ThePerkinElmer® Optima™ 7x00DVand 7300V ICP-OES instrumentsare complete systems, with theexception of the following items:suitable working area, exhaustvents, gases and regulators, cool-ing water and a computer table orbench. These items must be pro-vided by the analyst.

The ICP-OES system consists ofthe main instrument, the com-puter-controller assembly and aprinter, the dimensions of whichare given in Figure 3 and Table 3.

Suitable working area

The environment in which anyinstrument is housed is an impor-tant consideration. The instrumentwill operate with a laboratorytemperature between 15 and35 °C (59-95 °F) with a maximumrate of change of 2.8 °C per hour.For optimum instrument perform-ance, the room temperature shouldbe controlled at 20 ±2 °C. Theinstrument should be locatedaway from direct sources of heator cold. The relative humidityshould be between 20 and 80%,non-condensing.

In order to minimize contamina-tion problems, a relatively dust-

free environment is necessary.Maximum dust levels shouldnot exceed 36 million particles(0.5 mm or larger) per cubic meterof air. Failure to operate the instru-ment in a relatively dust-free envi-ronment will necessitate morefrequent maintenance and could,eventually, damage the instru-ment. As a reference, a normal,clean office environment wouldbe 18 million to 36 million parti-cles per cubic meter.

Another important considerationis to locate the instrument in anarea free of corrosive fumes andexcessive vibration.

The Optima 7x00 series of instru-ments are bench-mounted andmay need to be moved for serv-ice and preventativemaintenance. Leaving a space of45 cm (18 in) behind the instru-ment and 71 cm (28 in) on theright end of the instrument willfacilitate access.

The heat dissipated directly intothe room air by the Optima 7x00series is about 3000 watts (9960BTU/hour), most of which is re-moved if the system is properlyvented. Additionally, the chillerdissipates about 3000 wattsdirectly into the room.

Preparing Your Laboratoryfor the Optima 7x00 Seriesof ICP-OES Spectrometers

LABORATORY

PREPARATION

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Exhaust vent

The Optima 7x00 series of instru-ments require one vent for the ICPtorch. The torch venting systemis required to remove combus-tion fumes and vapors from thetorch housing. Exhaust venting isimportant for a number of reasons:

• It will protect laboratory person-nel from toxic vapors that maybe produced by some samples.

• It will tend to minimize theeffects of room drafts and thelaboratory atmosphere on ICPtorch stability.

• It will help to protect theinstrument from corrosivevapors that may originatefrom the samples.

• It will remove dissipated heatthat is produced by the ICPtorch and RF power supply.

WARNING:The use of ICP-OES instrumentswithout adequate ventilation to out-side air may constitute a healthhazard. For example, the combus-tion of halogenated hydrocarbonsproduces toxic vapors. Extremecare should be taken that exhaustgases are vented properly.

The venting system should providea flow rate of at least 5660 L/min(200 CFM).

The temperatures of the exhaustgases upon exiting the instrumentare about 200 °C (392 °F) at 1500watts of RF power.

The blower capacity depends on theduct length and the number of elbowsor bends used to install the system.If an excessively long duct system ora system with many bends is used, astronger blower may be necessary toprovide sufficient exhaust volume.Alternatively, smooth stainless-steeltubing may be used instead of flexiblestainless-steel tubing where flexibil-ity is not required to reduce systemfriction loss or “drag.” A length ofsmooth stainless-steel ducting has20-30% less friction loss than a com-parable length of flexible ducting.When smooth stainless-steel tubingis used, elbows must be used to turncorners. These elbows should turn ata center line radius of 150 mm with amaximum bend angle of 45 degreesto reduce friction losses, and the num-ber of elbows should be minimized.

Additional recommendations on theventing system include:

• Make sure the duct casing is in-stalled using fireproof construc-tion. Route ducts away fromsprinkler heads.

• Locate the blower as close tothe discharge outlet as possible.All joints on the discharge sideshould be airtight, especially iftoxic vapors are being carried.

• Equip the outlet end of the systemwith a back draft damper and takethe necessary precautions to keepthe exhaust outlet away from openwindows or inlet vents and toextend it above the roof of thebuilding for proper dispersal ofthe exhaust.

• Equip the exhaust end of thesystem with an exhaust stack toimprove the overall efficiencyof the system.

• Make sure the length of the ductthat enters into the blower is astraight length at least ten timesthe duct diameter. An elbowentrance into the blower inletcauses a loss in efficiency.

