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Technical Sales, COM FN A SB / May 2006

SURPASS hiD 6600

Enhanced QoS Solution

May 2006Copyright © Siemens AG 2006. All rights reserved

SIEMENS COM FN A SB – SALES

Agenda

Introduction SLA service attributes SURPASS Carrier Ethernet QoS solution Upstream mechanism Downstream mechanism SURPASS hiD traffic management capabilities Summary



Introduction

Quality of Service (QoS) implies the ability to differentiate between traffic streams and to define a level of performance for those traffic streams across network.

When does QoS become a challenge? When moving from a "network per-service" model to a “converged

network” model with multiple services over a single network. When moving to real-time or mission-critical services such as video

streams or IP-telephony.



hiD 6650

hiD 6670

hiX 5635hiD 6630

IPTV

Voice

High Speed Internet

Business VPN services

Business internet services

VoD

Mobile

Games / E-Learning

OAM (Operation, Administration Maintenance)

One network For > 9 services per customer

The Carrier Network is the basis of all new services

Real time applications



How can all services live on the same network?

Powerful QoS mechanism with:

Service providers use QoS to gain more money from the network and need QoS to offer, monitor and enforce Service Level Agreements (SLA).

- Service differentiation

- Priority up to the individual service level

- Classification and traffic conditioning

- Scheduling algorithms

- Congestion avoidance

- Rate limiting & shaping



SLA Service Attributes

Bandwidth Profile Performance guarantee

CIR/EIR/CBS/EBS

Service Performance

Frame Delay

Frame Jitter

Frame Loss

SLA =

Voice Low delay and jitter Low packet loss Sub-second protection

Business services Guaranteed bandwidth Low packet loss 50ms protection

Video Low delay and jitter Low packet loss High bandwidth per subscriber Sub-second protection

HS Internet Guaranteed bandwidth Best Effort for excess

bandwidth

*CBS/EBS – Committed/Excess Burst Size*CIR/EIR – Committed/Excess Information Rate



SURPASS Carrier Ethernet QoS Solution

Upstream mechanisms –Traffic from the customer towards the network:

Classification, marking, shaping and policing

Egress hierarchical shaping (for SP)

Connection Admission Control (CAC)

Congestion avoidance

Priority queuing

Scheduling

Downstream mechanisms - Traffic from the network towards the customer:

Hierarchical shaping

Rate limiting

Traffic shaping

Priority queuing: per port, user, individual service

Carrier Network

Upstream

Downstream



Upstream Ingress Bandwidth Profiles

UNI

EVC 1

EVC 2

EVC 3

Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per Ingress UNI UNI

EVC 1

EVC 2

EVC 3

Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per EVC1



UNI EVC 1

CE-VLAN CoS 6 Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per CoS ID 6

CE-VLAN CoS 4

CE-VLAN CoS 2

Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per CoS ID 4

Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per CoS ID 2

EVC 2

Ingress Bandwidth Profiles: Per Ingress UNI

Per EVC (Ethernet Virtual Circuit)

Per CoS (Class of service) ID



Upstream Bandwidth Profile SLA – Color aware

CIR Conformant

Traffic ≤ CIR

EIR Conformant

Traffic ≥ CIR

No traffic

Traffic ≥ PIR

CIR (Committed Information Rate) -

Minimum BW guaranteed for an Ethernet service.

Policing is enforcement of CIR

Zero CIR means Best effort (no BW is guaranteed)

Traffic above the CIR is marked or colored

EIR (Exceeded Information Rate) - Service frames colored yellow may be

delivered but with no performance commitment.

