project study turbine

7/30/2019 Project Study Turbine

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HIGHWAY WIND TURBINES

CHAPTER I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

INTRODUCTION

Nowadays communities facing deficiency in electricity due to increasing demand

every year. Thus, sometimes resulting to rotating brownout- giving consumers

headaches because of delay it caused them by the brownouts. Electricity is one of the

major needs of this fast growing and innovative world. In the households, schools,

government establishments, and most of all in businesses, we can see how important

electricity is. It greatly affects every humans life, every community, every nation and the

whole world. Because of the worlds continuous modernization, greater amount of

electricity supply becomes short. This gives researchers the idea of helping our natural

resources in producing electricity through an alternative source that we call Wind

Turbine. This turbine produces electricity from the wind which is the kinetic energy. All

the people know how important wind power is. But the only disadvantage with wind

power is that it needs continuous flow of wind to generate electricity. Moreover, this is

the reason that most of wind mills area is limited to large farmlands, sea and hills.

The project idea that the researchers would like to discuss today can solve this limitation

problem. One of the place in the world where winds keeps on flowing irrespective of

season whether day or night, but is near cities are Highways . What if the researchers

install wind turbine at highway dividers? A wind turbine is a device that converts kinetic
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energy from the wind, also called wind energy, into electrical energy. Thus, it harnesses

the power of the wind and uses it to generate electricity. It uses large blades to catch the

wind. When the wind blows, the blades are forced round, driving a turbine which

generates electricity. The stronger the wind, the more electricity produced. A typical

system in an exposed site could easily generate more power than your lights and

electrical appliances use. Today's wind turbines are manufactured in a wide range of

vertical and horizontal axis types. The smallest turbines are used for applications such as

battery charging or auxiliary power on boats; while large grid-connected arrays of

turbines are becoming an increasingly important source ofwind power-produced

commercial electricity.

There are two types of wind turbines. First Horizontal-axis wind turbines

(HAWT) have the main rotor shaft and electrical generator at the top of a tower, and must

be pointed into the wind. Small turbines are pointed by a simple wind vane, while large

turbines generally use a wind sensor coupled with a servo motor. Most have a gearbox,

which turns the slow rotation of the blades into a quicker rotation that is more suitable to

drive an electrical generator. And secondly Vertical-axis wind turbines(or VAWTs) have

the main rotor shaft arranged vertically. Key advantages of this arrangement are that the

turbine does not need to be pointed into the wind to be effective. This is an advantage on

sites where the wind direction is highly variable, for example when integrated into

buildings. The key disadvantages include the low rotational speed with the consequential

highertorqueand hence higher cost of the drive train, the inherently lowerpower

coefficient, the 360 degree rotation of the aerofoil within the wind flow during each cycle

and hence the highly dynamic loading on the blade, the pulsating torque generated by
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinetic_energyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_energyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_energyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_powerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotor_(turbine)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_generatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_vanehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servo_motorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertical-axis_wind_turbinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertical-axis_wind_turbinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_turbine_aerodynamicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_turbine_aerodynamicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_turbine_aerodynamicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_turbine_aerodynamicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_turbine_aerodynamicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_turbine_aerodynamicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertical-axis_wind_turbinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servo_motorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_vanehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_generatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotor_(turbine)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_powerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_energyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_energyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinetic_energy


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some rotor designs on the drive train, and the difficulty of modeling the wind flow

accurately and hence the challenges of analyzing and designing the rotor prior to

fabricating a prototype.

In order for our country to keep track with fast modernization in the world, we

need to invest in bringing greater technology which often resulted to greater needs of

electricity. And by continually doing this without thinking of conserving electricity, time

will come that there will be a vast shortage of electricity. Come to think of it, Philippines-

a small country, (that is still categorized to be one of the third world countries in the

world, which has lesser technologies and establishments) tends to consume lesser

electricity and yet experiencing shortage in it. The researches cannot imagine how much

larger electricity is being consumed by those countries that were frontline when it comes

to technology like Japan, America as well as Russia. Really, electricity shortage is (or

will be) a serious problem in the near future if we wont be able to prevent its continuous

use without considering any possible source alternatives.

. GENERAL OBJECTIVES

The general objective of the study is to come up with a high way wind turbines.

And to prove that in the c5 road can be installed a high wind turbine.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

The specific objective of the study is that vertical blade can also be used to build a

new innovative turbine. And to study that our project can be used in our country as

alternative source of energy.


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SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

Wind turbine as the researchers proposed can be of a great help in helping producing

additional supply of electricity, and some other advantages like it uses wind and the wind

is free and with modern technology it can be captured efficiently. Once the wind turbine

is built the energy it produces does not cause green house gases or other pollutants.

Although wind turbines can be very tall each takes up only a small plot of land. This

means that the space below can still be used. Remote areas that are not connected to the

electricity power grid can use wind turbines to produce their own supply. Wind turbines

have a role to play in both the developed and third world. Wind turbines are available in a

range of sizes which means a vast range of people and businesses can use them. Single

households to small towns and villages can make good use of range of wind turbines

available today.Installation on divider not only reduces our land cost but also

significantly optimize our power generation capability. We can use energy from vehicles

from both sides of divider. It can also generate electricity from natural wind.

SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

Though we could see how important and useful wind turbines are, still they have their

limitations. Since it uses wind and the strength of the wind is not constant and it varies

from zero to storm force. This means that wind turbines do not produce the same amount

of electricity all the time. There will be times when they produce no electricity at all.


