Punishment

• Controversies and difference in delineation

• Positive and Negative punishment

Punishment and Parenting

• Decreases frequency

1. Behavior is suppressed, not forgotten

2. Teaches discrimination

3. Teaches fear

4. Models aggression as way to cope with problems

• most effective use of punishment is when paired with reinforcement

It’s all about motivation…• Intrinsic vs. extrinsic

Observational Learninghttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v

=Rfpo-gUDSuE

I. Cognitive learning and Operant Conditioning• Emphasizes the role of mental processes

a. Insight learning

• Wolfgang K, Mentality of Apes

• Sudden awareness of solution to a problem– Ex: using a short stick to reach a longer stick

to reach some fruit

b. Latent learning

• Learning in the absence of apparent reward (aka EXPECTATION)

Latent learning example

• rats explore a maze will develop a cognitive map, even when there is neither reward nor motivation for learning

Observational Learning

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N8xCgC3w1zs

c. Observational learning

• Learning that takes place by watching another individual model the learning task

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hHHdovKHDNU

• Albert Bandura (bobo the clown)– Implications for humans– Ex: potential neg. effects of violent TV or pos.

effects for children with appropriate role models

Brown Eye vs. Blue Eye

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-pv8mCHbOrs

• Conclusion?

• Prosocial vs antisocial– “do as I say, not as I do” teaches what?

Social Learning and Media

• What are we learning from the cartoons we watch?

• What information do children take in?– Where does Piaget’s research fit in here?

1. Little Mermaid: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=InFLnzeQjWw

Smoking and Cartoons

Innuendo in cartoons

• Shrek

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d8tPpS7MI6s

Themes from Cartoons

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iMZfCar-Ks8

Racism in cartoons

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3vaFTWzw_x8