km No.YlO-306 (Rev. 10-74)

/ UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

NATIOlSWtREC|ISl!feRC)FHI$TORie PLACES^ rtONf INATION FORM

FOR FEDERAL PROPERTIES

SEE INSTRUCTIONS IN HQWTQ .. _______._._.TYPE ALL ENTRIES --COMPLETE APPLICABLE SECTIONS

Puget Sound Naval Shipyard Shore Facility Properties in Bremerton, Washingtonf ;

individual inventory forms _NOtFOR;PUBLI<?AT(ON

GITY.TOWN

CODE CODE

_JBUILD(NG(S)

^.STRUCtURE

Jjheiriatjc graup

OWNERSHIPX-PUBLIC

_PRIVATE

__BOTH

PUBLIC ACQUISITION-JNPRC'CESS

-iBEINd CONSIDERED

STATUS-XlOCCOPIED

^-UNOCCUPIED

WORK IN PROGRESS

ACCESSIBLEX-YES; RESTRICTED

__YES: UNRESTRICTED

PRESENT1 USE; _LMUSEUM

, COiylMiRCIAL -^PARK

^-EbUCAttQNAL- -^-PRIVATE-RESIDENCE

,-ENTERTAINMENJ ^.RELI^IOUS

.^GOVERNMENT ^SCIENTIFIC

INDUSTRIAL -^TRANSPORTATION

_OTNER:

CltY,TOWN STATE

Washington 98314

COURTHOUSE.REGISTRY t?F;DEEDs,ETd. Kit sap Cognty CourthouseSTREET & NUMBER

614 Division StreetCITY. TOWN

Port,Orchard< STATE

Washington 98366

TITLEHistoric Survey of Puget Sound Naval Shipyard

DATE

April, _XF'EDERAL _STATE COUNTY _LOCALDEPOSITORY FOR

SURVEY RECORDS Puget Sound Naval ShipyardCITY. TOWN STATE

Washington 98314

CHECK ONE CHECK ONE

.^EXCELLENT

Jtspop— FAIR

' '-' ' ' • -" "

• _DETERIORATED

RUINS_.UNEXPOSED

^UNALTERED

FALTERED^.ORIGINAL SITE X MOVED. DATF

•See individual forms- - • . \ ' ;, - . •.;•<-', -..',-,'-.----:- - ' . -- , ' -

' - . , • .k - v- '-^-" " - - '

DESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL (IF KNOWN) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE

flow the Component Properti es Relate to ' the Theme ;The boundaries of this thematfc evaluation are the boundaries of theKPlfget Sound Naval Shipyard,, This facility faces Sinclair Inlet west of Point Turner and i$ within the southern limits of the City of Bremerton in Kitsap County, Washington. Th@-f?u0et Sound Naval Shipyard thematic places four districts within a context representative of the t develapmertt and functional characteri sties of the yard as a naval shore facility. This concept recognizes that service to the fleet involves more than ship repair, maintenance or construction. It includes providing housing, medical care and recreation to personnel in addition to servicing the ̂auxiliary needs of the fleet in tertiis of security, communication, administration, and other forms of supply. By 1919, various sections of the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard had been developed to fulfill the physical Requirements of a shore facility. The areiis related to officers 1 housing* the radio st^tion^ the hospital and the Marine Reservation remain and are .evaluated in this nomination as four separate districts. The bu)i?l dings ̂ /ere constructed between 1894 and 1942, and all reflect the role of the yard as a naval shore facility. Nationally these facilities helped to establish the navy as a major component of the United State's defense system, ;SummaryIn 1891v when the land was acquired for th^ Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, "the eastern and western ends were 'low basins with swamps extending far inland. In the center, two fores ted ridges , jutting out into the bay v rose 250 f eet with a^ c(eep ravi ne between them. 11 fffeh. Vol>I,p.4) Between 1891 and 1913, the land used to develop the Puget Sound Navdl Shipyard expanded f rim 190.2& acre$ to 22S.20 acre^ taind t^qMisi tipn , as well as regrading irjto theS|rigirY|T t^Tan of 'shipyard development.!

At its inception, yard engineers and planners placed the industrial yard, the hospital and Marine Reservation within the eastern Tow basin and the ridge above. The Officers 1 Quarters^ were^placed on a ridge overlooking Puget Sound located to the west of the irrdustrial yard. By 1916V the major shore facility functions represented in this nomination had been established at their present location. The industrial yard was kept at the eastern edge. The Marine Reservation and hospital functions, complete with new construction, were moved to the western uplands. The Officers 1 Quarters remained where originally built, with new buiTdings added onto the row. The radio (wireless telegraph) station was established north of Officers' Row on the highest elevation with­ in "the yalfi. ^Officers*-' housing ̂ |fei5^^^^^> constructed'between-1902: and 1905^ ' was located southeast of the new Marine Reservation. These, along with the original wood frame Marine quarters* were moved into Officers' Row as a part of the 1919 regrade which expanded the industrial and supply yards south into Puget Sound.From 1919, functional shore facility districts were clearly defined in the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard as outlined above, which took place within the Officers' Row, Radio Station, Hospital and Marine Reservation Districts iiediscussed on the attached district forms. Also attached are maps showing the chronological development of the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard from 1891 until 1945, as well as the specific boundaries of the districts included in this nomination.