• Provide make-up air in the samequantity as is exhausted by thesystem. An “airtight” lab willcause an efficiency loss in theexhaust system.

• Ensure that the system is drawingproperly by releasing smoke intothe mouth of the vent. A synthetic“smoke” can be generated byplacing open bottles of hydro-chloric acid and ammoniumhydroxide in the proximity ofthe vent opening.

• Equip the blower with a pilot lightlocated near the instrument toindicate to the operator when theblower is on.

Vent positions

The venting system for the ICP torchshould be positioned over the torchcompartment chimney located ontop of the sample compartment. Forproper instrument venting, orderPerkinElmer Venting Kit (part number03030447, 110V; 03030448, 230V).The minimum distance from the topof the instrument’s torch compart-ment chimney to the bottom of theextraction vent should be 7.5-12.5cm (3-5 in). Figure 1 shows the lo-cation of the ICP torch exhaust vent.

Handling of gas cylindersand other suggestedsafety practices

• Fasten all gas cylinders securelyto an immovable bulkhead or apermanent wall.

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Figure 1. Vent for the Optima 7x00 ICP torch.

NOTICE:The permanent installation of gas sup-plies is the responsibility of the userand should conform to local safetyand building codes.

• The power supply of an ICP-OESis capable of generating potentiallylethal voltages. No maintenanceshould be performed by anyoneother than a PerkinElmer ServiceSpecialist or the customer’s ownPerkinElmer-trained maintenancepersonnel.

• Water lines should be located awayfrom electrical connections. Con-densation and possible leaks maycreate an unsafe situation, if inproximity to electrical connections.

Gases for theOptima 7x00 series

Argon is used as the ICP torch gaswith the Optima 7x00 series.Nitrogen is used for the opticalpurge gas. The quality criteria forthe argon and the nitrogen areshown in Table 1.

Either liquid or gaseous argon canbe used with an ICP-OES system,although liquid is recommended.The choice of liquid argon or gaseousargon tanks is determined primarilyby the availability of each and theusage rate. Liquid argon is usuallyless expensive per unit volume topurchase, but cannot be stored forextended periods. If liquid argon isused, the tank should be fitted withan over-pressure regulator, whichwill vent the tank as necessary toprevent the tank from becoming asafety hazard. Gas transfer lines fromthe argon tank should be contami-nant-free and not made of plastic.

Table 1. Argon and NitrogenQuality Criteria.

Specification Argon Nitrogen

Purity ≥ 99.996% ≥ 99.999%

Oxygen ≤ 5 ppm ≤ 5 ppm

Water ≤ 4 ppm ≤ 5 ppm

Nitrogen ≤ 20 ppm

Hydrogen ≤ 1 ppm

Hydrocarbons ≤ 1 ppm

• When gas cylinders are stored inconfined areas, such as a room,ventilation should be adequate toprevent toxic or explosive accumu-lations. Move or store gas cylindersonly in a vertical position with thevalve cap in place.

• Locate gas cylinders away fromheat or ignition sources, includ-ing heat lamps. Cylinders havea pressure-relief device that willrelease the contents of the cylin-der if the temperature exceeds52 °C (125 °F).

• When storing cylinders externalto a building, the cylinders shouldbe stored so that they are protectedagainst temperature extremes(including the direct rays of thesun) and should be stored aboveground on a suitable floor.

• Mark gas cylinders clearly toidentify the contents and status(full, empty, etc.).

• Do not attempt to refill gas cylinders.

• Arrange gas hoses where they willnot be damaged or stepped on andwhere things will not be droppedon them.

• Perform periodic gas-leak tests byapplying a soap solution to alljoints and seals.

• Never view the ICP torch directlywithout protective eye wear.Potentially hazardous ultravioletradiation may be emitted. Ordinarysafety glasses will, in general,provide sufficient protection, butadditional side shields will ensurea further margin of safety. Safetyglasses will also provide mechan-ical protection for the eyes.

• ICP-OES instruments generatehigh amounts of radio-frequencyenergy in their RF power supplyand torch boxes, which is poten-tially hazardous if allowed toescape. Safety devices andscreening interlocks should notbe bypassed or disconnected.

It is highly recommended that theoptical path be purged with eithernitrogen or argon. Nitrogen is therecommended purge gas due to itslower cost. Normal purge gas usageis user-selectable at either 1.0 L/min(low purge) or 5 L/min (high purge)for nitrogen (1.4 L/min or 7 L/minif argon is used) at 365 kPa (50 psig)pressure.

