promotion of rain cities in korea – policies and case...
TRANSCRIPT
14th IRCSA Keynote Presentation, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Promotion of RAIN CITIESin Korea – Policies and Case Studies-
Aug.3, 2009
Professor Mooyoung Han
Director, Rainwater Research Center, Seoul National UniversityChairman, IWA Rainwater Harvesting and Management Specialist Group
Where is Korea?
Koreans
Korean food
Scenery
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Contents
Introduction: Challenges in Water ManagementIntroduction: Challenges in Water Management
Scientific and Engineering findings for Rainwater ManagementScientific and Engineering findings for Rainwater Management
•Quality, Energy, and Climate Change Adaptation Potential
Case Studies in KoreaCase Studies in Korea
• Star City, Seoul City, Suwon City, RAIN CITY
• Rainwater Mangement Tradition in Korea
Conclusion and VisionConclusion and Vision
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Flood in Watershed
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Flood in Urban area
Delft meeiting 29 November 2007Problem : Drought
Water Shortage
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Challenges in urban water management
DisasterpreventionSewer
Watersupply
Architecture
Urban water management
Amenity
UrbanizationImpervious areaRainfall Pattern
Climate change
ArtificialArtificialChallengesChallenges
Natural Natural ChallengesChallenges
SocialSocialChallengesChallenges
Oil ShockInfrastructure
Not Safe
Not Sustainable
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Scientific and Engineering FindingsIn Rainwater Management
Scientific and Engineering FindingsIn Rainwater Management
Rainwater QualityEnergy RequirementClimate Change Adaptation Potential
Rainwater is free.
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1. Rainwater is the origin of all water
Rainwater is the purest water in the world Precipitation
5 ppm
30 ppm60 ppm
400 ppmwell
sewer+ 320ppm
35000 ppmWTPW.WTP
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Long term strategy for Climate Change-Energy saving-
0.00122
0.2405
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
tap water rainwater
energ
y c
onsum
pti
on
unit: kWhLong mileage vs. short mileage!
0.2018
Energy consumption in transmission
Using decentralized water supply system save a lot of Energy
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Energy for water supply alternativesLo
w C
arbo
n
Green GrowthEffect to Environment
Ener
gy
small large
Reuse
현장공급(약 1.2KWh)
Desalination현장공급 (약 9.3KWh)
Water SupplyGroundwater
Rain현장공급(수처리
없음)(약 0.0012KWh)
Rainwater Spraying
↓
Can Reduce Cooling Energy
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Climate Change Adaptation
MH
Storage+PumpRainfall Discharge
Full!Full!
Tank+Pump VS Outflow
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Rain tank design to Increase Sewer Capacity
9.8
In the case of Seoul, 10㎥/100㎡ tank can control the 100 year peak runoff into 5 year peak
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Case Studies ofUrban Water Management in Korea
Case Studies ofUrban Water Management in Korea
• Star City rainwater management
• Seoul City rainwater management
• Suwon City
• Rain-city Movement
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Star City Rainwater management
Cover Story of Water 21(12. 2008. IWA)
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2
Star City
Star city RWH system
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Star City Rainwater management system
Location Jayang-dong Gwangjin-gu Seoul
AreaTotal Area : 62,505.2M2
Building Area : 16,867.729M2
UsageApartment, Officetel,
Commercial & Cultural facilities
Construction
duration
October. 2003 ~ March. 2007
ForForFlood Flood
ControlControl ForForWaterWaterSavingSaving
ForForEmergencyEmergency
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Flood prevention
Water saving
Emergency
Rainwater Rainwater Tap waterPump Pump
Swimming PoolPublic Toilet
Rainwater from roof
Rainwater from terrace
Star City Rainwater management system
Tank capacity 3,000ton (1,000ton×3 tanks)
Terrace 45,000CatchmentArea (㎡) Roof 6,200
Rainwater Usage Gardening, Brook, Public toilet
•Collection of rainwater up to the first rainfall of 100 mm
•Reuse of the infiltrated rainwater after the gardening
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Star City Rainwater management system
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4 alls for all : Seoul City
They are now rushing for proactive rainwater management !!