Form No. I0_-300a tfteyMO-74) * •/-

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

NATIONAL pGIiri^mvm

^^mmm

Puget Sound Kami Shipyard Shore FacilityCQNTtNCFAT»ONgH¥ET ITEM NUMBER 7 PAG£ 7*1

The Marine Reservation- o^^^Worl d War I , avporti on of the Marine Reservation ̂ was devel ©pea as a recrui t camp . Fol lowing tn^s1:ime these b^^^ were demoTi shed and new ones coiistructed ̂ representa­ tive of the re^reatnona], social and economic needs required of naval ^personnel. " Thi s development contl^ed past World ̂ J4am K. "Ther^oal bunkers and wharf were originally 1 oeated to the soutn^ of the: Mar ine Reservation . Thi s areav wasJ ^raxlua^Ty f i 11 ed aird i t evolved as tjie^strp ply ar^arf or th^y^command.; To the west of supply, land^as acquired dun ngWori^f 1 eet storage » a ^Fuifei on whi ch corvti nues to the present v To ^the north of th^s actt vi ty a modern utilities pi arit H under^^coiistructtpn. Within ;the rernain^r of -the £uget Soundv Nayal Shi pyard 9 con strueti on between 19^9 and 1945 is best defined as= "ih-f ill , " i^e. , bull dings were constructed; where there was room. Outside the^istri cts ben;hg leval^ated . i n thi s nomi nation* rio^ distri cts> bui 1 tti n^s s structures or obfects were: found meeti rvg the ; Nati onal Register^ of Historic PTaceiS Criteria of Eval uationV The, onetexcepti on is the ^ ifentral Industrial ^ in its Worlel War II {Pacific) National Landmark thematic nomirtation. ^

^ :ATI but two of the bui 1 dings wi tHin the four distri cts were hi^ tor fe|!|3 y ̂ constructed as officers' quarters. Xhe two exceptions are the Radio and Sound Repair ̂ Shop (No. 4fe

-1-94.1) and bui Iding^No. 51 ̂ ( 1894) whieh began as the of f ice ; of-the:£ivil Engineer; It; wa s mo v ed from the Cen tra 1 I n du s tri al Ar ea Xi n 1 907 to form the nucleus &f the radi 6 station. With the -exception of properties : with in the Rapo Station Quarters U fNov 642, 1918] andVQuarters Z po.651, IfSlJ^aliT quarters have ̂ ^a^^^ influence. This wa> generally established by the civilian" a rie^ Siebrand of^SeattTf when designing Officers 1 Quarters: A,, B:9 ^r^ Reser^tionXOffic:ers' Quarters^ te of Washington^ D^;C. i f^ost o^f the^^^^personnel .Architectural simi 1 arities criiss themati c district Tines . For ̂ exampTe^ ; the two four^plexes;NoSv^&& and 644 have Distinct similarities out one^ No., ,658: (1914) is located inxtneiyiari^el^se other, t^o. 6:44 tlf2|) ^s^l^ca HospitaT District. £ommon^build^ ^ere utilized; in the const rue ti on of these :bnil dings . With the exception of routine; kitchen and ;bath ; modernization,: the-architectural integrity of each bui W The buildings are ̂ wen^maintained anet are in good condition.

Between 1985 and 1§86^ the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard undertook a comprehensive surveyof historic resources within the yard* Tlie p^^Architecture and Ri anniivg Services ̂ of Taeoma , Washington under^ contract Ko> --J4:..---62"474-:85-C-9967v Itv adclitionHd^^included Jeffrey L.Greene» A.I, A^Marcia Carey and Ken CaTdwell (landscape resource investigations)^ This survey

Form No. 10-300a (Rev, 10-74) *

NATTONALfllEGlSTER QFMlSTORICrPLAGES^

11

Puget Sound Naval Shipyard Shore Facility / ;CONTINUATION SHEET ITEMNUMBER 7 PAGE _____________________

evaluated all properties within the shi pyard boundaries using federal" and U. S. Navy guide]ines for h^stor^rc properties, the results of the survey, which discuss survey methodology in greater depth, have been distributed in a volutne entitled "Historic Survey, Puget Sound Naval;Shipyard/" Tne properties included in this nominationwere selected for their compliance with the National Register of Historic Places Criteria of Evaluation and NAVFACINST 11010v7Q.

Hi stori c documentation was obtai ned through a variety of resources. The ;major source for specif it; properti es was th^ navy archive of origi nal contractvdocument drawi ngs,; microfi 1m and coniputeri zed data on file in the Public Works Department at the shi pyard. Major sources for the Mstorical overview included Navy Department Annual Reports^to " Congress and shipyard files at both the Puget Sound Naval ̂ Shipyard and the National ; Archives-Seattle^Branch. This was supplemented by specializedlT Bureaurhistories and printed monographs ̂ available at local libraries. The thematic: statement is a summary of the more detailed historic overview found in the survey document.

I SIGNIFICANCE

PERIOD—PREHISTORIC

— 1400-1499

._ 1500-1599

_1600r1699

_J 700-1799

—Xl 800-1899 J(l900-

AREAS OF SIGNIFICANCE --CHECK AND JUSTIFY BELOW—ARCHEOLOGY-PREHISTORIC

—ARCHEOLOGY-HISTORIC

—AGRICULTURE:

—ARCHITECTURE

—ART

—COMMERCE

—COMMUNICATIONS

—COMMUNITY PLANNING

—CONSERVATION

—ECONOMICS

—EDUCATION

—ENGINEERING

—EXPLORATION/SETTLEMENT

—INDUSTRY

_INVENTION

—LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE

—LAW

—LITERATURE

—X.MILITARY

—MUSIC

_. PHILOSOPHY

—POLITICS/GbvERNMENT „__...._..,_._...

See individual inventory for Architecture

—RELIGION

_SCIENCE

_SCULPTURE

_ SpCiAL/HUMANITARlAN

—THEATER

.—TRANSPORTATION

SPECIFIC DATES 1891-1945 BUILDER/ARCHITECT See individual inventory forms

STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE

The Puget Sound Naval Shipyard Shore Facility, 1^91-1945 thematic places districts, buildings, structures and objects within a context representing the development and functional characteristics of a facility of this type. The following quote from a history of the Bureau of Yards and Docks explains the meaning of this context.

