public health, innovation and intellectual property: global strategy … · 2020. 4. 23. ·...
TRANSCRIPT
EXECUTIVE BOARD EB124/16 Add.2124th Session 21 January 2009Agenda item 4.13
Public health, innovation and intellectual property: global strategy and plan of action
Proposed time frames and estimated funding needs
1. The Sixty-first World Health Assembly adopted the global strategy and the agreed parts of the plan of action on public health, innovation and intellectual property in resolution WHA61.21. That resolution requested the Director-General, inter alia, to finalize the outstanding components of the plan of action, including time frames and estimated funding needs, and submit the final plan for consideration by the Sixty-second World Health Assembly through the Executive Board.
2. The Secretariat has undertaken further work to propose time frames for the specific actions in the plan of action, and has also carried out a costing exercise to estimate funding needs for the implementation of the plan. Where appropriate, this exercise has been guided by the work performed in costing other WHO plans of action. Details of the proposed time frames and estimated funding needs are annexed.
3. The funding estimates are presented for each element of the global strategy and plan of action. This report also presents the expected outcomes if the funding were available for implementation, and explains the methods and major assumptions used in estimating the funding requirements.
Funding requirements
4. Table 1 presents, by element, the funding required from 2009 to 2015 to carry out the activities associated with each specific action at two levels: national and international.1
1 Values may not sum as expected because of rounding.
EB124/16 Add.2
2
Table 1. Cost by element (excludes research and development) (million US$)
Elements National level activities
Global/regional level activities
Total
1. Prioritizing research and development needs
93
354
447
2. Promoting research and development
354
137
490
3. Building and improving innovative capacity
366
43
409
4. Transfer of technology 35 15 50 5. Application and management
of intellectual property
89
46
136 6. Improving delivery and access 298 216 514 7. Promoting sustainable
financing mechanisms
4
4 8. Establishing monitoring and
reporting systems
included in cost of support units
15
15 Total elements 1–8 1 234 830 2 064
The figures provided above represent the costs of establishing the system needed in order to develop and implement the eight elements at national and international levels, with national-level costs constituting 60% of the US$ 2000 million required. The figures cover activities to facilitate coordination, advocacy, development of norms and standards, information sharing, agenda setting, policy making and regulatory functions.
5. However, it is less easy to estimate the subsequent costs of undertaking the subsequent research and development, innovation and technology transfer actions required for implementing the elements identified in Table 1, and the relevant figures are presented separately in Table 2.
Table 2. Research and development, innovation and technology transfer (million US$)
Subtotals National level activities
Global/regional level activities
Total
Subtotal research and development
98 225
32 742
130 966
Subtotal education of research and development workers
6 249
0
6 249
Subtotal research and development infrastructure
6 806
2 876
9 683
Subtotal support units 191 64 255 Total 111 471 35 682 147 154
If the two tables are considered together, the costs of strengthening the system for implementing the eight elements would be about US$ 2000 million, while the costs of undertaking the research and development, innovation and technology transfer, including education of workers and building of infrastructure, might be as high as US$ 147 000 million. The grand total for implementing the global
EB124/16 Add.2
3
strategy and plan of action costed here for all Member States from 2009 to 2015 is of the order of US$ 149 000 million, averaging US$ 21 000 million per year. These costs are additional to those currently being borne (see paragraph 8 below).
Expected outcomes
6. Should this funding be made available by 2015 a total of about 530 000 research and development workers will have been trained, and there will be new and improved research infrastructure, 10 public access compound libraries, some 35 new health products (vaccines, diagnostics and medicines), extensive national research under way on diseases or conditions of importance in each country, strengthened regulatory capacity, political will supportive of innovation and access, and an improved environment for global sharing of information and technology transfer.
Methodology and major assumptions
7. The aim of the costing exercise was to provide an estimate for the additional funding needed to implement the global strategy and plan of action over the medium term (2009–2015). Where possible, the costing used an ingredients approach, in which the quantities of activities deployed in respect of each specific action were identified separately from their associated cost in order to ensure transparency. The relevant figures were obtained from experts within WHO and beyond, and from documents available in-house or on the Internet. The following costs were included: supplemental salaries, meetings, travel, and other operating costs. The assumptions underlying the costing of the major areas of expenditure are provided in Table 3 below.
Table 3. Costings assumptions for major areas of expenditure
Subtotal Percentage of costs
Assumptions
Research and Development
91
Indicative targets for African Union and European Union spending on research and development as a percentage of gross domestic product (1% to 3%). It was assumed that 20% of this was for health.
Education of Research and Development workers
4
Targets were set based on existing numbers of research and development workers in high- and middle-income countries of whom 20% were assumed to be working for health.
The assumption was made that activities for those two areas of expenditure would reach their targets by 2015 and earlier years were scaled using a sigmoid curve. Inflation is not factored into the costing. A technical document detailing the costing is available on request.
Funding requirements for the global strategy and plan of action in the global context
8. Currently, about US$ 160 000 million per year is spent globally on health research and development, of which only about 3% is directed at diseases that disproportionately affect developing countries. The cost of US$ 147 000 million over seven years for the global strategy and plan of action will mean that, over the same period, 12% of the expected global total of research and development spending will now be used against these diseases.
EB124/16 Add.2
5
AN
NEX
Plan
of A
ctio
n on
Pub
lic H
ealth
, Inn
ovat
ion
and
Inte
llect
ual P
rope
rty
Spec
ific
actio
ns
Stak
ehol
ders
T
ime
fram
e E
stim
ated
fund
ing
need
s in
US
dolla
rs
(1.1
) map
ping
glo
bal r
esea
rch
and
deve
lopm
ent w
ith a
vie
w to
iden
tifyi
ng g
aps i
n re
sear
ch a
nd d
evel
opm
ent o
n di
seas
es th
at d
ispr
opor
tiona
tely
aff
ect
deve
lopi
ng c
ount
ries
(a
) dev
elop
met
hodo
logi
es a
nd m
echa
nism
s to
iden
tify
gaps
in re
sear
ch o
n Ty
pe II
and
Ty
pe II
I dis
ease
s and
on
deve
lopi
ng c
ount
ries’
sp
ecifi
c R
&D
nee
ds in
rela
tion
to T
ype
I di
seas
es
WH
O; G
over
nmen
ts; o
ther
rele
vant
st
akeh
olde
rs
2008
–201
5 13
631
210
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(b) d
isse
min
ate
info
rmat
ion
on id
entif
ied
gaps
, an
d ev
alua
te th
eir c
onse
quen
ces o
n pu
blic
he
alth
WH
O; G
over
nmen
ts; o
ther
rele
vant
st
akeh
olde
rs
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
1.1
(c)
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit
cost
s
(c) p
rovi
de a
n as
sess
men
t of i
dent
ified
gap
s at
diff
eren
t lev
els –
nat
iona
l, re
gion
al a
nd
inte
rnat
iona
l – to
gui
de re
sear
ch a
imed
at
deve
lopi
ng a
ffor
dabl
e an
d th
erap
eutic
ally
soun
d pr
oduc
ts to
mee
t pub
lic h
ealth
nee
ds
WH
O; G
over
nmen
ts; o
ther
rele
vant
st
akeh
olde
rs
2008
–201
5 40
8 95
2 86
3 pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(1.2
) for
mul
atin
g ex
plic
it pr
iori
tized
stra
tegi
es fo
r re
sear
ch a
nd d
evel
opm
ent a
t cou
ntry
and
reg
iona
l and
inte
r-re
gion
al le
vels
(a
) set
rese
arch
prio
ritie
s so
as to
add
ress
pub
lic
heal
th n
eeds
and
impl
emen
t pub
lic h
ealth
pol
icy
base
d on
app
ropr
iate
and
regu
lar n
eeds
as
sess
men
ts
Gov
ernm
ents
; reg
iona
l org
aniz
atio
ns
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
1.1
(c)
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit
cost
s
(b) c
ondu
ct re
sear
ch a
ppro
pria
te fo
r res
ourc
e-po
or se
tting
s and
rese
arch
on
tech
nolo
gica
lly
appr
opria
te p
rodu
cts f
or a
ddre
ssin
g pu
blic
he
alth
nee
ds to
com
bat d
isea
ses i
n de
velo
ping
co
untri
es
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
rele
vant
st
akeh
olde
rs (i
nclu
ding
aca
dem
ia, r
elev
ant
heal
th-r
elat
ed in
dust
ries,
natio
nal r
esea
rch
inst
itutio
ns a
nd p
ublic
–priv
ate
partn
ersh
ips)
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
subt
otal
on
R&
D
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit
cost
s
EB124/16 Add.2 Annex
6
Spec
ific
actio
ns
Stak
ehol
ders
T
ime
fram
e E
stim
ated
fund
ing
need
s in
US
dolla
rs
(c) i
nclu
de re
sear
ch a
nd d
evel
opm
ent n
eeds
on
heal
th sy
stem
s in
a pr
iorit
ized
stra
tegy
G
over
nmen
ts; W
HO
; oth
er re
leva
nt
stak
ehol
ders
(inc
ludi
ng a
cade
mia
, nat
iona
l re
sear
ch in
stitu
tions
, and
pub
lic–p
rivat
e pa
rtner
ship
s)
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
1.1
(c) a
nd 1
.2(b
) pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(d) u
rge
the
lead
ersh
ip a
nd c
omm
itmen
t of
gove
rnm
ents
, reg
iona
l and
inte
rnat
iona
l or
gani
zatio
ns a
nd th
e pr
ivat
e se
ctor
in
dete
rmin
ing
prio
ritie
s for
R&
D to
add
ress
pu
blic
hea
lth n
eeds
WH
O; G
over
nmen
ts; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
; oth
er
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
(inc
ludi
ng p
rivat
e se
ctor
)
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
1.1
(c)
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit
cost
s
(e) i
ncre
ase
over
all R
&D
eff
orts
on
dise
ases
that
di
spro
porti
onat
ely
affe
ct d
evel
opin
g co
untri
es,
lead
ing
to th
e de
velo
pmen
t of q
ualit
y pr
oduc
ts
to a
ddre
ss p
ublic
hea
lth n
eeds
, use
r frie
ndly
(in
term
s of u
se, p
resc
riptio
n an
d m
anag
emen
t) an
d ac
cess
ible
(in
term
s of a
vaila
bilit
y an
d af
ford
abili
ty)
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
rele
vant
st
akeh
olde
rs (i
nclu
ding
aca
dem
ia, r
elev
ant
heal
th-r
elat
ed in
dust
ries,
natio
nal r
esea
rch
inst
itutio
ns, a
nd p
ublic
–priv
ate
partn
ersh
ips)
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
subt
otal
on
educ
atio
n of
R
&D
wor
kers
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(1.3
) enc
oura
ging
res
earc
h an
d de
velo
pmen
t in
trad
ition
al m
edic
ine
in a
ccor
danc
e w
ith n
atio
nal p
rior
ities
and
legi
slat
ion,
and
taki
ng in
to a
ccou
nt th
e re
leva
nt
inte
rnat
iona
l ins
trum
ents
, inc
ludi
ng, a
s app
ropr
iate
, tho
se c
once
rnin
g tr
aditi
onal
kno
wle
dge
and
the
righ
ts o
f ind
igen
ous p
eopl
es
(a) s
et re
sear
ch p
riorit
ies i
n tra
ditio
nal m
edic
ine
G
over
nmen
ts; W
HO
; oth
er in
tern
atio
nal
inte
rgov
ernm
enta
l org
aniz
atio
ns; o
ther
re
leva
nt st
akeh
olde
rs (i
nclu
ding
aca
dem
ia;
natio
nal r
esea
rch
inst
itutio
ns; p
ublic
–pr
ivat
e pa
rtner
ship
s; a
nd c
once
rned
co
mm
uniti
es)
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
1.1
(c)
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit
cost
s
(b) s
uppo
rt de
velo
ping
cou
ntrie
s to
build
thei
r ca
paci
ty in
rese
arch
and
dev
elop
men
t in
tradi
tiona
l med
icin
e
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
; oth
er
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
(inc
ludi
ng a
cade
mia
, re
leva
nt h
ealth
-rel
ated
indu
strie
s, na
tiona
l re
sear
ch in
stitu
tions
, pub
lic–p
rivat
e pa
rtner
ship
s)
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
subt
otal
on
educ
atio
n of
R
&D
wor
kers
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(c) p
rom
ote
inte
rnat
iona
l coo
pera
tion
and
the
ethi
cal c
ondu
ct o
f res
earc
h
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
; oth
er
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
2008
–201
5 24
095
640
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
Annex EB124/16 Add.2
7
Spec
ific
actio
ns
Stak
ehol
ders
T
ime
fram
e E
stim
ated
fund
ing
need
s in
US
dolla
rs
(d) s
uppo
rt So
uth–
Sout
h co
oper
atio
n in
in
form
atio
n ex
chan
ge a
nd re
sear
ch a
ctiv
ities
G
over
nmen
ts; W
HO
; oth
er in
tern
atio
nal
inte
rgov
ernm
enta
l org
aniz
atio
ns; r
egio
nal
orga
niza
tions
; oth
er re
leva
nt st
akeh
olde
rs
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
2.2
(f) a
nd 2
.3(b
) and
2.4
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(e) s
uppo
rt ea
rly-s
tage
dru
g re
sear
ch a
nd
deve
lopm
ent i
n tra
ditio
nal m
edic
ine
syst
ems i
n de
velo
ping
cou
ntrie
s
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
; oth
er
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
subt
otal
on
R&
D
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit
cost
s (2
.1) s
uppo
rtin
g go
vern
men
ts to
dev
elop
or
impr
ove
natio
nal h
ealth
res
earc
h pr
ogra
mm
es a
nd e
stab
lish,
whe
re a
ppro
pria
te, s
trat
egic
res
earc
h ne
twor
ks to
fa
cilit
ate
bett
er c
oord
inat
ion
of st
akeh
olde
rs in
this
are
a
(a) p
rom
ote
coop
erat
ion
betw
een
priv
ate
and
publ
ic se
ctor
s on
rese
arch
and
dev
elop
men
t G
over
nmen
ts; W
HO
; oth
er in
tern
atio
nal
inte
rgov
ernm
enta
l org
aniz
atio
ns; o
ther
re
leva
nt st
akeh
olde
rs
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit c
osts
(b) p
rovi
de su
ppor
t for
nat
iona
l hea
lth re
sear
ch
prog
ram
mes
in d
evel
opin
g co
untri
es th
roug
h po
litic
al a
ctio
n an
d, w
here
feas
ible
and
ap
prop
riate
, lon
g-te
rm fu
ndin
g
Gov
ernm
ents
; reg
iona
l org
aniz
atio
ns;
WH
O (t
echn
ical
ass
ista
nce)
; oth
er re
leva
nt
stak
ehol
ders
2008
–201
5 35
642
670
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(c) s
uppo
rt go
vern
men
ts in
est
ablis
hing
hea
lth-
rela
ted
inno
vatio
n in
dev
elop
ing
coun
tries
G
over
nmen
ts; r
egio
nal o
rgan
izat
ions
; W
HO
(tec
hnic
al a
ssis
tanc
e); o
ther
rele
vant
st
akeh
olde
rs
2008
–201
5 45
069
570
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(2.2
) pro
mot
ing
upst
ream
res
earc
h an
d pr
oduc
t dev
elop
men
t in
deve
lopi
ng c
ount
ries
(a
) sup
port
disc
over
y sc
ienc
e, in
clud
ing
whe
re
feas
ible
and
app
ropr
iate
, vol
unta
ry o
pen-
sour
ce
met
hods
, in
orde
r to
deve
lop
a su
stai
nabl
e po
rtfol
io o
f new
pro
duct
s
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
; oth
er
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
2.2
(b)
(b) p
rom
ote
and
impr
ove
acce
ssib
ility
to
com
poun
d lib
rarie
s thr
ough
vol
unta
ry m
eans
, pr
ovid
e te
chni
cal s
uppo
rt to
dev
elop
ing
coun
tries
and
pro
mot
e ac
cess
to d
rug
lead
s id
entif
ied
thro
ugh
the
scre
enin
g of
com
poun
d lib
rarie
s
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
; oth
er
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
2008
–201
5 59
000
000
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
EB124/16 Add.2 Annex
8
Spec
ific
actio
ns
Stak
ehol
ders
T
ime
fram
e E
stim
ated
fund
ing
need
s in
US
dolla
rs
(c) i
dent
ify in
cent
ives
and
bar
riers
, inc
ludi
ng
inte
llect
ual p
rope
rty-r
elat
ed p
rovi
sion
s, at
di
ffer
ent l
evel
s – n
atio
nal,
regi
onal
and
in
tern
atio
nal –
that
mig
ht a
ffec
t inc
reas
ed
rese
arch
on
publ
ic h
ealth
, and
sugg
est w
ays t
o fa
cilit
ate
acce
ss to
rese
arch
resu
lts a
nd re
sear
ch
tool
s
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
(inc
ludi
ng
WIP
O a
nd W
TO);
othe
r rel
evan
t st
akeh
olde
rs
2008
–201
5 70
508
930
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(d) s
uppo
rt ba
sic
and
appl
ied
scie
ntifi
c re
sear
ch
on T
ype
II a
nd T
ype
III d
isea
ses a
nd o
n th
e sp
ecifi
c R
&D
nee
ds o
f dev
elop
ing
coun
tries
in
rela
tion
to T
ype
I dis
ease
s
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
; oth
er
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
subt
otal
on
R&
D
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit
cost
s
(e) s
uppo
rt ea
rly-s
tage
dru
g re
sear
ch a
nd
deve
lopm
ent i
n de
velo
ping
cou
ntrie
s G
over
nmen
ts; W
HO
; oth
er in
tern
atio
nal
inte
rgov
ernm
enta
l org
aniz
atio
ns; o
ther
re
leva
nt st
akeh
olde
rs (i
nclu
ding
rele
vant
he
alth
-rel
ated
indu
strie
s, ac
adem
ia,
inte
rnat
iona
l and
nat
iona
l res
earc
h in
stitu
tions
; don
or a
genc
ies;
dev
elop
men
t pa
rtner
s; n
ongo
vern
men
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
)
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
subt
otal
on
R&
D
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit
cost
s
(f) b
uild
cap
acity
to c
ondu
ct c
linic
al tr
ials
and
pr
omot
e pu
blic
and
oth
er so
urce
s of f
undi
ng fo
r cl
inic
al tr
ials
and
oth
er m
echa
nism
s for
st
imul
atin
g lo
cal i
nnov
atio
n, ta
king
into
acc
ount
in
tern
atio
nal e
thic
al st
anda
rds a
nd th
e ne
eds o
f de
velo
ping
cou
ntrie
s
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
; oth
er
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
(inc
ludi
ng re
leva
nt
heal
th-r
elat
ed in
dust
ries;
aca
dem
ia;
deve
lopm
ent p
artn
ers;
cha
ritab
le
foun
datio
ns; p
ublic
–priv
ate
partn
ersh
ips;
no
ngov
ernm
enta
l org
aniz
atio
ns)
2008
–201
5 21
0 88
6 09
5 pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
als o
n ed
ucat
ion
of
R&
D w
orke
rs a
nd su
ppor
t uni
t cos
ts
(g) p
rom
ote
the
gene
ratio
n, tr
ansf
er, a
cqui
sitio
n up
on a
gree
d te
rms a
nd v
olun
tary
shar
ing,
of
new
kno
wle
dge
and
tech
nolo
gies
, con
sist
ent
with
nat
iona
l law
and
inte
rnat
iona
l agr
eem
ents
, to
faci
litat
e th
e de
velo
pmen
t of n
ew h
ealth
pr
oduc
ts a
nd m
edic
al d
evic
es to
tack
le th
e he
alth
pro
blem
s of d
evel
opin
g co
untri
es
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
, oth
er
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
(inc
ludi
ng: a
cade
mia
; in
tern
atio
nal a
nd n
atio
nal r
esea
rch
inst
itutio
n; re
leva
nt h
ealth
-rel
ated
in
dust
ries a
nd d
evel
opm
ent p
artn
ers)
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
2.2
(b),
2.4
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit
cost
s
Annex EB124/16 Add.2
9
Spec
ific
actio
ns
Stak
ehol
ders
T
ime
fram
e E
stim
ated
fund
ing
need
s in
US
dolla
rs
(2.3
) im
prov
ing
coop
erat
ion,
par
ticip
atio
n an
d co
ordi
natio
n of
hea
lth a
nd b
iom
edic
al r
esea
rch
and
deve
lopm
ent
(a) s
timul
ate
and
impr
ove
glob
al c
oope
ratio
n an
d co
ordi
natio
n in
rese
arch
and
dev
elop
men
t, in
ord
er to
opt
imiz
e re
sour
ces
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
; oth
er
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
1.1
(c) p
lus s
hare
of s
ubto
tal
on su
ppor
t uni
t cos
ts
(b) e
nhan
ce e
xist
ing
fora
and
exa
min
e th
e ne
ed
for n
ew m
echa
nism
s, in
ord
er to
impr
ove
the
coor
dina
tion
and
shar
ing
of in
form
atio
n on
re
sear
ch a
nd d
evel
opm
ent a
ctiv
ities
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
rele
vant
st
akeh
olde
rs
2008
–201
5 4
878
400
