prostate c ancer?€¦ · prostate cancer is the most a c h commonly diagnosed cancer in men in the...
TRANSCRIPT
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People in Partnership Meeting (PIP)
Are you living with
Prostate Cancer?
And want to know how to
manage it?
Mr Alvan Pope, Consultant Urologist at Hillingdon and Mount Vernon Hospitals speaking to patients and members of the public on:
Tuesday 4 March 2014, 5.30 – 8pm Committee Room 5, Civic Centre
Uxbridge, UB8 1UW
All Welcome
Other speakers:
Plans for Delivering High Quality Care in Hillingdon Jacqueline Walker, Deputy Director of Nursing
News Headlines from the Hospitals Trust
Shane DeGaris – Chief Executive
Refreshments from 5.30pm Parking available in the Chimes Shopping Centre (opp Civic Centre)
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Incidence
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ProstateLung
Large Bowel
Bladder
Stomach
Prostate cancer is the most
commonly diagnosed cancer in
men in the UK
New diagnoses
of cancer
annually in males
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Prostate Cancer Facts
• >10,000 deaths a year in UK - 34,000 new cases
• Commonest male cancer death in non-smokers
• Can only reliably cure localised disease
• No agreed screening programme
• A lot of low-risk disease
• Risk of over-treatment is substantial
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How do you know?
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PSA
• Protein produced by prostate cells
• Raised by:
• Cancer
• Benign enlargement
• Inflammation
• Not very good for screening
• Much better for follow-up
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Diagnostic
Tests
Prostate Specific Antigen
Digital Rectal Exam
TRUS guided biopsy
Role of MRI
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How do you know?
• Most patients will need a prostate biopsy to
diagnose and grade, followed by an MRI
and sometimes a bone scan to stage their
disease
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Clinical presentation
• Localised disease (65%)
• Locally advanced disease (25%)
• Advanced (metastatic spread) (10%)
Three stages of prostate cancer
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Treatment of Prostate Cancer
• Early, localised tumours
• Low risk – monitoring (delay treatment)
• High risk - radiotherapy or surgery
• Locally advanced tumours
• Hormones +/- radiotherapy
• Advanced tumours
• Hormones, then chemotherapy
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What’s important to Patients
• Treatment Choices
• Consequences of Treatment
• PSA and PSA relapse
• What’s new?
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Prostate cancer – low risk
Men with low-risk localised prostate
cancer who are considered suitable for
radical treatment should first be offered
active surveillance.
NICE Feb 2008
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Active surveillance
• Regular blood tests (PSA)
• Multi-parametric MRI at entry
• Regular examinations to feel the prostate
• Repeat biopsies and/or MRI scans to
check nothing changed
• Avoid the side effects of treatment
• Plan treatment for when it suits you
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IMRT – intensity modulated
Fiducial markers
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Brachytherapy – LDR (seed)
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Da Vinci Robotic Prostatectomy
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CyberKnife at Mount Vernon
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CyberKnife
Multiple beams from many directions
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Consequences of radical
treatments
• Bladder control issues (esp. with surgery)
• Bowel problems (esp. with radiotherapy)
• Sexual dysfunction (with both)
• Long-term effects (eg: second cancers)
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Prostate Cancer (advanced)
Metastatic
Disease to
bones
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Dr Charles Huggins (1901 – 1997)
Described the use of
oestrogens to control
prostate cancer
Nobel Prize 1966
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Hormone treatment
• Block either the production or action of
testosterone required for prostate growth
• Prostate cancer cells are starved
• Cancer shrinks into remission
• Standard care for metastatic cancer
• Improves efficacy of radiotherapy
• Commonly given as a 3-monthly implant
Decapeptyl, Prostap or Zoladex
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Side effects of hormones
• Lethargy, sweats, hot flushes
• Lack of sexual interest/loss of erections
• Loss of muscle mass/gain fat
• Loss of physical capacity
• Gynaecomastia (mild/mod)
• Osteoporosis/fractures-long term/elderly
• Subtle memory impairment long-term
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Intermittent Hormones
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Diet and Prostate Cancer
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Diet and Prostate Cancer
• Lycopenes (processed tomato products & selenium
supplements) help reduce risk of prostate cancer
by up to 20%
• Red meat and fat not conclusive
• Inconsistent findings for green tea, fruit &
vegetables, soya products may protect
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Can diet reduce the risk of
my cancer coming back?
• Lots of research!
• No clear or precise
recommendations
• Combination of lifestyle
factors
• YOU CONTROL THESE
Weight Diet
Physical
Activity
HEALTH
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What happens when my PSA
starts to rise again?
• This will happen to many men after radical
treatment (eg. surgery or radiotherapy)
• only to a minority of men on monitoring
• and to all men treated by hormones alone
What is the definition of PSA recurrence?
• After radiotherapy – nadir (lowest value) +2
• After surgery – 3 progressive increases above 0.2
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Salvage Treatments
• After surgery • Radiotherapy for PSA relapse (3 rises)
• Observation & hormones for clinical relapse
• After radiotherapy
• Observation & hormones for clinical relapse
• Cryotherapy and possibly HiFU
• After hormones
• Chemotherapy & clinical trials
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What’s new?
• Low risk – Surveillance with MRI
• Localised - New treatments reducing trauma
• Surgery – Robotics, focal HiFU, Cryotherapy
• Radiotherapy – Cyberknife
• Advanced - New drugs
• Chemotherapy (eg: Docetaxel, Carbazitaxel)
• Hormonal - Abiraterone, Enzalutamide
• Intermittent Hormone Therapy
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Priorities for Prostate Cancer Care
at Hillingdon
• Improved information and support
• Rehabilitation - the first year after treatment
• Supported self-management
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Prostate cancer in Hillingdon prevalence around 920 patients
Diagnosis and
treatment
120
Rehabilitation
50
Monitoring
600
End of life care
35
Progressive
care
118
Monitoring could potentially be for 10 years
35% no treatment; 45% after radical treatment; 20% hormones
Rehabilitation: year after radical treatment – includes recovery from or
management of acute effects of treatment
Progressive care: metastatic disease, anticipate palliative care needs
End of life includes all those in the last year of life
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Why is information important ?
• Empowers Patients
• Enables Patients to make informed decisions
• May reduce anxieties
• Promotes confidence in the service
• May reduce unnecessary GP/ Hospital visits
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Cancer Information Centre
Hillingdon Hospital
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37
• Cancer Information Centre
• Return to work models
• Exercise models
• Self-management models
• Health & Wellbeing/education days
Ongoing work to develop
rehabilitation packages
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Supported self-management
• Realisation that many men have routine
hospital follow-up for prolonged time
• Stable patients don’t need to come to hospital
• GP’s were anxious about taking back (survey)
• Remote monitoring of PSA
• Holistic needs assessment
• Clear point of contact (CNS) for concerns
• Rapid access back into service without seeing GP
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Risk Stratification and models of care
Moving towards self-directed follow-up
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Concerned?
• Come and talk afterwards
• Patient support groups
National • Macmillan – helped fund the new cancer
information centre at Hillingdon Hospital
• Prostate Cancer UK
Local • Community Cancer Centre, Yiewsley
• Lynda Jackson Centre (MVH)
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