When the average citizen thinks of the Navy, his first thought is of ships and air­ planes - - * and more especially of war ships and war planes. The tremendous industrial and administrative plant of the Navy which supports those ships and planes is rarely seen in its true perspective. But a modern navy would soon be unable to put to sea were it not for the activities of its shore facilities, and the effective cruising range of the f1eet is in large measure determined by the efficiency and location of its bases of operation. (Milclir>i tht NayiVs'Bases. Vol. |, p*iL ^ V ,

This same source lists the major components of shore establ hip repair/building, training, personnel facilities, supply/storages ordnance; hospital, radio station and buildings required for general operations ana!>administration.^ The focus of navy shipyard development is it| industrial plant. How it ii erected and maintained is a combined product of jfrational events, Chief Executive policy* Congressional appropria­ tions and the ̂ rec^m^ The remaining; components of the shore facility are essential t>o efficient yard management. While often times they^are not specifically refer^ncediinth^ general thematic statement, it must be emphasized that without their exi^te^Cfji^he industrial yard could not function.Between 1891iand 1945, ther Puget Sound Naval Shipyard created buildings, structures and objects associated with all the shore facility conlponents. Shipyard design and planning was ah evolutionary process based on changing technologies. The architecture of yard buildings comprise a combination of styles determined by the Public Works Officers and other shipyard personnel- The basic configuration of the yard was firmly established by the post ;World War I era ;with each function assigned a particular geographic area within the yard boundaries nmicing clistrictevalu^atioris feasible/ Dominating the historic significance of the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard during this period is its role as the only facility on the West Coas^t able to repair capital ships, a function df supreme signifi­ canceimmediately followiSg America's ^ntry into World War II. This latter significance

>valuatedvseparately by the National Park Service in its World War II (Pacific) National Landmark thematic nomination.1891 r-1914; Early Deye 1 opmentThe Puget Sound Naval Shipyard was founded in 1891, two years after the Naval Act of . 1889 signaled a new departure in American naval policy through the construction of a sea­ going battleship fleet, and one year after Alfred Thayer Mahan published The Influence of Sea Power Upon History. This was a time of intensified commercial and colonial Wvalry among European powers and culminated in the United States acquiring overseas

Form No. 10-30Qa(R8V.1Q-74J/ , •'--.

'UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

NATIONAL RECSSl^OFH^

Puget Sound Naval Shipyard Shore Facility rt /CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER 8 PAGE: 8.1

possessions. Manan advocated not only the importance of sea ^pwer^uV'ing wartime, but the need for a large peacetime navy. This wotrld require colonies :for bases, coaling ; stati ons and a ^large merchant marine to trade with the col oni es . His work represented an intellectual renaissance occurring with in the IKS. « Navy which paralleled the changing technology of sea px>v^er,ancf America's imp^r^Lieutenant Ambrose B*rkl ey Wyckof f , the Puget Sound Naval Stations ' s f oundtng commandant, located the facility on wilderness land on the Sinclair Inlet side 0f Turner's Point. The Civil Engineer set up his office in the only extant building on the property and feegati work on th^ station's first drydock. In December, 1892, construction work began. Four years later, in 1896, the drydock was completed, along with Bull ding No* 50, the General Office Building , Buil ding No. 51y a new off ice for the Civil Engineer , and five officers' quarters. Also at this time the Marine Reservation was established under the command of First ̂ Sergeant George Carter./ IConstruction work continued at the naval station as entered the Spanish-American War (1898). This action proved the importance of the battleshtp in naval warfare, facilitated the construction of the Panama Canal and resulted in i a Congressional debate about the need for a ^two ocean naval fleet, a debate that was never finally resolved until World War II. A symbol of these events ; was the battleship; .Or^tpjv, its voyage around the Horn, and its; subsequent success at the Battle of Santiago Bay. Prior to ;this voyage, the Oregon was the first American battleship to undergo a complete; overhaul in; the newly completed Drydock No. 1 at the Puget Sound station. The battleship had been ordered to Puget Sound, because Mare Island, the only other West Coast naval shipyard ;_ at that time, could not dryxlock a batt^hip of her size and weight. From this time until the outbreak of Wo^ld War II, the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard was the only one on the West

^Coast with the capacity to repair battleships^ vBetween 1900 and 1914; the development of^ the Puget Sound facility was dependent upon naval Strategists who could not decide where to station the fleet. -Their preference was to keep it on; the East Coast until 19(M, when a political crisis-erupted with Japan which resulted in the (greatest show of United^States naval strenftnuf to; that time. This was the cruise of the While Fleet, »-- Part way through the voyage some or the battleships were overhauled ifv the Puget Sound shipyards. Of freater impo^ta^ce, the^ voyage proved the importance of the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard as b0th a coaling station and as a main supplier of coal ;for; colliers on the Pacific Coast, a status it retained as long as coal was used ak fuel. ;In spite of uncertainties of strategy, Congress did appropriate funds to provide for additional construction at the naval station. In 1901, it was raised in rank to ̂ Navy Yard Puget Sound. Between 1906 and 1914, the yard saw the completion of a second - . drydock' (1913), the largest possessed by the navy at that time, additional officers quarters and other buildings within the industrial area/ Hospital facilities were - improved , and the Mari ne Reservation was moved to the western end of the yard. In a wireless station was established. The latter was created \fQ^^.^-vthfi--4e of an tnterdepa;rtmental Board of Wireless Telegraphy (July 12, 1904)v This body ̂ recommended that the navy be responsible for all governmental coastal radio stations

Form No. 10-300amev, 10-74) • ; ; ;UNITED STATtS^PARTMENT OKTHH INTERIOR

NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

NATIONAL RE(HST^QFlffINVENTORY --NOMINATION FCMRM

Puget Sound Maval Shipyard ̂ Shore Facility ;dONTINU/VT»X)l\iSiHEJET r ITEM NUMBER 8 PAGE 8.2

as well as communication to and from ships at sea. The removal of the Marinet Reserva­ tion to the western ;ehd of the yard refl ected a change in the role which this^ service was to pi a^ foil owing Executive Order 969 si gned by President Roosevelt in 1908. Prior to this time the Marine Corps ' primary role was as a security force at sea and at shore installations for the navy* After this time the Corps, in addition to; garrison duties, was to provide the first line of defense on naval bases outside the; continents man the

defenses for these tees, and provide expeditionary forces as necessary,By the time of World;War r, the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard possessed the major componentsA required of a naval shore facility. These included bill! clings related; to ship repair and construction, personnel facilities* a radio station and h^^as well as buildings required for supply^ general operations and admini strati on> In a HBase Plan ^ind ^Development ;of Navy Yards" ;chart prepared toward the end of ;World ;War I , it was evaluated as one for "repairs, ammunition and all supplies for ships based on this yard. "According to this documents it Was "to be developed as a main repair and supply base on the Pacific 6oast" and fl to ;be one of two main supply bases on the Pacific Coast> including caring for ships brought from the Atlantic."

