125

prqFkZ v/;k;

^^mÙkj Hkkjr eas LFkkfir fnYyh] tkya/kj rFkk

f'keyk dsUnz esa dk;Zjr dykdkjksa dk 'kkL=h;

laxhr ds izpkj&izlkj esa ;ksxnku**

126

v/;k; 4

mÙkj Hkkjr eas LFkkfir fnYyh] tkya/kj rFkk f'keyk

dsUnz esa dk;Zjr dykdkj iz'kklfud vf/kdkjh

mRrj Hkkjr ds vkdk'kok.kh dsUnzksa esa cgqr ls dykdkj iz'kklfud

vf/kdkjh ds :i esa dk;Zjr jgs gSa rFkk vHkh Hkh dk;Zjr gSaA pwafd bl dk;Z

{ks= esa LFkkukUrj.k gksrs jgrs gSA cgqr de ,sls dykdkj Fks tks ,d gh

dsUnz esa jgdj viuh lsok iznku djrs jgsA bl v/;k; esa lHkh izeq[k

dykdkj tks f'keyk] tkya/kj rFkk fnYyh dsUnz esa jgs gSa muds ckjs esa tks

Hkh tkudkjh eSa laxfBr dj ik;h gw¡ mls ;gk¡ izLrqr djus dk iz;kl fd;k

gSA

^^mLrkn gQht+ vgen [kka**

^^mLrkn gQht+ vgen [kka** vki jkeiqj lgloku ?kjkus ds eq[; xk;dksa eas

ls ,d gSaA vki mLrkn fulkj gqlSu [kka th ds eq[; 'kfxZnksa esa ls FksA vki

vkdk'kok.kh ds fnYyh dsUnz esa fMIVh phQ izksM;wlj ds :i esa dk;Zjr Fks

rFkk vki laxhr ds vdsys fo'ofo|ky;] bfUnjk dyk fo'ofo|ky;

¼[kSjkx

127

^^mLrkn ljQjkt+ gqlSu [kka** & vki Hkh jkeiqj lgloku ?kjkus ls lEca/k

j[krs FksA vki mLrkn ^^fulkj gqlSu [kka th] tks mLrkn fQnk gqlSu [kka th

ds iq= rFkk mΠgSnj [kka th ds iksrs Fks] ds lcls cM+s iq= FksA vki fnYyh

ds vkdk'kok.kh dsUnz esa ¼izksM;wlj½ laxhr funsZ'kd ds :i esa dk;Zjr FksA

buds vfrfjDr ^^Jhefr ek/kqjh eV~Vw** th fnYyh dsUnz esa laxhr funsZ'kd ;k

fMIVh phQ izksM;wlj FkhaA buds ckjs esa T;knk tkudkjh ugha fey ik;h gSA

^^Jhefr lqgkfluh dksjVdj** th fnYyh dsUnz esa ofj"B dk;ZØe vf/kdkjh ds

:i esa dk;Zjr jghaa gSaA ^^,e-vkj- xkSre** th Hkh vkdk'kok.kh ds fnYyh dsUnz

eas iz'kklfud vf/kdkjh ds :i esa dk;Zjr jgs gSaA ^^lrh'k HkkfV;k** th

fnYyh dsUnz esa lqxe&laxhr ds laxhr & funsZ'kd ¼Light Music Producer½

ds :i esa jgs gSaA buds lkFk gh ^^lfyy pkS/kjh**] Jh fp=xqIr] Jh veh'kadj

'kkL=h] Jh izdk'k o

128

if.Mr jfo'kadj

ia- jfo'kadj th dk O;fDrRo vkt vUrjkZ"Vªh; [;kfr ds f'k[kj

ij gSA vius dykRed oSHko ,oa Kku ds cy ij mUgksaus Hkkjrh; e/kqj

ok| ;a= flrkj dks oSf'od [;kfr iznku dh gSA muds bl midkj dks

Hkkjrh; laxhr bfrgkl lnSo vkLFkkiwoZd Lohdkjrk jgsxkA

Hkkjr jRu ia- jfo'kadj th dk tUe 7 vizSy 1920 bZ- dh izkr%

osyk esa Hkkjr ds izfl) izkphu ,oa Hkxoku fo'oukFk dh ifo= uxjh

okjk.klh esa gqvkA vkids firk ia- ';ke'kadj tSLlhj ftys ds dkfy;k

uked xzke ds caxkyh czkg~e.k Fks tks >kykokj ds egkjkt dh lsok esa

vkids tUe ds iwoZ ls gh xkt+h in ij dk;Zjr FksA bUgksaus baXyS.M ls

^ckj&,V&ykW* rFkk tusok ls jktuhfr 'kkL= esa mikf/k;k¡ izkIr dh FkhA

ckn esa mUgksaus jkT; ds ea=h in ls R;kxi= nsdj] vius vfUre 20 o"kZ

;wjksi rFkk vesfjdk esa O;rhr fd;s rFkk mlds i'pkr~ ^dSyhQksfuZ;k

fo'ofo|ky;* esa osnkar n'kZu esa v/;kiu dk dk;Z fcuk fdlh vkfFkZd

ykHk dks /;ku eas j[kdj fd;kA

129

vkids cpiu dk uke jksO;w ¼johUnz'kadj½ Fkk] ijUrq laxhrK ds

:i esa mHkjrs gh vkius viuk uke jfo'kadj dj fy;kA ia- jfo'kadj

vius pkjksa Hkkb;ksa & mn;'kadj] jktsUnz 'kadj] nsosUnz 'kadj ,oa HkwisUnz

'kadj esa lcls NksVs FksA vkids HkkbZ jktsUnz 'kadj dk ,d NksVk lk

vkdsZLVªk Fkk] vkdsZLVªk ds ok|ksa dks ?kj ij ykdj dHkh&dHkh vH;kl

fd;k djrs Fks] rHkh ia- th Hkh cpiu esa Nqidj mudks ctkus dk iz;kl

fd;k djrs FksA86

ia- jfo 'kadj th dh f'k{kk dk izFke pj.k lu~ 1927 esa caxkyh

rksy Ldwy ls vkjaHk gqvk FkkA ;gk¡ ij ik¡poh d{kk rd v/;;u djus

ds i'pkr~ vkxs dh f'k{kk vius HkkbZ ia- mn;'kadj th ds lkfuU/; esa

mudh uR̀; e.Myh esa lfEefyr gksus ds i'pkr~ gqbZA

1931&32 esa fons'k izokl ds le; vkius isfjl esa ^^Ýsap dSFkksfyd

Ldwy** esa f'k{kk xzg.k dhA ogk¡ jgdj vkius vaxzsth] Ýsap vkfn Hkk"kkvksa

dk KkutZu fd;kA vki vius fo"k; esa fy[krs gSa & eSaus Ldwyh f'k{kk

dh vis{kk lkalkfjd vuqHkoksa ls vf/kd f'k{kk izkIr dh gSA**

lkaxhfrd f'k{kk dh ;fn ckr dh tk;s rks tgk¡ ,d vksj vkius

mLrkn vykmn~nhu [kk¡ lkgc dk f'k";Ro xzg.k dj flrkj & f'k{kk

izkIr dh] ogha nwljh vksj vkius vius vxzt ia- mn;'kadj dh ùR;

e.Myh esa jgrs gq, muls uR̀; f'k{kk Hkh izkIr dhA 1934 esa vki yxHkx

11 eghus rd ns'k esa gh jgs vkSj dydÙk esa izokl fd;kA mUgha fnuksa

vkius dRFkd uR̀; 'kSyh dh izjfEHkd f'k{kk xzg.k dhA

86 My Music : My Life - ia- jfo'kadj] ì- 51

130

fnlEcj 1939 eas mLrkn vyh vdcj th ds lkFk vki bykgkckn

esa vk;ksftr laxhr lEesyu esa x;s tgk¡ vkius loZizFke okLrfod rFkk

lkoZtfud lQyrk izkIr dhA

rnUrj ckck us gh y[kuÅ ds vkdk'kok.kh dsUnz esa vkids

fu;fer flrkj&oknu ds dk;ZØe dk izcU/k dj fn;kA 1944 rd vki

y[kuÅ ds vkdk'kok.kh dsUnz ls cjkcj dk;ZØe nsrs jgsA

fnYyh vkdk'kok.kh esa vkidh dyk dk lgh ewY;kadu djrs gq,

1949 esa vkidks nks inksa ds lapkyu djus gsrq bl fo'okl ds lkFk

vkeaf=r fd;k x;k fd bu inksa dks xzg.k dj vki lt̀ukRed ,oa

iz;ksxkRed fn'kkvksa esa dke djsaxs &

1- fons'k lsok foHkkx esa funsZ'kd ds :i esa

fons'k lsok vf/kdkjh ¼,DlVuZy lfoZflt+ vkWQhlj½

2- ok| oÙn ds jpukdkj ,oa la;kstd ds :i esa

¼ok| oÙn ds lapkyd½

yxHkx 7 o"kZ rd vkdk'kok.kh esa dBksj ifjJe djds vkius

Hkkjrh; òUn oknu ds {ks= esa vusd uohu iz;ksxksa dks fodflr :i

iznku fd;kA vkius 60 ls vf/kd ok| okndks ads laxBu dk dq'ky

usrR̀o djrs gq, vkdk'kok.kh ok| òUn dk mRFkku djds] fofo/krkiwoZd

lqUnj jpukvksa dk fuekZ.k fd;kA uohurk ykus ds fy, vkius Hkkjrh;