Proactive project of rainwater management in Seoul "4 alls for all"Objective: Recovery of water circulation In the city
Vision: Human∙Nature∙Urban (all) live together
All rainwater
using Allmethods
by Allpeople
FromAll place
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New Paradigm : Decentralized ManagementNew Paradigm : Decentralized Management
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Source Control & Management by Area
1. Underground Cisterns
2. Surface runoffControl
3. Pavement Runoff Control
4. Total Rainwater Management in Complexes
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Decentralized System
Localized Heavy Rain
Floodin Rural Area
Floodin Urban Area
Overflowing Repeated Disaster
Localized Heavy Rain
Present SystemPresent System
Localized Heavy Rain
Localized Heavy RainDecentralized SystemDecentralized System
Reduction of flow
Reduction of flow
Detention Infiltration & catchment facilitiesInfiltration & catchment facilities
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Operational strategy of rainwater tank in SMG
ForForFlood Flood
ControlControl
ForForWaterWaterSavingSaving
Remote Rainwater Tank Monitoring system
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Operational strategy of rainwater tank in SMG
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Rain-City Project at Suwon (水原 ) CityRain-City Project at Suwon (水原 ) City
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Rain-city Project at Suwon CityMOU for Rain-city
(b/w Suwon city and UNEP-SNU Rainwater Research Center)
Rain-city Project is the first case in the world !
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Suwon city(水原)
Suwon
Name Suwon(水原)
Area 121.14 km2
Population 1.1 million Ave.
Temperature 13.0 oC
Ave.Precipitation 1,335mm
Rainwater
Origin of water
水原
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Water Independency Ratio
External Supply 89%(Multi-regional water supply)
120 million ton/year
Total water usage :1.09millionXLPCD310LX365days=123millionm3/year // Rainwater : 21.07km2X1335mm=161miilion m3/year
Graywater (3%)Local water supply (3%)
Groundwater (4%)
Rainwater160 million ton/year
• Storage and infiltration • Groundwater recharge andUnderground Dam
• Water Independency Ratio50%
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Other Cities are Rushing to become RAIN CITIES by making regulations
So far 21 Cities,But increase exponentially.
By next year, more than 50 Cities.
How about your country?
Other Cities are Rushing to become RAIN CITIES by making regulations
So far 21 Cities,But increase exponentially.
By next year, more than 50 Cities.
How about your country?
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The secret of Korean rainwater managementThe secret of Korean rainwater management
• The worst natural condition (Climate and geological)
• Requirement for survival
• Philosophy and Tradition
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Average Rainfall and Variance for several countries
Nature challenges : Climate condition
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The Gradient distribution of the Korea Peninsula
Nature challenges : Geographic condition
Grade characteristics in Korea Peninsula
Source: Lee, 2000
0~1º 1~5º 5~10º 10~15º 15~20º 20º~ Total
Area(km2) 26,893 41,871 45,519 43,183 31,668 23,307 212,442
Percentage(%) 12.7 19.7 21.4 20.3 14.9 11.0 100.0
Grad.
Cont.
About 67% of the total Korea peninsula area
The map of gradient grades in the Korea Peninsula
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Land of beautiful scenery
SpringSummer
Autumn WinterLand of beautiful scenery ((錦繡江山錦繡江山))What’s the secret?
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Rainwater Managementin Korean History
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Establishment of Korea
The first nation – Ghochosun founded in B.C. 2333
Govern the nation with three masters:
Rain (雨師), Cloud (雲師) and Wind (風伯)
Tangun Wanggum
( 檀君 王儉 )The founder
Importance of Rainwater !
Ruling Philosophy“To make every party beneficial” (弘益人間)
Win – Win strategy
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Agriculture and irrigation
Agriculture & Paddy field
Paddy field, Decentralized small damsFlood control, recharging groundwater
Preventing soil erosion
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Agriculture and irrigation
Rainwater Management of Baikje (百濟)
Byukgolje in Kimje (town of rice)
King Biryu, the 11th King (AD 330)L: 3.3 km, H: 5.7mW: 21m (bottom), 10m (top)
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The rain gauge
The rain gauge (since 1441)
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Oriental Concept of Eco-village
People depending on same water
village= +
samewater
Watershed managementDevelopment should be such that the
water system is the same before and after the development
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Conclusion and Vision
Rainwater is Clean. Rainwater is Free.
Decentralized Rainwater Management is a good strategy of Climate Change Adaptation by energy saving and flooding mitigation
Several Successful Case Studies such as Star City, Seoul City and Suwon City triggered to promote many Rain Cities in Korea
The Worst Natural Condition in Korea have cultivated the best Climate Change Adaptation Strategy in the form of philosophy and tradition, which resulted in rapid promotion of RainCities in Korea.
We need the promotion of Worldwide RainCities, starting from your city.
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Notice !!!
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Vision of Rainwater Management
• Conservation of
village
弘益人間“To make every party beneficial”
• Rainwater Utilization, Love the Earth
EarthEarth
HeavenHeaven
PeoplePeople
Rainwater Research Center
HarmonyHarmony