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit
cost
s
(c) e
ncou
rage
furth
er e
xplo
rato
ry d
iscu
ssio
ns o
n th
e ut
ility
of p
ossi
ble
inst
rum
ents
or
mec
hani
sms f
or e
ssen
tial h
ealth
and
bio
med
ical
R
&D
, inc
ludi
ng in
ter a
lia, a
n es
sent
ial h
ealth
an
d bi
omed
ical
R&
D tr
eaty
Inte
rest
ed G
over
nmen
ts; [
WH
O];
othe
r re
leva
nt st
akeh
olde
rs (i
nclu
ding
no
ngov
ernm
enta
l org
aniz
atio
ns)
2008
–201
0 1
980
870
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit
cost
s
(d) s
uppo
rt ac
tive
parti
cipa
tion
of d
evel
opin
g co
untri
es in
bui
ldin
g te
chno
logi
cal c
apac
ity
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
rele
vant
st
akeh
olde
rs
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
subt
otal
on
educ
atio
n of
R
&D
wor
kers
and
ele
men
t 4
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit
cost
s (e
) pro
mot
e th
e ac
tive
parti
cipa
tion
of
deve
lopi
ng c
ount
ries i
n th
e in
nova
tion
proc
ess
G
over
nmen
ts; W
HO
; oth
er re
leva
nt
stak
ehol
ders
20
08–2
015
Incl
uded
in su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t cos
ts
(2.4
) pro
mot
ing
grea
ter
acce
ss to
kno
wle
dge
and
tech
nolo
gy r
elev
ant t
o m
eet p
ublic
hea
lth n
eeds
of d
evel
opin
g co
untr
ies
(a) p
rom
ote
the
crea
tion
and
deve
lopm
ent o
f ac
cess
ible
pub
lic h
ealth
libr
arie
s in
orde
r to
enha
nce
avai
labi
lity
and
use
of re
leva
nt
publ
icat
ions
by
univ
ersi
ties,
inst
itute
s and
te
chni
cal c
entre
s, es
peci
ally
in d
evel
opin
g co
untri
es
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
; oth
er
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
(inc
ludi
ng a
cade
mia
, re
sear
ch in
stitu
tions
, rel
evan
t hea
lth re
late
d in
dust
ries;
non
gove
rnm
enta
l org
aniz
atio
ns;
publ
ishe
rs)
2008
–201
5 42
210
000
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(b) p
rom
ote
publ
ic a
cces
s to
the
resu
lts o
f go
vern
men
t fun
ded
rese
arch
, by
stro
ngly
en
cour
agin
g th
at a
ll in
vest
igat
ors f
unde
d by
go
vern
men
ts su
bmit
to a
n op
en a
cces
s dat
abas
e an
ele
ctro
nic
vers
ion
of th
eir f
inal
, pee
r-re
view
ed m
anus
crip
ts
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
; oth
er
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
(inc
ludi
ng a
cade
mia
an
d re
sear
ch in
stitu
tions
)
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
2.4
(a)
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit
cost
s
EB124/16 Add.2 Annex
10
Spec
ific
actio
ns
Stak
ehol
ders
T
ime
fram
e E
stim
ated
fund
ing
need
s in
US
dolla
rs
(c) s
uppo
rt th
e cr
eatio
n of
vol
unta
ry o
pen
data
base
s and
com
poun
d lib
rarie
s inc
ludi
ng
volu
ntar
y pr
ovis
ion
of a
cces
s to
drug
lead
s id
entif
ied
thro
ugh
the
scre
enin
g of
such
co
mpo
und
libra
ries
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
(inc
ludi
ng
WIP
O);
othe
r rel
evan
t sta
keho
lder
s (in
clud
ing
rele
vant
hea
lth-r
elat
ed
indu
strie
s)
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
2.2
(b)
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit
cost
s
(d) e
ncou
rage
the
furth
er d
evel
opm
ent a
nd
diss
emin
atio
n of
pub
licly
or d
onor
-fun
ded
med
ical
inve
ntio
ns a
nd k
now
-how
thro
ugh
appr
opria
te li
cens
ing
polic
ies,
incl
udin
g bu
t not
lim
ited
to o
pen
licen
sing
, tha
t enh
ance
acc
ess t
o in
nova
tions
for d
evel
opm
ent o
f pro
duct
s of
rele
vanc
e to
the
publ
ic h
ealth
nee
ds o
f de
velo
ping
cou
ntrie
s on
reas
onab
le, a
ffor
dabl
e an
d no
n-di
scrim
inat
ory
term
s
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
; oth
er
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
(inc
ludi
ng a
cade
mia
an
d na
tiona
l res
earc
h in
stitu
tions
)
2008
–201
5 19
958
800
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(e) c
onsi
der,
whe
re a
ppro
pria
te, u
se o
f a
“res
earc
h ex
cept
ion”
to a
ddre
ss p
ublic
hea
lth
need
s in
deve
lopi
ng c
ount
ries c
onsi
sten
t with
th
e A
gree
men
t on
Trad
e-R
elat
ed A
spec
ts o
f In
telle
ctua
l Pro
perty
Rig
hts (
cons
ensu
s)
Gov
ernm
ents
20
08–2
015
Incl
uded
in 5
.2(a
) pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(2.5
) est
ablis
hing
and
stre
ngth
enin
g na
tiona
l and
reg
iona
l sup
port
ing
bodi
es o
n re
sear
ch a
nd d
evel
opm
ent
(a) d
evel
op a
nd c
oord
inat
e a
rese
arch
and
de
velo
pmen
t age
nda
G
over
nmen
ts; r
egio
nal o
rgan
izat
ions
; W
HO
; oth
er re
leva
nt st
akeh
olde
rs
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
1.1
(c) p
lus s
hare
of s
ubto
tal
on su
ppor
t uni
t cos
ts
(b) f
acili
tate
the
diss
emin
atio
n an
d us
e of
re
sear
ch a
nd d
evel
opm
ent o
utco
mes
G
over
nmen
ts; r
egio
nal o
rgan
izat
ions
; W
HO
; oth
er re
leva
nt st
akeh
olde
rs
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
shar
e of
subt
otal
on
supp
ort
unit
cost
s (3
.1) b
uild
ing
capa
city
of d
evel
opin
g co
untr
ies t
o m
eet r
esea
rch
and
deve
lopm
ent n
eeds
for
heal
th p
rodu
cts
(a) s
uppo
rt in
vest
men
t by
deve
lopi
ng c
ount
ries
in h
uman
reso
urce
s and
kno
wle
dge
base
s, es
peci
ally
in e
duca
tion
and
train
ing
incl
udin
g in
pu
blic
hea
lth
Gov
ernm
ents
; oth
er in
tern
atio
nal
inte
rgov
ernm
enta
l org
aniz
atio
ns; o
ther
re
leva
nt st
akeh
olde
rs (i
nclu
ding
de
velo
pmen
t par
tner
s)
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
subt
otal
on
educ
atio
n of
R
&D
wor
kers
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
Annex EB124/16 Add.2
11
Spec
ific
actio
ns
Stak
ehol
ders
T
ime
fram
e E
stim
ated
fund
ing
need
s in
US
dolla
rs
(b) s
uppo
rt ex
istin
g an
d ne
w re
sear
ch a
nd
deve
lopm
ent g
roup
s and
inst
itutio
ns, i
nclu
ding
re
gion
al c
entre
s of e
xcel
lenc
e, in
dev
elop
ing
coun
tries
Gov
ernm
ents
; oth
er in
tern
atio
nal
inte
rgov
ernm
enta
l org
aniz
atio
ns; o
ther
re
leva
nt st
akeh
olde
rs (i
nclu
ding
rese
arch
an
d de
velo
pmen
t gro
ups,
rele
vant
hea
lth-
rela
ted
indu
strie
s and
dev
elop
men
t pa
rtner
s)
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
subt
otal
on
educ
atio
n of
R
&D
wor
kers
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(c) s
treng
then
hea
lth su
rvei
llanc
e an
d in
form
atio
n sy
stem
s G
over
nmen
ts; W
HO
; oth
er in
tern
atio
nal
inte
rgov
ernm
enta
l org
aniz
atio
ns; o
ther
re
leva
nt st
akeh
olde
rs (i
nclu
ding
no
ngov
ernm
enta
l org
aniz
atio
ns, r
esea
rch
inst
itutio
ns, a
cade
mia
)
2008
–201
5 N
ot in
clud
ed in
thes
e es
timat
es. T
hese
w
ould
ord
inar
ily b
e pa
rt of
the
cost
s of
heal
th sy
stem
stre
ngth
enin
g
(3.2
) fra
min
g, d
evel
opin
g an
d su
ppor
ting
effe
ctiv
e po
licie
s tha
t pro
mot
e th
e de
velo
pmen
t of c
apac
ities
for
heal
th in
nova
tion
(a) e
stab
lish
and
stre
ngth
en re
gula
tory
cap
acity
in
dev
elop
ing
coun
tries
G
over
nmen
ts; W
HO
; oth
er re
leva
nt
stak
ehol
ders
(inc
ludi
ng n
atio
nal a
nd
regi
onal
regu
lato
ry a
genc
ies)
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
6.2
(a)
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit
cost
s (b
) stre
ngth
en h
uman
reso
urce
s in
rese
arch
and
de
velo
pmen
t in
deve
lopi
ng c
ount
ries t
hrou
gh
long
-term
nat
iona
l cap
acity
bui
ldin
g pl
ans
Gov
ernm
ents
; oth
er in
tern
atio
nal
inte
rgov
ernm
enta
l org
aniz
atio
ns; o
ther
re
leva
nt st
akeh
olde
rs (i
nclu
ding
de
velo
pmen
t par
tner
s; in
tern
atio
nal a
nd
natio
nal r
esea
rch
inst
itutio
ns)
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
2.1
(b)
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
s on
educ
atio
n of
R
&D
wor
kers
and
supp
ort u
nit c
osts
(c) e
ncou
rage
inte
rnat
iona
l coo
pera
tion
to
deve
lop
effe
ctiv
e po
licie
s for
rete
ntio
n of
hea
lth
prof
essi
onal
s inc
ludi
ng re
sear
cher
s in
deve
lopi
ng c
ount
ries
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
(inc
ludi
ng
Inte
rnat
iona
l Org
aniz
atio
n fo
r Mig
ratio
n an
d IL
O);
othe
r rel
evan
t sta
keho
lder
s
2008
–201
5 N
ot in
clud
ed in
thes
e es
timat
es. T
hese
w
ould
ord
inar
ily b
e pa
rt of
the
cost
s of
heal
th sy
stem
stre
ngth
enin
g
(d) u
rge
Mem
ber S
tate
s to
esta
blish
mec
hani
sms
to m
itiga
te th
e ad
vers
e im
pact
of t
he lo
ss o
f he
alth
per
sonn
el in
dev
elop
ing
coun
tries
, pa
rticu
larly
rese
arch
ers,
thro
ugh
mig
ratio
n,
incl
udin
g by
way
s for
bot
h re
ceiv
ing
and
orig
inat
ing
coun
tries
to su
ppor
t the
stre
ngth
enin
g of
nat
iona
l hea
lth a
nd re
sear
ch sy
stem
s, in
pa
rticu
lar h
uman
reso
urce
dev
elop
men
t in
the
coun
tries
of o
rigin
, tak
ing
into
acc
ount
the
wor
k of
WH
O a
nd o
ther
rele
vant
org
aniz
atio
ns
Gov
ernm
ents
20
08–2
015
Not
incl
uded
in th
ese
estim
ates
. The
se
wou
ld o
rdin
arily
be
part
of th
e co
sts o
f he
alth
syst
em st
reng
then
ing
EB124/16 Add.2 Annex
12
Spec
ific
actio
ns
Stak
ehol
ders
T
ime
fram
e E
stim
ated
fund
ing
need
s in
US
dolla
rs
(3.3
) pro
vidi
ng su
ppor
t for
impr
ovin
g in
nova
tive
capa
city
in a
ccor
danc
e w
ith th
e ne
eds o
f dev
elop
ing
coun
trie
s (a
) dev
elop
succ
essf
ul h
ealth
inno
vatio
n m
odel
s in
dev
elop
ing
inno
vativ
e ca
paci
ty
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
(inc
ludi
ng
WIP
O, O
ECD
and
UN
CTA
D);
othe
r re
leva
nt st
akeh
olde
rs (i
nclu
ding
aca
dem
ia;
rese
arch
inst
itutio
ns; h
ealth
-rel
ated
in
dust
ries a
nd d
evel
opm
enta
l par
tner
s)
2008
–201
5 1
442
050
Incl
uded
in su
btot
al o
n ed
ucat
ion
of
R&
D w
orke
rs
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit
cost
s
(b) i
nten
sify
Nor
th–S
outh
and
Sou
th–S
outh
pa
rtner
ship
s and
net
wor
ks to
supp
ort c
apac
ity
build
ing
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
; oth
er
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
(inc
ludi
ng a
cade
mia
, re
sear
ch in
stitu
tions
, rel
evan
t hea
lth-r
elat
ed
indu
strie
s)
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
1.3
, 2.3
(b) a
nd 3
.3(b
) and
3.