- 1921 : World : War I a nd PAst-Wgir fieye^jOprneh tIn August, 1914 » when war broke out on the European continent, America chose to be neutral. It took a series of events between this year and 1916, inel uding the sinking of tne Uusitania, to force President WH son to; authorize the construction of: a ;moderh :navy* Thi s 1 nclided; the completion of sixty capital ships by 1925. The buildincj program; had barely begun by April, 1917^ when the Pnited States entered the war against Germany. The primary role of the U^S. Navy ;during World; War I was to provide supplies to European a function f acil Itated by the development of a convoy system. A American tra^port vessels were Itip^dlately transferred to European paters,. : The construction o-f capital ships, authorized -through the Big Navy Act of 1916 9 were suspended in, favor ./of:-" destroyers, submarine chasers and other ships ̂ required to aid^the s convoys. Because American shipyards could replace shipping lost thro^provide the i vessels s Hrequlred In the; convoy s> the United States was abl^ to transport; the men and material^eeded to assure Allied vic^

n de termi ni ng the; role ̂ /hich the; Puget Sound Naval Shipyard pi ayed in these events we are fortunate to have records immediately available at the Seattle Branch of th> Nationalrchives. In part these ;documents r dating from 1913 to 1920, VoutHne the needs of the

faci lity as i t evolved from a repair base to one where shipbuilding^ personified 'through the construction of Drydock No. 3, becarae an important function of the ^ard. Extant records begin in 1913 with estimates for public works construction for the 1915 fiscal year. Thef e were submitted by V, U Cottman / f rom duly > ItlO unti 1 February v 1914. The recommendations, dated 4une and i3uly» 1913, reflect 4n/ awareness that the opening of the Panama Canal ;( 19.1.4^. would result in f uture yard expansion neees si tating the acquisition of new property, and the rebuilding of buildings within the industrial yard. Cottman ' s;major recommendati on .was that ll the Main Base for the Pacific; Fleet be at the Puget Sound Navy Yardf that this station be thoroughly equipped for carlngr for our entire fleet on a war basis before appropriations are asked for for any other new

Na 10-300a(R&VMO-74) "•-.".- - -. -.--"_'•''-'- -:: •:.--.._-.:, ,\ V

UNITEDSTATES I^AT<TMENTOPTHE INTERIOReAFtKSERVIGE

^

Ruget Sound Naval Shipyard shore FacilityITEM NUMBER 8 PAGiE y8.3

pro j ect. " (Nati onal; Areni ves^Seattle Branch . From V . L . Gottman "to Secretary of "the Pani els , July 22 ,y }913y File No. 1^27 .^ The; next command^^xP^W> Bramer,. submitted a plan for-the orderly jdev^l^pm^ntof^ the yard. ;

Experience here* ^as , el sewhere,; has s^own repeated leads ; to placing bui Idi ngs; or; appliances so that they i nterf ere greatly^wi th later necessary; im^rj>veifieiitsvW of an a pproyedi general plan makes it easy to ^etermi ne the ̂ locati 6a of hew bui Idings so as J to assist; in^ar^ economical development^ (j|i,d> ; November 11, rl91$) v ;

.Imur years later r in3pril ,1919, the House feval Af f airs Commit^lee toured Puget, Sound to determine the requirements of the yard, ftt thi s time the Navy Dtepartment had approved plans to enlarge the Ruget -Sound yard thpo ugh land acquisition, r:egWihg ^thln t^ and the construction o^ ^ = 4v 1918j allowed rf or the acquis;itiori of the required lanxi. Congr^s^liowever^ had not v Appropriated funds to^alTowfer theThe heari ng , whi ch fo;llowed the tour^ included ; an analysis^of the^^Sf ̂ -p'hi^/^ifnfi^^--?--:; 3:: tions of the site as> thi^ pertai next to the industrial yard and the^^navy * s proposal to yGomprehensively-plan for" its future development. ' :

Con si derati oh wa:| o^iyer^to an enlargement of the 1 e vel; port ion s of Ithe^ navy ya rcf i bytwo; operati 6ns * ,: Fi rst^that of purchase of a small amount of TaM att critical Opoints

- where increases w^re re^uire^ and: secondly , gradi ng down ^the hogh ; ground -and f i lli:ngin along; the wa^r ' ^ front f urther^out "intp the Sound ;.- -, ;The additional lamdylas to be utilized by ̂ grouping various shop -activities ir> v$uch a :manner that^an extension could; bieobtaiMsequence from onev s^iop to another by ^the; most di rect means of transportation;.

