of respondents prefer advertising on both Channels

45% of respondents prefer advertising on Hindi Channels

15% of respondents prefer advertising on English Channels

To understand which type of genre’ English or Hindi is preferred for advertising,

45% said Hindi and 40% said both need a certain division. However, the fact that

31

market for hindi is huge and that this market also caters to a a bilingual audience

expands it potential as a revenue generating medium.

Q5. What factors determine the importance of advertising on Hindi news channels?

a) Male Viewer

b) High End Products

c) Advertiser’s Profile

d) Northern Region

e) Content

f) News Anchors

g) Ratings

35% of respondents depends upon the male viewing factor to advertise on

Hindi News Channel

32

5% of respondents depends upon high end products factor to advertise on

Hindi News Channel

20% of respondents depends upon Advertiser’s profile to advertise on Hindi

News Channel

15% of respondents depends upon Northern Region factor to advertise on

Hindi News Channel

10% of respondents depends upon the Content to advertise on Hindi News

Channel

10% of respondents depends upon News Anchors to advertise on Hindi News

Channel

5% of respondents depends upon the Rating of the channel to advertise on

Hindi News Channel

The factors emphasizing advertising on Hindi news channels rated 35% for male

viewers. This means all products targeting SSC A & B male consumer belt can be

reached via hindi news. Also, hindi news is more viewed in the northern region of the

country southern region having their own regional news channels. Hence, the idea is

to expand and have a programming that penetrates a little deeper into the gender circle

involving female viewership to expand revenue opportunities.

33

Q6. In order of preference, rank the hindi news channels you would choose for

advertising & why?

Here :

A – Aaj Tak, NDTV India, Zee news

B- Aaj Tak, NDTV India, Star News, Zee News

C- Aaj Tak, Zee News, NDTV India

D- Star News, Aaj Tak, NDTV India, Zee News

The leader is undoubtedly choice no. 1. But what is heartening to know is that the

survey is reflecting NDTV India’ superb performance, NDTV India is not far behind.

34

And if NDTV India will continue giving the same performance it will definitely make

it a leader or the no. 1 choice to advertise on.

Q7. Do you watch NDTV India ?

a) Yes

b) No

70% of the respondents say they watch NDTV India

30% of the respondents say they do not watch NDTV India

Many agencies watch NDTV India . A possible reason why most of them push the

channel to their clients for advertising because not too many respondents in the

advertisers circuit are India watchers.

Q8. Does your agency advertise on NDTV India?

35

a) Yes

b) No

80% of the respondents say they advertise on NDTV India

20% of the respondents say they do not advertise on NDTV India

This result also shows the confidence that agencies have in NDTV India. What is

important for us at NDTV is to strengthen ties with agencies and build a rapport with

advertisers so that more business comes our way out a sense of conviction at the other

end. Performance of the channel is progressive either ways.

Q9. What would drive your organization to advertise on NDTV India?

a) Rates

36

b) Innovation

c) Better Service

d) Better Deliveries

e) Numbers

f) Aggressive Marketing

A concession or revaluation of rates can be taken into consideration. Most

respondents believe that too much fluctuation of rates is not productive. Our

competitors have fixed rates. However, considering the delicate market position for

hindi news channels, a limit to rate flexibility can be laid.

Q10. How do you compare NDTV India with its current competitors set?

a) Distribution

b) Reporting

37

c) Anchors

d) Advertiser Profile

e) Programming

The myth that distribution problem still lingers is not so conspicuous a factor in the

minds of agencies but some details & data must be sent to them from time to time to

exemplify our growth.

Q11. Does their exist brand loyalty among news channels?

a) Yes

b) No

38

A Brand is a name, term, sign, symbol, or design, or a combination, of them,

intended to identify the goods or services of one seller or group of sellers & to

differentiate them from those of competitors. Thus it identifies the seller or the

maker.

The reason why this question was asked was to understand how much the Brand

NDTV plays deep in the psyche of the agencies. NDTV today is a channel but

has been a production house for more than a decade. Even though 45% believe

there is no brand loyalty, channel performance rules, I believe like in product life

cycles there is brand loyalty in the service industry as well & 55% of the

respondents agree.