4(e)
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(c) e
stab
lish
and
stre
ngth
en m
echa
nism
s for
et
hica
l rev
iew
in th
e re
sear
ch a
nd d
evel
opm
ent
proc
ess,
incl
udin
g cl
inic
al tr
ials
, esp
ecia
lly in
de
velo
ping
cou
ntrie
s
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
rele
vant
st
akeh
olde
rs (i
nclu
ding
aca
dem
ia a
nd
rese
arch
inst
itutio
ns)
2008
–201
5 23
5 20
8 87
3 pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(3.4
) sup
port
ing
polic
ies t
hat w
ill p
rom
ote
inno
vatio
n ba
sed
on tr
aditi
onal
med
icin
e w
ithin
an
evid
ence
-bas
ed fr
amew
ork
in a
ccor
danc
e w
ith n
atio
nal p
rior
ities
an
d ta
king
into
acc
ount
the
rele
vant
pro
visi
ons o
f rel
evan
t int
erna
tiona
l ins
trum
ents
(a
) est
ablis
h an
d st
reng
then
nat
iona
l and
re
gion
al p
olic
ies t
o de
velo
p, su
ppor
t, pr
omot
e tra
ditio
nal m
edic
ine
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
; oth
er
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
(inc
ludi
ng c
once
rned
co
mm
uniti
es)
2008
–201
5 25
776
175
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(b) e
ncou
rage
and
pro
mot
e po
licie
s on
inno
vatio
n in
the
field
of t
radi
tiona
l med
icin
e G
over
nmen
ts; W
HO
; oth
er in
tern
atio
nal
inte
rgov
ernm
enta
l org
aniz
atio
ns; o
ther
re
leva
nt st
akeh
olde
rs (i
nclu
ding
in
tern
atio
nal a
nd n
atio
nal r
esea
rch
inst
itutio
ns, c
once
rned
com
mun
ities
)
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
2.1
(c)
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit
cost
s
(c) p
rom
ote
stan
dard
setti
ng to
ens
ure
the
qual
ity, s
afet
y an
d ef
ficac
y of
trad
ition
al
med
icin
e, in
clud
ing
by fu
ndin
g th
e re
sear
ch
nece
ssar
y to
est
ablis
h su
ch st
anda
rds
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
; oth
er
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
(inc
ludi
ng n
atio
nal
and
regi
onal
regu
lato
ry a
genc
ies;
in
tern
atio
nal a
nd n
atio
nal r
esea
rch
inst
itutio
ns; d
evel
opm
ent p
artn
ers;
co
ncer
ned
com
mun
ities
)
2008
–201
5 17
697
714
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
Annex EB124/16 Add.2
13
Spec
ific
actio
ns
Stak
ehol
ders
T
ime
fram
e E
stim
ated
fund
ing
need
s in
US
dolla
rs
(d) e
ncou
rage
rese
arch
on
mec
hani
sms f
or
actio
n an
d ph
arm
acok
inet
ics o
f tra
ditio
nal
med
icin
e
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
; oth
er
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
(inc
ludi
ng a
cade
mia
; in
tern
atio
nal a
nd n
atio
nal r
esea
rch
inst
itutio
ns; r
elev
ant h
ealth
-rel
ated
in
dust
ries;
con
cern
ed c
omm
uniti
es)
2008
–201
5 14
942
918
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(e) p
rom
ote
Sout
h-So
uth
colla
bora
tion
in
tradi
tiona
l med
icin
e G
over
nmen
ts; W
HO
; oth
er in
tern
atio
nal
inte
rgov
ernm
enta
l org
aniz
atio
ns; o
ther
re
leva
nt st
akeh
olde
rs (i
nclu
ding
rese
arch
in
stitu
tions
, reg
iona
l bod
ies,
acad
emia
)
2008
–201
5 21
875
482
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(f) f
orm
ulat
e an
d di
ssem
inat
e gu
idel
ines
on
good
man
ufac
turin
g pr
actic
es fo
r tra
ditio
nal
med
icin
es a
nd la
ying
dow
n ev
iden
ce-b
ased
st
anda
rds f
or q
ualit
y an
d sa
fety
eva
luat
ion
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
int
erna
tiona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
; oth
er
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
(inc
ludi
ng n
atio
nal
and
regi
onal
regu
lato
ry a
genc
ies,
rele
vant
he
alth
-rel
ated
indu
strie
s)
2008
–201
5 71
749
170
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(3.5
) dev
elop
ing
and
impl
emen
ting,
whe
re a
ppro
pria
te, p
ossi
ble
ince
ntiv
e sc
hem
es fo
r he
alth
-rel
ated
inno
vatio
n (a
) enc
oura
ge th
e es
tabl
ishm
ent o
f aw
ard
sche
mes
for h
ealth
-rel
ated
inno
vatio
n G
over
nmen
ts; W
HO
; oth
er in
tern
atio
nal
inte
rgov
ernm
enta
l org
aniz
atio
ns (i
nclu
ding
W
IPO
); ot
her r
elev
ant s
take
hold
ers
(incl
udin
g ac
adem
ia; i
nter
natio
nal a
nd
natio
nal r
esea
rch
inst
itutio
ns; d
evel
opm
ent
partn
ers;
cha
ritab
le fo
unda
tions
)
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
3.5
(b)
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit
cost
s
(b) e
ncou
rage
reco
gniti
on o
f inn
ovat
ion
for
purp
oses
of c
aree
r adv
ance
men
t for
hea
lth
rese
arch
ers
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
; oth
er
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
(inc
ludi
ng a
cade
mia
; in
tern
atio
nal a
nd n
atio
nal r
esea
rch
inst
itutio
ns; d
evel
opm
ent p
artn
ers;
ch
arita
ble
foun
datio
ns)
2008
–201
5 20
204
100
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
EB124/16 Add.2 Annex
14
Spec
ific
actio
ns
Stak
ehol
ders
T
ime
fram
e E
stim
ated
fund
ing
need
s in
US
dolla
rs
(4.1
) pro
mot
ing
tran
sfer
of t
echn
olog
y an
d th
e pr
oduc
tion
of h
ealth
pro
duct
s in
deve
lopi
ng c
ount
ries
(a
) exp
lore
pos
sibl
e ne
w m
echa
nism
s and
mak
e be
tter u
se o
f exi
stin
g m
echa
nism
s to
faci
litat
e tra
nsfe
r of t
echn
olog
y an
d te
chni
cal s
uppo
rt to
bu
ild a
nd im
prov
e in
nova
tive
capa
city
for
heal
th-r
elat
ed re
sear
ch a
nd d
evel
opm
ent,
parti
cula
rly in
dev
elop
ing
coun
tries
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
(inc
ludi
ng
WTO
, UN
CTA
D, U
NID
O, W
IPO
); ot
her
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
(inc
ludi
ng:
inte
rnat
iona
l and
nat
iona
l res
earc
h in
stitu
tions
; rel
evan
t hea
lth-r
elat
ed
indu
strie
s)
2008
–201
5 13
988
290
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(b) p
rom
ote
trans
fer o
f tec
hnol
ogy
and
prod
uctio
n of
hea
lth p
rodu
cts i
n de
velo
ping
co
untri
es th
roug
h in
vest
men
t and
cap
acity
bu
ildin
g.