ijEijk o mlds O;fDrRo dks {kh.k ugha gksus fn;kA ok| oÙn dh

jpukvksa esa vusd ok|+ tSls & oh.kk] ljksn] flrkj] lkjaxh] csyk] fofp=

oh.kk] >ka>] Mªe vkfn dk iz;ksx fd;kA bl NksVs iSekus ij cus vkdsZLVªk

131

ls fofHkUu izdkj dh xrksa dk fuekZ.k dqN ewyiwoZ uewuksa ds vk/kkj ij

fd;k] tks fuEufyf[kr gSa &

'kq) 'kkL=h; % bl vkdsZLVªk dh i)fr esa lEiw.kZ Loj jpuk fuf'pr

gksrh gSA 'kq) 'kkL=h; vkdsZLVªk dh jpuk djrs le; fdlh fof'k"V jkx

esa mlds 'kkL=h; :i dh 'kq)rk dks cuk;s j[kus dk lEHko iz;kl djrs

gq, lEiw.kZ lewg dks tSlk fd og rRdky rS;kj gks tkrk Fkk] ctk;k

djrs FksA blesa lEiw.kZ Loj jpuk okndksa ds lEeq[k j[kh gksrh FkhA bu

Loj lewgksa esa dksbZ Hkh dkmaVj] VokabVk ,oa gkjeuh ugha gksrh Fkh

vkSj u gh lEiw.kZ ok| ,d lkFk ,d gh le; esa ctrs FksA xr

dh e/kqjrk cuk;s j[kus ds fy, vki izdf̀r ds vuqlkj ok|ksa dk pquko

djrs Fks] tSls fd dqN Loj ;fn ljksn ij eq/kj yxrs gSa rks dqN ck¡lqjh

ijA ok|ksa dk vyx&vyx ls vFkok nwljs lgk;d ok|ksa ds lkFk iz;ksx

fd;k tkrk gSA

gYds 'kkL=h; % blesa vki jkx dh vkRek dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, mudk

iz;ksx mfpr y; ,oa ek/kq;Ziw.kZ lathork ds lkFk iz.k; lEcU/kh mTtoy

y; c) Lojlewg ds fy, vk/kkj ds :i esa djrs FksA bleas vkius 'kq)

izdf̀r ds ihyw] [kekt] dkQh bR;kfn jkxksa ij tks vf/kdrj Bqejh 'kSyh

ds fy, iz;qDr gksrs gSa] vk/kkfjr xrksa dk fuekZ.k fd;kA dHkh&dHkh bu

jpukvksa dh fdlh Hkh y; ds lkFk fofHkUu Loj lewgksa dks dk;kZfUor

djrs gq, vki dkmaVj IokbaV dk ,d vR;ar Lora= izdkj iz;ksx djrs

Fks] tgk¡ ok|ksa dk ,d ny vU; ny ds foijhr ctkrk FkkA okLro esa

;g 'kkL=h; laxhr ds dk;ZØe ds nks dykdkjksa ds e/; loky &

tokc ds vuq:i gh FkkA f>a>ksVh] HkSjoh vkfn esa vkidh jpuk,¡ vR;ar

vkd"kZd gSaA

132

yksd 'kSyh % Lojkf/kd ¼mÙksftr½ jpuk,¡ ftudks jfldksa }kjk lcls

mRlkgiw.kZ Lokxr feyk] og 'kq) yksd 'kSyh ij gh vk/kkfjr Fks] ftues

iznksf'kd /kqusa ,oa yksd uR̀;ksa ds fofHkUu izdkj iz;qDr fd;s x;s FksA

blfy, blesa jkxksa dk dksbZ cU/ku ugha Fkk rFkk blesa ubZ /kqus cukus esa

vklkuh jgrh FkhA dsoy ;gh /;ku j[kuk gksrk Fkk fd dgha yksd

laxhr dh i)fr vkSj pyu vkfn u cny tk,A

dFkkud ij vk/kkfjr % iafMr th ds vius gh 'kCnksa esa & ^vius dgkuh

o Hkkoukiz/kku vkdsZLVªk esa Hkh eSaus u, rtqcsZa fd;s gSaA fdlh ltho uR̀;

;k n'̀; ds gksus ls vkdsZLVªk dk egRo bruk ugha gksrk ftruk muds u

jgus ls c

133

iznf'kZr djus gsrq bls Lofjr Øe ls vU; vusd jksxksa ds lkFk fefJr

dj nsrs gSaA

fons'k lsok foHkkx esa rhu o"kZ rd dk;Z djus ds i'pkr~ vki

vkdk'kok.kh ds xg̀&lsok foHkkx esa Hksts x,A ;gk¡ ij vkius ok|&òUn

vFkok uS'kuy vkdsZLVªk ds uke ls ,d cM+s lewg dh O;oLFkk dhA ;g

dqN lhek rd iwoZ fufeZr vkdsZLVªk ds vuq:i gh FkkA fd'kksjkoLFkk eas

iafMr mn;'kadj th ds vkdsZLVªk us ik'pkR; ok|ksa ds iw.kZr;k cfg"dkj

o vkids gǹ; esa bu ok|ksa dks iz;qDr u djus dh ǹ

134

flrEcj 1956 eas vkius vkdk'kok.kh ls R;kxi= nsdj vius

lkgl yxu ,oa izfrHkk dk ifjp; nsus ds fy, ;wjksi ds fy, izLFkku

fd;kA

ia- jfo'kadj egku dykdkj gksus ds lkFk&lkFk lnSo Jksrkvksa dh

lkSUn;Ziw.kZ Hkkoukvksa dh lUrqf"V ,oa lkaxhfrd psruk dks tkxr̀ djus

ds fy, Hkh lspr jgs gSaA vkdk'kok.kh ds vfrfjDr fQYeh nqfu;k esa Hkh

vkius viuh jpukRed nf̀"V ls ,d uohu izof̀Ùk dks laxhr esa tkxr̀

fd;k gSA iafMr th ds vius gh 'kCnksa esa ^^turk dks laxhr fiz; cukus

esa fQYeh xhrksa dk cgqr gkFk gSA blds nks eq[; dkj.k gSa & ,d rks

fQYeh xhrksa dk eryc vke yksxksa dh le> es vklkuh ls vk tkrk gS]

nwljk xhrksa dh /kquksa dks gj dksbZ vklkuh ls xk ldrk gSA**88

vkius vkbZ-ih-Vh-,- ¼bafM;u fFk;sVj I;wfiy ,lksfl,'ku½ dh

lnL;rk ds nkSjku loZizFke ^uhpk uxj^ rFkk ^/kjrh ds yky* nks

pyfp=ksa esa laxhr funsZ'ku fn;kA bu fQYeksa ds laxhr esa vkius vU;

funsZ'kdksa dh 'kSyh dks R;kx dj muds ok|&oÙn esa iw.kZr;k Hkkjrh;

ok|ksa dk iz;ksx fd;kA vkidk dsoy Hkkjrh; ok|ksa dk iz;ksx fdlh Hkh

:i esa ik'pkR; ok|ksa ls de ugha FkkA ml le; fQYeh laxhr esa bl

uohurk dks dyk eeZKksa }kjk vR;ar izksRlkgu feyk] ijUrq dqN o"kksZa ds

mijkUr ^vkWy bf.M;k jsfM;ks* esa dk;ZØe djrs gq, vkius mu fQYeksa esa

laxhr funsZ'ku gsrq izos'k fd;k rFkk fQj ls izklafxd laxhr esa iw.kZr;k

Hkkjrh; ok| ,oa laxhr dh 'kkL=h; ,oa yksd 'kSyh dk iz;ksx fd;kA89

88 laxhr if=dk] twu 1952] gekjs laxhr dh u;h /kkjk,¡ &ia- jfo'akdj] ì- 506 89 laxhr if=dk] twu 1952] gekjs laxhr dh u;h /kkjk,¡ &ia- jfo'akdj] ì- 506

