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LIÊN TỪ VÀ CÁC DẠNG MỆNH ĐỀ - PHẦN 2 CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS

TRANSITION WORDS

I. Tóm tắt bài giảng

Addition: In addition, furthermore, moreover, additionally, also, again

Cause - Effect: As a result, As a consequence, resultedly, consequently, therefore, hence / thus

Contrast: However, Nevertheless, Nonetheless, in contrast, on the contrary, notwithstanding

(tuy nhiên), still / yet (ấy thế mà), on the other hand (mặt khác)

Besides (Ngoài ra) / Beside (pre) ( = next to = by: bên cạnh)

I really want to go to the party. Besides, it is close to / beside my house.

Otherwise: nếu không thì

- My teacher helped me a lot. Otherwise, I wouldn't have passed the exam. câu điều kiện ẩn

- After the fire, all the books had been burnt or otherwise destroyed. (Sau đám cháy tất cả sách

đã bị đốt cháy, nếu không thì bị phá hủy)

Similarly, likewise (một cách tương tự)

Everyone in my class studies 3 hours a day. We should do likewise / similarly.

(Mọi người trong lớp tôi học 3 tiếng mỗi ngày. Chúng tôi cũng nên làm như vậy.)

In fact (thực ra): nhấn mạnh

He looks very young. In fact, he is in his 40's.

In theory: theo lý thuyết, In practice: thực tế là

Indeed (thực sự là) : dùng để nhấn mạnh

He is a hard - working employee. Indeed, he works ten hours a day.

Accordingly: tương xứng với, theo đó

Susan is an intern and she is paid accordingly.

(Susan là một thực tập viên và cô ấy được trả tương xứng với.)

Finally: After years of arguing, they finally got divorced.

Instead: thay vào đó. Ví dụ: I don't have coffee. Why we don’t drink tea instead.

Namely: ví dụ ( = for example, for instance)

Malaria can be prevented, namely by taking tables and by using nets.

Bài tập vận dụng: ( Chữa trong video )

Bài 1. Chọn phƣơng án đúng nhất để hoàn thành câu

1. You need to work harder. ................, you'll get fired.

A. Otherwise B. Moreover C. Instead

2. We didn't want to go to Brazil. .......... we went to Vietnamese.

A. instead B. accordingly C. otherwise

3. He is a very weak president; ........... most people support him.

A. otherwise B. instead C. Nevertheless

4. We wanted to go to the beach; .....it started to rain and we stayed at home.

A. otherwise B. However C. namely

5. She is a very smart woman; ........... it is not at all surprising that she got the job.

A. Nevertheless B. Similarly C. Therefore



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6. He has a terrible voice; ......... he will go down in history as the worst singer ever.

A. undoubtedly B. otherwise C. still

7. John has very little money; ________________, his brother Jacob is a millionaire.

A. in contrast B. nonetheless C. similarly

8. Roberta didn't have all the ingredients to bake a cake; ________________, she decided to

prepare something else.

A. finally B. indeed C. therefore

9. He couldn't tell her the truth; ________________, he lied.

A. finally B. similarly C. instead

10. I really don't know why he came; ________________, I would tell you.

A. otherwise B. instead C. in contrast

Bài 2.

Part A. Directions: Choose from among these conjunctive adverbs to complete each sentence:

consequently otherwise on the other hand furthermore

1. Buying and living in a 200-year-old house would be interesting; ____________, it would

probably be very expensive to maintain.

2. You'll have to start taking better care of your body and stop smoking; ________, you'll die

early.

3. Thao had a bad experience shopping at that store; __________, she decided never to shop

there again.

4. Growing apples is an interesting hobby which provides me with a lot of pleasure; ________,

I don't need to buy apples at the store.

5. Patricia and Karl lost interest in each other; __________, they both agreed to a divorce.

6. Golf is a very fun sport; __________, it's very expensive.

7. The party became kind of boring after Toby left; ________, everyone went home soon

afterwards.

8. If we arrive at the restaurant early, we'll get a good seat; ________, the restaurant won't feel

very lively.

9. You should buy these boots while they're on sale; _________, you'll have to pay full price

next week.

10. When the economy went into recession, business slowed down; _____, Hector was laid off.

Part B. Directions: Choose from among these conjunctive adverbs to complete each sentence:

however therefore in addition

1. The jury found the man found guilty on all charges of murder; _______, he was sentenced

to life in prison.

2. I would like to see the new exhibit; _____, there might not be enough time to do that.

3. Becoming a doctor isn't easy. _____to many years of studying medicine, you have to deal

with uncomfortable situations all the time.