Gaseous argon tanks do not requireventing and consequently can bestored for extended periods withoutloss. A tank of liquid argon contain-ing 160 liters will typically last forapproximately 80 hours of continu-ous ICP running time. A tank ofgaseous argon will last five to sixhours of ICP running time. Thenormal argon usage is 16-20 L/minwith a maximum of 25 L/min, andthe available argon pressure shouldbe between 550 and 825 kPa (80-120psig). Liquid argon and nitrogen maybe purchased from your gas supplier.The Optima 7x00 includes the hosesnecessary for connecting the argonand nitrogen to the instrument(0.25-inch Swagelok® connection).

The argon gas regulator shouldprovide a delivery pressure between80 and 120 psi (550 to 825 kPa). Thenitrogen purge gas regulator shouldprovide a delivery pressure between40 and 120 psig (275 to 825 kPa). Acylinder regulator that can be usedwith argon and nitrogen is availablefrom PerkinElmer (part numberN0770507). The regulator can be usedwith CGA 580 or CGA 590 fittings.

Shear gas

The Optima 7x00 DV series ofinstruments uses a shear gas toremove the plasma plume and tokeep the heat away from the optics.

The Optima 7300 V instruments useair to cool the load coil.

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Either clean air or nitrogen can beused for the shear gas. The shear gasflow is 25 L/min (1 cubic foot/min)at a minimum of 550 kPa (80 psig).While cylinders of compressed aircan be used, an air compressor ismore practical. However, because theshear gas must be clean, dry and freeof oil, the Optima 7x00 systemsinclude an air-dryer filter assembly.The air hoses are supplied with0.25-inch Swagelok® fittings and theassembly mounts on the lab wall. Inhumid environments, this may notbe adequate to ensure that the com-pressed air is dry. Additional filtersor condensers may be a necessarypart of the air supply system.

Drain vessels

A drain vessel (part number 09904991)and end cap (part number N0690271)are supplied with the Optima 7x00systems. The vessel is made of plasticand is used to gather the effluentfrom the ICP torch. The drain vesselshould be placed on the floor in frontof the ICP-OES. The drain vesselshould not be stored in an enclosedstorage area. The drain system shouldbe checked regularly and replaced

when necessary. Should it becomenecessary to replace the drain vessel,it should be made from a materialnot likely to be attacked by samplesbeing analyzed. Glass or otherbrittle materials must not be used.

Location

Typically, the Optima 7x00 is posi-tioned with the computer and printeron the bench next to the instrumentor on an adjacent table. The com-puter and printer must not be placedon the instrument. A table for theinstrument is available (part numberN0773106). The dimensions arelisted below (Figure 2).

The instrument must be placedunder the exhaust vent for the torchcompartment and near the electri-cal, water and gas supply points.

The instrument is supplied with apower cord 2.5 m (99 in) long andthe following hoses:

Argon and nitrogen hoses: 2.5 m (8 ft)

Water hoses (2): 6.0 m (20 ft)

Air hose for shear gas*: 3.7 m (12 ft)

*The air dryer filter should be located withinthe 3.7 m (146 in) length of the air hose.

Electrical services

The Optima 7x00 series of instru-ments are supplied with a 2.5 m (8ft) power cable that supplies both thespectrometer and the RF generator.The Optima 7x00 DV instrumentsrequire a single-phase 200-240 VAC,50/60 Hz (±1%) electrical line witha separate dedicated circuit breaker.The line should be rated at 15 amps(note the supplied IEC plug typebelow), though the instrument doesnot draw all of this capacity. TheOptima 7x00 instruments draw 12amps at 230 V. The maximum powerconsumption is 2800 volt-amperes.

The Optima 7x00 systems areequipped with an IEC 309 250 V16/20 A 2-pole plus protectiveearth plug (Hubbell® part numberC320P6SVL, PerkinElmer partnumber 09997530) that inserts intoa receptacle (Walther part number410306, PerkinElmer part number09290304). Alternative surfacemount receptacle (Walther partnumber 111306, PerkinElmer partnumber 09290305). Both receptaclesare shipped with the instrument.

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Figure 2. Table for the Optima 7x00 DV (N0773106).

NOTICE:A means of electrically grounding theinstrument must be available.

NOTICE:The Optima 7x00 series of instrumentsmust not have a Ground Fault CircuitInterrupter (GFCI) protected outlet. Theinstrument will trip the interrupter if thistype of outlet protection is used.