"phe ea^ t part ̂ of the -yarcf ;was .-; to be devel opedy f o?r sh i pbuil diirgv stnd storage: :would; ^long the wa^rJToht)^^^^theynorth and^wesi; of^the industrial and suply areas. Ineludei;invthei^ were a machi ne shop ah<fe two^ddTtional .drittocks designed to aceomniodate^cap^ita^^ ships » ? ^ Al so proposed^were pi er f ittMgs ;\^hic^ proposedv by the^navy^y T"^^^^needed to physical! y ^e^pand: ihe^ yardv Thi^s work , whi ch woul d c^onsume the^ energy; of

; yard as it entered the isolationist phase of ̂ the^EQ^s .was ̂ onl^^Mgl^tngVr Other work out! iiaed "in the yard plan eventual 1 y completed . The result ; is •( the yard configuration sitill ; present today. ;

frtefhe nation r s ii^ediat^ of World War I was to insrist-on minimum ; Congressional apprbpriation s for the navy. Ship construction was^ heldvto a minimunK - as a result of the Naval Disarmament C^i nternational treaty the" Unitect;5t^tes;fevy was faced with tlje need to; keep) outdated : - ships in conti riuous repai r a^ a cost way below what was real istir for 4he; task* The ; system ithat wa5 developed included; a prb;griim of equipment niodern snip self - ma i ntenance and the dlvelopmerTt of 1! fl eetr trains " and f 1 oating ship repai r. Naval .--:" shipyard activity was restricted to ̂ the completion of projects already; authorized

form No. 10-300a

UN ITE D STATES DEPAflT'M E:N T OF THE I N TE R I OR V N/^rCJNALPARK SlRVieE V

Puget Sound Naval Shirpyard:Shore Facility ;-;•- CQINItrNUATIQN^SHfet I^EM^NUMBER 8 'PAGE 8.4

es tab! i shed.network wasGounicatnsr^siDoiTsiie for al transfnfssfons

r pxjma te

N a v al Act of^191^ the^ fe<gu 1 a rl y scheduled over haul s o f the sh ips, and ̂ suppl y.This era saw^ the implementation of J& radio modernsza-tion :prdgrara;begun^duri,ng ^WprTd

In 19K> ^ivp ian^Hto^shore^aM istriet Center ,the; 44th : : K --

As a medium powered ;j station is;"was c^pabl^^ing adoacent ;fiavaT/diitricts as wel1 jis provide ^1 ong distance;ship^to^stiore servicev The Puget Sound MaAAaT^S^l^on^wi^thi n; Oregoni ^ajjli^l^pn and ̂ Alaska»- Jo meet tn is need» byiWo>l d :^la:r^ II y the ^uget: : \Spund radio sta^i;oh 1h>3^^^ to inoltjde^additionaT qua^rters» a ^adio r^ecetv^ing cpn1^ol:buildi^Between 192&aM^lStQ 9^s[Wpicon^^ ano/^the repair^ facilities:were irnprpvecf to ^id ffi ^ip tpode^fitting out space-fo^|>a;t^ 2 was extendeWn ^M ;%:acconii^^^; ^ -America U a ire r^tft: carriers. {One year before thi s work the carrier^ :Le^inato^:^rece;i^ed : ,1 ocal hotariety by; providing" electrical power to the City of^Tlcoma du^ring an jtbnp'rmaTly sdry spell.) This?wjtrlt, to ^solne de^reev reflected the navy^s effor'ts^tp improve^ Tts capaci ty f or; sel f-nia^nVl;en^nce .and; mobi 1 i%.; Even so;' the^navy^was af nii ng f or a supply and maintenance arrpierrient;:whereby theUf 1 ee^t in the Paeifie wtulct^ be; relatively : ^ " i independent M H^ts /shpre^facil iti es.: New; propul s^on sys^tems» as welT as the ^om/ers:ion from coal to ^>il- 9 enabled:jtnps to travel large distances without:nayy yard overhauls.f The techniques of f^ue3ingjit sea were Amprovedv Repair tfnxkr^sAWiy^ Constructed.-: £<^binecl wi^ to serve as al teirrtaSives? to shore facil ities T ocated at too far: a liitahce ifrora

As the^ n^v^rsough^iiioder^a^ continued to^e ̂ an^-navy. : On v v ^~Uanuary 1S> 3/i2|i^:lhe^Uhite^ StatesvSehate-ratified the Kell:og|^^nd^|aet. :^lithr this ^a g r eement co nt rac ting:; powe rs *eno uncect wa r/ as an i n st rumen t of vnatTo&al- policy v A$^r : {wnole^rthis pe^od p^li^rm^lGy^aiPuget Sound ;ya)hd.^f^:the; hospi tal ;i r^^2^. ^ this; f act 1 i ty: servi^ef^personnel throuf ttout: Pugft Sound.%iarte^s for^medtcal? officers an<i:warrant vphtrmacists were ^cioit^ftuctexl ^between; 192^1926. In :192^s Pe^er Qemlauf of the Seattle^;P!ark:1 andscaping v - The ^recreai ti onal (and trai ni ng } needs of sh i pyardvpersonnel were met oyconstruction; aof a svpmming pool in 1922. In 193Q, the theater Ziegmeier::was opened,; sonamed for tneiase;comtnan4ant^ : ; :

Form NoMCf-SQQa

U NITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTER I OR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

^^

TOget Sound Naval Shi^ard Shore Facility ;CQNTJNljrAJ'IQJSI SHiE^ ; -/ ITMMNUMBgR 8 ; PAGE 8*1

emergency 1 n 193^ ^^ sv--;r:incl uded th& tonstruciton" of height ̂ destroyers » and mador oyerhaiiVs of primary battllthtpsof the fleets l^fe^ya^d:^ of a ESO^g^ss^^era^ev |3laeed at ttie ^enxi^f ̂Goiistructedduriiig^tWL^ peri^S ^fol Tow, the s^hiip ^ons^UGtion program^ etVGOuraged by Rooseve^l t; was;

Act of / itlfc It .was ^xpa^id ^r^her fciy . iGongressi ojiaT^Dassa^e- of :^&he A/i nsoM> Act. of lS^ T; ^fte ; bffi estafilii thed ^rjOGe^du^es and f

Its: primary; purpose was to build the fTeet up to^ the: l-iinits >a1ToWed >in $he;:/ naval disarmament tr^ati es . lr\ estab^i shi.n^ pmori ti es f or ' f uti^re; ^iis$r^G:ti^ffi t^he na^y determlned^thai ^orfe atand $uaiM Additional ajj^oferiativons foBom %Tn ol^ FranGe irt lM0^-^ iiavy.' 1 - - -::;;/. ; ; - ^;^ ^ : ^- -- X 1 ^: -; ^; --. : ." / > - : - ?: "-;V : ' - :^': -:( \ : i" :-V V/ - : v^-:.