PIR (Peak Information Rate) -

Maximum rate at which packets are allowed to be forwarded. PIR = CIR + EIR (greater or equal to the CIR) Service frames exceeding PIR are red packets and are unconditionally dropped



Classifier identifies groups of packets to receive a specific service and carries information about traffic class

Traffic conditioning defines the service eligibility and marks the drop precedence

Upstream Classification and Traffic conditioning

Both classifying and marking are performed at the Ingress port.

traffic class A

User flow classification ingress port L2 802.1q VLAN tag L2 Src/Dst MAC or Ether type L2 802.1p bits L3 TOS/DSCP bits L3 IP Source/Dst

address/subnet

Traffic Conditioning Mechanism Meter Marker Dropper

Usertraffic

traffic class B

traffic class C

High Drop Precedence

Low Drop Precedence

Dropping

Marker & FilterClassifier



HSI 4Mb

Upstream Ingress Policer

Policing purposes

SLA enforcement; Policer restricts some traffic to ensure subscribers don't send traffic beyond their subscribed rate

Protect the carrier Network

Policing per classified flow (e.g. Port, Port+VLAN, Port+VLAN+TC etc.)

ISPs

Package: HSI – 5MbVPN – 4 MbIPTV – 8 MbVoice – 128Kb

Ingress VPN - 4Mb

Egress VPN - 4Mb

HSI – 8Mb HSI – 5Mb

VPN 4Mb

HSI 8 Mb



Upstream Policing - Dual Token bucket

Dual rate token bucket with a programmable CIR and PIR, as well as CBS and MBS.

The meter may also be color-aware, to take the previous marking of the packet into the metering process.

IncomingFrames

Confirmed rate tokens entering@ CIR per second

Violating Frames

Dropped

Bucket sizeaccording to MBS

Bucket sizeaccording to CBS

Peak RateBucket

Committed RateBucket

Exceeding Frames

Conforming Frames

Outgoing Framesat a regular rate with controlled burst

Confirmed rate tokens entering@ PIR per second



1G

1G

1G

1G

1G

Switch

fabric

HSIIPTVVODVoice

1G

Upstream Ingress scheduling & Queuing

Scheduling: Choosing which queue to serve in each packet transmission.

One scheduler per egress port Eight queues per scheduler

managed by the fabric adaptor

The scheduler send credits to the

queues assigned to it by using

two scheduling algorithms



Upstream Scheduling - Algorithms

Strict Priority Queuing Queues are processed in descending order (highest to lowest). Queues assigned as high priority are serviced until they empty. Low priority queues potentially can be starved, in order to avoid

it, high priority traffic should be kept small.

Weighted Fair Queuing WFQ applies a "weight" to a queue that indicates the importance

of the queue in relation to the available resources. The weight is used to ensure that more important queues get

serviced more often than other less important queues.



WRED - Congestion Avoidance

WRED (Weighted Random Early Detection) -

Extension to RED that allows discrimination between different traffic classes.

Drop packets randomly whenever a buffer becomes mildly congested

Drop low priority frames first, according to drop precedence

Gives precedence to new packets.

Congestion avoidance mechanism to ensure higher-priority traffic gets through, in case of the buffer becoming full.

low priority frames threshold

Queue per egress,per CoS

Incoming frames

Drop low priority frames first

DA SA FCS

high priority frames threshold



SURPASS hiD 6600 QoS Packages – Diffserv Mode

Multi-field classification

Policing and shaping according to the customers CIR/EIR/ CBR/EBS

Discarded according to WRED mechanism.

Drop precedence is supported (Low + High DP).

*10%

*Default configuration

*30%

*24%

*18%

*2%

*12%

*4%

*EF/AF = Expedited/Assured Forwarding



SURPASS hiD 6600 QoS Packages – Enhanced Mode

“Diffserv” mode functionality

Special mode for E-Line services with guaranteed BW end to end

Connection Admission Control (CAC)

*8%

*Default configuration

*10%

*10%

*14%

*24%

*20%

*2%

*8%

*4%

*GBW = Guaranteed Bandwidth



Multicast: Port Duplication

VLAN Manipulation

Rate Limiting

Upstream Process Summary

Ingress port

Understanding each element part in the QoS flow

Fabric Module

Controller

Egress port

Fabric Adaptor

Packet Processors

VLAN manipulation

Classification

Policing

L2 Process Multicast:

