OPERANT CONDITIONING

REINFORCEMENT OR PUNISHMENT TO STRENGTHEN OR WEAKEN A

BEHAVIOUR

NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT

FOR POSITIVE OUTCOME

Punishment to encourage someone to strengthen a particular behavior

Roy’s mother deduct pocket money to force Roy to attend a tuition class.

EGOISTICHELPING WAS MOTIVATED BY THE DESIRE

TO INCREASE OWN’ S WELFARE

WHY HE HELPS OTHERS?

Egoism highlights the potential rewards for

helping others .

Roy helps the girl to pick up her pen because he wants to draw the girl’s attention and build a better image for himself.

FIRST IMPRESSION

INSTANTANOEUS FEELING OR OPINION ABOUT SOMEONE WITHOUT CONSCIOUS

THOUGHT

What is first impression ?

FIRST PIECE OF INFORMATION WE RECEIVE THAT HAVE THE MOST IMPACT ON OUR IMPRESSION.

Roy has a good impression towards the girl as she has

good looking.

Furthermore, the first piece of information Roy received from the girl is polite and nice .Therefore , Roy have a good impression on Shermaine

HALO EFFECT

POSITIVE ATTRIBUTE CAUSED US TO ATTRIBUTE OTHER POSITIVE QUALITIES TO AN

INDIVIDUAL.

SHOW IMPORTANCE OF GOOD FIRST IMPRESSION

This can occur without our awareness

Roy derived his first impression towards the girl

and imagine other good

behavior of her. Such as , nice,

compassion and kind .

PASSIONATE LOVE

A STATE OF INTENSE LONGING FOR UNION WITH ONE’S PARTNER

INTENSE LONGING FOR THEIR PARTNER

AND

WANT TO BE CLOSE WITH THE PERSON WHOM THEY FEEL

PASSINOATE LOVE

Roy is longing for Shermaine. His emotions are thrilling and breathtaking . Roy want to be close to and have contact with the person for whom they feel passionate love

INTRINSIC MOTIVATION

NATURE MOTIVATIONThe motivation that comes from inside of an individual for self

enjoyment

TAKE CERTAIN ACTION FOR THE SAKE FO

ENJOYMENT

Lead us to be more fully engaged

Roy have the nature motivation to approach the girl and start be friend with

her . Roy’s intrinsic motivation makes him took the initiative to approach the

girl

COMFIRMATION BIAS

ATTEND TO THE INFORMATION THAT SUPPORT OUR BELIEFS ONLY

DESREGARDING INFORMATION WHICH CONFLICTS WITH OUR

BELIEFS

People tend to ignore what has conflict their self-concept and more likely to listen to the information which

reinforced their beliefs

Roy ignores what he has told by his friend which his girlfriend is

flirty and rude. Besides , he just pays

attention on information that

support his belief that Shermaine is kind and

nice.

COUNTERFACTUAL THINKING

IMAGINE DIFFERENT OUTCOMES FOR SOMETHING THAT HAS ALREADY OCCURRED

UPWARD COUNTERFACTUAL

THINKING

Associated with bad events. This will worsen your mood

Roy is having a upward counterfactual thinking that

he should have listened to his friends’ advice and never go

steady with the girl. This counterfactual thinking has actually worsened his mood.