With fundsTlie

and were not d-irectly integrated ; intoor expandin

the older ftaVy^p^6gres;si^e^ol^^cvh and -pie^^ea^vdeveMpment xlurrng the^^years;:^ Shipsv of tftcfl^t evolved fro^^ oop^ of RevoTutionar^; days ^;^heV complex- anttvari ed %peSHQf^ th^ ^ had undergojie; cofisjiderabl & ^exparvsion ^ur.in^fer:ltlvWar I> none of the yarcls^!»fa^ly^ebui 1 ding and repjifr^ riquir^ments of ;the:^orocean navy^ W> Wbrl;^ iir; 1 1 and; most ; zof them were Gonjes^ed^Qbsol escenfc, and moorly - arraaged > ^ (^bM« p^?169^ ;

nav^ ^ard^^of^hlGh th^4order to plan; ^orf^ in ^94^, ^hi fr^ dy^ is:sued^n; Jalu^

faGititiesv ^cordinf 'to? itv 1!ftsufffefint io'^ tn pea^ce on:;a sli^ lAlest 0ojist^^

£ weel^ since it v/oul d? be ̂ imprudent to GonGentrate-"an^indre activities ih/limited areas s no further development ^f Marev

and feget^^

^r^mary; clevc^pm^Qa^ in the ^an ;Ndro-$an Oiego^ area. In addition 9 ncr mo;r£ "than^X of ;a :na vy yard - s capaotty was, to be itsed vf or/ ne& shi p- bui 1 drrfg, as the^Boird: considered rt; impemtive that repair fac^I;itie5 rnus^t;be^^^^ in case war erupted.; ;^e^&^

wartime expansion,;altnough^ the permanent c-rjani±aM0n of the;^lt;would be us^d as a valuable gut

Form No. I0-300afR«Viio-74) -"*'-:. ; : ^

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIQNALPARK SERVICE

O1P ffiSTCWRIC^PLACES W^

Puget Sound Naval Shipyard Shore FacilityCQNTINUAT?JQUV SHEET ITEJVr NUMBER 8 PAGE 8*6

When the Greens! ade report recommended no further development at the Puget Sound yard i t was aware that two drydocks were under constructi on -.- . Drydocks N&* ^ and 5 were the produclf of funding-made avail able through the AMnson-Trammel Act of lM4» Originally the former were designed to accommodate ship£ up to cruiser sizev In 1538, however, it was decided io "enlarge ;t^ any ship of the^ fleet at *hat: time. Other construction acti vity rerflec^the Board's recommendation i to "balance the existing faci 11 ty." Pre^existTng out! dings: were moved: around; added ento or remodeTed. Hew cranes-were put in place and othir 0ui1 di ngs -;, such as the shi pfitters. shop fNo> 460 » 1941 ) were" added to i mprove the ef f tei ency of the yard for both construction and repair » and to prepare the yard as a supplier of; goods to

1941-1945:When Japan attacked^^earl ttarbor the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard was only one of two-navalyards on the West Coast which was fully operational. It was, tn: addi t4jon, the; onlybattleship repair ̂ yard on -the Paci f i G Goast.: Mare Island was^ limited in the size of theships it could ac^ommoda^San Di ego coul d ;assf s=t wi th the retaair of ;jsmall er vessels , ^ytermlhal ;;1sl anclv and^ PearlHarbor were tei ng developed^to handle larger vessels prior t^ l^e outl^e^Puget Sound was the^nome yard for :the capi tal ships . At Pearl BHarborv ei^ht of America 'sseventeen battleships were ^attacked. Of thesej two were sunk and destroyed. Of the vremaining six s five ^ were returned to Bremerton for repairs and Tnoderni^ationv 7At the Puget Sound facility by this tfme there were three dry docks and four piers as well as its namme^hjea^ crane, Dr^

^inittal^shipljui^lng doGk. ; As a re^addi ti ona 1 dry docks d Ms . 4v/and 5 J; were near 1 ng ^comple t ion at the end- of 1941 * Both were; capabl e^of -docking battleships and car riers* Duringf' the war two double ^tpbuil di rvf 4/ay s ; large enough 1^ bjuil^ asawjere servteer ami shop bui 1 di ngs f or ̂ the shipwayi -atnd the^new drydoeksv The yard was -expande^ to captcity^ by the acquisitiori of thirty additiohataGrei.V At least twenty :e^a^t ^u^dinp^ere:^ added onto or change^ in rOther^ wa^s;withia the ^

" striiGjtures^w^re built to tneetHow the yard developed dtiring thi s perix>d of time was determined by the Bureau of tards and Docks whose.chref during World War 11^ ^Admiral Ben Moreell^ hadv been> in the 1930 l s, Public Works Officer at Puget Sound* Prior to 1941, public works planning by the -navyhad "as its ^a^^ocean Ma vythat^hM^een authorized b^A^ar , the , prbfel em became one" of a! locati ng -SGarce material s and manpower . It was- v ,:ordered thatvbuildings should be no .more elaborate than wars absoltt^l^necessary.5ubsti tutes were f bund for scarce Tnateri alSv Thi s affectedthe^appea:rance and design ofbuildings construGt^^ur^ng this; period. : ,Admi ral Moreell recommended that shore facili ties be dispersed,; and "that, instead

- -V;,-. « ,. ..:- ; ; - ; : : - ; - - , .; -Form No I0-300a =

10-74) "V "--: -UNITED STATES^EPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

NArmNAl, PARK SERVICE )

]