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Chapter 2

Project concept

Review of related literature

At the beginning of 2010, a building in San Jose was equipped with WindSpires.

That was the Adobes building. The WindSpires turbine was manufactured in

Manistee, Michigan in the United States. The turbines were place on the sixth floor of

the building where winds can get to about 14mph. The WindSpire turbine converts

wind energy into measurable electricity through a vertical design, a rotor/generator

system (with a low speed giro mill and rotating air core motors), and a wireless

modem that an owner can track on a computer. And at a height of 30ft. tall and only

2-4 ft. wide, it is said that it can produce about 19000 kilowatt hours per year in 12

mile per hour average wind. That is about a quarter of the total energy used by a

regular U.S. household.

A student from an Arizona State University proposed a project of re-capturing

some of the energy produced by vehicles moving at high speeds. Knowing how much

air is generated by vehicles moving at speed, the proposal involves mounting

horizontal wind turbines above the roadway that would be driven by the moving air

generated by the passing traffic. The electricity generated by spinning these turbines

could be fed back into the grid. The students analysis indicates that based on vehicle

speeds of 70 mph each turbine could produce 9 600 kWh per year.


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Ariel Schwartz,02/05/10As more and more people across the world adopt cars as

their primary mode of transportation, well-lit highways become increasingly

important. But how can we sustainably power all those energy-sucking lights? TAK

Studio addressed that question in their entry into this years Greener

Gadgets competition to find the green technology solution of the future.

Dubbed the Turbine Light, their design aims to illuminate our roadways using the

power of the wind. TAKs wind-powered light uses the moving air from cars zipping

by on the highway to generate energy that can be used to power roadside lighting. Its

a controversial ideacould wind from passing cars actually provide enough power for

lighting?but one that has the potential to save lots of cash in already wind-heavy

regions. Alternatively, cities might consider using solar-powered lights instead. The

idea has been proven to work many times over, including at the recent COP15 climate

change conference. Tell us what you think by commenting below. Check out

the Turbine Light and all of the other amazing entries in the Greener Gadgets

Competition here and voice your choice for your favorite.

The BroadstarsAeroCam turbine design is an absolute head-turner. The design is

based on principles first established by the French aeronautical engineer Georges Jean

Marie Darrieus (1888-1979), who invented a wind turbine capable of operating from

any direction and under adverse weather conditions. Darrieus machines typically have

a vertical axis, whereas the AeroCam design has a horizontal axis with multiple

blades, giving it the appearance of a water wheel. The major innovation in the design,

however, is the ability to automatically and interactively adjust the pitch or angle of
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attack of the aerodynamic blades as the turbine rotates, thereby optimizing its

performance for much the same reasons a bird changes the shape of its wing in flight.

The Enercon E-126 wind turbine is currently the biggest and most powerful wind

turbine in the world, generating 6Mw. Now, generating 7.5Mw is yet to come the

biggest wind turbine called Britania 7.5Mw Clipper (Britania).

Helix Wind, who offers a well-designed system that, creates electricity to power

any home or small business. The Savories turbine-based design catches wind from all

directions, creating smooth powerful torque to spin the electric generator. Its

mounted up to 35 feet high, in winds as low as 10 mph, thus allowing the Helix

system to fulfill electricity needs, while being congruous with the environment. The

strength of the wind is captured by Helixs distinctive and efficient vert ical blade

design. The vertical Savonious 2.0 and Savonious 5.0 have a patent pending design

which empowers the turbine to convert wind power into energy less than 5 decibels

above background noise. Translation The noise that the turbine makes is similar to

the noise generated when wind passes through a tree or a house, compared to

conventional horizontal wind turbines that operate at up to ten times above the wind

speed, which is responsible for the piercing whistling sound near wind farms

The Jellyfish Wind Appliance consists of the following parts: A vertical-axis

wind turbine (VAWT), A solid-state controller, and A variable-speed induction

generator. At a mere 36 inches tall, the Jellyfish can generate about 40 kilowatt hours

each month which is enough to light a home using high-efficiency bulbs. Because of

its price, design and simplicity, this has been now a fresh face in the


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market.Developed by Solar Aero, a research company in New Hampshire, this

bladeless wind turbine is inspired by a patent issued to Nikola Tesla in 1913. This

wind turbine is the so called Fuller Wind Turbine which has only one rotating part,

known as the turbine-driveshaft and is assembled inside housing. Environmentalists

often dislike wind turbines because they kill birds and bats and often generate noise

for the residents living nearby. Thus, enabling the wind industry to find a solution to

the problem by working with environmental groups, federal regulators, and other

interested parties, resulting to the development of the Fuller Wind Turbine.

The Rose Wind Turbine is the latest invention to be introduced in order to take portable

wind power on the go. It is a small portable device that is small enough to fit into the trunk of

the car and barely be noticed. The design itself was influenced by a rose. Wind turbines are

commonly known for making a lot of noise. While this is obviously not 325 feet tall and

would be much quieter anyway, it hardly creates a whisper. That is the sexy thing about the

Rose Wind Turbineit is quiet.

The designers concept behind the foldable wind generator is to be able to support

power on the go in areas that do not have access to electricity. Whether it was the

beginning of a construction project or a community that lacked electricity, these

portable units could be put up to supply the necessary power to that specific area.

This wind turbine with the foldable wind generator is called Eolic, which is a very

interesting design. It is made of very light-weight materials that are going to have a

tough time standing tall in any wind that would be strong enough to actually generate

the power that they are talking about. It has a distinct advantage over solar power

since it could work all day long versus needing to recharge. They could also be sold


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as a package to ensure constant renewable energy on the go. In that way, that would

be a two-pack that people would surely stand in line for.

