WELCOME TO WELCOME TO QIMPRO’S QIMPRO’S

THIRD THIRD CHALLENGECHALLENGE

CAUSE -EFFECT CAUSE -EFFECT DIAGRAMDIAGRAM

Fishbone Fishbone

The Cause and Effect (CE) The Cause and Effect (CE) DiagramDiagram

Created in 1943 by Professor Created in 1943 by Professor Kaoru Ishikawa of Tokyo Kaoru Ishikawa of Tokyo University and University and adopted by Dr. W. adopted by Dr. W. Edwards DemingEdwards Deming ..

Basic Use of the CE Basic Use of the CE DiagramDiagram

The CE Diagram is The CE Diagram is basically used to basically used to investigate a investigate a problem, exploring, problem, exploring, identifying, and identifying, and displaying the displaying the possible causes.possible causes.

Purpose of the CE Purpose of the CE DiagramDiagram

To identify the relationship To identify the relationship between the effects in a given between the effects in a given situation and all of the possible situation and all of the possible causescauses

To find problem sources/solutionsTo find problem sources/solutions

The Fishbone The Fishbone DiagramDiagram

An Analysis ToolAn Analysis Tool

The Fishbone DiagramThe Fishbone Diagram

A tool used to analyze possible causes of a specific problem or condition

Analyzing the Cause

Why has membership in Advance Placement courses decreased?

Why are students not participating in extra-curricular activities?

The CE ProcessThe CE Process

Identify the problem to be correctedIdentify the problem to be corrected

Identify any possible causes of the Identify any possible causes of the problemproblem

The CE ProcessThe CE Process

Question the cause of problems in Question the cause of problems in each area, seeking changes that are each area, seeking changes that are deviations from the norm deviations from the norm

Repeat for each sub-areaRepeat for each sub-area

Constructing The Diagram

1.1. Clearly describe the problem, i.e., the Clearly describe the problem, i.e., the "effect," to be diagrammed (for "effect," to be diagrammed (for example: files out of place, too many example: files out of place, too many students in line, or attendance below students in line, or attendance below average). average).

2. Draw a box around the effect with an 2. Draw a box around the effect with an arrow heading to it.arrow heading to it.

EFFECT

Constructing The Diagram

3. Identify the major categories of factors 3. Identify the major categories of factors that contribute to the problem and write that contribute to the problem and write them on the diagram. them on the diagram.

This will help the faculty organize the This will help the faculty organize the causes. causes.

Constructing The Diagram4.4.Brainstorm the detailed factors that Brainstorm the detailed factors that

contribute to the problem (i.e., the contribute to the problem (i.e., the "effect"). "effect").

Ask for each factor, “What causes this Ask for each factor, “What causes this factor?" factor?"

Write the causes on the diagram and Write the causes on the diagram and connect them to the appropriate main connect them to the appropriate main category.category.

Constructing the Diagram

5. Identify any and all sub-causes and place them 5. Identify any and all sub-causes and place them on the diagram. Continue to ask "why" until the on the diagram. Continue to ask "why" until the root causes are identified.root causes are identified.

Constructing the Diagram

Fishbone Diagram:Fishbone Diagram:

FACULTY MATERIALS

EQUIPMENT METHODS

EFFECT

FISHBONE FISHBONE DIAGRAM ON DIAGRAM ON

POOR POOR PLACEMENT OF PLACEMENT OF

STUDENTSSTUDENTS

EFFECT

LOCATIONORGANIZATIONMANAGEMENT

MARKETPROFESSIONALHORIZON

BENEFITS

Lack of efficiency

Conflict situation

Excessive hierarchy

Ineffective communication

Peripheral area

Poor conditions

Big demand for specialists

Low competitiveness

Deprofessionalization

Reduced salaries

Lack of incentives

Diagram is characterized by: 6 main causes (management, organization, location, market, professional horizon and 6 main causes (management, organization, location, market, professional horizon and benefits) and 11 secondary causes, two for five main causes and one for the sixth main benefits) and 11 secondary causes, two for five main causes and one for the sixth main cause (professional horizon);cause (professional horizon);

The representation on the diagram axis was made in an order of The representation on the diagram axis was made in an order of relevance (or of intake), inferred at the first analyze; from the beginning relevance (or of intake), inferred at the first analyze; from the beginning of the axis until the end of it, the most important causes being situated of the axis until the end of it, the most important causes being situated at the beginning (management and market);at the beginning (management and market);

