Use insect repellentIt works!

Look for these active ingredients:

• DEET • PICARIDIN • IR3535• OIL of LEMON EUCALYPTUS

• PARA-MENTHANE-DIOL

••

• Smart

Wear protective clothes Wear long-sleeved shirts and

long pants. For extra protection, treat clothing with permethrin.

Mosquito-proof your home

For more information: www.scdhec.gov/mosquitoes

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Use screens on windows and doors. Use air conditioning

when available. Rid your yard and home of standing water

where mosquitoes breed. Empty and turn over

containers that hold water, such as cans, bottles and

�ower pots, and clean out clogged gutters.

PROTECT YOURSELF FROM MOSQUITO BITES

Mosquitoes spread Zika and other viruses.

Night or day, be prepared

Mosquitoes that spread Zika are aggressive daytime biters. They can also bite at

night. Other mosquitoes are active at dawn and dusk.

West Nile virus is a risk you can do something about.

West Nile virus is now in most of the United States.The most important way people become infected is through the bite of an infected mosquito. You can reduce your chance of getting infected by avoiding mosquito bites.

Adults are at highest risk. People over age 50 and people who have ever received a solid organ transplant are more likely to develop serious symptoms of West Nile virus if they do get sick and should take special care to avoid mosquito bites.

What happens if I get infected? A small number of people (about 1 in 150) who get infected with West Nile virus develop severe disease, called West Nile encephalitis or West Nile meningitis (inflammation of the brain or the area around the brain). Symptoms of severe illness include headache, high fever, stiff neck, mental confusion, muscle weakness, tremors (shaking), convulsions, coma, and paralysis. These symptoms may last several weeks, and neurological effects may be permanent. See your health care provider if you develop these symptoms.

About 1 in 5 people who become infected have symptoms such as fever, headache, body aches, nausea, vomiting, swollen lymph glands or a skin rash on the chest, stomach and back. Symptoms can last for a few days to several weeks. See your health care provider if you develop these symptoms.

Most people who get infected with West Nile virus do not have any symptoms. There is no specific treatment for West Nile virus infection. There is no vaccine available for people.

www.scdhec.gov/mosquitoes/westnileCall DHEC at 1-800-868-0404

FOR MORE INFORMATION:

Three steps you can take to reduce your risk...

Avoid mosquito bites!Apply insect repellent on exposed skin and clothing when you go outdoors. Use an EPA-registered insect repellent such as those containing DEET, picaridin or oil of lemon eucalyptus. Permethrin sprayed on clothing provides protection through several washes. Products with a higher percentage of DEET as an active ingredient generally give longer protection. Don’t spray repellent on skin under clothing. Don’t use permethrin on skin.

For details on when and how to apply repellent, see www.cdc.gov/westnile, and look for Insect Repellent Use and Safety in the Questions and Answers pages.

Cover up! Wearing long sleeve shirts, long pants and socks sprayed with repellent while outdoors can further help prevent mosquito bites.

Avoid mosquitoes! Many mosquitoes bite between dusk and dawn. Limit time outdoors during these hours, or be especially sure to use repellents and protective clothing.

Mosquito-proof your home!Screens: Keep mosquitoes outside by fixing or installing window and door screens.

Drain standing water. Don’t give mosquitoes a place to breed. A small amount of standing water can be enough for a mosquito to lay her eggs.

Look around every week for possible mosquito breeding places. Empty water from buckets, cans, pool covers, flower pots and other items. Throw away or cover up stored tires and other items that aren’t being used. Clean pet water bowls weekly. Check if rain gutters are clogged. If you store water outside or have a well, make sure it’s covered up. Encourage your neighbors to do the same.

Help your community!Dead birds help health departments track West Nile virus. For instructions on how to safely pick up and transport a bird to the closest DHEC local county health department or Environmental Quality Control office, visit www.scdhec.gov/birdtesting.

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Protect your home against

MOSQUITOESMosquitoes develop in water that stands

for more than five days. To reduce the mosquito population around your home

and property, eliminate all standing water and debris. Here are some spots where water can collect or where poor

maintenance can cause problems.