NOTICE:Do not replace the IEC 309 instrumentpower plug.

Cooling requirements

The Optima 7x00 series of instru-ments require a recirculating coolingsystem (chiller) to dissipate heatfrom the RF coil and the oscillator.The requirements for the chiller are:

Cooling Capacity at 20 °C: 2850 watts

Temperature Stability: ± 0.5 °C

Pump Rate: 4 gal/min at 55 psi max

A PolyScience® 6106PE RecirculatingChiller meets these requirementsand is recommended for the instru-ment. The PolyScience® 6106PE isavailable through PerkinElmer in thefollowing two configurations:

208/230V, 50 Hz (part number N0772025)

208/230V, 60 Hz (part number N0772026)

An additional 200-240V line isrequired for the chiller. A Hubbell®

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Table 2. Services required for Optima 7x00 systems. The Optima 7x00 series of instruments are computer-controlled, bench-mounted, with one exhaust vent.

Gases Argon 485-825 kPa 1-25 L/minNitrogen 200-825 kPa 1-5 L/min

Shear Gas Air or Nitrogen 550 kPa 25 L/min

Coolant 200-550 kPa 4 L/min (1 gal/min) 15-25 °C (59-77 °F)

Power Optima 7x00 Series 200-240 V 50/60 Hz 16/20-amp single-phase

Computer and Printer 115 V 60 Hz230 V 50 Hz

PolyScience® 6106PE 208/230 V 60 Hz 15-amp single-phase208/230 V 50 Hz 15-amp single-phase or

13-amp single-phase (U.K.)

number 4560 receptacle (NEMA L6-15R configuration) is supplied withthe PolyScience® 6106PE chiller.

Summary: Facilities required

Tables 2 and 3 provide the powerrequirements and dimensions,respectively, for the Optima 7x00systems and the major accessories.The electrical-supply requirementsand approximate power consumptionfor the ICP-OES and major accessoriesare given in Table 2. PerkinElmerinstruments will normally operatewithin a 10% range of the specifiedvoltage and within 1 Hz of thespecified frequency, unless otherwisenoted. If the power line is unstable,fluctuates in frequency or is subjectto surges, additional control of theincoming power may be required.

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©2008 PerkinElmer, Inc. All rights reserved. The PerkinElmer logo and design are registered trademarks of PerkinElmer, Inc. Optima is a trademark and PerkinElmer is a registered trademarkof PerkinElmer, Inc. or its subsidiaries, in the United States and other countries. Swagelok is a registered trademark of Swagelok Co. HP and LaserJet are registered trademarks of Hewlett-PackardDevelopment Company, L.P. Hubbell is a registered trademark of Hubbell, Inc. PolyScience is a registered trademark of Preston Industries, Inc. Dell and Optiplex are registere trademarks of DellInc. All other trademarks not owned by PerkinElmer, Inc. or its subsidiaries that are depicted herein are the property of their respective owners. PerkinElmer reserves the right to change thisdocument at any time without notice and disclaims liability for editorial, pictorial or typographical errors.

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Figure 3. Spectrometer dimensions of the Optima 7x00 series.

Table 3. Dimensions of Optima 7x00 Systems and Accessories.

Product Width Height Depth Power Weight

Optima 7x00Series 150 cm (59 in) 76 cm (30 in) 80 cm (31.5 in) 2800 watts 193 kg (425 lb)

S10Autosampler 46 cm (18.1 in) 53 cm (20.9 in) 38 cm (14.9 in) 250 watts 5 kg (10.1 lb)

HP® LaserJet®Printer* 42 cm (16.5 in) 38 cm (14.8 in) 45 cm (17.8 in) 330 watts 20.4 kg (45 lb)

ComputerKeyboard 48.3 cm (19 in) 4.3 cm (1.7 in) 21.6 cm (8.5 in) – 2 kg (4 lb)

Computer CPU(minitower)* 18 cm (7.1 in) 42.6 cm (16.8 in) 44.7 cm (17.6 in) 200 watts 10 kg (22 lb)

Computer Monitor24 in flat panel 56.0 cm (22.0 in) 43.6 cm (17.2 in) 17.2 cm (6.8 in) 300 watts 68 kg (15 lb)

PolyScience®6106PE 36.5 cm (14.5 in) 61 cm (24 in) 67.3 cm (26.5 in) 2000 watts 81 kg (178 lb)

*Typical dimensions for printers and computers, based on an HP® LaserJet® 4250 printer and a Dell® Optiplex® 755 computer system.