135

^vuqjk/kk* fQYe dks 1961 esa jk"Vªh; iqjLdkj ls lEekfur fd;k

x;kA lR;thr js dh loizFke fQYe ^ikFksj ikapkyh*] tks Hkkjrh; fQYeksa

dk foykfld cu x;h Fkh] esa Hkh vius laxhr funsZ'ku fn;k Fkk] ftls

^dsuj vokMZ* feykA lu~ 1959 esa dkcyhokyk fQYe ds Js"B laxhr

funsZ'ku ds fy, Hkkjr ds loZizFke foyZu dk ^flYoj ch;j vokMZ* iznku

fd;k x;kA blds vfrfjDr eqa'kh izsepUn dh dFkk ij vk/kkfjr

^xksnku*] ^vikj T;ksfr*] ^viw.kZ lalkj*] ^vuqjk/kk* rFkk ^ehjk* vkfn Hkh

vkids laxhr ds dr̀K gSaA 1983 eas iznf'kZr gqbZ fQYe ^xka/kh* esa Hkh

vkius ^laxhr* fn;k] ftls vUrjkZ"Vªh; iqjLdkj izkIr gqvkA vkidh

lkaxhfrd izfrHkk dk ewY;kadu Hkkjr esa gh ugha] cfYd fons'kksa esa Hkh

iw.kZr;k fd;k x;kA QyLo:i vkidks The Chaerytal esa tks fd vfr

foy{k.k mn~ns';iw.kZ dSusMk dh fQYe gS] laxhr jpukvksa dk Js; gSA

lu~ 1957 esa Venic Film Festival esa bl fQYe dks fof'k"V iqjLdkj ls

lEekfur fd;k x;kA vkius Ane suche donj dh fQYe The Flute and

The Blow esa lkaxhfrd funsZ'ku Hkh fn;kA Fire Night Chhapaka esa vkius

es| o ikuh tSls Hkkjrh; jkxksa dh /kqusa if'peh ok|ksa ij ctk;hA lu~

1966 ds yxHkx vkius isfjl esa ,d fQYe ^pkaik dqavk* ds fy, laxhr

rS;kj fd;k] ftlesa vkius Ýkalhlh laxhrdkjksa ds lkFk 'kkL=h; laxhr

iz;qDr fd;kA90

B.B.C. }kjk Alice in wonder cand viola rFkk chartey fQYe ds

fy, fn, x;s if'peh fQYeh laxhr us vkidh /kkd tek nhA Jh gkM

okM ds funsZ'ku esa cuh fQYe That which colour the mind esa mlh le;

ds nkSjku fufeZr fd, x, jkx&jkxs'ojh] dkes'ojh] jaxs'ojh] ijes'ojh

90 laxhr if=dk] vizSy 1970] ì- 34] ys[kd & Hkxor 'kekZA

136

iz;qDr fd,A91 vesfjdk dh fQYe Pt. Ravishanker : West Meets East dk

fuekZ.k gqvk] ftlesa n'kkZ;k x;k gS fd ia- jfo'kadj ds iz;Ruksa ls fdl

izdkj if'pe esa Hkkjrh; laxhr dks yksdfiz;rk feyh rFkk if'pe laxhr

txr jfo'kadj th ls fdruk izHkkfor gSA bl fQYe dh dqN 'kqfVax

Hkkjr esa Hkh dh x;h gSA92 vkius lu~ 1944 eas vkbZ-ih-Vh-,- esa izos'k

fd;k] tgk¡ vkius Indian Immertal uked cSys esa] ftleas uR̀; ds }kjk

Hkkjr dk lkaLdf̀rd ,oa jktuSfrd bfrgkl n'kkZ;k x;k gS] laxhr &

funsZ'ku nsdj viuh fof'k"V ;ksX;rk dk ifjp; fn;kA 1946 esa I.P.T.A.

ls R;kxi= nsus ds i'pkr~ vkius I.N.T. esa dk;Z fd;k] tgk¡ vkidks ia-

tokgjyky usg: dh izfl) iqLrd The Discovery of India ij vk/kkfjr

cSys esa laxhr funsZ'ku dk lqvolj izkIr gqvkA93

tqykbZ 1964 esa vkius iqu% viuh foy{k.k izfrHkk dk ifjp; nsrs

gq, cEcbZ esa viuh laxhr laLFkk ^fdUuj* dh vksj ls ^ewyk;u

vkMhVksfj;e* esa vk;ksftr f}rh; okf"kZd lekjksg esa vkids funsZ'ku esa

uojl jax dk;ZØe izLrqr fd;kA uojl jax ds nks dYiuk iz/kku o u;s

dk;ZØe ^dBiqryh vksisjk* rFkk ^laxhr laxe* vkd"kZd ik'oZ laxhr

rFkk dkO; ds lkFk dBiqrfy;ksa dh uR̀; ukfVdk cgqr vkd"kZd fl)

gqbZA94

uoEcj 1982 esa Hkkjr dh jkt/kkuh fnYyh esa vk;ksftr uoe~

,f'k;u [ksyksa ds mn~?kkVu lekjksg esa izLrqr laxhr rFkk uR̀; esa gekjh

uR̀; dyk rFkk yksd laLdf̀r dh lqUnj >kadh ns'k fons'k ds vfrfFk;ksa

91 laxhr if=dk] vizSy 1970] ì- 34] ys[kd & Hkxor 'kekZA 92 laxhr if=dk] vizSy 1970] ì- 34] ys[kd & Hkxor 'kekZA 93 laxhr if=dk] vizSy 1970] ì- 34] ys[kd & Hkxor 'kekZA 94 laxhr if=dk] vxLr 1964] ì- 64

137

ds le{k izLrqr dh xbZ] ftlds izLrqfrdj.k dk nkf;Ro egku laxhrK

ia- jfo'kadj dks lkSaik x;k FkkA95

blds vfrfjDr lu~ 1970 esa vkius ekbZ e;wftd% ekb ykbQ

iqLrd dh jpuk dhA ;g iqLrd vkids thou ifjp;] f'k{kk dh izsj.kk]