The Kite Wind Generator simply known as KiteGen is an Italian company. They

are installing kites that sprout from funnel like structures. When wind blows these

kites come out of funnels. For short, use kites that spring from funnels on the end of

giant poles when the wind blows. These kites are light and ultra-resistant, capable of

flying up to a height of 2,000 meters. KiteGen have thought of new ways to exploit

the wind power existing at an altitude. They have installed all the light devices in the

air and heavy ones on the ground for generating power. They have also provided

flexibility regarding the height of kites. If the wind is strong at certain height, the

height of the kite too can be adjusted accordingly. If we say the wind blows nicely at

1000m, kites can be adjusted at the same height. The KiteGen people are concerned

with the environment too. They dont want the lives of birds to be affected by their

flying kites. So they have installed the advanced radar system that can redirect kites

within seconds in case they detect flying of birds.

Micro Wind turbine systems, on a smaller scale, can provide power to all, or a

portion of your home, your farm or your business. This same technology can power

up parking lots and illuminate bridges and billboards. A good wind source and a

fertile imagination combine to make an endless list of applications. Ranchers are

pumping water for livestock, fish farmers are aerating ponds and RV'rs are enjoying

direct current camping away from the crowds. A simple home back up power supply:

1 or 2 turbine systems, battery, inverter & wiring, that's it. Power gets interrupted or

goes down; you can still run important appliances or lights and tools. According to


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the EPA; a 100 watt light bulb produces over 75 lbs of co2 annually. The average

large screen TV will produce 3 times that amount. When you plug in anything

electrical, you are using mostly fossil or nuclear fuel. Besides saving money, it will

be great for the environment.

Calmac Booth, is the company that thinks of storing extra power in ice. With the

demand of renewable energy increasing with every passing day, inventors are trying

to find the best possible means to store the generated energy during the best time, to

provide power when the generators arent getting the resources they need. It is natural

phenomenon that the wind blows stronger at night than in the day we dont need that

extra energy during nighttime. We can now store this energy and use it during

daytime when the load is too much on the grid. Calmac Booth is manufacturing a

hybrid cooling system. This system exploits an ice bank thermal energy storage tank

known as IceBank. This makes and stores ice for use in air conditioning systems

when the wind is blowing a bit faster of the sun isnt shining, that is, at night. The

unique property of the IceBank is that the ice is built uniformly throughout the tank.

Charging cycle of an IceBank tank takes about 6 to 12 hours. This device can also be

utilized in conjunction with a solar panel array.

Rory Handel and Maxx Bricklinas from Beverly Hills, California designed the

sleek motor of the new power packed performance super car that has been designed to

run at the speed of 155 mph without conventional fuel. For startup this car will use

solar powered battery but later draw its energy from circulating air. To achieve an

acceleration of 0 to 60 mph this car will take less than four seconds. A full battery

would empower the driver to travel more than 200 miles or to race around a track for


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an hour. Four tacticallyplaced air intakes will be built discretely into the cars

bodywork. These air intakes will channel the airflow over the cars body towards the

turbine. There are two intakes on the front of the car and one on each side towards the

rear. The turbine is concealed within the car body and will be connected to an

alternator. This alternator will boost the amount of electricity available to the car by

20 to 25 per cent.

Mahesh Basantani, 11/26/07The MadLev is a magnetically levitated wind turbine

that can generate one Gigawatt of power (enough to power 750,000 homes) and

delivers clean power for less than one cent per kilowatt hour using this wind

turbine.Magnetic levitation is a very efficient method of capturing wind energy. The

blades of the turbine are suspended on a cushion of air, and the energy is directed to

linear generators with minimal fiction losses. But the big advantage with maglev is

that it reduces maintenance costs, and increases the lifespan of the generator. The

manufacturer claims that it requires less land space than hundreds of conventional

turbines. The MagLev wind turbine was invented by Ed Mazur, a researcher of

variable renewable energy sources since 1981. There are already several MagLev

wind turbines in operation in China.
http://inhabitat.com/author/mahesh/http://inhabitat.com/author/mahesh/


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Conceptual Framework

SDFSDFFDGDFSGDF

SS

Knowledge:

Vertical axis wind

mill using alternator Wind Energy

Variables

- Wind Speed

- Climate

- Speed of the

vehicle

Peopleware:

End User:

-Community &

Establishments

-Schools

Management:

-Approval by the

City Government

Hardware:

Alternator

Car Battery

Polycarbonate

Belt & Pulley

Angle bar

Flat bar Pillow block

Rod

Anemometer

No

Yes

No

Yes

Hi-Way Wind

Turbine

Problem IdentificationAlternative Source of Energy

Data Gathering

Principle and operation of:

Alternator

Variables

o Wind speed

o Climate

o Car velocity

Final Controlled Element:

o Car Battery

o Bulb

Intermediate Controlled Element:

o Blade rotation

Primary Data:

o Discussions,

question, and

canvassing

Secondary Data:

o Research

Deliverables:

o Capability/Kno

wledge of the

researchers

Design

Autocad layout

Sketch-u la out

Development Purchasing the materials

Assembling hardware

Installation of equipment

Fabrication of case and frame

Testing & Evaluation Functionality & reliability testing

Prototype Evaluation

Implementation of project study in any

communities and establishments.

Functionality

Ok?