Placement of the main causes in the upper zone (considered the left Placement of the main causes in the upper zone (considered the left part of the axis) or the lower zone (considered the right part of the axis) part of the axis) or the lower zone (considered the right part of the axis) of the diagram was made according to a some conditioning, meaning of the diagram was made according to a some conditioning, meaning that by the management depends organization and, obviously, the that by the management depends organization and, obviously, the quality of the location where the process develops, and the market has quality of the location where the process develops, and the market has elements of competition or of direct influence over the professional elements of competition or of direct influence over the professional horizon and the benefits (as requirement);horizon and the benefits (as requirement);

The same principle tried to be respected also for the secondary causes, in The same principle tried to be respected also for the secondary causes, in the sense that the most far away of the horizontal axis have superior the sense that the most far away of the horizontal axis have superior relevance than those closer (conflict situations are less relevant in the relevance than those closer (conflict situations are less relevant in the process than process than lack of eff ic iency) ;lack of eff ic iency) ;

Choosing the names of the main and secondary causes was done Choosing the names of the main and secondary causes was done watching that they represent the main causes relevant during the watching that they represent the main causes relevant during the process (management, market, organization, location etc.), while for the process (management, market, organization, location etc.), while for the secondary causes (deprofessionalization, low competitiveness, poor secondary causes (deprofessionalization, low competitiveness, poor conditions etc.) was watched for them to be as close as possible on the conditions etc.) was watched for them to be as close as possible on the image of the risk.image of the risk.

ROOT CAUSES OF POOR ROOT CAUSES OF POOR PLACEMENT OF STUDENTSPLACEMENT OF STUDENTSNo understanding between corporate and college No understanding between corporate and college structure.structure.

College ranking system-race for placements and College ranking system-race for placements and results.results.

College focus shift from quality education to College focus shift from quality education to placement.placement.

College no focus on research and innovation.College no focus on research and innovation.

Corporate focus shift from developing employee to Corporate focus shift from developing employee to ready to use employee.ready to use employee.

SOLUTIONS TO SOLUTIONS TO OVERCOME ROOT OVERCOME ROOT

CAUSESCAUSESCollege-focus on product quality instead of number College-focus on product quality instead of number race.race.

Increase corporate participation for non placement Increase corporate participation for non placement activity to align the culture.activity to align the culture.

Increase value of degree.Increase value of degree.

LEARNINGLEARNINGFishbone diagram is a method used to determine the Fishbone diagram is a method used to determine the global risk of an event with multiple relevant causes, global risk of an event with multiple relevant causes, relatively easy to apply.relatively easy to apply.

The application realized allows determining the risk The application realized allows determining the risk of secondary and main causes, of cause’s categories of secondary and main causes, of cause’s categories and of the global risk, allows structuring of treatment and of the global risk, allows structuring of treatment measures on vulnerability areas, precisely oriented on measures on vulnerability areas, precisely oriented on the causes which determine high risk values.the causes which determine high risk values.

There are no instruments for risk analyze based exclusively on There are no instruments for risk analyze based exclusively on the Fishbone diagram. But there are instruments which the Fishbone diagram. But there are instruments which include elements of primary or complementary analyze of this include elements of primary or complementary analyze of this type.type.

Analysis of causes sequence can be a simple analyze which Analysis of causes sequence can be a simple analyze which refers to the multitude of the causes and their sequence, but refers to the multitude of the causes and their sequence, but can be completed with other representation and hierarchy can be completed with other representation and hierarchy elements for risks treatment. Also, the method is used to elements for risks treatment. Also, the method is used to simulate the dynamic of the process analyzed.simulate the dynamic of the process analyzed.

The condition to successfully apply the method proposed here The condition to successfully apply the method proposed here is a correct evaluation of the probabilities, weights and is a correct evaluation of the probabilities, weights and impact of the causes. As a result of this, the method is impact of the causes. As a result of this, the method is recommended especially for initial or comparative analyzes.recommended especially for initial or comparative analyzes.

Applying the method in relatively more simple cases is Applying the method in relatively more simple cases is an excellent opportunity to understand the essence of an excellent opportunity to understand the essence of risk analyze, of its bonds with establishing risk risk analyze, of its bonds with establishing risk treatment measures and the dynamic evolution of risk treatment measures and the dynamic evolution of risk values depending on the application of these methods.values depending on the application of these methods.

THANKYOUTHANKYOU

MADE BYMADE BYNIKITANIKITANISHA VERMANISHA VERMASHREYA GUPTASHREYA GUPTA B.COM 2B.COM 2 ndnd

YEAR.YEAR.