public health
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Public Health. Jason Drenning Ashley Eckes Jessica Eliazar Jessica Elliott. What is Public Health?. Public health is concerned with threats to the overall health of a community based on population health analysis - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Public Health
Jason DrenningAshley Eckes
Jessica EliazarJessica Elliott
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What is Public Health?
Public health is concerned with threats to the overall health of a community based on population health analysis
"Health care matters to all of us some of the time, public health matters to all of us all of the time“ - C. Everett Koop
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Public Health Objectives
The focus of a public health intervention is to prevent rather than treat a disease through surveillance of cases and the promotion of healthy behaviors
Modern public health is concerned with addressing determinants of health across a population, rather than advocating for individual behavior change. Our health is affected by many factors including where we
live, genetics, our income, our educational status and our social relationships - "social determinants of health"
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Facets of Public Health
Epidemiology Environmental Health Social & Behavioral Sciences Biostatistics Occupational Health
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Important Public Health Issues
Smoking Obesity Stress Management Physical Fitness Nutrition HIV/AIDS
Substance Abuse Depression Mental Health Heart Disease Maternal/Infant Health Diabetes
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Early Interventions
The Romans understood that the proper disposal of human waste was a necessary to the health of communities in urban areas.
The Chinese developed the practice of variolation following a smallpox outbreak around 1000 BC. An individual without the disease could become
immune by inhaling the dried crusts that formed around lesions of infected individuals.
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10 Great Public Health Achievements
Vaccinations Motor Vehicle Safety Workplace Safety Control of Infectious
Diseases Decline in deaths from
stroke and heart disease
Safer and healthier foods
Healthier mothers and babies
Family planning Fluoridation of drinking
water Recognition of tobacco
use as a health hazard
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Public Health Today
The developing world remains plagued by largely preventable infectious diseases, exacerbated by malnutrition and poverty. Infectious diseases such as SARS, have made their way
from China to Canada and the United States; Public health challenges also include the
ongoing social, economic and health disasters related to the 2005 Tsunami and Hurricane Katrina in 2006
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Health People 2010
Provides a framework of national health objectives designed to identify the most significant preventable threats to health and to establish national goals to reduce these threats
Goal 1: Increase Quality and Years of Healthy Life
Goal 2: Eliminate Health Disparitieshttp://www.healthypeople.gov/
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Impact of Public Health
The dramatic achievements of Public Health in the 20th century have improved our quality of life: an increase in life expectancy, world wide reduction in infant and child mortality, and the elimination or reduction of many communicable diseases.
Since 1900, the average life expectancy for Americans has increased by about 30 years. Over twenty-five of the 30 years can be accredited to public health initiatives, while medical advances account for less than 4 years.
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Public Health Bills
Large Scope Broad American Public Health Association Priorities
Rebuilding the Public Health Infrastructure Ensuring Access to Health Care Eliminating Health Disparities
Prevention Reducing Health Care Costs
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Obesity
National Health Problem Contributes to diabetes, cardio-vascular
disease, and cancer Disproportionately affects poor, blacks, and
American Indians Increasing the fastest in children
Importance of Prevention
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Impact on Public Health
Health Care Costs and Expenditures Directly associated
According to a recent study, obesity-related medical expenditures in Florida total over $3.9 billion (FDOH, 2005) Over half of the costs being financed by Medicare and
Medicaid (FDOH, 2005).
Indirectly associated Management of diabetes and secondary diseases Costs of disability on economy
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Previous Bills Healthy Lifestyles and Prevention American Act or
HeLP America Act (2004) The purpose is to improve the health of Americans and minimize
health care costs by restructuring the Nation's health care system towards prevention, wellness, and self care.
Urban and Rural Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Act of 2003 To provide assistance for the development of indoor disease
prevention and health promotion centers in urban and rural areas throughout the United States.
Right Start Act of 2003 To improve early learning opportunities and promote
preparedness by increasing the availability of Head Start programs, to increase the availability and affordability of quality child care, to reduce child hunger and encourage healthy eating habits, to facilitate parental involvement, and for other purposes.