39

CORPORATES

Q1. What important factors do you consider in making your marketing &

communication objectives?

a) Target Group

b) Reach

c) Cost

d) Impact

e) Positioning

Out of the total respondents, 53% agreed that reaching their target group was a matter

of primary concern. Their design of their marketing plan was based on the fact that

they must reach their target group in the budget laid before them. 47% believed that

reach of a medium was also close heels to hitting their target group. Getting the

medium with the kind of reach that will gather more mileage for their product in the

ascertained target group. 33% believed that impact the medium has should be enough

to draw peoples attention to their product & 40% believed that the positioning of

product in the right perspective was also important to get people to be interested.

Interestingly, cost was believed to be relevant by only 13% of the respondents. For

40

them a launch of a product or decision for mass scale marketing & reach meant that

there would be high investment.

Q2. What % of the budget is allocated to Television promotion?

a) 0-20%

b) 20-40%

c) 40-60%

d) 60-80%

e) 80-100%

On being questioned about the total outlay of the entire budget being allocated to

television as a medium, a33% stated between 60%-80% affirming the fact that

television as a medium is fast gaining more ground for advertising. Advertisers also

perceive that in the years to come this ratio will only increase with the C&S spreading

itself to the rural pockets of India. This is positive for television channels as mark of

revenue generation.

41


The allocation of budget to the news genre’ was a 43.33% between 0-10%. The next

slot was 10-20% which 16.67% of the respondents quoted. The idea behind this

question was to know the what potential did news channels have in growing their

market share. A point to be noted is that the number of people watching news have

increased hence the boom in this industry. The expanding market in this industry calls

for increasing the value spend on this medium to atleast 20-25% 1/4th of the total

outlay on television or promotion mediums. When enquired about such increase being

justified, advertisers said an impressive deal & we may consider increasing the

percentage.

42

Q4. What channels do you advertise on currently?

a) NDTV 24*7

b) NDTV India

c) Star TV

d) Star News

e) Star World

f) HBO

g) Zee TV

h) Sony

i) Aaj Tak

43

The reason for including this query in the questionnaire was to understand the basic

consumption pattern by channels for brands across. Apart from Star, Zee, Sony

bouquets being high on investments something that was expected, NDTV 24*7 was

also high in the outlay primarily because it has no visible competition and has a brand

image advertisers want to buy for their products as well.

Q5. What factors influence your decision to advertise on a particular channel?

a) Content

b) Rates/Cost

c) Performance

d) Reach

e) Target Group

Performance of a channel is paramount when it comes to choosing a channel for

advertising and 40% respondents believed so. Performance is evaluated by the TRP’s

the channel attains & the stickiness of the viewers. Rates & reach are equally

44

important with advertisers . NDTV 24*7 definitely has some cult programmes but we

need some similar exclusive airing on India.


d) English

e) Hindi

f) Both

Figure 1- Preference of channel genre' for advertising

20%

13%

67%

English

Hindi

Both

The answer to this question was more or less expected. With high end products &

brands invading the market there is growing need to understand that English channels

are the only way one can reach the urban educated class. However, the segment of

average traders who may not have the class but have the money also cannot be

ignored. Aspirational value is sold on English channels. The argument is creating such

aspirational value on Hindi news channels specially a mass cum class hindi channel

like NDTV India is possible & must be persued. 67% with both channels are

45

important but no one can deny that market for Hindi channels is huge and so the

perception of high products being with English needs to be broken.

Q7. If both what weightage in % does either carry in media mix?

Again in the bifurcation among languages, 33% believed an equal bifurcation is

done . However, considering the information to be sensitive, the most probable ratio

of divide can be 80-20% for hindi or 40-60% for English with the market of the hindi

genre’ being more.

46


advertising & why?

Here:

A – Aaj Tak, NDTV India, Star News

B – Aaj Tak, Star News, NDTV India

C – Zee news, NDTV India, Star news

D – Aaj Tak, Zee News, NDTV India, Star News

E – Star News, NDTV India, Aaj Tak

F – Aaj tak, Star News, Zee news, NDTV India

47

G – Aaj Tak, NDTV India, Zee News

Despite the fact, that Aaj Tak is the undoubted leader, NDTV India emerges 2nd in

recent survey. However, Star News is positioned quite close to NDTV India. The

increasing gap between India and Star needs to be highlighted at time intervals .


a) Yes

b) No

Figure 2 - % of respondents wacthing NDTV India

67%

33%

Yes

No

67% of the of the brand mangers I met watch NDTV India which is positive because

unless a media planner is not confident of the channel he/she is putting stakes on then

there are chances they will not push the channel. However it is important that the

channel is more aggressively marketed as 33% still do not watch the channel. It helps

in conviction building.