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
; oth
er
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
(inc
ludi
ng h
ealth
re
late
d in
dust
ries
)
2008
–201
5 23
049
000
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
als o
n R
&D
, ed
ucat
ion
of R
&D
wor
kers
and
supp
ort
unit
cost
s (c
) pro
mot
e tra
nsfe
r of t
echn
olog
y an
d pr
oduc
tion
of h
ealth
pro
duct
s in
deve
lopi
ng
coun
tries
thro
ugh
iden
tific
atio
n of
bes
t pr
actic
es, a
nd in
vest
men
t and
cap
acity
bui
ldin
g pr
ovid
ed b
y de
velo
ped
and
deve
lopi
ng c
ount
ries
whe
re a
ppro
pria
te
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
; oth
er
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
(inc
ludi
ng r
elev
ant
heal
th-r
elat
ed in
dust
ries
; aca
dem
ia;
nong
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
; de
velo
pmen
t par
tner
s; c
harit
able
fo
unda
tions
)
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
4.1
(b)
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
s on
educ
atio
n of
R
&D
wor
kers
and
supp
ort u
nit c
osts
(4.2
) sup
port
ing
impr
oved
col
labo
ratio
n an
d co
ordi
natio
n of
tech
nolo
gy tr
ansf
er fo
r he
alth
pro
duct
s, be
arin
g in
min
d di
ffer
ent l
evel
s of d
evel
opm
ent
(a) e
ncou
rage
Nor
th–S
outh
and
Sou
th–S
outh
co
oper
atio
n fo
r tec
hnol
ogy
trans
fers
, and
co
llabo
ratio
n be
twee
n in
stitu
tions
in d
evel
opin
g co
untri
es a
nd th
e ph
arm
aceu
tical
indu
stry
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
(inc
ludi
ng
WIP
O);
othe
r rel
evan
t sta
keho
lder
s (in
clud
ing
rele
vant
hea
lth-r
elat
ed
indu
strie
s; in
tern
atio
nal a
nd n
atio
nal
rese
arch
inst
itutio
ns; a
cade
mia
; no
ngov
ernm
enta
l org
aniz
atio
ns;
deve
lopm
ent p
artn
ers)
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
4.1
(b)
plus
shar
e of
cos
ts in
supp
ort u
nit
(b) f
acili
tate
loca
l and
regi
onal
net
wor
ks fo
r co
llabo
ratio
n on
rese
arch
and
dev
elop
men
t and
tra
nsfe
r of t
echn
olog
y
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
; oth
er
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
(inc
ludi
ng re
leva
nt
heal
th-r
elat
ed in
dust
ries,
natio
nal r
esea
rch
inst
itutio
ns, a
cade
mia
; non
gove
rnm
enta
l or
gani
zatio
ns)
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
4.1
(b)
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit
cost
s
Annex EB124/16 Add.2
15
Spec
ific
actio
ns
Stak
ehol
ders
T
ime
fram
e E
stim
ated
fund
ing
need
s in
US
dolla
rs
(c) c
ontin
ue to
pro
mot
e an
d en
cour
age
tech
nolo
gy tr
ansf
er to
leas
t-dev
elop
ed c
ount
ry
mem
bers
of t
he W
TO c
onsi
sten
t with
Arti
cle
66.2
of t
he A
gree
men
t on
Trad
e-R
elat
ed
Asp
ects
of I
ntel
lect
ual P
rope
rty R
ight
s
Gov
ernm
ents
20
08–2
015
Incl
uded
in 4
.1(b
) pl
us sh
are
of c
osts
in su
ppor
t uni
t
(d) p
rom
ote
the
nece
ssar
y tra
inin
g to
incr
ease
ab
sorp
tive
capa
city
for t
echn
olog
y tra
nsfe
r G
over
nmen
ts; W
HO
; oth
er in
tern
atio
nal
inte
rgov
ernm
enta
l org
aniz
atio
ns; o
ther
re
leva
nt st
akeh
olde
rs (i
nclu
ding
rese
arch
in
stitu
tions
)
2008
–201
5 12
135
200
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(4.3
) dev
elop
ing
poss
ible
new
mec
hani
sms t
o pr
omot
e tr
ansf
er o
f and
acc
ess t
o ke
y he
alth
-rel
ated
tech
nolo
gies
(a
) exa
min
e th
e fe
asib
ility
of v
olun
tary
pat
ent
pool
s of u
pstre
am a
nd d
owns
tream
tech
nolo
gies
to
pro
mot
e in
nova
tion
of a
nd a
cces
s to
heal
th
prod
ucts
and
med
ical
dev
ices
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
(inc
ludi
ng
WIP
O);
othe
r rel
evan
t sta
keho
lder
s (in
clud
ing
inte
rnat
iona
l and
nat
iona
l re
sear
ch in
stitu
tion;
rele
vant
hea
lth-r
elat
ed
indu
strie
s, no
ngov
ernm
enta
l org
aniz
atio
ns;
acad
emia
)
2008
–201
5 1
000
000
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit
cost
s
(b) e
xplo
re a
nd, i
f fea
sibl
e, d
evel
op p
ossi
ble
ne
w m
echa
nism
s to
prom
ote
trans
fer o
f and
ac
cess
to k
ey h
ealth
-rel
ated
tech
nolo
gies
of
rele
vanc
e to
pub
lic h
ealth
nee
ds o
f dev
elop
ing
coun
tries
esp
ecia
lly o
n Ty
pe II
and
III d
isea
ses
and
the
spec
ific
R&
D n
eeds
of d
evel
opin
g co
untri
es in
resp
ect o
f Typ
e I d
isea
ses,
whi
ch
are
cons
iste
nt w
ith th
e pr
ovis
ions
of t
he T
RIP
S ag
reem
ent a
nd in
stru
men
ts re
late
d to
that
ag
reem
ent,
whi
ch p
rovi
de fl
exib
ilitie
s to
take
m
easu
res t
o pr
otec
t pub
lic h
ealth
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
(inc
ludi
ng
WIP
O, W
TO);
othe
r rel
evan
t sta
keho
lder
s (in
clud
ing
heal
th-r
elat
ed in
dust
ries)
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
4.1
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
EB124/16 Add.2 Annex
16
Spec
ific
actio
ns
Stak
ehol
ders
T
ime
fram
e E
stim
ated
fund
ing
need
s in
US
dolla
rs
(5.1
) sup
port
ing
info
rmat
ion
shar
ing
and
capa
city
bui
ldin
g in
the
appl
icat
ion
and
man
agem
ent o
f int
elle
ctua
l pro
pert
y w
ith r
espe
ct to
hea
lth r
elat
ed in
nova
tion
and
the
prom
otio
n of
pub
lic h
ealth
in d
evel
opin
g co
untr
ies
(a) e
ncou
rage
and
supp
ort t
he a
pplic
atio
n an
d m
anag
emen
t of i
ntel
lect
ual p
rope
rty in
a
man
ner t
hat m
axim
izes
hea
lth-r
elat
ed
inno
vatio
n an
d pr
omot
es a
cces
s to
heal
th
prod
ucts
and
that
is c
onsi
sten
t with
the
prov
isio
ns in
the
TRIP
S ag
reem
ent a
nd o
ther
W
TO in
stru
men
ts re
late
d to
that
agr
eem
ent a
nd
mee
ts th
e sp
ecifi
c R
&D
nee
ds o
f dev
elop
ing
coun
tries
[Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
(inc
ludi
ng
WIP
O, W
TO
, UN
CT
AD
); ot
her r
elev
ant
stak
ehol
ders
(inc
ludi
ng in
tern
atio
nal a
nd
natio
nal r
esea
rch
inst
itutio
ns a
nd
deve
lopm
ent p
artn
ers)
] [G
over
nmen
ts; W
HO
; oth
er in
tern
atio
nal
inte
rgov
ernm
enta
l org
aniz
atio
ns (i
nclu
ding
W
IPO
, WTO
, UN
CTA
D);
othe
r rel
evan
t st
akeh
olde
rs (i
nclu
ding
inte
rnat
iona
l and
na
tiona
l res
earc
h in
stitu
tions
and
de
velo
pmen
t par
tner
s)]))
2008
–201
5 46
649
752
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(b) p
rom
ote
and
supp
ort,
incl
udin
g th
roug
h in
tern
atio
nal c
oope
ratio
n, n
atio
nal a
nd re
gion
al
inst
itutio
ns in
thei
r eff
orts
to b
uild
and
st
reng
then
cap
acity
to m
anag
e an
d ap
ply
inte
llect
ual p
rope
rty in
a m
anne
r orie
nted
to
publ
ic h
ealth
nee
ds a
nd p
riorit
ies o
f dev
elop
ing
coun
tries
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O/[W
HO
]; ot
her
inte
rnat
iona
l int
ergo
vern
men
tal
orga
niza
tions
(inc
ludi
ng [W
IPO
]/[W
IPO
], [W
TO
]/[W
TO],
UN
CT
AD
; oth
er re
leva
nt
stak
ehol
ders
(inc
ludi
ng in
tern
atio
nal a
nd
natio
nal r
esea
rch
inst
itutio
ns a
nd
deve
lopm
ent p
artn
ers)
2008
–201
5 13
708
184
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(c) F
acili
tate
wid
espr
ead
acce
ss to
, and
pro
mot
e fu
rther
dev
elop
men
t of,
incl
udin
g, if
nec
essa
ry,
com
pilin
g, m
aint
aini
ng a
nd u
pdat
ing,
use
r-fr
iend
ly g
loba
l dat
abas
es w
hich
con
tain
pub
lic
info
rmat
ion
on th
e ad
min
istra
tive
stat
us o
f he
alth
-rel
ated
pat
ents
, inc
ludi
ng su
ppor
ting
the
exis
ting
effo
rts fo
r det
erm
inin
g th
e pa
tent
stat
us
of h
ealth
pro
duct
s, in
ord
er to
stre
ngth
en
natio
nal c
apac
ities
for a
naly
sis o
f the
in
form
atio
n co
ntai
ned
in th
ose
data
base
s, an
d im
prov
e th
e qu
ality
of p
aten
ts
[Gov
ernm
ents
]/[G
over
nmen
ts];
[WH
O]/[
WH
O];
othe
r int
erna
tiona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
(inc
ludi
ng
[WIP
O]/[
WIP
O],
[WTO
]/[W
TO
], [U
NC
TAD
]; ot
her r
elev
ant s
take
hold
ers
(incl
udin
g in
tern
atio
nal a
nd n
atio
nal
rese
arch
inst
itutio
ns a
nd d
evel
opm
ent
partn
ers)
]
2008
–201
5 17
629
960
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
Annex EB124/16 Add.2
17
Spec
ific
actio
ns
Stak
ehol
ders
T
ime
fram
e E
stim
ated
fund
ing
need
s in
US
dolla
rs
(d) s
timul
ate
colla
bora
tion
amon
g pe
rtine
nt
natio
nal i
nstit
utio
ns a
nd re
leva
nt g
over
nmen
t de
partm
ents
, as w
ell a
s bet
wee
n na
tiona
l, re
gion
al a
nd in
tern
atio
nal i
nstit
utio
ns, i
n or
der
to p
rom
ote
info
rmat
ion
shar
ing
rele
vant
to
publ
ic h
ealth
nee
ds
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
; oth
er
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
(inc
ludi
ng a
cade
mia
; in
tern
atio
nal a
nd n
atio
nal r
esea
rch
inst
itutio
ns; d
evel
opm
ent a
genc
ies;
no
ngov
ernm
enta
l org
aniz
atio
ns; r
elev
ant
heal
th-r
elat
ed in
dust
ries)
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
5.1
(a) a
nd (b
) pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(e) s
treng
then
edu
catio
n an
d tra
inin
g in
the
appl
icat
ion
and
man
agem
ent o
f int
elle
ctua
l pr
oper
ty, f
rom
a p
ublic
hea
lth p
ersp
ectiv
e ta
king
into
acc
ount
the
prov
isio
ns c
onta
ined
in
the
Agr
eem
ent o
n Tr
ade-
Rel
ated
Asp
ects
of
Inte
llect
ual P
rope
rty R
ight
s, in
clud
ing
the
flexi
bilit
ies r
ecog
nize
d by
the
Doh
a M
inis
teria
l D
ecla
ratio
n on
the
TRIP
S A
gree
men
t and
Pu
blic
Hea
lth a
nd o
ther
WTO
inst
rum
ents
re
late
d to
the
TRIP
S A
gree
men
t
Gov
ernm
ents
; [W
HO
]/[W
HO
]; ot
her
inte
rnat
iona
l int
ergo
vern
men
tal
orga
niza
tions
(inc
ludi
ng [W
IPO
]/[W
IPO
], [W
TO]/[
WT
O],
[UN
CTA
D]/[
UN
CT
AD
]);
othe
r rel
evan
t sta
keho
lder
s (in
clud
ing
inte
rnat
iona
l and
nat
iona
l res
earc
h in
stitu
tions
and
dev
elop
men
t par
tner
s
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
5.1
(a) a
nd (b
) pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(f) f
acili
tate
, whe
re fe
asib
le a
nd a
ppro
pria
te,
poss
ible
acc
ess t
o tra
ditio
nal m
edic
inal
kn
owle
dge
info
rmat
ion
for u
se a
s prio
r art
in
exam
inat
ion
of p
aten
ts, i
nclu
ding
, whe
re
appr
opria
te, t
he in
clus
ion
of tr
aditi
onal
m
edic
inal
kno
wle
dge
info
rmat
ion
in d
igita
l lib
rarie
s
Gov
ernm
ents
; [W
HO
; oth
er in
tern
atio
nal
inte
rgov
ernm
enta
l org
aniz
atio
ns; o
ther
re
leva
nt st
akeh
olde
rs (i
nclu
ding
] co
ncer
ned
com
mun
ities
)
2008
–201
5 14
177
000
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(g) p
rom
ote
activ
e an
d ef
fect
ive
parti
cipa
tion
of
heal
th re
pres
enta
tives
in in
telle
ctua
l pro
perty
-re
late
d ne
gotia
tions
, whe
re a
ppro
pria
te, i
n or
der
that
such
neg
otia
tions
als
o re
flect
pub
lic h
ealth
ne
eds
Gov
ernm
ents
20
08–2
015
Incl
uded
in sh
are
of c
osts
of s
uppo
rt un
it
(h) s
treng
then
eff
orts
to e
ffec
tivel
y co
ordi
nate
w
ork
rela
ting
to in
telle
ctua
l pro
perty
and
pub
lic
heal
th a
mon
g th
e Se
cret
aria
ts a
nd g
over
ning
bo
dies
of r
elev
ant r
egio
nal a
nd in
tern
atio
nal
orga
niza
tions
to fa
cilit
ate
dial
ogue
and
di
ssem
inat
ion
of in
form
atio
n to
cou
ntrie
s
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
(inc
ludi
ng
WIP
O, W
TO a
nd U
NC
TAD
)
2008
–201
5 2
561
160
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit
cost
s
EB124/16 Add.2 Annex
18
Spec
ific
actio
ns
Stak
ehol
ders
T
ime
fram
e E
stim
ated
fund
ing
need
s in
US
dolla
rs
(5.2
) pro
vidi
ng a
s app
ropr
iate
, upo
n re
ques
t, in
col
labo
ratio
n w
ith o
ther
com
pete
nt in
tern
atio
nal o
rgan
izat
ions
tech
nica
l sup
port
, inc
ludi
ng, w
here
app
ropr
iate
, to
pol
icy
proc
esse
s, to
cou
ntri
es th
at in
tend
to m
ake
use
of th
e pr
ovis
ions
con
tain
ed in
the
agre
emen
t on
Tra
de-R
elat
ed A
spec
ts o
f Int
elle
ctua
l Pro
pert
y R
ight
s, in
clud
ing
the
flexi
bilit
ies r
ecog
nize
d by
the
Doh
a M
inis
teri
al D
ecla
ratio
n on
the
TR
IPS
Agr
eem
ent a
nd P
ublic
Hea
lth a
nd o
ther
WT
O in
stru
men
ts r
elat
ed to
th
e T
RIP
S ag
reem
ent,
in o
rder
to p
rom
ote
acce
ss to
pha
rmac
eutic
al p
rodu
cts
(a) c
onsi
der,
whe
neve
r nec
essa
ry, a
dapt
ing
natio
nal l
egis
latio
n in
ord
er to
use
to th
e fu
ll th
e fle
xibi
litie
s con
tain
ed in
the
Agr
eem
ent o
n Tr
ade-
Rel
ated
Asp
ects
of I
ntel
lect
ual P
rope
rty
Rig
hts,
incl
udin
g th
ose
reco
gniz
ed b
y th
e D
oha
Dec
lara
tion
on T
RIP
S A
gree
men
t and
Pub
lic
Hea
lth a
nd th
e W
TO d
ecis
ion
of 3
0 A
ugus
t 20
03
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
(inc
ludi
ng
WIP
O, W
TO a
nd U
NC
TAD
)
2008
–201
5 31
832
650
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(b) t
ake
into
acc
ount
, whe
re a
ppro
pria
te, t
he
impa
ct o
n pu
blic
hea
lth w
hen
cons
ider
ing
adop
ting
or im
plem
entin
g m
ore
exte
nsiv
e in
telle
ctua
l pro
perty
pro
tect
ion
than
is re
quire
d by
the
Agr
eem
ent o
n Tr
ade-
Rel
ated
Asp
ects
of
Inte
llect
ual P
rope
rty R
ight
s, w
ithou
t pre
judi
ce
to th
e so
vere
ign
right
s of M
embe
r Sta
tes
Gov
ernm
ents
; [W
HO
; oth
er in
tern
atio
nal
inte
rgov
ernm
enta
l org
aniz
atio
ns (i
nclu
ding
W
IPO
, WTO
and
UN
CTA
D)]
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
5.1
(a)
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit
cost
s
(c) t
ake
into
acc
ount
in tr
ade
agre
emen
ts th
e fle
xibi
litie
s con
tain
ed in
the
Agr
eem
ent o
n Tr
ade-
Rel
ated
Asp
ects
of I
ntel
lect
ual P
rope
rty
Rig
hts a
nd in
clud
ing
thos
e re
cogn
ized
by
the
Dec
lara
tion
on th
e TR
IPS
Agr
eem
ent a
nd
Publ
ic H
ealth
ado
pted
by
the
WTO
Min
iste
rial
Con
fere
nce
(Doh
a, 2
001)
and
the
WTO
dec
isio
n of
30
Aug
ust 2
003
Gov
ernm
ents
20
08–2
015
Incl
uded
in 5
.1(a
) pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(d) c
onsi
der,
whe
re a
ppro
pria
te, t
akin
g ne
cess
ary
mea
sure
s in
coun
tries
with
m
anuf
actu
ring
capa
city
to, f
acili
tate
thro
ugh
expo
rt, a
cces
s to
phar
mac
eutic
al p
rodu
cts i
n co
untri
es w
ith in
suff
icie
nt o
r no
man
ufac
turin
g ca
paci
ty in
the
phar
mac
eutic
al se
ctor
in a
m
anne
r con
sist
ent w
ith th
e A
gree
men
t on
Trad
e-R
elat
ed A
spec
ts o
f Int
elle
ctua
l Pro
perty
Gov
ernm
ents
20
08–2
015
9 00
6 05
0 pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
Annex EB124/16 Add.2
19
Spec
ific
actio
ns
Stak
ehol
ders
T
ime
fram
e E
stim
ated
fund
ing
need
s in
US
dolla
rs
Rig
hts,
the
Doh
a D
ecla
ratio
n on
the
TRIP
S A
gree
men
t and
Pub
lic H
ealth
and
the
WTO
de
cisi
on o
f 30
Aug
ust 2
003
(e) e
ncou
rage
find
ing
way
s, in
ong
oing
di
scus
sion
s, to
pre
vent
mis
appr
opria
tion
of
heal
th-r
elat
ed tr
aditi
onal
kno
wle
dge,
and
co
nsid
er w
here
app
ropr
iate
legi
slat
ive
and
othe
r m
easu
res t
o he
lp p
reve
nt m
isap
prop
riatio
n of
su
ch tr
aditi
onal
kno
wle
dge
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
(inc
ludi
ng
WIP
O, W
TO, U
NEP
/Sec
reta
riat o
f the
C
onve
ntio
n on
Bio
logi
cal D
iver
sity
); ot
her
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
(inc
ludi
ng c
once
rned
co
mm
uniti
es)
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
5.1
(f)
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit
cost
s
(5.3
) exp
lori
ng a
nd, w
here
app
ropr
iate
, pro
mot
ing
pos
sibl
e in
cent
ive
sche
mes
for
rese
arch
and
dev
elop
men
t on
Typ
e II
and
Typ
e II
I dis
ease
s and
on
deve
lopi
ng c
ount
ries
’ spe
cific
res
earc
h an
d de
velo
pmen
t nee
ds in
rel
atio
n to
Typ
e I d
isea
ses
(a) e
xplo
re a
nd, w
here
app
ropr
iate
, pro
mot
e a
rang
e of
ince
ntiv
e sc
hem
es fo
r res
earc
h an
d de
velo
pmen
t inc
ludi
ng a
ddre
ssin
g, w
here
ap
prop
riate
, the
de-
linka
ge o
f the
cos
ts o
f re
sear
ch a
nd d
evel
opm
ent a
nd th
e pr
ice
of
heal
th p
rodu
cts,
for e
xam
ple
thro
ugh
the
awar
d of
priz
es, w
ith th
e ob
ject
ive
of a
ddre
ssin
g di
seas
es w
hich
dis
prop
ortio
nate
ly a
ffec
t de
velo
ping
cou
ntrie
s
[Gov
ernm
ents
; [W
HO
]/[W
HO
]; ot
her
inte
rnat
iona
l int
ergo
vern
men
tal
orga
niza
tions
; oth
er re
leva
nt st
akeh
olde
rs
(incl
udin
g in
tern
atio
nal a
nd n
atio
nal
rese
arch
inst
itutio
ns; d
evel
opm
ent p
artn
ers;
ch
arita
ble
foun
datio
ns; r
elev
ant h
ealth
-re
late
d in
dust
ries;
non
gove
rnm
enta
l or
gani
zatio
ns)]
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
2.2
(c)
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit
cost
s
(6.1
) enc
oura
ging
incr
ease
d in
vest
men
t in
the
heal
th-d
eliv
ery
infr
astr
uctu
re a
nd fi
nanc
ing
of h
ealth
pro
duct
s in
orde
r to
stre
ngth
en th
e he
alth
syst
em
(a) i
nves
t in
deve
lopi
ng h
ealth
-del
iver
y in
fras
truct
ure
and
enco
urag
e fin
anci
ng o
f hea
lth
prod
ucts
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
; oth
er
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
(inc
ludi
ng
deve
lopm
ent p
artn
ers,
char
itabl
e fo
unda
tions
, priv
ate
sect
or a
nd re
leva
nt
heal
th re
late
d in
dust
ries)
2008
–201
5 N
ot in
clud
ed in
thes
e es
timat
es. T
hese
w
ould
ord
inar
ily b
e pa
rt of
the
cost
s of
heal
th sy
stem
stre
ngth
enin
g
EB124/16 Add.2 Annex
20
Spec
ific
actio
ns
Stak
ehol
ders
T
ime
fram
e E
stim
ated
fund
ing
need
s in
US
dolla
rs
(b) d
evel
op e
ffec
tive
and
sust
aina
ble
mec
hani
sms i
n le
ast-d
evel
oped
cou
ntrie
s in
orde
r to
impr
ove
acce
ss to
exi
stin
g m
edic
ines
, ac
know
ledg
ing
the
trans
ition
al p
erio
d un
til
2016
1
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
(inc
ludi
ng
WTO
); ot
her r
elev
ant s
take
hold
ers
2008
–201
5 20
259
620