Trash and old tires;Drill drain holes in

bottom of tire swings

Leaky faucet or pet bowl (change

water daily)

Missing, damaged, or improperly

installed screens

Tree rot hole, hollow stump, or rain puddle

Pool cover that collects water; neglected

swimming pool or child’s wading pool

Clogged rain gutter(home and street)

Flat roof with standing water

Any toy, garden equipment, or container

that can hold water

Birdbath (change water weekly) and garden

pond (stock with fish)

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Uncovered boat or boat cover that

collects water

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Locate Sites Where Mosquitoes BreedAll mosquitoes need standing water to begin their life cycle. Any site where water stands for 5 days or more may breed mosquitoes. Locate all sites that hold water.

Drain, Fill, or Get Rid of Areas that Hold Water• Containers that hold water—Empty and store dry or change water every few days.• Swimming pools—Maintain with proper chemicals. Cover or drain if not in use.• Plastic sheeting or tarps used to cover yard items—Pull tight so water won’t pool.• Garden pools/ponds—Stock with fish that eat mosquitoes, such as “mosquito fish”

(Gambusia) or small goldfish.• Shallow edges of ponds—Keep cleared of plants and weeds. Do not plant cattail plants in

wetlands or retention ponds.• Clogged ditches and pipes—Clean out weeds, dirt, and debris so water flows freely.• Low places, such as tire ruts or puddles—Fill with dirt or cement.• Tree holes and hollow stumps—Pack with sand or cement.• Failing septic tanks that cause sewage water to pool on top of the ground—Repair.• Leaky pipes and outdoor faucets—Repair.• Small areas of water that can’t be drained—Treat with mosquito control products sold

at lawn and garden stores. Buy products labeled for use in water.

Protect Yourself from Biting Mosquitoes• Mosquitoes are active at dawn, dusk, twilight hours, and night—If possible, avoid

mosquitoes at these times. Some may bite in daylight, especially in shaded areas.• Screens on windows, doors, and porches—Install or keep in good repair.• Car windows and garage doors—Keep closed at night.• Overgrown shrubs, grass, weeds, vines, and ground cover—Trim or remove overgrown

plants that provide cool/dark/damp areas where adult mosquitoes rest.• Outside lighting—Use yellow light bulbs or sodium‐vapor orange lights.• Scented products—Avoid wearing products that smell like fruit or flowers.• Protective clothing—Wear a long‐sleeved shirt and long pants. Treat clothing with

permethrin to provide protection even through several wash cycles.• Light‐colored clothing—Wear light colors. Mosquitoes are attracted to dark colors.• Insect repellent—Wear mosquito repellents that contain DEET, IR3535, Oil of Lemon

Eucalyptus, or Picaridin.• Mosquito coils or heated repellent pads found in lamps, lanterns, or portable units—

Use to repel mosquitoes in small areas.• Hand‐held foggers—Apply a pesticidal fog to provide temporary relief outdoors.

MOSQUITO CONTROL ADVICE

Sites with Standing Water That May Breed MosquitoesMan-Made Containers• Cans• Bottles• Buckets• Flower pot saucers• Plant cuttings rooting in water• Pet bowls or animal troughs• Tires• Birdbaths• Wheel barrows• Children’s toys and wading

pools• Unmaintained swimming pools• Rain barrels• Clogged roof gutters &

downspouts• Boats• Junk cars• Plastic sheeting or tarps used

to cover yard items

Natural Containers• Rock pools• Tree holes• Stump holes• Bamboo stumps• Magnolia leaves• Bromeliad and Pitcher plants

Natural Areas• Ground pools• Clogged ditches or streams• Irrigated pastures or farmland• River and stream floodplains• Freshwater marsh and swamps• Salt marsh margins• Lake/Pond margins with plant

growth

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Photos of larvae and pupae courtesy of www.scientificillustrator.comPhoto of adult mosquito courtesy of http://commons.wikimedia.org

Call your local mosquito control program to request help in locating breeding sites if you are unable to locate them yourself. We need your help controlling mosquitoes.