Puget Sound Naval Shipyard Shore FacilityCONTI NU ATIXHSI SHEET ITEM NUMBER 8 8*7

of constantly adding to existing stations^ with the resul ting; ̂ onge^rton,; the exparision be aohi eved by establishing new stati ons in) new locations. In spite of rthi s $ however^ the tendency to; add ? to existing stations persisted. . . . " (Ibidv p.15)

The .manpower si twati on was especi ally critical because of ;the treinendous -' expansi o;n c-f the ai rcraft and shipbuf Idirtg i ndustries . On Apml^ I5v fM^* the; A/fee Ohi ef of >Naval ^perati ons i ssued ihstru^cti ons that : thereafter cthf; Bureau of Yards and Docks \gtve an estimate of the labor 'required f or ̂ the tni tial ̂ constructi o^a;nd ; subsequent ntair^enaBce of all te projects and: the; sponsoring bureau or office pr^aJe^an ^esitimate of the civilian Tabor necessary fo,r^the o^raMon ^f the f aci 1 i ty^ f he Inf o:rmation was to be used by the Secretary of the : Navy In Mkang a final declsion^n the project. (|frvd« PP* 18-19) ^ ;

Admi ral Breen sl^de > -, Pacif i c Coordinator of Na;Val Logi s tt cs , studi edx condi tt ons on *he West Coa st this same /year and concluded that a saturation- polnl- had been reac^h^ additions new construction fer naval rate i^hey could^be>completed. ; "The real i za tlon r no xloJiibt , affected construction acti v/lty at \ the Puget Sound: yard . The only :no table- work undertaken in 1944 was a five mile rai Iroad spur ̂ $Q ̂ connect It with She ammuni ti on supply base at Bf ngor , Fewer sh;ips were bull t anoSa greater nuntber repaired after 1944. : This was-irv keeping with th& requirement that only ̂ 20M of^the yard - s capacity should be reserved for shipbuilding^ Even so, the record ofVthe Puget Sound Naval Shipyard cann^^repai red,; overhauled and modernized at Bremerton during Wo^ ^1. - THe^e inc^liide; ; seaplane, tenders iSeapila^e Wrecking tenders aircraft escort vessel s» oil and gasoline carriers, barracks barges, battf1ehlpa> s;ubmitrines 9 aircraft carriers^ anjd-cruisem. tt was-, as most historians a gre^ capacity of the^ Urti^ed^ ^ta1:es which^ a^ ; v ; :

Japan coiil d not> inairitaln the^ power wllh^^hleh she b^egan tbw jwar .^^ year of war she; ha(la^ net^ loss "of warships. Up to the end -of JL944^he lo^st 275i combat sl^lps ;exsludlng escort vessels and she repl aced only ]&£ of ;:these» Duri ng the same i?eri;pd;>th^ and 8tddedvIQ0S warships by new;

?-' construction . "^1 bld^. p;316 ) ; ^ : Between 1942^ and; B4|> almost 4^0 shi^

Exceptions and Excl Mi ons;From 1B91 until the present day » the ;Puget Sound Naval Shipyard has evolved iandeonynues to evolve as: a repair 1-aclllty of the United ;States Navy . The chariging needs of t^ servi ce in; bull dings ; being movM, eons tru^ or demoli shed , Several of the btiilcpgs-^ have been ^ved. The Circumstance / of each move^^^i scttssed in %e^ln^vidu4l^inventory fo,rms. Officers l tow buildings were moved in 1919 to make way f or jaiv ^ Aesthetically the ^fficer^'ROWoa^f ormi ng an i ntegrated iesl den tial uni t whose relati ve i ntegri ty; has beetv maintained since 1919. - -^':" : ,;-;;;;/;"--;-. - : : _-- ; /;;;;:;":-;-;;;-:;-:;; •••:.-:.

Form No. T0-300a(Rev, 10-74)' ;

UNITED STATES DEPART MENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

l^^illfepliil

Puget Sound Naval Shipyard Shore; FaeiTityPAGE 8va

The one moved ;fcuil4ingWthen moved a secoiwl ;t;irne in 1939vjhe ; latter move was withini ^the d^$|rict ^area v/ith the ori entatH]»n, settiiig, and >gene;raf environment of the^ /new;fsite :stm;ife^ to the 1907; site. This hui4<di^ the nucleus of tne yard's radio; station, a 1^n£^ after the 1907: elatev

While the Importance of t^e Central lndust>^ Area is dfscussed;in;the thematic significance statement, the induftrial ^a^d is not included 4i^th^;N|ftional Register nomination, l"he Nlitional^^ark Service has identified this district as one to be included in;its World l/ar'11 (Pacvfic) NattpnaT Landmark thematic nomtnation. Inventory data of these bm 1 dings, l^wever s was camptleted as a part :of the survey cite^d under Sections <5 and 7 of "this ~~~ ~~ '

ATbion., Robert G. Makers of Naval Policy, 1798-1947. Annapolis, Naval Institute Press, 1980. .-': . .

Alden, Carrol! S 0 and Allan Westcott. The United States Navy; A History. Chicago, Lippincott, 1943.

Bagley, Clarence B. History of Seattle. Vol. II, pp. 606-609. Chicago, Clarke, 1916 •.-•."-. ./V''"' 1 :____. • ' -.'."' .-.;''.'.,.••'"•_______=____________L '"• . ,'(cont)'

ACREAGE OF NOMINATED PROPERTY

UTM REFERENCES See i ndi vi dual inventory forms I . 1 r . | | . i . t . . i

ZONE EASTING NORTHINGc| . I I I v I . . I I . I . I . :•; I

Bl-.-T II -. 1 . • . I I .1 . I . • IZONE EASTING NORTHING

p| . I II i I. . I I . 1,1 ,,|J

See i ndivi dual Inventory forms

; STAfE COUNTY

Gal1acei and August Gene GrulichORGANIZATION: : -'.Vr,';'V :''V " .

