psychological contract conference 2016: your breach is my breach

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YOUR BREACH IS MY BREACH? JOS AKKERMANS, MATTHIJS BAL, & SIMON DE JONG PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT MEETING 2016, DUBLIN

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YOUR BREACH IS MY BREACH?

JOS AKKERMANS, MATTHIJS BAL, & SIMON DE JONG PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT MEETING 2016, DUBLIN

KEY TAKEAWAYS FROM THIS PRESENTATION

INTEGRATION OF UNIT CLIMATE IN PCB RESEARCH Social context has largely been ignored thus far Unit commitment climate as important sense making device

STRENGTH MODERATES, LEVEL DOES NOT High general level of commitment in unit does not buffer High level of agreement does buffer

3-WAY INTERACTION BETWEEN PCB, LEVEL & STRENGTH Detrimental effects of PCB on engagement are most strongly

buffered when both level ánd climate are high

INTRODUCTION: INCLUDING SOCIAL CONTEXT IN PC RESEARCH

PCB has clear negative effects on individuals

But what about the influence of the social context?

UNIT CLIMATE “Shared perceptions of workers within a unit concerning their beliefs

about the organization” (González-Romá et al., 2009)

Unit climate can influence employee attitudes and behavior Related to PCB sensemaking: commitment climate

COMMITMENT CLIMATE LEVEL Average level of commitment in the unit

COMMITMENT CLIMATE STRENGTH Consensus of commitment in the unit

INTRODUCTION: INCLUDING SOCIAL CONTEXT IN PC RESEARCH

CONSERVATION OF RESOURCES THEORY (Hobfoll, 2001; 2002)

People strive to protect their resources + avoid risks of losing them PCB = resource loss Loss cycle: PCB - engagement + turnover intentions

SOCIAL INFORMATION PROCESSING THEORY (Salancik & Pfeffer, 1968)

Social environment provides cues on how to make sense of and interpret events influences attitudes and behavior

Commitment to the organization of coworkers as an important social cue about how to respond to PCB

Social environment especially powerful in “strong situations”

INTRODUCTION: INCLUDING SOCIAL CONTEXT IN PC RESEARCH

RESEARCH MODEL

METHOD

MULTILEVEL DATASET 1,272 employees in 36 units Dutch healthcare organizations

DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS 91% female (representative of industry) Mage = 43.52; Mtenure = 10.50 years

STRATEGY OF ANALYSIS Multilevel path analyses with MPlus

RESULTS

CLIMATE STRENGTH INTERACTION

-1

-0,8

-0,6

-0,4

-0,2

0

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

1

Low Psychological ContractBreach

High Psychological ContractBreach

Wor

k E

ngag

emen

t

Low Climate Strength

High Climate Strength

3-WAY INTERACTION

-1

-0,8

-0,6

-0,4

-0,2

0

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

1

Low PsychologicalContract Breach

High PsychologicalContract Breach

Wor

k E

ngag

emen

t

(1) High Climate Level, HighClimate Strength

(2) High Climate Level, LowClimate Strength

(3) Low Climate Level, HighClimate Strength

(4) Low Climate Level, LowClimate Strength

WHAT DOES THIS ALL MEAN?

EMPIRICAL SUPPORT FOR ROLE OF SOCIAL CONTEXT Commitment climate strength moderates PCB – engagement link 3-way interaction: negative effects of PCB especially buffered

when both level AND strength are high

SUPPORT FOR COR THEORY AND SIP THEORY IN PCB RESEARCH PCB as resource loss; can trigger loss cycles Social environment as an important cue in the sensemaking process after PCB