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(c) p
riorit
ize
heal
th c
are
in n
atio
nal a
gend
as
Gov
ernm
ents
20
08–2
015
Not
incl
uded
in th
ese
estim
ates
. The
se
wou
ld o
rdin
arily
be
part
of th
e co
sts o
f he
alth
syst
em st
reng
then
ing
(d) e
ncou
rage
hea
lth a
utho
ritie
s to
impr
ove
dom
estic
man
agem
ent c
apac
ities
in o
rder
to
impr
ove
deliv
ery
and
acce
ss to
med
icin
es a
nd
othe
r hea
lth p
rodu
cts w
ith q
ualit
y, e
ffic
acy,
sa
fety
and
aff
orda
bilit
y an
d, w
here
app
ropr
iate
, to
dev
elop
stra
tegi
es to
pro
mot
e ra
tiona
l use
of
med
icin
es
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O
2008
–201
5 12
9 39
3 63
8 pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(e) i
ncre
ase
inve
stm
ent i
n hu
man
reso
urce
de
velo
pmen
t in
the
heal
th se
ctor
G
over
nmen
ts; W
HO
; oth
er in
tern
atio
nal
inte
rgov
ernm
enta
l org
aniz
atio
ns; o
ther
re
leva
nt st
akeh
olde
rs (i
nclu
ding
de
velo
pmen
t par
tner
s; n
ongo
vern
men
tal
orga
niza
tions
; cha
ritab
le fo
unda
tions
)
2008
–201
5 N
ot in
clud
ed in
thes
e es
timat
es. T
hese
w
ould
ord
inar
ily b
e pa
rt of
the
cost
s of
heal
th sy
stem
stre
ngth
enin
g
(f) d
evel
op e
ffec
tive
coun
try p
over
ty re
duct
ion
stra
tegi
es th
at c
onta
in c
lear
hea
lth o
bjec
tives
G
over
nmen
ts; o
ther
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
(in
clud
ing
deve
lopm
ent p
artn
ers)
20
08–2
015
Not
incl
uded
in th
ese
estim
ates
. The
se
wou
ld o
rdin
arily
be
part
of th
e co
sts o
f he
alth
syst
em st
reng
then
ing
(g) e
ncou
rage
poo
led
proc
urem
ent m
echa
nism
s fo
r hea
lth p
rodu
cts a
nd m
edic
al d
evic
es, w
here
ap
prop
riate
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
; oth
er
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
2008
–201
5 12
205
845
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
1 In li
ne w
ith th
e ex
tens
ion,
pro
vide
d to
leas
t-dev
elop
ed c
ount
ries,
by A
rticl
e of
the
Doh
a D
ecla
ratio
n on
the
TRIP
S A
gree
men
t and
Pub
lic H
ealth
.
Annex EB124/16 Add.2
21
Spec
ific
actio
ns
Stak
ehol
ders
T
ime
fram
e E
stim
ated
fund
ing
need
s in
US
dolla
rs
(6.2
) est
ablis
hing
and
stre
ngth
enin
g m
echa
nism
s to
impr
ove
ethi
cal r
evie
w a
nd r
egul
ate
the
qual
ity, s
afet
y an
d ef
ficac
y of
hea
lth p
rodu
cts a
nd m
edic
al d
evic
es
(a) d
evel
op a
nd/o
r stre
ngth
en th
e ca
paci
ty o
f na
tiona
l reg
ulat
ory
auth
oriti
es to
mon
itor t
he
qual
ity, s
afet
y an
d ef
ficac
y of
hea
lth p
rodu
cts
whi
le su
stai
ning
eth
ical
revi
ew st
anda
rds
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
rele
vant
st
akeh
olde
rs (i
nclu
ding
nat
iona
l and
re
gion
al re
gula
tory
age
ncie
s and
de
velo
pmen
t par
tner
s)
2008
–201
5 18
511
690
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(b) p
rom
ote
oper
atio
nal r
esea
rch
to m
axim
ize
the
appr
opria
te u
se o
f new
and
exi
stin
g pr
oduc
ts, i
nclu
ding
cos
t-eff
ectiv
e an
d af
ford
able
pr
oduc
ts in
hig
h di
seas
e-bu
rden
setti
ngs
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
; oth
er
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
(inc
ludi
ng
inte
rnat
iona
l and
nat
iona
l res
earc
h in
stitu
tions
; non
gove
rnm
enta
l or
gani
zatio
ns, d
evel
opm
ent p
artn
ers a
nd
char
itabl
e fo
unda
tions
)
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
subt
otal
on
R&
D
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit
cost
s
(c) c
ompl
y w
ith g
ood
man
ufac
turin
g pr
actic
es
for s
afet
y st
anda
rds,
effic
acy
and
qual
ity o
f he
alth
pro
duct
s
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
rele
vant
st
akeh
olde
rs (i
nclu
ding
nat
iona
l reg
ulat
ory
bodi
es; r
elev
ant h
ealth
-rel
ated
indu
strie
s;
deve
lopm
ent p
artn
ers
2008
–201
5 8
944
000
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit
cost
s
(d) s
treng
then
the
WH
O p
re-q
ualif
icat
ion
prog
ram
me
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
; oth
er
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
(inc
ludi
ng
deve
lopm
ent p
artn
ers)
2008
–201
5 87
319
559
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(e) w
here
app
ropr
iate
, ini
tiate
pro
gram
med
ac
tions
on
regi
onal
and
subr
egio
nal l
evel
s with
th
e ul
timat
e go
al o
f har
mon
izat
ion
of p
roce
sses
em
ploy
ed b
y th
e re
gula
tory
aut
horit
ies f
or d
rug
mar
ketin
g ap
prov
als
Gov
ernm
ents
; [W
HO
]/[W
HO
]; ot
her
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
(inc
ludi
ng n
atio
nal
and
regi
onal
regu
lato
ry a
genc
ies,
regi
onal
bo
dies
and
dev
elop
men
t par
tner
s)
2008
–201
5 92
277
138
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(f) p
rom
ote
ethi
cal p
rinci
ples
for c
linic
al tr
ials
in
volv
ing
hum
an b
eing
s as a
requ
irem
ent o
f re
gist
ratio
n of
med
icin
es a
nd h
ealth
-rel
ated
te
chno
logi
es, w
ith re
fere
nce
to th
e D
ecla
ratio
n of
Hel
sink
i, an
d ot
her a
ppro
pria
te te
xts,
on
ethi
cal p
rinci
ples
for m
edic
al re
sear
ch in
volv
ing
hum
an su
bjec
ts, i
nclu
ding
goo
d cl
inic
al p
ract
ice
guid
elin
es
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
; oth
er
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
(inc
ludi
ng n
atio
nal
and
regi
onal
regu
lato
ry a
genc
ies)
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
1.3
(c),
2.2(
f) a
nd 3
.3(c
) pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
EB124/16 Add.2 Annex
22
Spec
ific
actio
ns
Stak
ehol
ders
T
ime
fram
e E
stim
ated
fund
ing
need
s in
US
dolla
rs
(g) s
uppo
rt re
gion
al n
etw
orks
and
col
labo
rativ
e ef
forts
to st
reng
then
the
regu
latio
n an
d im
plem
enta
tion
of c
linic
al tr
ials
usi
ng
appr
opria
te st
anda
rds f
or m
edic
ines
eva
luat
ion
and
appr
oval
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
rele
vant
st
akeh
olde
rs (i
nclu
ding
nat
iona
l and
re
gion
al re
gula
tory
age
ncie
s, in
tern
atio
nal
and
natio
nal r
esea
rch
inst
itutio
ns, r
egio
nal
bodi
es a
nd d
evel
opm
ent p
artn
ers)
2008
–201
5 35
261
197
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(6.3
) pro
mot
ing
com
petit
ion
to im
prov
e av
aila
bilit
y an
d af
ford
abili
ty o
f hea
lth p
rodu
cts c
onsi
sten
t with
pub
lic h
ealth
pol
icie
s and
nee
ds
(a) s
uppo
rt th
e pr
oduc
tion
and
intro
duct
ion
of
gene
ric v
ersi
ons,
in p
artic
ular
of e
ssen
tial
med
icin
es, i
n de
velo
ping
cou
ntrie
s, th
roug
h th
e de
velo
pmen
t of n
atio
nal l
egis
latio
n an
d/or
po
licie
s tha
t enc
oura
ge g
ener
ic p
rodu
ctio
n an
d en
try, i
nclu
ding
a “
regu
lato
ry e
xcep
tion”
or
“Bol
ar”-
type
pro
visi
on, a
nd w
hich
are
co
nsis
tent
with
the
Agr
eem
ent o
n Tr
ade-
Rel
ated
A
spec
ts o
f Int
elle
ctua
l Pro
perty
Rig
hts a
nd
inst
rum
ents
rela
ted
to th
at a
gree
men
t
Gov
ernm
ents
20
08–2
015
19 6
42 1
75
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit
cost
s
(b) f
ram
e an
d im
plem
ent p
olic
ies t
o im
prov
e ac
cess
to sa
fe a
nd e
ffec
tive
heal
th p
rodu
cts,
espe
cial
ly e
ssen
tial m
edic
ines
, at a
ffor
dabl
e pr
ices
, con
sist
ent w
ith in
tern
atio
nal a
gree
men
ts
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
(inc
ludi
ng
WTO
and
WIP
O);
othe
r rel
evan
t st
akeh
olde
rs
2008
–201
5 32
416
275
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(c) c
onsi
der w
here
app
ropr
iate
, int
er a
lia, t
he
redu
ctio
n or
elim
inat
ion
of im
port
tarif
fs o
n he
alth
pro
duct
s and
med
ical
dev
ices
and
the
mon
itorin
g of
supp
ly a
nd d
istri
butio
n ch
ains
an
d pr
ocur
emen
t pra
ctic
es to
min
imiz
e co
st a
nd
incr
ease
acc
ess
Gov
ernm
ents
20
08–2
015
49 8
17 9
50
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit
cost
s
(d) e
ncou
rage
pha
rmac
eutic
al c
ompa
nies
and
ot
her h
ealth
-rel
ated
indu
strie
s to
cons
ider
po
licie
s, in
clud
ing
diff
eren
tial p
ricin
g po
licie
s, th
at a
re c
ondu
cive
to p
rom
otin
g ac
cess
to
qual
ity, s
afe,
eff
icac
ious
and
aff
orda
ble
heal
th
prod
ucts
in d
evel
opin
g co
untri
es, c
onsi
sten
t w
ith n
atio
nal l
aw
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
; oth
er
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
(inc
ludi
ng r
elev
ant
heal
th-r
elat
ed in
dust
ries
)
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit c
osts
Annex EB124/16 Add.2
23
Spec
ific
actio
ns
Stak
ehol
ders
T
ime
fram
e E
stim
ated
fund
ing
need
s in
US
dolla
rs
(e) c
onsi
der,
whe
re a
ppro
pria
te, t
he
deve
lopm
ent o
f pol
icie
s to
mon
itor p
ricin
g an
d to
impr
ove
affo
rdab
ility
of h
ealth
pro
duct
s;
furth
er su
ppor
t WH
O’s
ong
oing
wor
k on
ph
arm
aceu
tical
pric
ing.