thou la?k"kZ rFkk miyfC/k;ksa ds vfrfjDr ok|&oknu dh vusd uohu

'kSfy;ksa dk lE;d~ Kku djkrh gSA vkius caxyk esa ,d vU; iqLrd

^jkx vuqjkx* dh jpuk dhA96

ia- jfo'kadj th ds ;ksxnku dk voyksdu djsa rks ;g dguk

vuqfpr u gksxk fd mudk cgqvk;keh izfrHkk lEiUu ;fDrRo laxhre;h

fdj.kksa dk T;ksfr&iqat gS] ftldh izR;sd fdj.k viuk Lora= ,oa

lEiw.kZ vfLrRo j[krh gSA ia- th- us vkdk'kok.kh esa jgdj ,d bfrgkl

dk;e fd;k gS ftldks 'kCnksa esa ck¡/kuk dfBu gSA

95 laxhr if=dk] vxLr 1983] ì- 42 96 laxhr if=dk] vxLr 1983] ì- 42

138

iaΠiUuk yky ?kks"k

izfl) ckalqjh oknd Jh iUukyky ?kks"k th dk tUe ,d caxkyh ifjokj eas

gqvkA vkids firkth flrkj ctk;k djrs Fks] firkth dh flrkj dk Jo.k

djrs&djrs vkids vUnj Hkh laxhr&ftKklk tkxr̀ gksrh x;hA

lu~ 1925 esa dydÙkk dh ,d izfl) fQYe dEIkuh esa tc vki dke djrs

Fks] rc ogka vkidh HksaV ekLVj [kq'kheqgEen ls gqbZ tks cgqr vPNk

gkjeksfu;e ctkrs FksA vki ekLVj lkgc ls izHkkfor gq;s rFkk muls laxhr

lh[kus dk fu'p; fd;kA lu~ 1937 esa vkius ekLVj lkgc ls f'k{kk ysuh

'kq: dhA

lu~ 1937 bZΠesa vkidh :fp ckalqjh ctkus dh vksj gqbZA lu~ 1938 eas

^ljbZ dyk uR̀; eaMy* ds lkFk vius ;wjksi dh ;k=k dhA ogka ls tc vki

okfil vk;s rc ekLVj lkgc dk fu/ku gks pqdk FkkA vr% vkius Jh

fxfjtk'kadj pØorhZ th ls dqN fnu laxhr dh f'k{kk izkIr dhA

1940 esa vki cEcbZ pys x;sA dydÙkk esa fQYe dEiuh eas dke djus ds

dkj.k vkidks fQYeh {ks= esa Hkh laxhr dk vuqHko gks pqdk FkkA vr% cEcbZ

esa vkius dqN fQYeksa esa Hkh laxhr&funsZ'ku fd;kA

139

lu~ 1947 bZΠesa egku dykdkj mLrkn vykmn~nhu [kka th ls vkidh HksaV

gqbZ rFkk vki muds f'k"; cu x;sA

iaΠiUuk yky ?kks"k th dk fookg lu~ 1934 eas ik:y ?kks"k ds lkFk lEiUu

gqvk tks Jh vfuy foLokl th dh cgu FkhA lu~ 1940 esa ?kks"k nEifr

eqEcbZ vk x;sA

dqN le; i'pkr~ vkidks fnYyh ls rRdkyhu nwjlapkj ea=h MkWΠdsldj ds

vkea=.k ij vkius fnYyh esa jk"Vªh; ok|oàn ds ifjpkyd dk in xzg.k

djus dk fu'p; fd;kA

izkphu laxhr&'kkL=ksa dk v/;;u dj Jh iUuk yky us vuqHko fd;k fd

fons'kh Okk|ksa ds lerqY; ns'kh ok|ksa dk iqu% vfo"dkj djuk ;k mUgsa uohu

:i nsuk iz;kstuh; gSA mUgksaus le>k fd fo'ks"k vko';drk iM+us ij izkphu

ok|ksa esa ifjorZu ;k mudk LkaLdkj&lk/ku fd;k tk;s] ftlls os vkt ds

vkdsZLVªk ds fy, mi;qDr cu ldsaA

lu~ 1956 ls 1960 bZŒ rd vki fnYyh vkdk'kok.kh dsUnz eas jk"Vªh;

ok|òUn ds ifjpkyd ds :i esa Hkh dk;Zjr jgs gSaA blds vfrfjDr

vkdk'kok.kh ds fofHkUu dsUnz rFkk fofHkUu laxhr lEesyuksa }kjk laxhr ds

Jksrkx.k vkids oknu dk jlkLoknu dj pqdh gSA Hkkjr ds vfrfjDr vki

fons'kksa esa Hkh viuh dyk dk izn'kZu dj pqdsa gSaA vkiuss dqN u;s jkxksa dh

Hkh jpuk dh gS tSls & nhikoyh] t;Ur] pUnzekSfy] uqiq/ofuA

Hkkjro"kZ esa cklqjh dks izfrf"Br LFkku fnykus dk Js; ia- iUukyky ?kks"k dks

gh tkrk gSA bl egku dykdkj dk fu/ku 20 vizSy lu~ 1960 dks fnYyh

esa gks x;k FkkA

lu~ 1940&50 ds n'kd es dksfdy & d.Bh ik:y th us fQYe txr dks

tks xkus fn;s gS os fpjLej.kh; gSa rFkk ml le; dh dbZ fQYeksa esa iaŒ

140

iUuk yky ?kks"k us ckalqjh oknu fd;kA lu~ 1950 esa iaΠiUukyky th dk

fu/ku gks x;kA rFkk 13 vxLr 1977 dks Jhefr ik:y ?kks"k th Hkh

LoxZoklh gks x;hA

141

oh-th- tksx

izfl) csyk oknd Jh fo".kq xkfoUn tksx dk tUEk cEcbZ izSlhMsUlh ds

lrkjk ftys ds obZ uked LFkku ij lu~ 1922 bZΠeas gqvkA buds iwT; firk

Jh xksfoUn xksiky tksx mUgsa ikap o"kZ dh vYik;q esa NksM+dj LoxZoklh gks

x;s FksA vkidh laxhr dh f'k{kk lu~ 1927 bZΠls Jh vR;koys }kjk vkjEHk

gqbZA blds ckn vius ifjJe ds }kjk vki mUufr djrs x;s vkSj fQj Jh

xuir cqok iqjksfgr ds }kjk vkius 'kh?kz gh HkkLdj cqok ds ?kjkus dh xk;u

'kSyh izkIr dh yhA dqN fnu vkius dukZVd i)fr ds vkpk;Z Jh d`".ke~

HkVV~ ds f'k"; foKkus'okj 'kkL=h ls ok;fyu dh f'k{kk YkhA rRi'pkr~ vkius

fofHkUu LFkkuksa ds laxhr dk;ZØeksa esa Hkkx ysuk izkjaHk dj fn;kA lu~ 1936

bZΠeas Jh jkrkautudj th us ,d laxhr lEesyu eas vkidks vkefU=r fd;k

rFkk vkidh dyk ls izHkkfor gksdj lu~ 1938 esa Hkkr[kaMs th }kjk LFkkfir

eSfjl dkWyst esa ok;fyu ds izksQslj in vkidh fu;qfDr dj nhA97

97 gekjs laxhr jRu & y{eh ukjk;.k xxZ & ì- 512

142

vki vkdk'kok.kh fnYyh dsUnz esa vkidk vkdsZLVªk ds lapkyd ds :i es

dk;Zjr jgs gSaA vkius vkdk'kok.kh dsUnz rFkk vkdk'kok.kh laxhr lEesyuksa esa

Hkh viuh dyk dks iznf'kZr fd;k rFkk Jksrkx.kksa us vkidks [kwc ljkgk gSA

blds vfrfjDr vkius Hkkjr ds izfl) laxhrKksa ds lkFk ok;fyu dh laxr

djds vkidks ;'k izkIr gqvkA ukjk;.k O;kl] iaΠfouk;d jko iVo/kZUk rFkk

Jhefr ghjkckbZ cM+kSnsdj vkfn pksVh ds dykdkjksa ds lkFk vkius ok;fyu

}kjk laxr dh gSA lu~ 1949 bZΠesa ghjkckbZ cMkSndj ds lkFk vkius nf{k.kh

vÝhdk dk Hkze.k fd;k rFkk lu~ 1951 esa leLr nf{k.kh Hkkjr dk nkSjk dj

vkius viwoZ [;kfr izkIr dhA98

lu~ 1980 esa iaΠtksx th dks Hkkjrh; ok| laxhr eas egRoiw.kZ ;ksxnku nsus

ds fy, laxhr vdkneh dk iqjLdkj iznku fd;k x;kA99

98 gekjs laxhr jRu & y{eh ukjk;.k xxZ & ì- 513 99 Hkkjrh; laxhr dks egku laxhrKks dh nsu & MkW- dfork pkS/kjh ì- 104

143

Jh vfuy fcLokl

Jh vfuy fo'okl th laxhr txr eas tkus ekus iz[;kr fQYe laxhrdkj

FksA vkius dbZ fQYeksa eas viuk laxhr fn;k gSA fQYe laxhr esa gksus ds

lkFk & lkFk vkidk eu Hkkjrh; ok|òan dh rjQ Hkh vkdf"kZr FkkA ,d

,slh vkokt tks fo'kq) :i ls fgUnqLrkuh gks tc cts rks og fgUnqLrkuh

jkx gksa rFkk ftl ij cts og Hkh fgUnqLrkuh lkt+ gksA

mUgh fnuksa fnYyh eas vkidh HkasV vkdk'kok.kh ds rRdkyhu egkfuns'kd

txnh'k panz ek/kqj ls gqbZA rc vkius mUgs vius ok|òan ds ckjs esa fopkj

Hkh crk,A nks lky ds ckn vkidh HksaV Hkkjr ljdkj ds rRdkyhu lwpuk

,oa izlkj.k ea=h MkW- xksiky jsM~Mh ls gqbZA og vkidh ;kstuk ls izHkkfor

gq;s rFkk vkids lkeus vkdk'kok.kh ok|òan ds funs'kd in dk izLrko j[k

fn;kA

;|fi vki vkdk'kok.khk dks viuh lsok laxhrdkj ds :i esa Hkh ;nk&dnk

nsrs jgsA tc rRdkyhu lwpuk izlkj.k ea=h MkW- ch- oh- dsldj ds dk;Zdky

144

esa vkdk'kok.kh ls fQYeh xhrksa dk izlkj.k izfrcaf/kr dj fn;k x;k rks ml

le; ujsUnz 'kekZ th us vius gh xhr vkils laxhrc) djk, Fks] ;s xhr Fks

^^pkSeq[k fnojk ckj /k:axh] pkSckjs ij vkt**] ^^tkus dkSu fn'kk ls vk,

jktdqekj**] ^^j[k fn;k uHk 'kwU; eas fdlus rqEgs esjs gzn;** ukps js e;wjk**]

rFkk ^^;qx dh la/;k d"̀kd o/kq lh fdldk iaFk fugkj jgh gS** bu xhrksa dk

dk;ZØe ^^izlkj xhr** 'kh"kZd ds varXkZr vkdk'kok.kh ls izlkfjr fd;k x;k

FkkA

varr% igyh ekpZ lu~ 1963 dks vkius fnYyh vkdk'kok.kh dsUnz esa ok|oàn

ds funsZ'kd in dk dk;ZHkkj laHkky fy;kA bl izdkj vki fof/kor~

vkdk'kok.kh dh xfrfof/k;ksa dk ,d vax cu x;sA vkids vius vuqdwy

laxhrdkjksa dk ,d ny cuk;k rFkk FkksM+s gh le; esa ok|òan dh bDdhl

jpuk,a rS;kj dj yhA bueas mYys[kuh; jpuk,a Fkh & ^thou&;equk*]