Evaluation

Ok?


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Definition of terms

Alternator - an electromechanical device that converts mechanical energy to electrical

energy in the form ofalternating current. Most alternators use a rotating magnetic

field with a stationary armature but occasionally, a rotating armature is used with a

stationary magnetic field; or a linear alternator is used.

Altitude - it is defined based on the context in which it is used (aviation, geometry,

geographical survey, sport, and more). As a general definition, altitude is a distance

measurement, usually in the vertical or "up" direction, between a reference datum and a

point or object.

Bearing - Any of various machine elements that constrain the relative motion between

two or more parts to only the desired type of motion. This is typically to allow and

promote free rotation around a fixed axis or free linear movement; it may also be

to prevent any motion, such as by controlling the vectors ofnormal forces. Bearings may

be classified broadly according to the motions they allow and according to their principle

of operation, as well as by the directions of applied loads they can handle.

Belt (mechanical) - a loop of flexible material used to link two or more

rotating shafts mechanically. Belts may be used as a source of motion, to transmit power

efficiently, or to track relative movement. Belts are looped over pulleys.

Blade - portion of a tool, weapon, or machine with an edge that is designed to cut and/or

puncture, stab, slash, chop, slice, thrust, or scrape animate or inanimate surfaces or
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generator_(device)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating_currenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_fieldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_fieldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armature_(electrical_engineering)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_alternatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datum_(geodesy)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_elementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moving_partshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotation_around_a_fixed_axishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line_(geometry)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector_(mathematics_and_physics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal_forcehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belt_(mechanical)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belt_(mechanical)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drive_shafthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_(mechanics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weaponhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weaponhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_(mechanics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drive_shafthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belt_(mechanical)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal_forcehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector_(mathematics_and_physics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line_(geometry)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotation_around_a_fixed_axishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moving_partshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_elementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datum_(geodesy)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_alternatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armature_(electrical_engineering)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_fieldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_fieldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating_currenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generator_(device)


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materials. A blade may be made from a flaking stone, such as flint, metal

(usually steel), ceramic, or other material.

Bolt - is a type offastener characterized by a helical ridge, known as an external

thread or just thread, wrapped around a cylinder. Some screw threads are designed to

mate with a complementary thread, known as an internal thread, often in the form of

a nutor an object that has the internal thread formed into it.

Capacitor - a passive two-terminal electrical component used to store energy in

an electric field. The forms of practical capacitors vary widely, but all contain at least

two electrical conductors separated by a dielectric (insulator); for example, one common

construction consists of metal foils separated by a thin layer of insulating film.

Circuit - composed of individual electronic components, such

as resistors, transistors, capacitors, inductors and diodes, connected by conductive wires

or traces through which electric current can flow. The combination of components and

wires allows various simple and complex operations to be performed: signals can be

amplified, computations can be performed, and data can be moved from one place to

another.

Decibel- a logarithmic unit that indicates the ratio of a physical quantity

(usually power or intensity) relative to a specified or implied reference level. A ratio in

decibels is ten times the logarithm to base 10 of the ratio of two power quantities. The

decibel is used for a wide variety of measurements in science and engineering, most

prominently in acoustics, electronics, and control theory. In electronics, the gains of
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flinthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceramichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fastenerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helixhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screw_threadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nut_(hardware)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passivity_(engineering)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_(electronics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_componenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_fieldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_conductorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dielectrichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resistorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transistorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inductorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diodehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_currenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logarithmic_unithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_(physics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intensity_(physics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engineeringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acousticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_theoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_theoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acousticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engineeringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intensity_(physics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_(physics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logarithmic_unithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_currenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diodehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inductorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transistorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resistorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dielectrichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_conductorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_fieldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_componenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_(electronics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passivity_(engineering)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nut_(hardware)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screw_threadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helixhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fastenerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceramichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flint


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amplifiers, attenuation of signals, and signal-to-noise ratios are often expressed in

decibels.

Diode - a two-terminal electronic component with asymmetric transfer

characteristic, with low (ideally zero) resistance to current flow in one direction, and

high (ideally infinite) resistance in the other. A semiconductor diode, the most common

type today, is a crystalline piece ofsemiconductor material with a p-n junction connected

to two electrical terminals.

Fiberglass - Fiberglass is a lightweight, extremely strong, and robust material. Although

strength properties are somewhat lower than carbon fiber and it is less stiff, the material

is typically far less brittle, and the raw materials are much less expensive. Its bulk

strength and weight properties are also very favorable when compared to metals, and it

can be easily formed using molding processes.

Fluorescent lamp - A gas-discharge lamp that uses electricity to excite mercury vapor.

The excited mercury atoms produce short-wave ultraviolet light that then causes

a phosphor to fluoresce, producing visible light. A fluorescent lamp converts electrical

power into useful light more efficiently than an incandescent lamp. Lower energy cost

typically offsets the higher initial cost of the lamp.

Friction loss - refers to that portion of pressure lost by fluids while moving through a

pipe, hose, or other limited space. In mechanical systems such as internal combustion

engines, it refers to the power lost overcoming the friction between two moving surfaces.

