promoting responsible aquaculture through science‐based technology and knowledge – aquanor –...

AquaNor – Bergen, Norway – August 2013

Promoting Responsible Aquaculture through Science based ‐

Technology and Knowledge

Árni M. MathiesenFAO, Rome


Trends in fish supplies

1950

1951

1952

1953

1954

1955

1956

1957

1958

1959

1960

1961

1962

1963

1964

1965

1966

1967

1968

1969

1970

1971

1972

1973

1974

1975

1976

1977

1978

1979

1980

1981

1982

1983

30682

31048

31413

31778

32143

32509

32874

33239

33604

33970

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

0.0010.0020.0030.0040.0050.0060.0070.0080.0090.00

100.00

mt

Aquaculture

Capture Fisheries

FAO, 2013

Aquaculture productionAmericas, Europe, Africa, and Oceania Combined. 9%

[Million Tonnes]

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 20100

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

China61%

Asia91%

FAO, 2013

AquaNor – Bergen, Norway - August 2013

FactsAquaculture is

the fastest growing food production sector in the world


Average annualproduction increase

(1970–2008)

Average annualproduction increase

(2004–2008)

2008 Production(tonnes x 1000)

Plant FoodCereals 2.1% 3.9% 2,525,107

Pulses 1.1% 0.6% 60,929

Roots and Tubers 0.9% 0.9% 729,583

Vegetables and Melons 3.4% 1.7% 916,102

Animal FoodBeef and Buffalo 1.3% 1.6% 65,722

Eggs 3.2% 2.2% 65,586

Milk 1.5% 2.4% 693,707

Poultry 5.0% 3.9% 91,699

Sheep and Goats 1.8% 2.4% 13,174

Fish 8.4% 6.2% 52,568

Major Commodity Production

Source: World Fish


Country Percentage Animal Protein Intake

Sierra Leone 63

Ghana 63

Gambia 62

Senegal 47

Maldives 71

Cambodia 59

Bangladesh 57

Indonesia 54

Sri Lanka 53

Fish as Protein in the Diet

Source: FAO


FactsAquaculture is

one of the most sustainable animal protein production systems


FCR (kg/kg) Protein Efficiency %

N emission (kg/t)

P emission (kg/t)

Land (t/ha) Freshwater Use (m3/t)

Beef 31.7 5 1.200 180 0.24-0.37 15,497

Chicken 4.2 25 300 40 1.0-1.2 3.918

Pork 10.7 13 800 120 0.83-1.10 4,856

Finfish 2.3 30 360 48 0.15-3.70 5,000

Bivalves not fed not fed -27 -29 0.28-20.0 0

Comparison of Sustainability Indicators

Source: WorldFish


Facts Aquaculture contributes

significantly to food security and alleviating poverty Nearly 70 million tonnes of

annual production Nearly 50 percent of global

food fish consumption Nearly 20 kg/caput/year of

global consumption Nearly 50 million people are

employed in the sector!


FactsAquatic proteins

are more nutritious than terrestrial proteins


Rich in essential long-chain omega-3 fatty acids – [docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in particular] which are needed to secure an optimal brain and neural system development in neonates and infants.

Fish is also an important provider of a range of micro-nutrients not widely available from other sources in the diets of the poor [particularly true for small sized species consumed whole, which can be an excellent source of many essential minerals such as iodine, selenium, zinc, iron, calcium, phosphorus and potassium, but also vitamins such as A and D, and several vitamins from the B-group].

Nutritional Facts


FactsInvestment risk

of aquaculture co-varies with environmental risks to influence sustainability


Antibiotic Use in Norwegian Salmon Industry


Fish supply-demand gapsS-D gap

(mt)Supply

2030Demand

2030S-D gap

2030Africa 11.7 18.7 -7.0 Asia 156.5 186.3 -29.8 Europe 18.6 23.4 -4.8 L.A. & C. 16.2 18.3 -2.1 Northern A. 6.2 12.9 -6.6 Oceania 1.5 1.8 -0.3

World 210.7 261.2 -50.6

Source: Estimation of FI Department


Aquaculture growth rate is declining!

Africa Asia Europe L.A. & C. N.A. Oceania World

-5.0

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

Fish

1981-1991 1991-2001

2001-2011

FAO, 2013


Bridging the supply-demand gaps If countries aquaculture production

follow the recent trend, expected aquaculture growth rate: 4.0 percent annually.

To feed growing and wealthier world population, required aquaculture growth rate: 5.6 percent annually.

Insufficiency

Aquaculture growth

rate during2007-2030

Expected APR

(%)Required APR (%)

World 4.0 5.6

Africa 7.2 11.5

Asia 4.0 5.3

Europe 3.1 4.0

L.A. & C. 4.4 7.6

Northern A. 0.4 9.0

Oceania 2.6 7.9

Source: Estimation of FI Department


Main challengesLand and waterCost and energy efficient productivityEcosystem impactsFeeds: Fishmeal, Fish Oil and other ingredientsBiosecurity and healthConducive policyTechnology and knowledgeFinance and investment


• FAO Vision: – A world in which responsible and sustainable use of fishery and aquaculture

resources make an appreciable contribution to human well-being, food security and poverty alleviation.

• Knowledge Provider: – High level of competence– Large membership– Strong networks and partners

• Capacity Developer:– Variety of mechanisms available– Dialogue and consensus building among partners– Close collaboration with national institutions and competent authorities

FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department


CCRF and Other Sources of Knowledge


Evaluation of Needs• COFI and COFI/SCA• Global and Regional Conferences• CPFs

Gathering Knowledge• From global expertise• Specific technical assessments• Expert consultation and workshops

Disseminating Knowledge• Packaging through different means: Circulars,

Proceedings, Technical Papers, Policy Briefs and Technical Guidelines and web-based information

Knowledge Dissemination


Requests• Evaluation• Dialogue• Formulation

Implementation• Partnership• Policy reviews• Pilot trials and field testing

Scaling Up • Support to replication of experiences, at national, regional, global level

Technical Assistance


Virtual Information - FeedsAquaculture feed and

fertilizer resources

Nutrient composition of feed ingredients

Aquaculture species information


Knowledge – Aquaculture PlanningFAO guidelines on

implementing spatial planning with an Ecosystem Approach to Aquaculture

ScopingSite selectionCarrying capacity assessmentMonitoring and review

Consultation with stakeholders

Use of best available information


Emergency Technical Assistance - Health

Early Mortality Syndrome in Asia (Viet Nam)Causative agent confirmedAffected farmers trained on

better biosecurity and GAPEmergency preparedness

guidelines improvedNational aquatic animal

health strategy implemented


Support to Climate Change Adaptation By producing national,

regional and global reviews on CC potential impacts and adaptation options, which include better technologies and practices, and the relevant policies to support them Improved zoning CC risk mapping Improved seeds and resistant

strains


FAO alone can not achieve this daunting task.

We need partners.We need a platform

for partnership and cooperation!

Global Aquaculture Advancement Partnership (GAAP)


It is a new concept rapidly evolving into a programme It fosters partnership

PPP arrangements MoUs GAAP – Forum

It invests on S-S and N-S cooperation It strengthens decentralization of FAO It provides a platform for sustainable aquaculture

development It calls for a concerted action!



Future All our efforts and action

towards sustainable development of future aquaculture, including acquiring and dissemination of technology and knowledge, should be science-based and will be science-based!


Thank You!

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