48

Q10. Which news channel currently offers value for money to your campaign & why?

This was a surprise answer. Most respondents believed that Aaj Tak & Star News

were most value rewarding in terms of getting good consumer response. NDTV 24*7

is a class apart . However, NDTV India most respondents didn’t select when it came

to value addition. They believed that they Aaj Tak & Star got them the volumes and

positioning of ads was done cost effectively. However, this point of view was

separate of performance of a channel. It was essentially their personal opinion.

Q11. Does there exist brand loyalty among news channels?

a) Yes

b) No

c) Sometimes

d) NDTV 24*7

49

Figure 3- opinion on brand loyalty

27%

53%

13%7%

Yes

No

Sometimes

For NDTV24*7

Like discussed under agencies, a brand can be made out of the channel. 24*7 is a

brand. India is buiding itself as one . The high point here is that 53% advertisers

believe that there cannot be brand loyalty. However, agencies believed that brand

sticking can be done. The idea still remains the same. Through the agencies but an

effective brand association with advertisers.

50

RECOMMENDATIONS

NDTV India is being accepted as a channel having potential to be the leader.

However, the fact that NDTV India is narrowing the channel share gap with

Aaj Tak needs to be made aware of. Also, the gap between position 2nd & 3rd

i.e India & Star News is widening is also not known among advertisers &

agencies. If this is made known then the perception is that the premium charge

of NDTV India could be validated vis- a – vis’ the leader currently. A copy of

channel performance can be mailed to the clients every quarterly to throw light

on the channel’s growth.

The destination choice for the Hindi news genre’ was occupied not

withstanding the fact that advertisers did mention about the upward

performance of NDTV India. However, they feel uncomfortable if Aaj Tak is

not in the media plan. This means that 1st mover advantage still hover the

advertisers’ mind. To break this more aggressive marketing of the channel

must be done. Develop programmes that can give exclusivity to the channel.

Eg- Gustaaki Maaf has been widely appreciated.

Most media planners & brand managers who are part & parcel of the buying &

selling decisions must be encouraged to watch the channel India. This will

develop personal satisfaction & conviction as will also corroborate their view

with that supplemented by research data.

At the programming end, the potential of NDTV as an advertising medium lies

in making more space to widen & accommodate a whole gamut of viewership.

News is not only meant for the male gender. Realising that the market

viewership is in expansion stage, efforts could be made to avoid constraining

to only one level of psyches’. If we could programme a 1hour slot exclusively

51

for children & their changing lives, choices they make, news affecting their

lives etc, then we are not only looking at viewership across 6-22 yrs but also

can penetrate into the viewership of parents . Besides this, such exclusivity can

widen the scope of advertising for more brands.

Brand personality of NDTV seemed to be in conflict with the intrinsic Hindi news

channels genre’ which is perceived to be for mass consumption. There seems to be

lack of coherence in what is expected from hindi news genre’ & what is presented.

However, this is a mere feedback & I believe that it will take some more time but

NDTV India will enter it mass market with the panache’ packaging it presents

coupled with simplicity of language. NDTV India with its content has been very

different from it existing competitors. The very fact that it is now NO. 2 explains the

slow & gradual acceptance of news & current affairs & informative programmes.

52

CONCLUSION

Every step of this project has been an enriching sojourn. Ever since the Television

industry experienced a boom a few years back, the growth of television channels was

hailed to be the next big prospect. Rightly enough, in 2003 there was an upsurge of

News as a genre’ with new hindi news channels getting launched.

For NDTV India to be the first choice, one needs to create the aura & demonstrate

consistent narrowing of the gap with Aaj Tak & rationalize its price – benefit

equation. NDTV India has done a splendid job in terms of its growth since its

inception. What is required next is to slowly steadily draw out as much share as

possible to make it officially No.1.

53

LIMITATIONS

Due to paucity of time more respondents could not be covered & the survey

had to be restricted to the sample size of 50 only.