Gearbox - A machine consists of a power source and a power transmission system,

which provides controlled application of the power. Merriam-Webster
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attenuationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal-to-noise_ratiohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_(electronics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_componenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfer_characteristichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfer_characteristichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_resistance_and_conductancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infinityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystallinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiconductorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P-n_junctionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_fiberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas-discharge_lamphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Excited_statehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercury_(element)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluorescencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lighthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incandescent_light_bulbhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_combustion_enginehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_combustion_enginehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_(mechanical)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_(mechanical)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_combustion_enginehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_combustion_enginehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incandescent_light_bulbhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lighthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluorescencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercury_(element)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Excited_statehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas-discharge_lamphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_fiberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P-n_junctionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiconductorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystallinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infinityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_resistance_and_conductancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfer_characteristichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfer_characteristichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_componenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_(electronics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal-to-noise_ratiohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attenuation


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defines transmission as an assembly of parts including the speed-changing gears and the

propeller shaft by which the power is transmitted from an engine to a live axle.

Kilowatt - The kilowatt is equal to one thousand (103) watts, or onesthene-

metrepersecond. This unit is typically used to express the output power ofenginesand

the power consumption of electric motors, tools, machines, and heaters. It is also a

common unit used to express theelectromagneticpower output of broadcast radio and

televisiontransmitters.

Lead - is a chemical element in the carbon group with symbol Pb (from Latin: plumbum)

and atomic number 82. Lead is a soft, malleablepoor metal. It is also counted as one of

the heavy metals. Metallic lead has a bluish-white color after being freshly cut, but it

soon tarnishes to a dull grayish color when exposed to air. Lead has a shiny chrome-silver

luster when it is melted into a liquid.

Wires - a strand of drawn metal used especially in electrical conductors and fencing.

light-emitting diode (LED) - a semiconductor light source. LEDs are used as indicator

lamps in many devices and are increasingly used for other lighting. Appearing as

practical electronic components in 1962, early LEDs emitted low-intensity red light, but

modern versions are available across the visible, ultraviolet, and infrared wavelengths,

with very high brightness.

Megawatt - The megawatt is equal to one million (106

) watts. Many events or machines

produce or sustain the conversion of energy on this scale, including lightning strikes;

large electric motors; largewarships such as aircraft carriers, cruisers, and submarines;

large server farms or data centers; and some scientific research equipment, such
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sthenehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sthenehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enginehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enginehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enginehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_radiationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_radiationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_radiationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmitterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmitterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_elementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_grouphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_numberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malleablehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_metal_(chemistry)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarnishhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiconductorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lightinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visible_spectrumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infraredhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wavelengthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lightninghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warshiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircraft_carrierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruiserhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submarinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_farmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_center#Energy_usehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_center#Energy_usehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_farmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submarinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruiserhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircraft_carrierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warshiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lightninghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wavelengthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infraredhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visible_spectrumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lightinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiconductorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarnishhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_metal_(chemistry)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malleablehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malleablehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_numberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_grouphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_elementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmitterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_radiationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enginehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sthene


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as supercolliders, and also in the output pulses of very large lasers. A large residential or

commercial building may consume several megawatts in electric power and heat.

MPH - miles per hour, a measurement of speed.

PCB - A printed circuit board, or PCB, is used to mechanically support and electrically

connect electronic components using conductive pathways, tracks or signal

traces etched from copper sheets laminated onto a non-conductive substrate. It is also

referred to as printed wiring board(PWB) or etched wiring board. Printed circuit

boards are used in virtually all but the simplest commercially produced electronic

devices.

Pulley - a wheel on an axle that is designed to support movement of a cable or belt along

its circumference. Pulleys are used in a variety of ways to lift loads, apply forces, and to

transmit power.

PVC pipe - used for the conveyance ofdrinking water, waste water, chemicals, heating

fluid and cooling fluids, foodstuffs, ultra-pure liquids, slurries, gases, compressed

air and vacuum system applications.

Radar - an object-detection system which uses radio waves to determine the range,

altitude, direction, or speed of objects. It can be used to detectaircraft,

ships, spacecraft, guided missiles, motor vehicles, weather formations, and terrain. The

radar dish or antenna transmits pulses of radio waves ormicrowaves which bounce off

any object in their path.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supercolliderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miles_per_hourhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_componenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_conductorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_etchinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copperhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laminatedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substrate_(electronics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axlehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drinking_waterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wastewaterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemicalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coolanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foodstuffhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ultra-pure_liquid&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slurryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compressed_airhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compressed_airhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuum_system_applicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_wavehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircrafthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spacecrafthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guided_missileshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_vehiclehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weather_radarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microwavehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microwavehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weather_radarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_vehiclehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guided_missileshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spacecrafthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircrafthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_wavehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuum_system_applicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compressed_airhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compressed_airhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slurryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ultra-pure_liquid&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foodstuffhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coolanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemicalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wastewaterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drinking_waterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axlehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substrate_(electronics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laminatedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copperhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_etchinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_conductorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_componenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miles_per_hourhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supercollider


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Resistor - a passive two-terminal electrical component that implements electrical

resistance as a circuit element.

Solar power - a conversion ofsunlight into electricity, either directly

using photovoltaics (PV), or indirectly using concentrated solar power(CSP).

Concentrated solar power systems use lenses or mirrors and tracking systems to focus a

large area of sunlight into a small beam. Photovoltaics convert light into electric current

using the photoelectric effect.

Thermal energy - the part of the total internal energy of a thermodynamic system or

sample of matter that results in the system temperature.[1]

This quantity may be difficult

to determine or even meaningless unless the system has attained its temperature only

through heating, and not been subjected to work input or output, or any other energy-

changing processes.

Windmill - machine which converts the energy of wind into rotational energy by means

of vanes called sails or blades. Originally windmills were developed for milling grain for

food production. In the course of history the windmill was adapted to many other

industrial uses.