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Democratic View
More funding for physical education in public schools
Strengthening Title IX Fighting against President Bush’s push to make
the title weaker Affordable Education and Accessible Health
Care Lowering obesity rates will in tern lower
insurance costs Expand funding
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Republican View
Healthy America Initiative Joint effort with governors both Democratic and
Republican Huckabee, Sanford Napolitano, Scharzenegger, Vilsack, Bredsen
Raise Awareness of healthy behaviors and risks “Do it yourself” solution Put little money into regulation and education
The rest is up to the individual Cost effective programs
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Implications
To fix the obesity problem in America it will cost more before it costs less Those that are already obese Treatment – or prevention measure
Implementation Is law the way to go with the obesity issue?
Governmental time frame is often to short Make sure we don’t “blame the victim” Encouraging good treatment
Requirements for surgery Results of expert opinions and recommendations
Fast food lawsuits
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Childhood Obesity Prevention Act
Rationale for Proposed Legislation To encourage innovative state and community
based activities to help reduce and prevent obesity among children.
Target Group Elementary and Secondary School aged children.
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Childhood Obesity Prevention Act
Primary Mechanisms State and Local Wellness Projects Commission on Prevention of Obesity National Health and Physical Fitness Awards
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State & Local Wellness Projects
State Wellness Project Grants Award Grants to State Educational Agencies to
fund projects related to the creation of nutrition and physical fitness programs targeting school aged children.
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State & Local Wellness Projects
State Wellness Project Grants Basic Program Activities:
Collect preliminary data on the State’s obesity prevalence.
Develop and implement school programs that enhance nutritional education and physical fitness programs. Collaborate with Local Wellness Projects and public/private
community-based organizations Develop State Health Standards. Report the program results.
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State & Local Wellness Projects
Local Wellness Project Grants Award Grants to Local Educational Agencies to
fund projects to promote healthier eating habits and increase physical fitness within the community.
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State & Local Wellness Projects
Local Wellness Project Grants Basic Program Activities:
Provide a preliminary statement of the community’s needs and the project’s goals.
Promote local awareness of the impact of individual behaviors on health status.
Increase opportunities for physical fitness. After-school activities, intramural sports, etc.
Provide support to school nutrition and physical fitness services Training teachers and staff, providing educational materials,
etc. Report the program results.
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Commission on Prevention of Obesity
Establishment and Purpose Provide guidance on research, policy formation,
and other activities of the Federal government relating to the prevention and treatment of obesity.
Oversight of State and Local Wellness Projects.
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Commission on Prevention of Obesity
Commission Duties Collect & review information from Wellness
Projects Provide Feedback
Share information on successful projects. Create recommendations on a Federal response
to obesity prevention and treatment Develop standards for the receipt of the National
Health & Physical Fitness Awards
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Commission on Prevention of Obesity
Consultation Representatives of State and local government
Educators
Community based organizations
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Commission on Prevention of Obesity
Membership HHS Department of Agriculture Department of Education Center for Medicaid and Medicare Services CDC NIH Private sector representatives
Public Health Organizations, Food Industry, Fitness Industry, etc.
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Commission on Prevention of Obesity
Report Every two years Describe & evaluate current programs State recommendations on a Federal response to
obesity prevention and treatment Address Healthy People 2010 objectives
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National Health and Physical Fitness Awards
Program to recognize and award elementary & secondary schools with Outstanding physical fitness and nutritional
education programs Demonstrated improvements in student fitness,
nutritional awareness, and overall health
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National Health and Physical Fitness Awards
Teacher Achievement Awards Awarded to teachers, coaches, & other personnel
for providing leadership within nutrition and physical fitness programs
Student Achievement Awards Awarded to students that demonstrate
improvements in nutrition awareness, levels of physical activity, and have shown overall health improvements
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Childhood Obesity Prevention Act
Estimated Costs State Wellness Project Grants
$500,000 per state grant; 20 state max: $10,000,000 Local Wellness Project Grants
$200,000 per local grant; 100 max: $20,000,000 Must award at least one to each state
Commission on Prevention of Obesity $200,000 per year
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Childhood Obesity Prevention Act
It's estimated that the obesity epidemic costs our nation $117 billion per year in direct health care costs and lost productivity (RWJF, 2007).
We must take action now to address this urgent national health threat.
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Questions?