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Pulakesi II (609642) He is the is the most famous ruler of theChalukya dynasty.In

his reign theChalukyasof Badami saw their kingdom extend over most of theDeccan.

And up to Narmda in the North. When he came to throne he had to over come the civilwar. Feudatories were waiting for the change to siege it is described as whole world wascovered in the darkness that was enemies. He successfully overcame out of two

feudatories Appayika ran away and Govinda surrendered. He increased and organized hisarmy very well. He broughtKadambas,Gangas,Alupasunder his rule. Later he wasvictorius over Malwas, Gurjaras and Latas.

During his accession towards north up to the Narmada, he came face to face with

Harshavardhana(Uttaraptheshwara) ofKanauj.He was victorius in the battle and then

intered in to treaty with Harsha with Narmada as border. He received the title

Dakshinapatheshvara(Lord of the South). Pulakesi was the first ruler in South India toissue gold coinage.

Pulakesi II (609642) He is the is the most famous ruler of the Chalukya dynasty. In his

reign the Chalukyas of Badami saw their kingdom extend over most of the Deccan. Andup to Narmda in the North. When he came to throne he had to over come the civil war.

Feudatories were waiting for the change to siege it is described as whole world was

covered in the darkness that was enemies. He successfully overcame out of twofeudatories Appayika ran away and Govinda surrendered. He increased and organized his

army very well. He brought Kadambas, Gangas, Alupas under his rule. Later he was

victorius over Malwas, Gurjaras and Latas.

During his accession towards north up to the Narmada, he came face to face with

Harshavardhana (Uttaraptheshwara) of Kanauj. He was victorius in the battle and thenintered in to treaty with Harsha with Narmada as border. He received the title

Dakshinapatheshvara (Lord of the South). Pulakesi was the first ruler in South India toissue gold coinage.

Kumara Vyasa is the pen name of Gadhugina Veera Naranappa, He was classical poet of

Kannada during end of 14th and early 15h Centuries.

His magnum opus, Karnata Bharata Kathamanjari was completed in 1430 when Deva

Raya II was ruling the Vijayanagara empire. Kumara Vyasa earned high esteem as a poet

in his court. Kumara Vyasa's historicity is also based on the fact that other prominentpoets of the 15th century, such as Kanaka Dasa and Timmanna Kavi, have mentioned his

works.

Kumara Vyasa lived in Gadag in northern Karnataka. He is also called Gadugina

Narayanappa, the prefix denoting the town of his residence. A pillar in the Veera

Narayana temple of Gadag exists till date. According to popular legend, Kumara Vyasa issaid to have composed his work at the temple. This pillar is also known as Kumara

Vyasa's pillar.

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[edit] Works

Kumara Vyasa's most famous work, the Karnata Bharata Kathamanjari (The

Mahabharata of Karnataka)is popularly known as Gadugina Bharata and KumaravyasaBharata. It is a sublime adaptation of the first ten Parvas (chapters) of the Mahabharata. A

devotee of Krishna, Kumara Vyasa ends his epic with the coronation of Yudhishtira, the

eldest of the Pandavas. The work is easily the most celebrated in Kannada literature. Its

fame arises due to its universal appeal.

Gadugina Bharata is entirely composed in the Bhamini Shatpadi meter, a form of six

lined stanza. Kumara Vyasa explores a wide range of human emotions, examines values,and displays extensive mastery over vocabulary. The work is particularly known for its

use of sophisticated metaphors. It has earned him the honor of Rupaka SamrajyaChakravarti (Emperor of the World of Metaphors).[citation needed] Kumara Vyasa isalso renowned for his characterization.

There is a strong belief among locals that Kumaravyasa was a blessed poet of Sri VeeraNarayana i.e Lord Vishnu. The poet used to sit in front of sanctum sanctorum in the

temple and the Lord himself narrated the story of the ancient Mahabharatha from behind

the statue. The poet transformed the story into an excellent poetry.

Kumaravyasa has shown an exemplary style of writing in the introduction. He proudly

claims that his poetry is matchless and that it caters to the taste of all kinds of readers. He

writes "A king enjoys the valor in the poetry, A brahmin the essence of all vedas,Philosopher, the ultimate philosophy, ministers and state administrators the tact of rule,

Lovers, the inspiration and moreover it is the master of all other poetry." However, hisself-lessness may be noted when he says he merely noted all that was narrated by his

lord, the actual poet".

The other, lesser-known work of Kumara Vyasa's is Airavata.

[edit] Influence on Kannada Literature

Kumara Vyasa's works belong to the [1]Nadugannada (Middle-age Kannada)period of

Kannada literature. His influence on later Kannada literature is significant.

Gadugina Bharata is still widely read. It is popularly sung in a unique style known as

Gamaka.

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Basaveshwara or Basavanna (11341196): He was a philosopher and a radical social

reformer. For the first time, in the Hindu society, he created an awareness on

discriminatory exploiting nature of Savarneeyas on so called untouchables. Untouchableswere treated in inhuman way. He fought against this practice and some crude rituals in

the society. He was a minister Kalachuri king Bijjala. He was single handedly responsible

for putting in place. He nurtured and spread Veerashiva cult. His preachings were beyondall boundaries, universal, eternal and meant for all time. His new way of life was Devinecentered and gave equal opportunity for everyone regardless of caste, gender and social

status in the society. His movement had strong belief of universal concept of God. He is

regarded as revolutionary through his literature Vachana Sahitya. Many reformers joinedhim in his movement enriching it with their Devine experience though Vachanas.