Woodblock - essentially a small piece ofslit drum made from a single piece

ofwood and used as a percussion instrument. It is struck with a stick, making a

characteristically percussive sound.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passivity_(engineering)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_(electronics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_componenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_resistancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_resistancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunlighthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentrated_solar_powerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoelectric_effecthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_energyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamic_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperaturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_energy#cite_note-eb-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_energy#cite_note-eb-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_energy#cite_note-eb-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windpowerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windmill_sailhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grist_millhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slit_drumshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percussion_instrumenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percussion_instrumenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slit_drumshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grist_millhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windmill_sailhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windpowerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_energy#cite_note-eb-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperaturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamic_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_energyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoelectric_effecthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentrated_solar_powerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunlighthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_resistancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_resistancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_componenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_(electronics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passivity_(engineering)


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CHAPTER 3

Methodology

A. Project Planning (design & drawing)


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Materials of vertical axis wind turbine

1. Blades (plastic / fiber glass /

PVC pipe)

2. Bearings

3. Belt pulley

4. Alternator

5. Circuit

PCB or bread board

Resistor

Capacitor

Diode

Lead and wires

6. LED or fluorescent light bulb


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7. Wires

8. Bolts and knuts

9. Wooden blocks

10.Steel rod


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B. Project Development

Besides milling grain and irrigating farmland, windmills were adapted to a

variety tasks from the 15th

to the 19th

century, including pumping seawater as part

of land reclamation projects in the Low Countries, sawing wood, making paper,

pressing oil from seeds, and grinding many different materials. By the 19th

century the Dutch had built about 9000 windmills, many of which remain use

today. Of the major improvements on the windmills, the most important was the

fantail, a mechanism invented in 1745 that automatically rotates the sails into the

wind. In 1772 the spring sail was developed. This type of sail consist of wood

shutters, the openings of which can be controlled either manually or automatically

to maintain a constant sail speed in wind varying speeds. Other improvement

include the application of air brakes to stop the sails from rotating and the use of

propeller like airfoils in place of sails, which increases the mills in the light winds.

The next major innovation in wind-energy technology was achieved in 1890,

when wind mills were used to generating electricity were widely used in the

Netherlands, Denmark, and many European countries and in several U.S location.

Windmills developed in the 20th

century can be classified as horizontal

axis or vertical axis machines, depending on their axis rotation. Here in the

Philippines as a engineering student. As inventor, developing or innovating wind

turbines such a great ideas. By using air force coming from the moving cars it can

generate electricity. And it can be a good alternative source of energy.


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A. Fabrication

In fabricating our projects we need to follow the step by step procedure.

Step 1Preparing the Materials Needed

First make sure that the all needed materials are available.

Then make sure that the all materials needed are in the proper places.

Make sure that the tools needed is already and functional.

Then make sure that before start fabricating, think always the SAFETY

FIRST and the working place is also SAFE.

Step 2- Preparing the parts of the base

Cut a 4 pieces of metal pipe with an inside diameter of 1 (This will be

our stand). Then make sure that the metal pipe is already no sharpen edge

to make sure it cant be harm.

Then Cut a 4pieces of angular bar (the size of angular bar 3/16x1) with a

length of 2ft and 4inch. (this will be our length in our Alternator and

Battery holder).

After that cut again the same angular bar cut again a 4 pieces of 1ft and 6

inch in length (this will be our width of our Alternator and Battery holder).

Cut the same material an angular bar 4pieces with a length of 1ft in length

this will be the holder to the rectangular holder of the Alternator and

Battery).

After cutting, make sure first that the all rectangular bar are already filed

the edge of it and already light soften the layer (using the sand paper).


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After finishing the stand and holder of our alternator and battery then go

on to the next level the holder of our pillow block. Cut an 8 pieces of a flat

bar (the size of the flat bar is 3/16x1) with a 2ft and 4inches in length.

Then cut again an 8 pieces with a 1ft and 6inch in length.

After cutting the all flat bar that will be the holder of pillow block. But

first make sure that the all flat bar are no sharpen in the edge to avoid

accident.

Step 3-Assembling the Base

After cutting the all parts then we go to the welding station. Before make

sure that the all parts are in the pattern given in the drawing. After pattern

it welding first the side rectangular holder of the alternator and battery(do

the same because we need 2 rectangular holder to make it like a box).

Then put the metal pipe stand to the side of rectangular holder (make sure

that the stand pipe are in right stand. Use an L-SQUARE). After welding

the all 4 sides of the rectangular holder and the stand is already fix in

Get the angular bar with a length of 1 and 6 inches in length and put in the

top of the rectangular holder and welding it (use again the L-SQUARE to

make sure that it is in straight position).

After that if it is already fix put again the second rectangular holder on the

top of the rectangular stand then welding it in to the side.

Then get the flat bar with the length of the 2ft and 4inches and the 1ft and

6inches. (The longest one will be the in length welding and the shortest

one will be in width in welding) Welding it to the top of the top


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rectangular bar by 2pieces by length and width each by cross. But make

sure that the hole of the pillow block is in right position in the flat bar.

(Because the flat bar will be the holder of the pillow block). Do the same

in the second rectangular holder or in the second rectangular holder (Make

sure that use an L-SQUARE for accurate alignment of the flat bar).

After welding the all parts in base part. We need to put the pillow block in

the top of the flat bar and when it is align we need to put mark inside the

hole. (Make sure that the mark is aligned) and then do the same under or

to the 2

nd

flat bar (Make sure the alignment or the measure are the same).