4. My friend, Jeff, wants to ask Wanda out on a date; _____, he's too nervous.

5. Steve wanted more excitement in his life; _____, he decided to join the U.S. military in

hopes of going to Iraq.

6. This is a very useful tool; ______, it's easy to carry inside a pocket.

7. Carbon dioxide levels are rising in the earth's atmosphere; _____, temperatures around the

planet are increasing.



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8. Finding a new job can be a time-consuming process; ______, it can be costly if you need to

buy a new suit and send out resumes.

9. The company she works for is expanding; _____, it won't start hiring new workers until next

year.

10. Tony has stopped watching what he eats; _____, he's starting to get really heavy.

II. Bài về nhà

Exercise 1. Choose the best, most natural-sounding conjunctive adverb (adverbial conjunction)

for each sentence:

1. He tried his best; ________, he couldn't pass the exam.

A. still B. otherwise C. subsequently

2. I will try to get a discount; _______, I won't buy this TV.

A. subsequently B. otherwise C. still

3. He is a very unlikeable person; _________, most people seem to like him.

A. otherwise B. subsequently C. still

4. We got to the beach; ________, we swam in the ocean.

A. then B. nevertheless C. besides

5. He is great tennis player; __________, he couldn't beat Roger Federer.

A. then B. besides C. nevertheless

6. I totally disagree with his interpretation; ______, he's no authority on the subject.

A. then B. besides C. nevertheless

7. George makes a lot of money; _________, he's a very stingy person.

A. nevertheless B. then C. besides

8. Frank didn't give his brothers presents; ________, he gave each of them an envelope with $50.

A. subsequently B. instead C. also

9. I don't like her face; __________, she smokes, which is something I hate.

A. instead B. also C. subsequently

10. James finished his degree at Oxford University; ______, he settled in London and took up a

position with a large international bank.

A. instead B. also C. subsequently

11. None of us knew our lines on Monday; _______ , the show opened successfully on Saturday.

A. nonetheless B. consequently C. instead

12. There are many things wrong with my truck; _________, it needs an oil change, new tires, and a

new battery.

A. meanwhile B. for example

13. You really don’t need new shoes; __________, you don’t have any money.

A. next B. moreover

14. It was a hot day; _______, we closed all the windows and turned on the air conditioner and all the

fans.

A. on the contrary B. therefore

15. Jen’s tire was flat; ________, we called a tow truck.

A. thus B. furthermore

Exercise 2. Complete the following sentences using an appropriate transitional adverb

(conjunctive adverb).



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1. Mary's work is wonderful: .............. she got a raise.

2. Lucie was a terrible employee ; ............... she got promoted.

3. We hope to receive the order on time; ............ we will cancel.

4. Bernie had seniority; ............. he was laid off

5. .................... to your request of last week, we are sending you a catalog

6. She was attractive; ................. she was not beautiful

7. ....................... last week, she has not been the same.

8. .......................... the boss arrives, I am the one who makes rules.

9. ...................... he can, the director will receive you

10. Please be on time; ................ try to be early.

11. ...................... we are thinking of expending.

12. ..................... fulfill his contact, he will have to submit his sketches by Friday.

13. ................. an invoice is paid by cheque,make sure it is deposited as soon as possible.

14. Our company expanded; ................ we hired new personnel.

15. ....................... you can type a new letter.

16. Vegetables are rich sources of vitamins and antioxidants and……………… eating vegetables is

essential for good health.

17. ‘The last bus has gone.’ ‘………………….., we are going to have to walk.’

18. …………………… the starter, I thought the meal was nice.

19. I bought that car. It looked good and, …………………….., it was reasonably priced.

20. Studies seem to suggest that bright blue and bright yellow are the most visible

and …………………….. the safest colors for vehicles.

21. You had better mend your ways; ………………….., you will land in serious trouble.

22. She didn’t leave her husband …………………….. the fact that he had cheated on her.

23. ………………….. each individual is unique in many ways, members of the same species share

many common characteristics.

24. They have recruited more people and ……………………. the service has improved

25. I was not confident of winning. ……………………, I decided to give it a try.

KEY

Exercise 1.

1A 2B 3C 4A 5C 6B 7A 8B 9B 10A 11. A 12. B 13. B 14. B 15. A

Exercise 2.

1. accordingly 2. nevertheless 3. otherwise 4. however 5. Further

6. although 7. Since 8. Until 9. as soon as 10. moreover

11. Actually 12. In order to 13. Whenever 14. therefore 16. Meanwhile

16. hence 17. Then 18. Apart from 19. moreover 20. therefore

21. otherwise 22. despite 23. Although 24. consequently 25. Nevertheless

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