Since convenient sampling has been used, despite best efforts it cannot be

representative of all the universe. This is because every corporate & every

product has a completely different story of advertising to narrate & rarely 2

can be the same.

There is no denial that during the course of the interview the respondents

might have been bias in expressing their opinions.

It was extremely difficult to get appointments for interviews & there was, at

times, reluctance to answer certain questions on part of respondents.

54

ANNEXURE

55

CUSTOMISED PROPOSAL FOR

“XYZ Pvt. Ltd.”

India’s Largest News Network

Contact Person : Ms. Abc Xyz

Campaign Period : 10 Days

Date of Proposal : 2nd May , 2009

56

Confirmation Deadline : 10th May , 2009

NDTV 24X7

NDTV PROFIT

NDTV METRONATION

Channel NDTV 24X7Time-band Days Secondages0800 – 1200 hrs Mon – Fri 9001200 – 1700 hrs Mon – Fri 12001700 – 2300 hrs Mon – Fri 900Total 3000

Channel NDTV ProfitTime-band Days Secondages0800 – 1200 hrs Mon – Fri 9001200 – 1700 hrs Mon – Fri 12001700 – 2300 hrs Mon – Fri 900Total 3000

Channel NDTV Metro NationTime-band Days Secondages0800 – 1200 hrs Mon – Fri 9001200 – 1700 hrs Mon – Fri 12001700 – 2300 hrs Mon – Fri 900Total 3000

57

TOTAL SECONDAGES: 9000 secondsTOTAL INVESTMENT ON NDTV Network: INR 18,66,000(Gross)+ Service Tax as applicable.

Terms and conditions

1. Service Tax applicable over & above the deal value. All

release orders to mention the same.

2. All payments to be made in advance in favor of New Delhi

Television Ltd.

3. All commercials must be minimum of 10 seconds & in multiple

of 5 seconds thereof & they must abide the advertising codes

laid down by the ministry of Information & Broadcasting,

Government of India from time to time.

4. Programs & Categories are subject to change.

5. Commercials Schedules/ Programs are subject to change in

case of Live Coverage / Breaking News / Special Events & in

case of commercials being dropped due to the same, will be

make-good in the immediate available space in applicable

time-band / program within 7 days.

6. All other NDTV terms & conditions are applicable.

7. NDTV invoices are final proof of telecast & no third party

monitoring report will be entertained.

8. In case the total entitlements are not consumed within the

contracted period, then NDTV will raise supplementary bills at

20% premium of deal Value to the Advertiser retrospectively

& the Advertiser will be liable to pay NDTV the revised value."

9. NDTV requires 04 working days to air, change, cancel the

Commercial spots & 07 working days to air, change, cancel

the Sponsorship.

58

Thanking You,

With Regards,ABC

NDTV Media Ltd9876543210

CUSTOMISED PROPOSAL FOR

XYZ Pvt. Ltd.

Contact Person : Ms. XYZ

Campaign Period : 1 Month

Date of Proposal : 1st May , 2009

Confirmation Deadline : 10th May , 2009

59

NDTV INDIA

Value Addition:

Sponsorship for one of the program on the channel, with opening and closing tag.

TOTAL SECONDAGES: 6000 secondsTOTAL INVESTMENT ON NDTV India: INR 9,00,000

Channel NDTV IndiaTime-band Days Secondages0800 – 1200 hrs Mon – Fri 25001200 – 1700 hrs Mon – Fri 10001700 – 2300 hrs Mon – Fri 2500Total 6000

60

Terms and conditions10. Service Tax applicable over & above the deal value. All

release orders to mention the same.

11. All payments to be made in advance in favor of New

Delhi Television Ltd.

12. All commercials must be minimum of 10 seconds & in

multiple of 5 seconds thereof & they must abide the

advertising codes laid down by the ministry of Information &

Broadcasting, Government of India from time to time.

13. Programs & Categories are subject to change.

14. Commercials Schedules/ Programs are subject to

change in case of Live Coverage / Breaking News / Special

Events & in case of commercials being dropped due to the

same, will be make-good in the immediate available space in

applicable time-band / program within 7 days.

15. All other NDTV terms & conditions are applicable.

16. NDTV invoices are final proof of telecast & no third

party monitoring report will be entertained.