^prqj& eaxyk*] ^oklo&nÙkk* rFkk ^'kkafrnwr* tks cgqr iz'kaflr gqbZA

vkids dk;Zdky esa vkidh lcls ;knxkj is'kd'k ^ge gksaxs dke;kc ,d

fnu* dh laxhr jpuk Fkh] tks vkt gj txg cM+s&pko ds lkFk xk;h tkrh

gSA xhr ds :i es ;|fi bl jpuk ds lkFk fxfjtk dqekj ekFkqj dk uke

tksM+k tkrk gS ijUrq mudh 'kCn jpuk ls tc vkidks larks"k ugha gqvk rks

vkius ;g xhr Lo;a fy[kkA

vkdk'kok.kh esa vkidk dk;Zdky rhu o"kZ dk jgkA ckn esa vkidk

LFkkukUrj.k vkdk'kok.kh ok|oàn ls vkdk'kok.kh egkfuns'kky; esa phQ

izksM~;wlj ds in ij dj fn;k x;k FkkA blh chp fjVk;jeasV dh vk;q esa

rhu ckj vkidh lsok vof/k c

145

iaΠ,y-ds- iafMr th

iaΠth ds fy, laxhr ,d thou dh ijEijk rFkk vkRek gSA iaΠth us

izflf) ds fy, fdlh izdkj dk le>kSrk ugha fd;k ftlls vkidh x.kuk

Xokfy;j ?kjkus ds lPps rFkk vxz.kh izfrfuf/k;ksa esa dh tkrh gSA

iaŒ y{e.k d̀".kjko 'kadj iafMr fgUnqLrkuh laxhr ds Xokfy;j ?kjkus ds

vxz.kh laxhrK gSaA vkidk tUe 5 ekpZ 1934 esa ,d ,sls lkaxhfrd ifjokj

esa gqvk tgk¡ ik¡p ihf

146

cksyrku] y;dkjh] xed] ehaM&lwr] eqdhZ&[kVdk&tetek bR;kfn xk;dh

ds lk/; rRo gSA vkidh jkxksa ds izfr xgjh le> rFkk rky ij iw.kZ

vf/kdkj vkidh izLrqfr dks fo'ks"k cukrk gSA iafMr th fgUnqLrku ds dqN

,d fo'ks"k dykdkjksa esa ls ,d gS ftudks ^VIIkk* tSlh dfBu xk;u 'kSyh

dks cgqr ljyrk o lqanjrk ls fuHkk ikus dk Js; izkIr gSA

iafMr th ds ikl vusdksa iqjkru o nqyZHk cafn'kksa dk fo'kky HkaMkj gS tks

vkidks viuh fojklr ds :i esa vius cqt+qxksZa ls izkIr gqbZ gSA buesa ls dqN

cafn'kksa dks yqIr gksus ls cpkus ds fy, QksMZ QkmaMs'ku laxhr ukVd

vdkneh] laokn QkmaMs'ku] laxhr ukVd vdkneh] laokn QkmaMs'ku]

vkdk'kok.kh rFkk vU; laxzgky; laLFkkvksa }kjk budk /ofula=L; Hkh fd;k

x;k gSA

,d vf}rh; eap izn'kZd gksus ds lkFk & 2 iafMr th us laxhr txr esa

,d vuqHkoh xq: gksus dk Hkh ;ksxnku fn;k gSA vki laxhr ,oa yfyr dyk

ladk; ds lkFk izksQslj ds :i esa rFkk vkdk'kok.kh ds lkFk fuekZrk ds :i

esa lEc) jgs gSaA

vkius fgUnqLrkuh 'kkL=h; laxhr ds izksRlkgu ds fy, nwjn'kZu ij ^izHkkrh*

uked ,d dk;ZØe Hkh izLrqr fd;kA tks NksVs insZa ij viuh rjg dk igyk

dk;ZØe FkkA vHkh Hkh vki Xokfy;j ?kjkus dh xk;u 'kSyh rFkk cafn'kksa dks

vkxkeh ihf

147

laxhr txr esa vius egRoiw.kZ ;ksxnku ds fy, ljdkj ,oa vusdksa laLFkkvksa

}kjk iafMr th dks lEekfur fd;k x;k gS ftuesa ls dqN dh ppkZ

fuEufyf[kr gS%&

1. Mh- fyV- & thokth fo'ofo|ky;

2. laxhr ukVd vdkneh iqjLdkj] ekuuh; jk"Vªifr] Hkkjr

3. lkfgR; dyk ifj"kn * fnYyh ljdkj

4. f'k[kj lEeku & e/; izns'k ljdkj

5. mLrkn gkfQt+ vyh [+kku iqjLdkj & mLrkn gkfQt+ vyh VªLV

6. lhfu;j QSyksf'ki & laLd`fr foHkkx] Hkkjr ljdkj

7. mLrkn pk¡an [kk¡ vokMZ & mLrkn pk¡n [kku VªLV

8. dE;wuy gkeZuh vokMZ & ubZ fnYyh

9. iaΠvksedkjukFk Bkdqj vokMZ & laLdkj Hkkjrh fnYyh

10. laxhr jRu & paMhx

148

^^vkdk'kok.kh esa tc dksbZ dykdkj izfl) gks tkrk Fkk rks vU; laLFkkvksa

}kjk Hkh dk;ZØeksa ds fy, cqyk;k tkrk Fkk D;ksafd vkdk'kok.kh dk ,d

:rck FkkA**

vkius laxhr f'k{kk ds fy, dk;ZØe cuk;s rFkk bldh :ijs[kk vkdk'kok.kh

ds tujy esa Nkih tkrh FkhA gj jfookj rFkk cq/kokj dks 'kkL=h; laxhr dk

dk;ZØe gksrk Fkk ftlesa ckgj ls dykdkj cqyk;s tkrs FksA vki bl rjg

ds dk;ZØe cukrs Fks ftlls laxhr dk izpkj&izlkj gksA bl rjg vkius

'kkL=h; laxhr dh lsok dh gS rFkk vHkh Hkh vki dj jgs gSa] rFkk ;g dk;Z

vkids fy, vkuUniwoZd jgkA

149

fonq"kh lqefr eqVkVdj

lqefr eqVkVdj th dk uke laxhr txr esa vfoLej.kh; gSA vkidk tUe

lu~ 1916 esa gqvk FkkA vkidk laca/k ,sls ifjokj ls Fkk ftles tt] odhy]

