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Protein Synthesis

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Protein Synthesis

Protein

Synthesis

Protein

Synthesis

Protein

Synthesis

Protein

Synthesis

Protein

Synthesis

Protein Synthesis

Transcription

DNA mRNA

Occurs in the nucleus

Translation

mRNA tRNA AA

Occurs at the ribosome

Triplets

(Codons)

Page 9: Protein Synthesis - Mt. SAC 4/Exam 2...Protein Synthesis Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome Triplets (Codons) Genetic Code

Genetic

Code

Transcription

Initiation

Promoter

TATA Box

Initiation Site

Transcription factor

RNA Polymerase

AUG

Page 15: Protein Synthesis - Mt. SAC 4/Exam 2...Protein Synthesis Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome Triplets (Codons) Genetic Code

Elongation

RNA

Polymerase

Adds

nucleotides

to the 3’ end

Page 16: Protein Synthesis - Mt. SAC 4/Exam 2...Protein Synthesis Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome Triplets (Codons) Genetic Code

Termination

Proceeds until RNA polymerase transcribes

a terminator sequence

UAA

UAG

UGA

Page 17: Protein Synthesis - Mt. SAC 4/Exam 2...Protein Synthesis Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome Triplets (Codons) Genetic Code

RNA Processing

5’ guanine cap

3” Poly (A) tail

Page 18: Protein Synthesis - Mt. SAC 4/Exam 2...Protein Synthesis Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome Triplets (Codons) Genetic Code

RNA Splicing

Introns

Exons

Page 19: Protein Synthesis - Mt. SAC 4/Exam 2...Protein Synthesis Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome Triplets (Codons) Genetic Code

Spliceosomes

snRNPs

Small nuclear

ribonucleoproteins

Page 20: Protein Synthesis - Mt. SAC 4/Exam 2...Protein Synthesis Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome Triplets (Codons) Genetic Code

Introns????

Regulation

One gene can code for

alternate polypeptides

Evolution

Domains – structural

and functional regions

Translation

tRNA

Aminoacyl-

tRNA

Synthetase

Ribosomes

Small subunit

Large subunit

P site (peptidyl-tRNA)

A site

(Aminoacyl-tRNA)

E site (Exit site)

Page 25: Protein Synthesis - Mt. SAC 4/Exam 2...Protein Synthesis Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome Triplets (Codons) Genetic Code

Initiation

Page 26: Protein Synthesis - Mt. SAC 4/Exam 2...Protein Synthesis Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome Triplets (Codons) Genetic Code

Elongation

Page 27: Protein Synthesis - Mt. SAC 4/Exam 2...Protein Synthesis Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome Triplets (Codons) Genetic Code

Termination

Page 28: Protein Synthesis - Mt. SAC 4/Exam 2...Protein Synthesis Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome Triplets (Codons) Genetic Code

Polyribosomes

Page 29: Protein Synthesis - Mt. SAC 4/Exam 2...Protein Synthesis Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome Triplets (Codons) Genetic Code

Point Mutation

Page 30: Protein Synthesis - Mt. SAC 4/Exam 2...Protein Synthesis Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome Triplets (Codons) Genetic Code

Point

Mutation

Base Pair

Insertion or

Deletion

Frameshift

Missense – new

Nonsense – stop

Page 31: Protein Synthesis - Mt. SAC 4/Exam 2...Protein Synthesis Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome Triplets (Codons) Genetic Code

Point Mutation

Base Pair Substitution

Page 32: Protein Synthesis - Mt. SAC 4/Exam 2...Protein Synthesis Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome Triplets (Codons) Genetic Code

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