17. In case the total entitlements are not consumed within

the contracted period, then NDTV will raise supplementary

bills at 20% premium of deal Value to the Advertiser

retrospectively & the Advertiser will be liable to pay NDTV the

revised value."

61

18. NDTV requires 04 working days to air, change, cancel

the Commercial spots & 07 working days to air, change,

cancel the Sponsorship.

Thanking You,

With Regards,ABCNDTV Media Ltd

62

SAMPLE QUESTIONNAIRE

ADVERTISING AGENCIES

63

QUESTIONNAIRE

NAME:

NAME OF THE ORGANIZATION:

PLACE:

DATE:

Q1. What factors do you emphasize on when you arrive at the selection of Television

channels?

a) Brand Association

b) Reach

c) Growth/Decline Trends

d) Innovations

e) Cost

Q2. How much allocation of the promotion budget is made to television & what kinds

of accounts are advertised on this medium?

a) 0-20%

b) 20-40%

c) 40-60%

d) 60-80%

e) 80-100%

64


a) 0-10%

b) 10-20%

c) 20-30%

d) 30-40%

e) 40-50%


a) English channels

b) Hindi channels

c) Both

Q5. What factors determine the importance of advertising on Hindi news channels?

a) Male Viewer

b) High End Products

c) Advertiser’s Profile

d) Northern Region

e) Content

f) News Anchors

g) Ratings

65


advertising & why?

A – Aaj Tak, NDTV India, Zee news

B- Aaj Tak, NDTV India, Star News, Zee News

C- Aaj Tak, Zee News, NDTV India

D- Star News, Aaj Tak, NDTV India, Zee News


a) Yes

b) No

Q8. Does your agency advertise on NDTV India?

a) Yes

b) No

Q9. What would drive your organization to advertise on NDTV India?

a) Rates

b) Innovation

c) Better Service

d) Better Deliveries

66

e) Numbers

f) Aggressive Marketing

.

Q10. How do you compare NDTV India with its current competitors set?

a) Distribution

b) Reporting

c) Anchors

d) Advertiser Profile

e) Programming

Q11. Does their exist brand loyalty among news channels?

a) Yes

b) No

67

SAMPLE QUESTIONNAIRE

CORPORATES

68

QUESTIONNAIRE

NAME:

NAME OF THE ORGANIZATION:

PLACE:

DATE:

Q1. What important factors do you consider in making your marketing &

communication objectives?

a) Target Group

b) Reach

c) Cost

d) Impact

e) Positioning

Q2. What % of the budget is allocated to Television promotion?

a) 0-20%

b) 20-40%

c) 40-60%

d) 60-80%

e) 80-100%

69


a) 0-10%

b) 10-20%

c) 20-30%

d) 30-40%

e) 40-50%

f) 50-60%

g) 60-70%

h) 70-80%

Q4. What channels do you advertise on currently?

a) NDTV 24*7

b) NDTV India

c) Star TV

d) Star News

e) Star World

f) HBO

g) Zee TV

h) Sony

i) Aaj Tak

70

Q5. What factors influence your decision to advertise on a particular channel?

a) Content

b) Rates/Cost

c) Performance

d) Reach

e) Target Group


a) English

b) Hindi

c) Both

Q7. If both what weightage in % does either carry in media mix?

Hindi- English Spends

a) 80%-20%

b) 50%-50%

c) 40%-60%

d) 30%-70%

71


advertising & why?

A – Aaj Tak, NDTV India, Star News

B – Aaj Tak, Star News, NDTV India

C – Zee news, NDTV India, Star news

D – Aaj Tak, Zee News, NDTV India, Star News

E – Star News, NDTV India, Aaj Tak

F – Aaj tak, Star News, Zee news, NDTV India

G – Aaj Tak, NDTV India, Zee News


a) Yes

b) No

Q10. Which news channel currently offers value for money to your campaign & why?

a) DD News

b) Star News

c) NDTV 24*7

d) NDTV India

e) Zee News

72

f) Aaj Tak

g) Sahara Samay

Q11. Does there exist brand loyalty among news channels?

a) Yes

b) No

c) Sometimes

d) NDTV 24*7

73

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Books

Marketing Management, by Philip Kotler

Manuals

Agency faqs

Websites

ndtv.com

google.com

74

project report on ndtv

Documents