cSfjLVj vkfn FksA vkids firk U;k;k/kh'k Fks rFkk laxhr ds 'kkSdhu o

laxhrdkjksa ds vkJ;nkrk ds :i esa budk uke FkkA

ml t+ekus esa jsfM;ks] fjdkfMZax o laxhr&lHkk dk bruk izpkj ugha FkkA

NksVs&cM+s laxhrdkj vkids ;gk¡ vkrs jgrs Fks rFkk NksVh&NksVh egfQysa

gksrh jgrh Fkh mUgh egfQyksa esa lqus gq, laxhr ds laLej.k ls laLdkj curs

x;s rFkk vkids fy, laxhr dk vkd"kZ.k cuk jgkA vkids firk Hkh 'kkSfd;k

rkSj ij flrkj ctk;k djrs FksA vkids cM+s&cM+s dykdkjksa tSls vCnqy

djhe [kka th] jked"̀.k cqok vkfn dks vkidks lquus dk lqvolj feykA bl

rjg vkidk laxhr dykdkjksa ds lkFk lfØ; laidZ gksrk x;k rFkk vki Hkh

laxhr dh rjQ vkdZf"kr gksus yxhA

baVjehfM,V dh i

150

xk;d lkaoykjke ls vkius xk;u lh[kuk izkjEHk fd;kA vki eqacbZ

vkdk'kok.kh dsUnz dh dykdkj Hkh jgh gSaA vizSy 1943 eas vkidk igyk

jsfM;ksa dk;ZØe eqacbZ dsUnz ls izlkfjr gqvkA rRi'pkr vkius laxhr dh

lk/kuk dks gh y{; cuk;k rFkk vaxzsth dh ,e-,- NksM+dj ukxiqj ls

y[kuÅ vk xbZaA ;gka Hkkr[k.Ms laxhr egkfo|ky; ds izk/;kid vkpk;Z

Jhd"̀.k ukjk;.k jkrutudj th ls laxhr dk izf'k{k.k rFkk 'kkL=xzaFkks dk

v/;;u izkIr gqvkA ifjJe ds cy ij mPpre ijh{kk ds fy, vkius viuk

'kks/k izca/k ^^The Cultural Aspect of Indian Music" rS;kj fd;k rFkk lu~

1950&51 esa izca/k ijh{kdksa }kjk Lohdr̀ gksdj vkidks laxhrkpk;Z dh mikf/k

izkIr gqbZA blh nkSjku vki Xokfy;j ?kjkus ds vkpk;Z iafMr jktkHkS;k

iwNokys ls vki voxr gqbaZ rFkk xq:o;Z ds ladsr ij vknj.kh; jktkHkS;kth

vkidks laxhr fl[kkus yxsA100

/khjs & /khjs vkids dk;ZØe vkdk'kok.kh rFkk laxhr&lekjksgksa esa gksus yxsA

lu~ 1952 esa MkW- ckyd"̀.k fo'oukFk dsldj dks lwpuk o izlkj.k ea=h dk

inHkkj lkSaik x;kA mudh /kkj.kk Fkh fd Lora= Hkkjr esa vkdk'kok.kh ds

dk;ZØeksa es Hkkjrh;rk dh igpku >yduh pkfg, rFkk lHkh dk;ZØeksa ds

Lrj esa lq/kkj gksuk pkfg,A blh mn~ns'; ls mUgksaus fnYyh esa vkdk'kok.kh

egkfuns'kd dk;kZy; (Directorate General Head Quarters) esa fgUnqLrkuh

laxhr ds fy, laxhr funs'kd ds in ij vkidh fu;qfDr gqbZA vkdk'kok.kh

ds ek/;e ls laxhr dh] laxhrdkjksa o ns'kHkj ds Jksrkx.kksa dh

vfHk:fp&ykHk lef̀) dh n`f"V ls vkidks viuh lsok,¡ lefiZr djus dk

lqvolj feykA101

vki lu~ 1968 esa fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; ds laxhr foHkkx eas ^jhMj* ds in ij

izfo"V gqbZa rRi'pkr~ izksQslj o laxhr foHkkx dh izeq[k rFkk ladk; dh 100 xhr fu>Zjh & izksŒ lqefr eqVkVdj] ì- 30 101 xhr fu>Zjh & izksŒ lqefr eqVkVdj] ì- 31

151

^Mhu* ds in ij Hkh vki vklhu gqbZaA yxHkx 13 o"kksZa ds dk;Zdky ds ckn

vki 1981 eas flrEcj esa vki lsokfuoÙ̀k gks xbZA102

vki in~eJh o dkfynkl lEeku ls foHkwf"kr gqbZaA vkidk laxhr&txr esa

vkidk fof'k"V LFkku gSA vkius fons'kksa esa Hkh viuh dyk dh izLrqfr nh gS

tSls & usiky] ekWfj'kl] vkLVªsfy;k] ;wjksi] tkiku vkfnA vkius laxhr txr

esa fofHkUu in ij jgdj cgqeq[kh dk;ksZa ls laxhr dh lsok dh gSA

102 ogh & 32

152

vkpk;Z dSyk'kpUnznso cg̀Lifr

vkpk;Z cg̀Lifr th dk uke laxhr rFkk lkfgR; txr esa fo|eku gSA

vkpk;Z cg̀Lifr dk oa'kxr lEca/k jkeiqj njckj ds lkFk jgk gSA vr% mUgsa

ml ijEijk dk dykxr laLdkj rks feyk gh lkFk gh laLdr̀] Qkjlh]

fgUnh] cztHkk"kk vkfn Hkk"kk,¡ vkSj mudk lkfgR; Hkh muds xaHkhj v/;;u dk

fo"k; cuk FkkA xgu fparu mudk l/keZ Fkk rFkk lkfgR; rFkk laxhr esa

fofo/k ltZu dh izfrHkk muesa lgt gh FkhA

,d vuqla/kkudrkZ gksus ds dkj.k laxhr ds {ks= esa ekU;rk vftZr djus ds

fy, mUgsa tks la?k"kZ djuk iM+k] mlds dkj.k muds O;fDrRo ij ,d izdkj

dk vkoj.k Nk x;k FkkA ml vkoj.k dks tks yksx Hksn ik;s] os muds

vkH;Urj ;FkkFkZ dks vo'; le> ik;s rFkk ogh mudh cgqeq[kh izfrHkk dk

fnXn'kZu dj ik;sA

jkeiqj njckj ds vusd egku dykdkjksa] laxhrKksa laxhr 'kkfL=;kas rFkk

fo}kukas esa vkpk;Z cg̀Lifr th vafre okXxs;dkj jgsA vkpk;Z th dks ^nkx*

x+kfyc rFkk vehj tSls 'kk;j rFkk Xoky tSls cztHkk"kk ds dfo;ksa dk lalxZ

feyrk jgkA bu jkT;kfJrksa ds vfrfjDr mRrj Hkkjr ds Js"Bre laxhr

153

thfo;ksa dk orqZy Hkh jkeiqj eas cu x;k Fkk ftUgsa rkulsu ,oa

lnkjax&ijEijk dh O;ogkfjd ,oa xwk ls rFkk izkjafHkd f'k{kk iaΠdUgS;kyky 'kqDy

ls] jktiafMr jkepUnz 'kkL=h vkfn xq:vksa ls izkIr dhA

103 jkeiqj dh lnkjax ijEijk vkSj izfrfuf/k] vkpk;Z c̀gŒ] ys[kd& 'kj;q dkysdj] ì- 84 16 Hkkjrh; laxhr ds vkIr_f"k & vkŒc̀gŒ ,d v/;;u] ì- 3

154

d.B laxhr esa vki jkeiqj njckj ds LoΠfetkZ uokc gqlSu rFkk rky i{k

esa blh njckj ds LoΠiaΠv;ks/;k izlkn ds f'k"; FksA105

f'k{kk izkIr djus ds i'pkr~ budk fookg ;Fkkle; lk/kuk nsoh ls 1942 esa

gqvk FkkA dqN le; rd jt+k bUVj dkWyst jkeiqj esa dk;Z djus ds i'pkr

viuh izfrHkk o dk;Z {ks= dh lhek c

155

mldk fodkl* ij vkpk;Z th us ihΠ,pΠMhΠ'kks/k izca/k izLrqr fd;kA

lu~ 1960 esa vkidh /keZiRuh lk/kuk th dk LoxZokl gks x;k] ftudk

vkpk;Z th dh miyfC/k;ksa eas egRoiw.kZ ;ksxnku FkkA107

lu~ 1965 esa vkdk'kok.kh us ckjg o"kZ dk vuqca/k nsdj bUgsa fnYyh cqyk

fy;kA vkdk'kok.kh eas vkpk;Z th laxhr] laLdr̀ rFkk cztHkk"kk ds loksZPp

ijke'kZnkrk ds :i esa vklhu jgsA108

fnYyh vkus ds i'pkr~ vkpk;Z th dk fookg iaΠHkksykukFk HkVV~ th dh

lq;ksX; f'k";k dqB lqykspuk dkysdj th ds lkFk gks x;kA lqykspuk th

tSlh lq;ksX; f'k";k ,oa v)kZafxuh ikdj vkpk;Z th us jkeiqj dh lnkjax

ijEijk }kjk jkx ds jgL;ksa dh f'k{kk mudks nhA ftlds ifj.kkeLo:i

Jherh lqykspuk th ds :i esa vkpk;Z th dh leLr miyfC/k;ka vkt Hkh

lkdkj gSA109

vkpk;Z th us vius Kku o c̀f)eÙkk ds cy ij dbZ mikf/k;ka Hkh izkIr dhA

cEcbZ eas 26 flrEcj lu~ 1962 esa vkpk;Z th dk txn~xq: 'kadjkpk;Z

'kkjnkihB us ^fo|kekrZ.M* dh mikf/k iznku dhA jk"Vªifr ch-oh-fxfj }kjk

vkpk;Z th dks laxhr ukVd ,dsMeh }kjk QSyksf'ki Hkh iznku dh xbZA vki

1949 esa fnlEcj eas dkuiqj ds ^foØekthr flag lukru /keZ dkWyst* esa

/kekZpk;Z ds in ij fu;qDr fd;s x;s rFkk bl dkWyst esa jgrs gq, vkius ch-

,-] ,e--,- rFkk ih-,p-Mh- dh mikf/k;ka Hkh lQyrkiwoZd izkIr dhA110

lu~ 1955 esa vDVwcj esa izeq[k lekpkj i=ksa ls irk pyk fd cg̀Lifr th

dks laxhr ds xzaFkks es dqN ,sls lw= feyrs gS ftuds vk/kkj ij izkphu laxhr

dks iw.kZr;k Li"V fd;k tk ldrk gSA blh o"kZ uoEcj eas eqacbZ dh ^lqj 107 HkkŒ lŒ ds vkIr _f"k & vkŒ c̀gŒ ,d v/;;u] ì - 6 108 ogh & ì- 7 109 HkkŒ lŒ ds vkIr _f"k & vkŒ c̀gŒ ,d v/;;u] ì - 8 110 HkkŒ lŒ ds vkIr _f"k & vkŒ c̀gŒ ,d v/;;u] ì - 8