Then Use drill to drill the mark in the flat bar and make a hole make sure

that the hole of the pillow block and the hole of the flat bar are in aligned.

Then use bolt and knot that will fitted to the hole and fix it. The base is

already finished.

Step 4- Preparing the shaft

The shaft will be the connector of our pulley and the blade.

First cut a solid round bar with a diameter of 1 and a length of 4ft.

Step 5- Preparing the Blade

First cut the metal pipe to a 3 pieces of bracer with a length of 5inches

each (the diameter of the metal pipe is 1 and ).

After that do framing for our poly carbon. Because the poly carbon will be

our blade. Doing the framing cut first the same flat bar we use 3 pieces


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with a length of 2ft. and 4 inch. After that cut again 2ft in length with 2

pieces.

Then cut a square bar again a 2 pieces with and a length of 2ft. and

4inches. Also the same size 2pieces of 1ft and 6inches.

Then bend the longest square bar and the flat bar. Make the size of the flat

and square bar into 2ft. after bending get the all flat bar and welding it to

their side by side. Make sure that the bending square will be in the top and

down. The side of the framing will be only in straight position.(the size

will become 2ft by ft)

After that bend again the 2ft. and 4 inches flat bar (the size of it if it is

already will become 2ft.) after bending put the bend flat bar on the top of

square bar also in the middle and in the down then welding it side by side.

Then put the straight flat bar also in top of the straight square bar.

After finishing welding the frame, cut the poly carbon make sure that the

size will follow the frame. Then to fix it use and rivet side by side (to be

more strengthen it, I will advise to rivet it more). Do the same process

because we need 4 blades.

After due 4 blades, position it like a blade then welding the 4 blades and

fix it in the bracer. (Make sure the blade are in alignment and have exact

distance to each other). Make sure that bracer is already fix in the top

center and down of the blades.

Step 6- Finishing the Assembly

Get the base and the shaft, get also the pulley.


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First get the base then shaft then put the shaft inside of the first pillow

block (bearing) then get the pulley and put it also the shaft inside the hole

of pulley then put it again in the second hole of the pillow block.( it is

your decision how tall of your blade you want) after that to make sure that

the shaft will not fall down tighten the allen screw in the 2 pillow block.

Then get the blade then drill the 3 bracer also the solid shaft. But make

sure drilling the shaft just a little bit and put threads inside of it.( make

sure that the drilling the hole of in the bracer and in the shaft are aligned.

Then get a screw and screw the blade into the shaft and fix it (make sure

that if you screw it, it also strengthen to avoid falling down the blade).

After that make sure that the all parts are connected to each other. (the

blade are connected to the shaft the shaft are connected to the pillow block

and the pillow block are connected to the base. The pulley is connected to

the shaft then the pulley has a belt which connected to the alternator).

After checking the all parts, it is already to test.

D. Project Trial and Testing

As weve noticed in any project about wind turbine when we do trial and testing,

is all about wind. We can say that the wind is the most important factor on how your

wind turbine functions very well. Wind turbine, compose of wind blades, gear box,

generator or maybe alternator and batteries is very amazing project. But if the wind is not

so performing very well the wind turbine will become display only or maybe it will not


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function to produce specific electricity. Our group made some experiment with the use of

mini wind turbine which is a fan made from a paper which is look like a flower and place

it on the electric fan. Then as we noticed when we place the paper fan near to the electric

fan, the paper fan turn quickly and after that, when we started that the paper fan getting

far for the electric fan it really turns slowly. We can say that the strong the wind the

strong it turns and if turns faster the better it will function. Just like in wind turbine the

greater the wind the greater the electricity produced. We must be also aware to the case

of not uniformly distributed of the wind in any places because its nature and we cant

control it. We must think some ideas on how to be solved these problem and we can say

it is on our process now in doing our project studies. In this project the most factor that

you will need to be concentrate is on the location where did you place the wind turbine.

Be noted to the place if there is a high performance of wind or low performance of wind,

so that we can aware to the electricity that will be produced by the wind turbine.

E. Evaluation

After Careful evaluation The Driving Wind power has some obvious advantages its

clean and renewable and relatively cheap. While these advantages are largely global in

nature, reduced greenhouse gas emissions and fossil fuel depletion, the disadvantages are

primarily local, land use, noise and visual pollution. Of course, the main disadvantage of

wind power is that the wind does not blow consistently or steadily and noise from the

turbines. Also the researcher determined the driving forces of the wind power system that

would definitely put the application on top of the free wind power energy Industry.

Energy Saver, Green Technology, motor Life Efficient, Low Maintenance Cost, Reliable

and with Sophisticated Control and Management System are the driving forces. The total


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machine affiance at low torque and low wind force in-coming from relative speed of

different vehicle at speed range of 40-50min 100-120max KPH produce turbulent wind

that would take up force that turns the turbines. The car aerodynamic design which are

design to make reduce the drag force of the wind incoming to them. Minimize this

turbulent wind at the side of the car to sufficiently run the turbines at minimum rate.

When at one side of the wind turbines .Larger vehicles are great producer of wind power

yet only at the front which set aside the wind pressure accelerates at peak, after it the

pressure drops at the body of the vehicle which gives the final displacement for the wind

then gradually turn down to low pressure at the back of the vehicle and return to normal

wind pressure at normal rate, after the car pass by. Wind compression and interference

happen when, where the wind direction and the car direction are the same on side

.maximum attainment of wind power can gain. Where 2 vehicles at the same side of the

wind the turbines met with maximum wind force. Machine wind turbines are work with

this wind power ranging varies directly to different vehicles size, aerodynamic design,

airflow and direction, environmental pressure and humidity are factors affecting wind

quality receives by the turbines to turn at stable rate. Although in abundances of wind

power the Design of turbines harness the affiance of the wind to power conversion at

feasible cost for production.


