psychosocial: suicide
DESCRIPTION
Psychosocial Nursing: SuicideTRANSCRIPT
Presented By: Abigail KrywyChris MachDiana RiveraGwen SollestreIvette Sanchez
Self Enhancement
Growth-promoting Risk Taking Behavior
Adaptive Behavior
Suicidal Activity
Ideation
Attempts
Completed Suicides
Any activity detrimental to the person’s physical well-being that potentially may result in death.
Ex: Alcohol & Drug Abuse, Sexual Promiscuity, Socially Deviant Behavior
Worldwide, at least 1000 suicides occur each day
COMPLETED SUICIDES SUICIDE ATTEMPTS Males – Highest Death Rate Females – Twice as likely to
Attempt
12,000 children a year are hospitalized for suicide attempts.
The highest suicide rate for any group in the US is among people over the age of 65, especially white men over 85.
Non-CompliancePeople who do not comply with recommended health care activities are generally aware that they have chosen not to care for themselves.Prominent related behavior: DenialGuilt Control
ACCEPTABLE NOT ACCEPTABLE
Definition: the act of deliberate harm to one’s own body.
People with Mental Retardation Psychotic Patients
Prison Population
Character disorders, particularly borderline personality disorder
All suicidal behavior is serious, whatever the intent, and thus suicidal ideation deserves the nurse’s priority of care.
Psychiatric diagnosis
Personality traits and disorders
Psychosocial factors and physical illness
Genetic and familial variables
Biochemical factors
Mood disorders
Substance abuse
Schizophrenia
Anxiety disorders
Hostility
Impulsivity
Depression
Hopelessness
Loss
Lack of social supports
Negative life events
Chronic physical illnesses
GENETIC & FAMILIAL VARIABLES BIOCHEMICAL FACTORS
Stressors are individualized, as is the person’s ability to tolerate stress. Precipitation stressors vary widely. Suicide implies a loss of the ability to value the self at all.
It is essential for the nurse to assess each patient for suicidal risk factors.
The BEST predictor is a previous suicide attempt.
In Depressed Adolescents Comorbid substance abuse Prior suicide attempt Family history of major depression Previous antidepressant treatment Loss of a significant relationship History of legal problems Handgun available in the house
In Hospitalized Depressed Patients• High levels of anxiety• First week of admission• First month after dischargeIn Older Patients• Death of a loved oneIn Patients with Alcoholism• Loss of a close relationship in the previous 6 weeks• Concurrent use of other drugs• Late in the course of illness
Resources available can be a protective factor against suicidal behavior
Ex. Using friends, family and community show that the risk may be
decreased
living circumstances. (Alone, with someone)
People that live alone are at higher risk
Who supports him/her emotionally? Who do you feel you can talk to?
Know the clients available resources
Important questions to ask
If you have thoughts about suicidal, don’t keep them secret, tell your family or friends right away. (About one third of people who attempt suicide will repeat the attempt within a year)
Talk to a health or mental health professional. Choose a treatment professional and a
treatment approach with which you feel comfortable
participating in support groups can be very helpful
There are many local resources and mental health care providers in each city, make sure you teach the patient how to use those resources
Self destructive thinking
Seek for help
Resources
Risk for Injury
Hopelessness
Chronic low self esteem
Ineffective coping
common Nursing Diagnosis that can be used when treating patients who are at risk of committing suicide
Depression Schizophrenia Borderline or antisocial personality
disorder Other non psychiatric medical diagnosis
may lead to suicidal behavior, such as terminal illnesses
Suicidal behaviors usually result from the interaction of
several factors
Suicide Self-Restraint
Social Interaction Skills
Depression Self-Control
Distorted Thought Self-Control
Will to Live
The most important priority is maintaining the client's safety
Focus on protecting the patient from harm
Address factors that contributed to patients dangerous behaviors
Setting is based on the assessment of risk
Anything that impairs a patients judgment and rational decision making increases risk of suicide attempts
Availability of a family member or close friend to stay with the patient from beginning to end
Safety is the main priority
Must consider own responses to self-destructive patient’s
All efforts must be made to protect patients and to motivate them to choose life
Understand that some patients will choose death despite their best efforts to intervene
Must develop a realistic understanding of the patients responsibility for his or her own life
Must protect patience from inflicting further harm on themselves
Verbal and nonverbal message of protection Patients are informed of the
nurses intention not to allow harm to come to them
Removing dangerous objects away from the room
Must be sensitive Remain alert Patient should never be left alone Must monitor any medications
Help patients be aware of feelings, label them and express appropriately
Assist patient with self destructive responses
During stress: increase involvement with others, initiate a physical activity, engage in relaxation and tension reducing activities, process feelings by talking with someone or writing in a journal
Positive attributes
Use patient strengths to provide the patient with positive experiences
Reinforce reasons for living and promote patients realistic expectations
Family members need to be aware of behavioral clues that indicate suicidal thoughts and the use community resources
Suicide affects 6 other people
Need someone who can listen to them
Family members should be encouraged to support one another and seek help for their own feelings and responses
Community resources, self help groups, family therapy, public health nurses, clergy and other community based help can provide the patient and family with day to day support
The Nurse should assess the patients knowledge and initiate appropriate teaching.
-Many patients are willing to participate in self-care if it makes sense to them.
-Information about how to handle any future crisis should be provided to the patient
-Helping a patient work through self-destructive behavior can be an extremly rewarding aspect of psychiatric nursing.
Call to action to prevent suicide
-Five basic steps to change the basic attitudes about suicide
-Aims of the National Strategy for Suicide Prevention
- Suicide Prevention Strategies
-Modifications of the care plan are often necessary as patients reveal more of themselves and their needs to the nurse.
-The impact of a completed suicide of the clinical staff
-Sometime throught a psychiatric nurses career they will inevitably experience a patient suicide. These following activities can help the grieving process
Do you believe suicide is a fundamental human right and should be allowed by society?
Protective Responses & Suicidal Behavior