156

flaxkj laln* }kjk vk;ksftr lsfeukj esa vkius v/;{kh; Hkk"k.k fn;kA bl

lsfeukj esa vkpk;Z th us Hkkjrh; laxhr dh fofHkUu dkyhu ifjofrZr

fLFkfr;ksa dk ldkj.k foospu fd;kA

lu~ 1956 bZΠesa flrEcj esa fnYyh esa vkdk'kok.kh dsUnz }kjk vk;ksftr

lsfeukj eas vkpk;Z th us ^jl&fl)kar* ij viuk ekSfyd ,oa fpUru;qDr

fucU/k i

157

iaΠHktu lksiwjh

iaΠHktu lksiksjh th fdlh Hkh ifjp; ds eksgrkt ugha gSA ,d lQy eap

izn'kZd] laxhrdkj] laxhr 'kkL=h] v/;kid] ys[kd] dfo ,oa ,d egku

O;fDrRo & iaΠth vius vki esa ,d laLFkk gh gSA leLr Hkkjr esa tEew

d'ehj dh laLdf̀r dks izfrf"Br djus okys iaŒ Hktu lksiksjh dks "Saint of

santoor" rFkk "king of strings" dh mikf/k ls Hkh igpkuk tkrk gSA

iaΠth dk lEcU/k d'ehj ds lwQh;kuk ?kjkuk ls gS tks fd ,d izfrf"Br]

ikjEifjd larwj ?kjkus ds rkSj ij tkuk tkrk gSA iaΠth dk tUEk Jhuxj

ds ,d lkaxhfrd ifjokj esa gqvkA iaΠth dks larwj oknu izkjEHk djokus

okys muds nknk th iaΠ,lΠlhΠlksiksjh FksA rRi'pkr buds firkth us

iaΠth dk lkaxhfrd ekxZn'kZu fd;k tks fd tEew d'ehj ds lkaxhfrd

^firkeg* ds rkSj ij tkus tkrs gSA iaΠHktu lksiksjh] egku larwj oknd]

ns'k fons'k esa larwj dks crkSj ,dy ok| LFkkfir djus esa vxz.kh jgs gSA

1950 ds iwokZax esa iaΠth us larwj ij fgUnqLrkuh 'kkL=h; laxhr ctkdj

158

izFkerk izkIr djds ,d bfrgkl dh lt̀uk dhA iaŒ th us vius thou ds

laxhr dks lefiZr bu ikap n'kdksa esa larwj ds {ks= es vk'p;Z pfdr dj

nsus okys vusdksa vfo"dkj fd;sA mUgksaus larwj dh jsat dks rhu lIRkd ls Hkh

T;knk c

159

us rhu u, jkxksa dk Hkh fuekZ.k fd;k & jkx ykys'ojh] iVoarh o fueZy

jatuh

iaŒ th us Hkkjr esa jk"Vªh; ,drk ds lapkj ds fy, ns'k HkfDr ds vusdks

xhrksa dks Lojc) fd;k tSls Hkkjr&Hkkjr ge bldh larku] ge gksaxs

dke;kc] Hkkjr dh csVh] fot;h fo'o frjaxk I;kjk] oans ekrje] ljQjks'kh

dh reUuk] ueu rq>dks esjs Hkkjr bR;kfnA iaΠth dks jpukvksa dks ns'k ds

dq'ky xk;dksa us xk;kA

^lkjs tgka ls vPNk* o ^oans ekrje* dh 'kkL=h; Loj jpuk iaΠth dh

egkure jpukvksa esa ls gSA lkaxhfrd {ks= esa iaΠth ds ljkguh; dk;Z dks

ns[krs gq, fofHkUu laLFkkvksa us vusdksa lEekuksa ls iaΠth dks lEekfur fd;k

gS ftudk fooj.k fuEufyf[kr gSA

in~e Jh laxhr ukVd ,dsMeh iqjLdkj

tEew ,.M d'ehj iqjLdkj us'kuy ¶ySx vkWuj vkWQ n vjc fjifCyd vkWQ bftIV

us'kuy f'kjkse.kh iqjLdkj fnYyh jru iqjLdkj fnYyh rsyxw ,dsMeh iqjLdkj

chudkj iqjLdkj ckck vykmn~nhu [kka¡ iqjLdkj

eka¡ 'kkjns iqjLdkj laxhr foHkwfr iqjLdkj laxhr Hkw"k.k iqjLdkj

jkx jtuh laxhr Hkw"k.k lEeku

160

jkx lkxj laxhr jru iqjLdkj

Jh HkVV~ dhfrZ iqjLdkj xkek egkjkt iqjLdkj

'kkjnk lEeku mŒ pk¡n [k¡k iqjLdkj us'kuy Mksxjh iqjLdkj

vkdk'kok.kh okf"kZd iqjLdkj iatkc l[kk iqjLdkj

dyk ;ksxh iqjLdkj vfHkuo dyk iqjLdkj eqUuq xq: laxhr iqjLdkj

'kek iqjLdkj lqe/kqj gal/ofu iqjLdkj

xksYMu tqcyh lekjksg iqjLdkj vkWy bf.M;k jsfM;ks ds }kjk& d'ehjh laxhr esa ;ksxnku ds fy,