Gov
ernm
ents
20
08–2
015
Incl
uded
in su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t cos
ts
(f) c
onsi
der,
whe
re n
eces
sary
, and
pro
vide
d th
at
they
are
con
sist
ent w
ith th
e pr
ovis
ions
of t
he
Agr
eem
ent o
n Tr
ade-
Rel
ated
Asp
ects
of
Inte
llect
ual P
rope
rty R
ight
s, ta
king
app
ropr
iate
m
easu
res t
o pr
even
t the
abu
se o
f int
elle
ctua
l pr
oper
ty ri
ghts
by
right
hol
ders
or t
he re
sort
to
prac
tices
whi
ch u
nrea
sona
bly
rest
rain
trad
e or
ad
vers
ely
affe
ct th
e in
tern
atio
nal t
rans
fer o
f te
chno
logy
, in
the
field
of h
ealth
pro
duct
s
Gov
ernm
ents
20
08–2
015
Incl
uded
in 5
.1(a
) pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(g) i
ncre
ase
info
rmat
ion
amon
g po
licy-
mak
ers,
user
s, do
ctor
s and
pha
rmac
ists
rega
rdin
g ge
neric
pro
duct
s
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
rele
vant
st
akeh
olde
rs (i
nclu
ding
non
gove
rnm
enta
l or
gani
zatio
ns a
nd re
leva
nt h
ealth
-rel
ated
in
dust
ry)
2008
–201
5 7
760
000
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit
cost
s
(7.1
) end
eavo
urin
g to
secu
re a
dequ
ate
and
sust
aina
ble
finan
cing
for
rese
arch
and
dev
elop
men
t, an
d im
prov
e co
ordi
natio
n of
its u
se, w
here
feas
ible
and
ap
prop
riat
e, in
ord
er to
add
ress
the
heal
th n
eeds
of d
evel
opin
g co
untr
ies
(a) e
stab
lish
a re
sults
-orie
nted
and
tim
e-lim
ited
expe
rt w
orki
ng g
roup
und
er th
e au
spic
es o
f W
HO
and
link
ing
up w
ith o
ther
rele
vant
gro
ups
to e
xam
ine
curr
ent f
inan
cing
and
coo
rdin
atio
n of
rese
arch
and
dev
elop
men
t, as
wel
l as
prop
osal
s for
new
and
inno
vativ
e so
urce
s of
finan
cing
to st
imul
ate
R&
D re
late
d to
Typ
e II
an
d Ty
pe II
I dis
ease
s and
the
spec
ific
R&
D
need
s of d
evel
opin
g co
untri
es in
rela
tion
to
Type
I di
seas
es
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
; oth
er
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
2008
–201
0 2
000
000
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit
cost
s
EB124/16 Add.2 Annex
24
Spec
ific
actio
ns
Stak
ehol
ders
T
ime
fram
e E
stim
ated
fund
ing
need
s in
US
dolla
rs
(b) c
onsi
der c
hann
ellin
g ad
ditio
nal f
unds
to
heal
th-o
rient
ed re
sear
ch o
rgan
izat
ions
as
appr
opria
te in
bot
h th
e pr
ivat
e an
d pu
blic
sect
or
of d
evel
opin
g co
untri
es a
nd p
rom
ote
good
fin
anci
al m
anag
emen
t to
max
imiz
e its
ef
fect
iven
ess a
s rec
omm
ende
d by
the
reso
lutio
n W
HA
58.3
4
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
; oth
er
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
(inc
ludi
ng
deve
lopm
ent p
artn
ers,
char
itabl
e fo
unda
tions
, int
erna
tiona
l and
nat
iona
l re
sear
ch in
stitu
tions
, aca
dem
ia, p
rivat
e se
ctor
and
rele
vant
hea
lth-r
elat
ed
indu
strie
s)
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
subt
otal
of R
&D
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(c) c
reat
e a
data
base
of p
ossi
ble
sour
ces o
f fin
anci
ng fo
r R&
D
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
rele
vant
st
akeh
olde
rs
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
subt
otal
of s
uppo
rt un
it co
sts
(7.2
) fac
ilita
ting
the
max
imum
use
of,
and
com
plem
entin
g as
app
ropr
iate
, exi
stin
g fin
anci
ng, i
nclu
ding
that
thro
ugh
publ
ic–p
riva
te a
nd p
rodu
ct d
evel
opm
ent
part
ners
hips
, in
orde
r to
dev
elop
and
del
iver
safe
, eff
ectiv
e an
d af
ford
able
hea
lth p
rodu
cts a
nd m
edic
al d
evic
es
(a) d
ocum
ent a
nd d
isse
min
ate
best
pra
ctic
es in
pu
blic
–priv
ate
and
prod
uct d
evel
opm
ent
partn
ersh
ips
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
rele
vant
st
akeh
olde
rs (i
nclu
ding
rese
arch
in
stitu
tions
, pub
lic–p
rivat
e an
d pr
oduc
t de
velo
pmen
t par
tner
ship
s)
2008
–201
5 1
250
000
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit
cost
s
(b) d
evel
op to
ols t
o pe
riodi
cally
ass
ess
perf
orm
ance
of p
ublic
–priv
ate
and
prod
uct
deve
lopm
ent p
artn
ersh
ips
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
rele
vant
st
akeh
olde
rs (i
nclu
ding
rese
arch
in
stitu
tions
; pub
lic–p
rivat
e an
d pr
oduc
t de
velo
pmen
t par
tner
ship
s; c
harit
able
fo
unda
tions
)
2008
–200
9 35
0 00
0 pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
(c) s
uppo
rt pu
blic
–priv
ate
and
prod
uct
deve
lopm
ent p
artn
ersh
ips a
nd o
ther
app
ropr
iate
re
sear
ch a
nd d
evel
opm
ent i
nitia
tives
in
deve
lopi
ng c
ount
ries
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
; oth
er
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
(inc
ludi
ng re
leva
nt
heal
th–r
elat
ed in
dust
ries,
char
itabl
e fo
unda
tions
, dev
elop
men
t par
tner
s, no
ngov
ernm
enta
l org
aniz
atio
ns; a
cade
mia
; re
sear
ch in
stitu
tions
)
2008
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
subt
otal
of R
&D
pl
us sh
are
of su
btot
al o
n su
ppor
t uni
t co
sts
Annex EB124/16 Add.2
25
Spec
ific
actio
ns
Stak
ehol
ders
T
ime
fram
e E
stim
ated
fund
ing
need
s in
US
dolla
rs
(8.1
) mea
suri
ng p
erfo
rman
ce a
nd p
rogr
ess t
owar
ds o
bjec
tives
con
tain
ed in
the
stra
tegy
and
pla
n of
act
ion
(a) e
stab
lish
syst
ems t
o m
onito
r per
form
ance
an
d pr
ogre
ss o
f the
impl
emen
tatio
n of
eac
h el
emen
t of t
he g
loba
l stra
tegy
and
pla
n of
act
ion
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O
2009
–201
5 1
014
560
plus
shar
e of
cos
ts o
f sup
port
unit
(b) m
onito
r and
repo
rt pe
riodi
cally
to W
HO
’s
gove
rnin
g bo
dies
on
the
gaps
and
nee
ds re
late
d to
hea
lth p
rodu
cts a
nd m
edic
al d
evic
es in
de
velo
ped
and
deve
lopi
ng c
ount
ries
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O
2009
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
1.1
(c)
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit
cost
s
(c) t
o co
ntin
ue to
mon
itor,
from
a p
ublic
hea
lth
pers
pect
ive,
in c
onsu
ltatio
n as
app
ropr
iate
with
ot
her i
nter
natio
nal o
rgan
izat
ions
, the
impa
ct o
f in
telle
ctua
l pro
perty
righ
ts a
nd o
ther
issu
es
addr
esse
d in
the
repo
rt of
the
Com
mis
sion
on
Inte
llect
ual P
rope
rty R
ight
s, In
nova
tion
and
Publ
ic H
ealth
, on
the
deve
lopm
ent o
f, an
d ac
cess
to, h
ealth
car
e pr
oduc
ts, a
nd to
repo
rt th
ereo
n to
the
Hea
lth A
ssem
bly
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
(inc
ludi
ng
WIP
O a
nd W
TO);
othe
r rel
evan
t st
akeh
olde
rs
2009
–201
5 9
146
720
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit
cost
s
(d) m
onito
r and
repo
rt on
the
impa
ct o
f in
cent
ive
mec
hani
sms o
n in
nova
tion
of a
nd
acce
ss to
hea
lth p
rodu
cts a
nd m
edic
al d
evic
es
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
inte
rnat
iona
l in
terg
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
(inc
ludi
ng
WIP
O a
nd W
TO);
othe
r rel
evan
t st
akeh
olde
rs
2009
–201
5 In
clud
ed in
8.1
(c)
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit
cost
s
(e) m
onito
r and
repo
rt on
inve
stm
ent i
n re
sear
ch
and
deve
lopm
ent t
o ad
dres
s the
hea
lth n
eeds
of
deve
lopi
ng c
ount
ries
Gov
ernm
ents
; WH
O; o
ther
rele
vant
st
akeh
olde
rs
2009
–201
5 5
250
000
plus
shar
e of
subt
otal
on
supp
ort u
nit
cost
s
= = =