Grulieh /VrGhitectur& and PIanriingTELEPHONE "

(2QB) 2/2^0007STATE •'•..."•' ;: Wash i natQn

STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER RECOMMENDATION

NO___ NONE

In compliance with Executive Order 11.593.1 hereby nominate this property to |he National Register, certifying that the State Historic Pfesfcrvatioil Officer has been allowed 90 days in which to present the/nominatibn to the State Review Board and to

• ' ^ ..'.,•' . "•-.••-•-•-''..' " ;; •"- ',.'• ' : . ' - - ,.-.'• '.-".- , ' \S* I __f ' ' '

evaluate its significnce. The evaluated level of significance is<£Ss_National—J^tate;_—Local.STERNS^ Director. Installation & Facilities

OASN (S&L) DATE \ I ^ NS'"'% V

Wi^i^^^^i^^i^i^^^^iii^i§^if^^^m^^\

&tinw^iiWp^ ' ' '

GPO 899-2 1 4

Form No. 10-300atftev.16-74) : , ;; : f -; :- _ / —

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OH THE INTERIOR NATlCiNAi PARK SERVICE

N^

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Puget Sound Naval ^pyard:Share RacilityCONTl;NiJATION SH&ET^ ITEMJSIHMBER 9 PAGE

Building ^and the C1 vil- Iti^^ D . C '-.'- ;G^vteyii^ient PHrr^lrtg Office , 1947. ^- \ \- ; ;- - " / : - v : ; - ' V_ :^ ; ;; - : : : < \ : v

Cool ing, Bv Ffarlkll nv Gy^iy SteeT ;and; Bluewaten Navy . Hamden s Conn.:, Archon Books, :'_ .

Hajgan .".,-.. Kenneth J.,ed» In. Peace ;a^ ^Naval Hi story y1775-197$. W^

History .-.-.e-f the Puget^M^d: Navy Ya^dv n.p. » n«d. Typescript.- (Wnitte^ by Class of1947-194a.) : v - , : : ; -

Howeth , Li nwood. History ̂ ^^ Washi ngj>on 9D;C* s ^ureau 61^ Sh^s ^

KnoxVDudley Wright^ "The Utilted.StateEliot Mori son . jjj^M^^ M^ :i n; Mrt d War VL . Vol . I .Boston » 1 i ttTe^ Br^wn * P52V ^:: --:^- ; --;:';-C ; ; '-- :-^^^.;^: -"-^;-;;:^v ; "; 7 ; ; x

Krulaky Victor H^ Hi jsl: to ^Fjghfe : Annapoli s » Naval Institute/;Press 9 1984. - Mil Te'rv" Roman : John.- ^^6^1 ̂ L^ehica<30» McClurg,, W&. 7 " "" n ' r;:;:->:>^v - •• /: ^,:;-;o- --.; :> -,:.;,-.--Mil lettr -Allan R. : Simper l^idelisv New York y Maemil lan, 1981D.National Archives - Seattle i BranchV Records ;pertain ing to ;the Puget Sound Naval

Shipyard S ^cvl9^9^17; / -; Navy Yard ^Anrvuajv l^m Publ i shtng Cornpan^j 1919.. Pu^et Souncl Na^yal ^

Located in the Pablvic Works Department. :. [General Inforrnati on Pamphlet] n.p.V;;1944. :; :

;.^ : * WorkTog for Dr^clock Mo. 1 s 1896-M& Manuscriptv Puget Souncl N:ayaT^^^^ n.p. » c.196^. Reh; Louise f^.:F$ft^Ei^ and

1941. [a his^ory;o^:t^Sternlichtv SanfoM^ J-naiu 1977. : ; - -r ,- -., : v; -":---^/^;"-->"^:"=-v-- "•:,•Taylor v Al bert^ Hoytv^ The B^t ^

JWashington , feCv , ^avy^e^^titteW '_''• ' "_^"^:- ^^'^^ - •- ,r^y- U.S.; Navy DBpa^ftnent r :j Actiyi ,t'i;e>^t: Yards, and ; ocks. ..

1918. Washington, D.C, > Government Printing ffice, 191~Annual^ Reports. 1897;, 1901, 1904-19Q7 s 191t-193il , 1934-1942^

'Bureau"""onstruttion JRepa'fr » "1937.

- . Office of Naval Records and: Ltbrary, Historical SecMon. vNo> 5. History of the^ Bur^a^ of ^|hi1 nMr^ Washington , DvCv dov-ernmeht Printing Crffi^eev 19|2." V;."^:^;;:: " : -^ : "-^-\"^"^ : - "

. Publ ic Works ^ the toy; Mashfngtony D.G. > 1916. ,

189r SHIPYARD BOUNDARY

1986 STRUCTURES

189-* PUGET SOUND NAVAL SHIPYARD

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1914 SHIPYARD BOUNDARY

1986 STRUCTURES

STRUCTURES PRESENT IN 1914

1914 PUGET SOUND NAVAL SHIPYARD

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1922 SHIPYARD BOUNDARY

1986 STRUCTURES

STRUCTURES PRESENT IN 1922

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1933 SHIPYARD BOUNDARY

1986 STRUCTURES»

STRUCTURES PRESENT IN 1933

1933 PUGET SOUND NAVAL SHIPYARD

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1941 SHIPYARD BOUNDARY

1986 STRUCTURES

STRUCTURES PRESENT IN 1941

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1945 SHIPYARD BOUNDARY

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STRUCTURES PRESENT IN 1945-

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NPS Form 10400* OUB Apprw* No. 10244018

United States Department of the InteriorNational Park Service

National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet

Section number Page

Multiple Resource Area Thematic Group

Name Puget Sound Naval Shipyard Shore Facilities TRState Kitsap County, WASHINGTON

Nomination/Type of Review

Substantive Cover

1. Puget Sound Radio Station Historic District

2. Hospital Reservation Historic District

3. Marine Reservation Historic District

4. Officers' Row Historic District

5.

6.

7.

"8.

9.

10.

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Date/Signature