protein synthesis (translation) · 2020. 9. 29. · protein synthesis (translation) pre-ap biology...
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Protein Synthesis(Translation)
Pre-AP BiologySeptember 30, 2020
Goal: I will understand the steps of protein synthesis, focusing on step 3 –translation, and how to use the mRNA strand to build the protein one
amino acid at a time.
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Protein Synthesis has Three Steps:
1. DNA Replication (Monday)
2. Transcription – producing mRNA (Tuesday)
3. Translation – making protein (today)*
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STEP 2 STEP 3STEP 1
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Anticodon
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: Put a line after every 3rd letter so that it is easier to see the codons!
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: Put a line after every 3rd letter so that it is easier to see the codons!
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The final step in protein synthesis Step 3. Translation is when the cell uses the information
on the mRNA strand to build the protein
Ribosomes are composed of a large and small
subunit, each of which contains its own rRNA
molecules to help “read” or decode the mRNA strand
and build the protein
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) associates with a set of
proteins to form ribosomes
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During the construction of a protein, the mRNA attaches to the ribosome at the start codon (AUG)
A third type of RNA called transfer RNA (tRNA) brings the proper amino acid according to the sequence in the mRNA strand
and is the base pair (compliment) of the
mRNA codonChecking system!
Each type of tRNA carries only one
kind of amino acid
The code on the bottom of each
tRNA is called the anticodon
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The ribosome attaches the next amino acid into a chain that grows into
a polypeptide
When the ribosome reaches a stop codon (UAA, UGA, UAG) it
releases the newly formed polypeptide which foldsinto a protein (type of
protein folding will determine its function)
This completes the process of protein
synthesis! J
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