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vehicles/

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http://www.alternative-energy-news.info/storing-wind-power-as-ice/

http://www.alternative-energy-news.info/running-a-car-on-wind-energy/

http://www.mywindpowersystem.com/2011/09/01/alternative-wind-turbine-designs-part-1/http://green.autoblog.com/2007/05/01/highway-wind-turbines-to-capture-energy-from-passing-vehicles/http://green.autoblog.com/2007/05/01/highway-wind-turbines-to-capture-energy-from-passing-vehicles/http://inhabitat.com/turbine-light-powers-highway-lights-with-wind/http://www.mywindpowersystem.com/2009/05/23/the-most-amazing-wind-turbines-designs/http://www.mywindpowersystem.com/2009/05/23/the-most-amazing-wind-turbines-designs/http://gcaptain.com/the-most-interesting-wind-turbine-designs/http://www.mywindpowersystem.com/2009/05/23/the-most-amazing-wind-turbines-designs/http://www.alternative-energy-news.info/bladeless-wind-turbine-inspired-by-nikola-tesla/http://www.alternative-energy-news.info/rose-wind-turbine/http://www.alternative-energy-news.info/wind-turbine-power-portable-foldable-wind-generator/http://www.alternative-energy-news.info/kite-wind-generator/http://greenearthpowersaver.com/aff.php?a=dwhttp://www.alternative-energy-news.info/storing-wind-power-as-ice/http://www.alternative-energy-news.info/running-a-car-on-wind-energy/http://www.mywindpowersystem.com/2009/05/23/the-most-amazing-wind-turbines-designs/http://www.mywindpowersystem.com/2009/05/23/the-most-amazing-wind-turbines-designs/http://www.alternative-energy-news.info/running-a-car-on-wind-energy/http://www.alternative-energy-news.info/storing-wind-power-as-ice/http://greenearthpowersaver.com/aff.php?a=dwhttp://www.alternative-energy-news.info/kite-wind-generator/http://www.alternative-energy-news.info/wind-turbine-power-portable-foldable-wind-generator/http://www.alternative-energy-news.info/rose-wind-turbine/http://www.alternative-energy-news.info/bladeless-wind-turbine-inspired-by-nikola-tesla/http://www.mywindpowersystem.com/2009/05/23/the-most-amazing-wind-turbines-designs/http://gcaptain.com/the-most-interesting-wind-turbine-designs/http://www.mywindpowersystem.com/2009/05/23/the-most-amazing-wind-turbines-designs/http://www.mywindpowersystem.com/2009/05/23/the-most-amazing-wind-turbines-designs/http://inhabitat.com/turbine-light-powers-highway-lights-with-wind/http://green.autoblog.com/2007/05/01/highway-wind-turbines-to-capture-energy-from-passing-vehicles/http://green.autoblog.com/2007/05/01/highway-wind-turbines-to-capture-energy-from-passing-vehicles/http://www.mywindpowersystem.com/2011/09/01/alternative-wind-turbine-designs-part-1/


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http://www.ricksstrangeworld.com/alternative_energy.htm

http://paksc.org/pk/admin-posts/item/438-how-to-make-vawt-vertical-axis-wind-turbine-alternator-coil-for-

science-project.html

http://www.angelfire.com/ak5/energy21/magnetitecoregenerator.htm

http://theepicenter.com/tow052903.html

http://www.applied-sciences.net/library/data/zoetrope-wind-turbine.pdf

http://makeprojects.com/Project/Wind-Lantern/675/1#.UDkg7dYgc1M

http://small-generator.com/buy/index.php?main_page=product_info&products_id=9
http://www.ricksstrangeworld.com/alternative_energy.htmhttp://paksc.org/pk/admin-posts/item/438-how-to-make-vawt-vertical-axis-wind-turbine-alternator-coil-for-science-project.htmlhttp://paksc.org/pk/admin-posts/item/438-how-to-make-vawt-vertical-axis-wind-turbine-alternator-coil-for-science-project.htmlhttp://www.angelfire.com/ak5/energy21/magnetitecoregenerator.htmhttp://theepicenter.com/tow052903.htmlhttp://www.applied-sciences.net/library/data/zoetrope-wind-turbine.pdfhttp://makeprojects.com/Project/Wind-Lantern/675/1#.UDkg7dYgc1Mhttp://small-generator.com/buy/index.php?main_page=product_info&products_id=9http://small-generator.com/buy/index.php?main_page=product_info&products_id=9http://makeprojects.com/Project/Wind-Lantern/675/1#.UDkg7dYgc1Mhttp://www.applied-sciences.net/library/data/zoetrope-wind-turbine.pdfhttp://theepicenter.com/tow052903.htmlhttp://www.angelfire.com/ak5/energy21/magnetitecoregenerator.htmhttp://paksc.org/pk/admin-posts/item/438-how-to-make-vawt-vertical-axis-wind-turbine-alternator-coil-for-science-project.htmlhttp://paksc.org/pk/admin-posts/item/438-how-to-make-vawt-vertical-axis-wind-turbine-alternator-coil-for-science-project.htmlhttp://www.ricksstrangeworld.com/alternative_energy.htm

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