Card Duplication

Queuing

WRED

Queue Scheduling

Packet Processors

Packet switching

Priority queuing per Port/VLAN/Service to the Service provider


Packet Processors


Fabric Adaptor

Packet Processors

Fabric Adaptor

Packet ProcessorsPacket Processors

Fabric Adaptor





Downstream mechanism

Ingress port

Understanding each element part in the QoS flow

Fabric Module

Controller

Egress port

Fabric Adaptor

Packet Processors

Per port, VLAN, Service:

Rate limiting

Shaping

Queuing

Scheduling

WRED

Queue Scheduling

Packet Processors

Packet switching

Packet Processors

Fabric Adaptor

Packet Processors

Fabric Adaptor

Packet ProcessorsPacket Processors

Fabric Adaptor





Egress port

Ingress port

SA



QoS per subscriber from the first aggregation level

- Multiple vendors and technologies at the access – different capabilities of QoS- No ability to differentiate between services of the same service provider.- Reduce the costs of the VDSL / ADSL2+ equipment – “Simple DSLAM”- Maintain knowledge of different access vendor’s equipment.- Use the existing access device and provide enhanced QoS per individual service.

SIEMENS Solution with SURPASS hiD 6600:

- Additional daughter card for the relevant LICs.

- Manage QoS from the SURPASS hiD 6600 per:

- Port, Customer EVC, Customer service. - Port, Service provider VLAN / Service

Why do we need it ?



Downstream Bandwidth Profiles

UNI

UNI

EVC 1

EVC 2

EVC 3

UNI

EVC 1

EVC 2

CE-VLAN CoS 6

CE-VLAN CoS 4

CE-VLAN CoS 2

Egress Bandwidth Profile Per Egress UNI

Per Port

Done in the 1st aggregation toward the DSLAM.

Performing user level scheduling.

Providing a different queue for each service per user.

Per EVC

Egress bandwidth profile per EVC.

Different profile for each EVC.

Elastic data can use the unused capacity for other services.

Per service

Egress bandwidth profile per CoS.

Mapping each service to the suitable CoS bits.

Hard QoS for the EVC services.



Hierarchical Shaping – Example

100 Mbps – Finance Department

100 Mbps – Sales Department

300 Mbps – R&D Department

35 Mbps VPN

20 Mbps Video Conference

45 Mbps Internet

Port

Port

VLAN 1

VLAN 2

VLAN 3

Port

VLAN 1

VLAN 2

Service 1

Service 2

Service 3

500 Mbps per Business Customer

AND

AND



Enhanced QoS per subscriber from the first aggregation layer

hiD 6600

Voice

IPTV

Data

Video

hiD 6600

hiD 6600

Access agnostic QoS policy per subscriber

VLAN 100

IP/MPLS

ISPs

ASPs

VoIPSkymax

hiD 6605

Video Servers

TC 6

TC 5

TC 7

TC 0



Hierarchical Scheduling – Example

Up to 16 traffic class per subscriber.

Discarded according to WRED mechanism.

Rate limiting according to single leaky bucket mechanism.

Hierarchical scheduling functionality can be use in PNI ports also.

WFQWFQ

OAM & Management

Data - Elastic

Voip control

Data Premium

VoD

Individual Service

VoIP Bearer

TV Multicast

*TV Unicast Residential customer

*Used for Microsoft TV application

PNI = Provider network interface



Practical Example For Business Customer - Downstream

hiD 6600

Voice

Data / VPN

Video Conf.

hiD 6600

hiD 6600

Recognize the service according to DSCP/TOS/IP and prioritize it.

VLAN 200

Business Package:

30Mbps PIR

15Mbps CIR

15Mbps EIR

0 Mb

10 Mb

20 Mb

30 Mb

CIR

EIR

PIR



Summary

Introduction SLA service attributes SURPASS Carrier Ethernet QoS solution Upstream mechanism Downstream mechanism SURPASS hiD traffic management capabilities Summary

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