KOA (Kashmiri overseas association) (USA) iqjLdkj bR;kfn

vki 1974 esa Jhuxj vkdk'kok.kh dsUnz esa laxhr fuekZrk ¼izksM~;wlj½ ds in

ij dk;Zjr gq,A ml le; esa vki lcls ;qok izksM~;wlj Fks vki 1974 ls

1990 rd d'ehj dsUnz esa dk;Zjr jgsA rc vkidh inksUufr gqbZ rFkk vki

A.D.P ;kfu A.S.D.O. Directrate fnYyh esa vk;sA ,d Broadcaster ds :i

esa vkidk cgqr uke jgk gS D;ksafd tks concept, production ds fy, vkrs Fks

muds fy, tks :ijs[kk rS;kj gksrh Fkh mles vki policy maker FksA vkius

vkWy bf.M;k jsfM;ks dks vius rhl lky lefiZr fd;s gSaA

161

vki d'ehj esa ,d gh vdsys dykdkj Fks tks laxhr ds dk;ZØeksa ds bUpktZ

FksA tc vki Jhuxj LVs'ku esa dk;Zjr gq;s Fks rc ogka vkdk'kok.kh dsUnz

dk iwjs lky dk ctV 16000@& Fkk rFkk tc vkius ogk¡ ls NksM+k rc 12

ls 13 yk[k gks x;k FkkA ;kfu bruh T;knk Production gksrh FkhA ml

le; jkstkuk nks ls 3 xkus Compose gksrs Fks rFkk eghus esa 5 ls 8 dk;ZØe

jgk djrs Fks] ftuesa ubZ & 2 cafn'ksa gksrh FkhA ;qokvksa dks Hkh dkQh ekSdk

feyrk FkkA vkids ònaxku esa 7000 cPps gqvk djrs Fks rFkk cgqr cM+k

izLrqrhdj.k gqvk djrk FkkA ;s dk;ZØe vkWMhVkfj;e esa ugha cfYd LVsfM;e

esa gqvk djrs FksA dkWeu lk¡x] ns'kHkfDr xhr rFkk lkfgR; vkfn dk ,d

eqdke gksuk pkfg, blh ckr dks /;ku esa j[kdj vki dke djrs FksA tc

1990 esa vkidh inksUufr gqbZ rks vki eSaustesaV esa x;s rFkk vkdk'kok.kh

okys pkgrs Fks fd vki izksMD'ku es tk;sa D;ksafd ogka mUufr ds ekSds gksrs

gSaA

vkids 'kCnksa esa & ^^bl ns'k esa ;fn lkaLdf̀rd laLFkk dh ckr djsa rks

vkdk'kok.kh uEcj ,d ij gSA D;ksafd uokcksa dk nkSj ml oDr cUn gks

pqdk FkkA ;g gh ,d lkaLdf̀rd laLFkk Fkh tks iwjk mÙkj&nf{k.k rFkk iwjs

Hkkjr es gS] rFkk tgk¡ iwjs Hkkjr dh vyx&vyx 'kSfy;k¡ rFkk ogk¡ dh yksd

laxhr vkfn dks latks dj j[kk x;k gSA 'kkL=h; laxhr ;k yksd laxhr

vkfn dks ;fn vke yksxksa rd igq¡pk;k x;k gS rks og vkdk'kok.kh dh

cnkSyr gh gqvk gSA ;g ,d laxhrdkjksa ds jkst+xkj dk Hkh t+fj;k Fkk

D;ksafd A.I.R. dh fjdkZfMax lqudj laLFkk;sa dykdkjksa dks cqyk;k djrh Fkh]

;s A Grade vkfn ds dykdkj gksrs FksA xzsMs'ku blfy, rS;kj fd;k x;k Fkk

fd izR;sd dykdkj dks O;fDrxr Lrj ls ns[kk tk;s rFkk mlh fglkc ls

mUgsa vkeaf=r fd;k tk;sA rRi'pkr laxhr lEesyu esa mUgsa cqyk;k tkus

yxkA brus lkjs dk;ZØeksa dks vyx&vyx txg ls vke turk dks irk

pyrk Fkk fd dkSu lk yksd laxhr dgk¡ dk gS rFkk dkSu&dkSu ls dykdkj

162

gS ;s lc izLrqfr vkdk'kok.kh gh djrk Fkk] rFkk tks vkdk'kok.kh us fd;k gS

bruk lc fdlh vkSj laLFkk us ugha fd;kA vkdk'kok.kh us bu lc phtksa dks

latks dj Hkh j[kk gS tSls vizpfyr jkx] rky] fofHkUu ?kjkus dh cafn'ksa

vkfnA gks ldrk gS fd vkus okys le; esa ;s lc phtsa fn[kkbZ] lqukbZ u nsaA

ysfdu vkdk'kok.kh us bls latksdj j[kk gSA**

vki vkdk'kok.kh esa cPpksa ds dk;ZØeksa ls tqM+s jgs] vDlj vkidks cPpksa ds

dk;ZØeksa esa Hkh izLrqfr nsus ds fy;s cqyk;k tkrk Fkk rFkk vkius ;qokvksa ds

fy;s Hkh dk;ZØe fd;s gSaA ;qokvksa ds dk;ZØeksa ls fQj vki general service

eas vk;sA rRi'pkr~ (as a braodscater) izlkj.kdrkZ ds :i esa vkidh inksUufr

gqbZA ysfdu laxhrdkj ds :i esa tks vkius dke fd;k gS oks vkdk'kok.kh ds

cxSj vkids fy;s lEHko ugha FkkA vkdk'kok.kh eas vkids yxHkx 3 ls 4

gtkj xkus gSa tks bl ns'k esa fdlh us ugha fd;k gSA vkidh yxHkx ik¡p

gtkj cfUn'ks gksaxh ysfdu pkj gtkj dsoy vkdk'kok.kh esa gh gSA buesa

vyx&2 Hkk"kkvksa dh tSls vjch] Qkjlh] laLdr̀] if';Zu] mnqZ x+t+ysa gSa rFkk

ml le; dksbZ ys[kd ugha Fkk ftldh cfUn'kksa dks vkius compose uk

fd;k gksA vkidh cfUn'kksa esa 7000 cPps ,d lkFk izLrqfr nsrs Fks] rFkk ,sls

dk;ZØe vkdk'kok.kh ds vykok dksbZ vkSj laLFkk dj gh ugha ldrhA vki

tks ,d lkaLdf̀rd Økafr yk;s mldk t+fj;k vkdk'kok.kh gh FkkA ,d

'kkL=h; dykdkj ds :i esa gh ugha cfYd ,d laxhrdkj ds :i esa vki

ftruh fofHkUurkvksa dks lkeus yk;s gSa ;s lc vkdk'kok.kh ds vykok dgha

lEHko gh ugha FkkA

vki vkdk'kok.kh esa ukVdksa ds fy;s laxhr rS;kj djrs FksA ckn esa vki

ukVd :ikarj dks i

163

vkt vkdk'kok.kh dh igqap cgqr de gks x;h gS rFkk mlesa cgqr lkjs

ifjorZu Hkh gks x;s gSA ifjorZu dk dkj.k ,Q-,e- dk vkuk] Vsfyfotu

usVodZ] yksdy pSuYl] lkm.M ehfM;k dk bruk yksdfiz; vkfn gksuk gSA

blds dkj.k vkdk'kok.kh dh igaqp esa dkQh cnyko vk;k gSA

vkius Reginal level ij lwQh dkO; dks cgqr c

164

dbZ iqjLdkjksa ls lEekfur fd;k x;k gS tSls & laxhr ekrZ.M & fganq

/kkfeZd lHkk] tkWTkZVkmu xq;kuk] laxhr lkjax] laxhr fparkef.k] laxhr&xa/koZ

laxhr*&f'kYih] ekjokM+&lEeku vkfnA

vkius ok.kh uked ,d fdrkc Hkh fy[kh gS tks izlkj Hkkjrh }kjk dh xbZ

gSA vki vkdk'kok.kh ds fnYyh dsUnz ls chief producer rFkk depty director

general in ls lsokeqDr gq, gSA

Jh ^^njckjh yky dlokfy;k** th vkdk'kok.kh ds f'keyk tkya/kj rFkk

fnYyh dsUnzksa esa dk;Zjr jgs gSA vki f'keyk rFkk tkya/kj dsUnz esa dk;ZØe

vf/k'kklh ds :i esa jgsA fQj vki fnYyh dsUnz esa 1987 ls 1990 rd jgs

mlds ckn lu~ 2000 ls lu~ 2010 rd fnYyh dsUnz eas lgk;d dsUnz

funsZ'kd ds in ij jgsA vkius 'kkL=h; laxhr ds fy, dbZ u;s dk;ZØe

cuk;s ftuesa ls ,d egfQy dk;ZØe Fkk ftlesa mPp Js.kh ds dykdkjks

dks cqyk;k tkrkFkk rFkk mudh fjdkZfMax djok;h tkrh FkhA vki 11 ekpZ

lu~ 2010 esa fnYyh dsUnz ls lgk;d dsUnz funsZ'kd ds in ls lsokeqDr gks

x;sA

^^izksŒ efYydk cuthZ** th vkdk'kok.kh ds fnYyh dsUnz esa dk;ZØe vf/klk'kh

ds :i es dk;Zjr jgh gSA vkius vkdk'kok.kh ds }kjk 'kkL=h; laxhr dk

cgqr izpkj fd;k gSA vkius cgqr lkjh iqjkuh fjdkZfMax dks C.D. esa cnydj

mUgsa u;k :i fn;kA bl dk;Z eas vkidk cgqr ;ksxnku jgkA vktdy vki

^^bfUnjk xka/kh us'kuy vksiu ;wfuoflZVh** esa laxhr foHkkx esa dk;Zjr gSA

^^Jh larks"k ukgj** & vki ,d izfl) ok;fyu oknd gSaA vki lu~ 2007 ls

fnYyh dsUnz ds /ofu vfHkys[kkxkj esa dk;ZØe vf/k'kklh ds :i esa dk;Zjr

gSA vki lcls igys 1991 esa vkdk'kok.kh ds jkaph dsUnz es dk;ZØe

vf/k'kklh ds :i esa dk;Zjr gq;s] mlds ckn iVuk fQj jkaph] bykgkckn]

165

chdkusj] tkya/kj dsUnzks esa vki dk;Zjr jgsA lu~ 2007 esa vki fnYyh dsUnz

esa vk x;s FksA vkius lHkh dsUnzksa ij dk;ZØeksa }kjk] lEesyuksa }kjk 'kkL=h;

laxhr dks vkxs c

166

dk;Zjr gSA Jh izeksn esgrk rFkk Jh jktsUnz dqekj ukxiky th Hkh fnYyh

dsUnz esa vf/kdkjh ds in ij dk;Zjr gSaA